Dehydrated Onions.

EXIM Company - Vibgyor Dehydrates

Name of Group Neha devji Sneha jadhav Henna kalania Tabassum khan Farhat kutchi Nafisa khan Munazzah ansari

Roll no 14 18 22 28 30 65 83

Dehydrated Onions. 2011

A PROJECT ON

TOPIC:___________________________________

Submitted to University of Mumbai In the partial fulfilment of BMS By

Name: __________________________________ Class: ______ SEMESTER: ______ Div: ______ Roll No______

Studying at Rizvi Education Society s Rizvi College of Arts, Science & Commerce, __________, Mumbai 400052. Academic year: 2010-2011

Dehydrated Onions. 2011

DECLARATION

We_________________________________________________________ a Students Of Class SYBMS Semester ___ Div _____ Academic Year______ Studying At Rizvi College Of Arts, Science & Commerce hereby declare that the work done on the project entitled Is the true and original and any reference used in the project is duly acknowledge

Name of Students:

Roll No.

Signature of Students

1.________________ 2.________________ 3.________________ 4.________________ 5.________________ 6.________________

_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______

____________________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________ ______________________ ______________________

Date: / /2011

Dehydrated Onions. 2011

CERTIFICATE

I , hereby certify that Mr. studying in Class .BMS Semester Div Roll No: Academic Year Studying At Rizvi College Of Arts, Science& Commerce has completed project entitled under my guidance. To the best of my knowledge information submitted in the project is original and authentic

Signature

Signature

(Name

(Name

Project Co-ordinator

BMS Co-ordinator

Principal ___________

Dehydrated Onions. 2011

Contents 1. Introduction 2. Important characteristics of onion varieties. 3. Nature of the product. 4. Manufacturing process. 5. Quality standard for export. 6. Scope of increasing the export. 7. Effect of export on the domestic supplies and price. 8. Dehydrated onion products. 9. Manpower required 10. Price and packaging 11. Physical and chemical properties of the product. 12. Infrastructure. 13. Major markets. 14. Machinery used. 15. Export procedure. 16. Challenges 17. Detail of product and company. 18. Detail of investment. 19. Export letter

Dehydrated Onions. 2011

1. Introduction
Onion is one of the most important commercial vegetable crops grown in India. It is used as vegetable and condiment. Dehydration plants for onions, garlic and vegetables have come up in recent years at a phenomenal due to- raw material availability, steep market requirements. The rise in Ready to cook meals in India. Its leading cultivators are Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat and Haryana. It is an upcoming Business and gaining importance in India. Dehydrated Onion is used to add unforgettable flavor and aroma to plethora of dishes. Its range of dried and chopped white onion is highly appreciated for adding flavor in the preparation of dishes like tomato ketchup, sauces, chutneys, pickles, salad, meat sausages, masala bread and buns, breakfast foods and many others. These are hygienically processed and packed. Offered at competitive prices, these are delivered timely to clients. There are two types of onions: a) Big onions it is red to dark red colored bulbs are grown in most of the parts b) Small onions- it is known as rose onion. It is grown in Kolar district in Karnataka and Cudappah district in Andhra Pradesh. Onions grown in India are very much in demand in Gulf Countries and Singapore, Malaysia, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh because of strong pungency. The major importers of Indian onions are Dubai, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Middle East, Malaysia, Singapore, Seychelles and Bangladesh. Maharashtra has maximum share in onion export. The NHRDF (national horticultural research and development foundation) has developed all the 3 types onions specially for exports : 1. Agrifound Dark Red 2. Agrifound Light Red (big onion) 3. Agrifound Rose (small onion)

Dehydrated Onions. 2011

2. Important characters of onion varieties
Variety Colour Agrifound Dark Dark Red red Agrifound Light Red Light red Shape Global round, medium to big Global round, medium to big, compact , outer scale tight Flatish round, 2.5-3.5 cm diameter 5-6 bulblets/ clump, bulblet of 2-2.5 cm size Big-sized global round bulbs of 6-8 cm diameter Remarks Medium storer

Good storer

Agrifound Rose Agrifound Rose

Scarlet red Brick red

Good storer

Good storer

Arad (H)

Yellow

Poor storer

3.

Nature of the productThe bulbs selected for export should be reasonably uniform in shape , size, colour and pungency. They should be mature ,solid, reasonably firm with tough clinging skin, thoroughly cured and dried outer scales free from dirt and other foreign material. Defective, diseased, damaged bulbs caused by seed stem, tops, roots, moisture, dry sunscald, sun burn, sprouting, mechanical or other injuries and staining, free from moulds, soft rot and insect attack should not be used for export. The trained labourer are thus required for grading and packing of onions for exports. The packing size for export varies from 8 to 25 kg depending on requirement of onion by importing country. Although jute mesh bags are used for export, if there is no restriction for their use due to environmental pollution problems in some countries, plastic-wooven bags since are reusable and attractive, should be introduced.

Dehydrated Onions. 2011

4. Manufacturing Process
Raw onions are collected from market at the most economic prices. The onions should be ripe, matured and are kept in storage. The storage rooms and godowns are airy, well ventilated, dry and at low temperature. The cold storage is kept at 0-40C and RH 50 55%. The onions are then cleaned. Spray washers are used for cleaning the onions. The cleaned onions are surface dried by hot air and then the onions are peeled. Abrasion peeling method is used for peeling the onions. The peeled onions are then sliced by rotating blade slicers. The sliced onions are then dried or dehydrated. Drying is done in tunnel drier. It is well established and simple. Raw garlic bulbs are scrubbed manually under mild pressure to facilitate removal of papery skin and separation of cloves. Cloves are then conditioned and ehydrated. Dried cloves are then powdered in the powdering unit to the required mesh size and packed in airtight containers. Step 1. Grading & Peeling -The onion lots are graded as per the size & quality. and then peeled. The Top layer of the raw onion bulbs are removed. Step 2. Washing & Slicing -The peeled onions are washed by agitation and are then sliced in the slicing machine. Strict hygiene is maintained while washing. Step 3. Drying - Sliced onions are fed in the imperial dryer for dehydration without effecting the taste and pungency. Step 4. Kibbling & Sorting- Dehydrated onions are shifted to clean air conditioned rooms and fed into the kibbling machine to obtain the kibbled form. The skins are then removed from the kibbled with blowers. Further impurities are removed through imported color auto sortex machine. Step 5. Metal Detector Passing Manufacturer - The Product is passed through high power magnetic sticks and metal detectors to remove all metal impurities . Step 6. Sizing- As per the buyer specification, kibbled undergoes milling and sizing process. The produce is separated into chopped, minced and granules vide gyratory screens.

Dehydrated Onions. 2011

Step 7. Packing - The finished product are weighed and sealed in moisture proof food grade poly bags. The bags are packed in corrugated boxes or paper bags. The product is now ready for export. During the entire process only the water content of the onion is removed by steam drying under controlled temperature and environment hence the natural taste of the onion is well preserved.

5.

Quality Standards for Export

The quality standards of onion have been fixed by Agmark although now it is not mandatory to obtain Agmark certificate for onion export. It is necessary to maintain the quality by observing the standards. The grade, big, medium, small and mixed is followed for different types of onions which depend on requirements from importing country. In the survey made by NHRDF : It is observed that the following demand for the different onions y Middle East countries- it demands light red to dark red colour. They prefer 4-6 cm onions. y Bangladesh- 3-4 cm sized onions. y European and Japan- they prefer 6-7 cm sized big onions. They demand yellowish /brown colour onions having mild pungency. The demand in these countries is from February and up to May when it is very easily possible to cultivate onion in Nasik area of Maharashtra.

6.

Scope for Increasing Export India is presently exporting onions to mainly Gulf countries, Far East countries, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka where there is not much scope to increase the quantity as some countries have also started their own production. The scope, however, exists for diversifying the market to European countries and Japan. These countries do not prefer strong and pungent onions. In these countries, yellow onions having mild pungency, bigger bulb size with thick fleshy layers are preferred. The possibility of growing yellow onions in Maharastra, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh and other parts was explored by NHRDF by taking trials on farmers' fields where bulbs of Arad ( H ) could be successfully produced during latekharif season. The evaluation of various exotic varieties has been done in the past and is being taken up by NHRDF now also where good bulb development with required size and quality could be produced during late-kharif season and thus export from February to May by sending bulbs in electrically-ventilated containers could be explored. For this, however,

Dehydrated Onions. 2011

contract production is preferred as there may not be much local demand for these onions if not purchased by exporters for export. Similarly, there is a scope for exporting dehydrated onions as many processing units under export-oriented unit schemes have been installed in India. These are not presently running to their installed capacity mainly for want of raw material. Thus, there is a scope for development of varieties suitable for dehydration. Onion Agrifound White developed by NHRDF holds promise in this regard. This variety has already been given for evaluation under ICAR coordinated trials.

7.Effect of Export of Onions On Domestic Supplies And Price ;

There is general feeling that prices of onion within the country go up if export is increased which is not true as the quantity exported is about 10-12% of the total production. Proper planning for production ,increased export on the other hand may help growers to get remunerative prices for good quality produce and develop the tendency for growing high quality produce by farmers as also encourage them to maintain the production level of onion which is essential to maintain the supplies even for domestic markets demands without much price fluctuation. The production practices and post-harvest handling if taken by the growers and others involved in the onion industry based on scientific and recommended guidelines would maintain the quantity and quality required for domestic and export markets both and thus may not have much effect on internal supplies/prices of onion. With this view, the expansion of area under kharif in non-traditional pockets in North and Eastern India and cultivation of early crop by set ( bulbet ) production are being popularized by NHRDF so that onion supply for domestic demand is maintained and export of onion is also continued.

8. Dehydrated Onion Product:

1. Onion Flakes Widely used in varied food preparations wherever along with onion flavor & taste, onion's appearance & texture is desired and can be easily used in salads & other preparations / servings after re-dehydration.

10

Dehydrated Onions. 2011

2. Onion Chopped (Size: 3.0 - 5.0 mm) Used in dry soups, mixes, specialty ethnic food preparations, canned/dried/frozen vegetable mixes, dry casserole mixes, stuffing mixes, food service & fast food and particularly when large onion pieces are desired. 3. Onion Minced (Size: 1.0 - 3.0 mm) Mainly used in preparation of soups, sauces, canned/dried/frozen foods, salad dressings, meat products and other food products whenever onion flavor or taste is required 4. Onion Granules (Size: 0.1 - 0.5 mm & 0.5 to 1.0 mm) Particularly used in Vegetables & Meat preparations, gravies, sauces, seasoning salad dressings, cheese, crackers etc. 5. Onion Powder-Free flowering powder is used in soups, sauces, seasoning, and meat products and suitable for varied food preparations, particularly when strong onion flavor and taste is desired.

9.Manpower and staff required

Particulars Manpower required. No. of employers.

Supervisory staff

Administration/marketing and accountant Productions supervisors

officer 3 2

Administrative staff

Maintenance supervisor Skilled workers Semi skilled labour

1 6 10

11

Dehydrated Onions. 2011

10.Price and packaging
a)Price price is decided on these factors - Range of products offered - Prompt deliveries and continuity in supply - After-sales service in products like machine tools, consumer durables - Product differentiation and brand image - Frequency of purchase It differs from country to country. For eg. 1 kg of whole onion Rs 10 then 1 kg of dehydrated onion is Rs 100 b)Packaging All the Finished Goods Are Packaged In Air Tight Packaging That Not Only Protects the Goods from Contamination Or Damage But Also Keeps The Aroma and Taste Of The Products Alive For Several Months.

11. Physical and Chemical Properties of Dehydrated Onion

a) Physical Properties of dehydrated onion Flavor / Taste Odour Colour Size Aromatic, Mild To Pungent And Spicy Typical Characteristic Pure White To Creamish White 30 Mm And Above In Length

b) Chemical Properties Moisture Total ASH Acid Insoluble ASH 7 % Maximum (Infra Red) 5.0% 0.02%

12

Dehydrated Onions. 2011

12.Infrastructure
Our Infrastructure is equipped with advance innovative machines and technology to manufacture impeccable dehydrated vegetables, herbs & spices products to the most competitive prices with The Best Hygienic Quality, The Company will have a Factory Land 1.75 Lakh Square Feet, The Company will have its own sound warehousing abilities with capable storage capacity of large quantity till 12,000 mt of raw onions. The company owns a cold storage huge facility of 1000 mt capacity of finished products. The company has 100 employees. Suitable Location-The unit should be located near Mahuva; in the state of Gujarat in India is the epicentre of all onion dehydration activity due to its favourable climate and easy availability of white and red onions. A small town about 100 kilometres south of Bhavnagar in the state of Gujarat in India is the epicentre of all onion dehydration activity due to its favourable climate and easy availability of white and red onions. Today Mahuva and its surroundings have more than 50 small and large dehydration plants. It is very easy to set up a new venture in Gujarat as compared to any other state in India.

13.Major Market:
UK, Canada, Germany, Poland, Finland, Denmark, Australia, Spain, Italy, Greece, UAE, France, Belgium, Netherlands, South Africa, Latvia, Brazil, Colombia, Chile, Argentina, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Philippines, Korea, New Zealand, Japan, Singapore, Israel, South Africa, Russia, East European countries and many more are the major countries where dehydrated onion products are exported. And our major importers are from Canada and USA. The information can be collected from various sources like Export Promotion Council (EPCs)/Commodity Boards, Federation of Indian Export Organisation, (FIEO), Indian Institute of Foreign Trade (IIFT), Indian Trade Promotion Organisation (ITPO), Indian Embassies Abroad, Foreign Embassies in India, Import Promotion Institutions Abroad, Overseas Chambers of Commerce and Industries, Various Directories, Journals, Market Survey Reports.

13

Dehydrated Onions. 2011

14.Machines required
1. Bin Dryer For Onion

This machine is used for equalizing moister or further drying of dehydrated product. The temperature in dryer can be controlled within wide limits.

1. Slicer Machine

Production Capacity Onion: 800 to 1200 by per hour. This machine is design for automatic cutting of fruit & vegetable into various shapes. 2. Onion Peeling Machine

14

Dehydrated Onions. 2011

Onion Peeling machine is used to peel out skin from onion. Product capacity 1000 to 1500 kg per hr.

4. Onion Thresher Machine

15

Dehydrated Onions. 2011

15.Export Procedure: Food Supplements

16

Dehydrated Onions. 2011

16.Challenges
A major challenge for onion industry is to keep competitive against the pressure of rising production cost. The industry is also subjected to intense international competition in the market place. For most of the year, the storage onion crops set the pricing tone on the market. Since storage onions represent a majority of the crop, prices tend to be lowest around the peak of harvest.

17.Details of the product and Company

Origin Gujarat Vacuum packing Packing Moisture free packing Packed in corrugated carton Storage At room temperature Ideal for Fast Foods Instant Foods

Minimum order quantity 50 Cartons of 5 Kg Shelf Life 6 to 12 months from the date of packing Season of availability Throughout the year Mode of export By Sea & Air Nearest sea port Nhava Sheva (Mumbai) Delivery time 20 to 25 Days from the date of receipt of payment

17

Dehydrated Onions. 2011

18 . details of the investment.
particulars
Land & Building Machinery (Onion) Pre-Operative Expenses Total

Amount
1,55,38,800 53,13,600 34,69,000 2,11,99,300

18

Dehydrated Onions. 2011

19.Export letter
A specimen export letter is given below : Specimen of Introductory Letter to International Importers The Manager (Purchase) M/s. xyz Ltd. ......................... ......................... (U.S.A.) Dear Sir, We are exporters of a wide variety of items including .......... for the last ten years. Our major buyers are ......... in .......... We are one of the registered export houses in India. We represent .......... the leading manufacturers of these items in India. These items are produced in collaboration with .........., the world famous company. We follow the ISI specifications. We believe that your company imports the items we export. We are enclosing herewith a copy of our brochure and price list for your perusal. We shall be glad to send you detailed literature/ samples of items that may be of interests to you. Yours sincerely, For abc Ltd. Manager (Marketing)

19

Dehydrated Onions. 2011

20