IBEKA

Addressing RE Development Challenges, Lesson Learn from Micro Micro-Hydro Power for Rural Development in INDONESIA
IBEKA experiences Feed in Tarif, ADB ACEF June 21th 2011

IBEKA

IBEKA
IBEKA: People Centered Business and Economics Institute Director: Mrs. Tri Mumpuni (Indonesian Coordinator at Partners for a New Begining of US Government) IBEKA Focus: Rural development with renewable energy power generation as tools and bargaining. The use of Renewable Energy to motivate villager in making their own way out of poverty

IBEKA

IBEKA history

1979 - 1990 Pesantren Infrastructure Project 1986 - 1994 Greater Bandung Small Metal Enterprise Development Project (Swiss Contact) 1990 - 1994
(student movement organization by origin)
Electrification, MHP Clean water, Gravitation Deep Well Gravitation,

MHP Dissemination Project (GTZ-SKAT)

Mandiri Foundation, appropriate technology group ,

IBEKA Foundation, People Centered Business and Economic Institute ,

Notarial Act 17 Agustus 1992

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

Renewable Energy Potential in Indonesia

NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Hydro Geothermal Mini/Micro Hydro Biomass Solar Wind Uranium
*) Only in Kalimantan Barat

Non Fossil Energy

POTENTIAL CAPACITY 75.670 MW 28.53 GW 500 MW 49.810 MW 4,80 kWh/m2/day 3 6 m/s 3.000 MW (e.q. 24,112 ton) for 11 years*)

INSTALLED CAPACITY 4.200 MW 1.189 MW 86,1 MW 445 MW 14,1 MW 1,4 MW 30 MW

USAGE RATIO (%) 5,55 4,2 17,56 0,89 0,015 1,00

Electrification Ratio
NAD 72,65%

RASIO ELEKTRIFIKASI
Sumut 85.76% Kalteng 49.87% Kalbar 53.74% Kaltim 66% Gorontalo 43.31%

Category :
> 60 % 41 - 60 % 20 - 40 %
Sulut 61.84% Malut 54.15%

Riau + Kepri 63.15%

Sumbar 68.75% Jambi 47.03% Bengkulu 50.64% Lampung 49.23% Banten 58.44%

Sumsel 50.75% Babel 69.27% Jakarta 100% Sulsel 60.81% Kalsel 67.38%

Sulteng 51%

Sultra 43.88% Bali 78.37%

Maluku 58.06%

Jabar 63.40%

Jateng 63.77%

Jatim 63.67% Jogya 74.37%

NTB 30.48%

NTT 26.35%

Papua + Irjabar 35.35%

TAHUN

1980

1985

1990

1995 43%

Electrificati 8% 16% 28% on Ratio Target 2009: 67.2%, 2020: 90%, 2025: 93%

2000 2005 2006 2007 Rasio Elektrifikasi : 63.9% 2008 53% 62%

63% 64 %

65%
16

Electrification Challenge
Disperse population Very high grid cost to reach all area Low income rural villager Lesson learned, solution: Distributed RE power (off (off-grid) Focus on rural social development +To enable sustainable development

Technical Challenges
Selecting appropriate technology: +Available nearby RE potential Economical Scale: +Focus on the rural essential needs (lights & communication) From Micro-Hydro: +Flow duration curve prediction +power plant design

Technical Challenges
Hydro Power Plant Design: +River Dam design +Turbine & mechanical design +Electrical installation Everything can be calculated & design Flow duration curve Only can be predicted

Grid System

Technical Challenges
Flow duration curve: 100 year flood:
Qt: Peak flow for t-period (m3/day) C : total run-off coeficient iT : rain flow for T-period (mm/h) A : area

Bearing Lifetime:

True Challenges
Mainly caused from: Social Aspects +Interference (disturbance) of construction activity by local villager +High land acuisition cost / high additional land cost after construction +Decreasing of Flow from deforestation +Many unofficial retribution by local villager

True Challenges + Strategy

What happen if focus on Social Development with:
Establishment of local manufacturing +Lower manufacturing cost (long term supervising on quality) Capacity building on technical & management +Speed up rural development with sustainable activity +Lower Overhead cost (2 supervisor: technical & 2 social)

True Challenges + Strategy

What happen if focus on Social Development with: Even share between: + Investor = provide overall financing + Community = have natural resources + man power (Fully implemented after the investment reach payback) It will raise the pride and motivation of rural villager to find their way out of poverty

True Challenges + Strategy

What happen if focus on Social Development with: Provide incentive for community who lived the catchment area & routine forest plantation activity. +More ensure the flow stability in the future

IBEKA

ELECTRIFICATION & COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT

Microhydro Development, Community Empowerment and Sustainability Principles

IBEKA

political stability favorable economical and social trends

Ecological soundness good environmental condition

outside contributions ADVISE, TECHNOLOGY, TRAINING, FINANCIAL

complementary transparent/open well dosed time balanced continuously monitored

manure

Local resources

Local contribution

IBEKA
Physical quantitative outreach

Civil Construction Mechanical & Electrical Distribution Line

20% - 30%
Keppres 80 th 2003

project oriented attitude

Social Development Terminology

Technical aspect

neglecting community condition and perspective internalizing community condition and perspective

SUSTAINABILITY BOUNDARY

local empowerment attitude

Short Term

PARTISIPA TORY CONS TRUC TION

2 1 3

Microhydro development

Microhydro development Social aspect

(phase I)

Community preparation

Base line data Organization set set-up

(PRA)

70% - 80%
Microhydro Management Medium Term Long Term

RECON NAISSANCE and CON SOLIDATION

CAPACITY building
Training STABILITY LINE
and

Social aspect
(phase II)

appren ticeship

SELF ORGANI ZING

Organization Management

Social transformation qualitative goals

Income generation Capacity & Equity building

Village Resource Utilization

ADDED VALUE INTEGRATION

Entrepreneur initiation

CAPACITY & EQUITY building

Child Education & Youth Mainstreaming

SATURATION, MATURA TION EDUCATION, LONGEVITY CREATION

IBEKA

ELECTRICITY & COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT

Microhydro Development and Public Private Partnership

IBEKA

CINTA MEKAR PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP 1

I. Project initiator / source of fund
organization contribution

UN-ESCAP YAYASAN IBEKA

(NGO, non profit)

US$ 75.000

To be granted to Cinta Mekar Village Coop, as 50% community share. Dedicated for MHP dissemination and training facility

US$ 75.000

PT. HIDROPIRANTI
HIBS (private, for profit)

US$ 75.000

50% private share

IBEKA

CINTA MEKAR PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP 2

II. Cash flow projection
Joint Venture monthly power sales income
(+/- US $ 2,970)

100 Kw x 24 h x 25 d/mth x Rp 432,-/Kwh = Depreciation, Operation & maintenance

Rp 25.920.000,-

= Rp 15.500.000,Rp 10.420.000,Rp 9.470.000,(+/- US $ 1,088)

Earning before tax = Earning after tax =

PT Hidropiranti

50 % 50 %

Mekarsari coop

IBEKA

CINTA MEKAR PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP 3

Village development activity
Approximate Mekarsari coop monthly income Rp 4.735.000,Dedicated for Electrification 122 house hold Education Health care Seed capital / income generating Village infrastructure Village operational contribution Cooperative operational cost * Scholarship * Training for adult (62,5 %) ( (8 %) (8 %) (10 %) (4 %) (2,5 %) (5 %)
0% 65 % 16 % 7,5 % 4% 2,5 % 5%

The priority above is for the first 17 month operation, based on electrification cost for 122 hh, set by public meeting, and have been change by the same manner after 122 hh electrified

Summary
Rural energy with renewable power: Economics & Technical can be design & calculated, but in the implementation it require more on the social aspects. Social incentive must be calculated in the Feed in Tarif (community in surrouding also in catchment area + more forest plantation)

Summary
Rural energy with renewable power (Micro Hydro), have the Potential of: Reduction of construction cost Lower overheads + no illegal retribution Stabile power delivery (more ensure flow) Stabile return (even for Off Off-grid) +Most important: The rural development can be sustainable, and promote povery alleviation.(Main Goal)

I hope my water resources can be developed for sustainable rural development. Even share will give a pride and motivation for us to get out of poverty by ourself. Rural economy development & education will teach us to preserve forest as the water resources.

IBEKA
IBEKA: People Centered Business and Economics Institute Jl. Madrasah II No.28 Jakarta, Indonesia + +62-21-5492087 (Secretary: ysroet@gmail.com) Director: Mrs. Tri Mumpuni (tri.mumpuni@gmail.com tri.mumpuni@gmail.com) Program Officer: Pradygdha Kumayan Jati, ST. (pradygdha@yahoo.com), experience: ), Anti Corruption expert's assistant Waste To Energy Power Generation Research Tidal Power Generation Research Municipal Waste Processing (Biogas, Gasification, Landfill) New Zealand's Sustainable Energy Study 2008. More on appropriate RE technology for rural development.