educational transformation

Educational System During Spanish Period

The educational system of the Philippines during the Spanish times was formal.

The Religious congregations paved the way in establishing schools from the primary level to the tertiary level of education. The schools focused on the Christian Doctrines.

There was a separate school for boys and girls. The wealthy Filipinos or the Ilustrados were accommodated in the schools.

Colonial education brought more non-beneficial effects to the Filipinos.

The earliest colleges exclusively for sons of Spaniards were established in the Philippines by the Society of Jesus: Collegio Maximo de San Ignacio (1621)

College of San Ildefonso (now University of San Carlos, 1599) in Cebu 2 kinds of training: Priesthood / General Secondary Education College of San Jose (1601) College of Immaculate Concepcion (Ateneo) Escuela Pia for poor boys in 1817 Ateneo Municipal de Manila in 1865 Curriculum: Latin, Philosophy, Rhetoric, Canon and Civil Law

Order of the Preachers (Dominican) also offered tertiary education for boys and girls. University of Santo Tomas (Colegio de Nuestra del Santisimo Rosario, 1611) was converted into a Dominican university in 1645 Colegio de San Juan de Letran (1620) was originally founded for orphaned Spanish children. Considered as the oldest secondary school in the Philippines.

=The first boarding schools for Spanish girls in the Philippines were the Colegios (secondary schools) of Santa Potenciana (1591-1864) and Santa Isabel (1632). They were originally founded for the benefit of orphan Spanish girls. = Beaterios are intended for young girls called beatas (who led a secluded life) daughters of upper-class Spaniards. Beaterio de la Campania de Jesus (now Religious of the Virgin Mary, 1684) Santa Catalina de Sena (1696) Sta Rita College (1719) Sta Rita de Pasig (1740) and Sta Rosa (1750) Educational Decree 1863- the decree required the government to provide school institutions for boys and girls in every town. As a consequence, the

Spanish schools started accepting Filipino students. It was during this time when the intellectual Filipinos emerged. The Normal School was also established which gave men the opportunity to study a three-year teacher education for the primary level.

Social Transformation

=Adoption of Hispanic names as decreed by Gov. Narciso Claveria in 1849. Based on compiled names of saints, indigenous and Chinese patronymics, flora and fauna, geographical names, and the arts. Catalogo Alfabeto de Apellidos Basis for census and statistics, and more importantly for guaranteed exact tax collection, regular performance of Polos, control of population movement, thereby avoiding unauthorized migration, tax evasion and other abuses in the eyes of Spaniards.

From Bahay Kubo to Bahay na Bato

Spanish-introduced but indigenized dishes: adobo, menudo, sarciado, pochero, mechado, etc. From Kanggan and Bahag to Barong Tagalog or Camisa Chino. Hats replaced the putong. Sandals and slippers became part of mens fashion. Spanish loan words Burial in public cemeteries, embalming etc.