KAZERNE LISSEWEGE

location | preparation

design

KAZERNE LISSEWEGE

realisation

issuing

exploitation

KAZERNE LISSEWEGE

Kortrijk Gent Oostende Sint-Katelijne-Waver Beveren Wijnegem Brasschaat Assenede ...

The Netherlands United Kingdom Canada Australia France Sweden Cyprus

Italy Spain Austria Germany ...

PILOT PROJECTS

utilities incentives energy/emission reduction

energy integration emission/energy goals

bounderies site development broader strategy

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

REDUCTION OF CARBON EMISSIONS AT INDUSTRIAL PARKS IN FLANDERS THROUGH ENERGY MANAGEMENT AND ENERGY PLANNING
dr. ir. tom maes

24 VI 2011
5

SUSTAINABLE INDUSTRIAL PARKS

planet | people | prot/prosperity eco-industrial parks (EIP)

sustainable spatial use park management and services inter-company cooperation

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management and energy planning

CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION

climate change

only 650 Gigatons for 2010-2050. At current emission rates this budget would be used up within 20 years. An important consequence of the rapidly growing emissions rate, and the need for a limited emissions budget, is that any delay in reaching the peak in emissions drastically increases the required rapidity and depth of future emissions cuts (see Figure 22 and also England et al. 2009). In Figure 22, emissions in the green exemplary path are 4 Gt CO2 in the year 2050, which, with a projected world population of around 9 billion, would leave only less than half a ton per person per year. While the exact number will depend strongly on the path taken, the required decline in emissions combined with a growing population will

mean that by 2050, annual per capita CO2 emissions ver will need to be below 1 ton.

gradual / abrupt changes 400 ppm CO safe | 435 ppm CO

2-eq

2-eq

today

Although CO2 is the most important anthropogenic clim forcing, other greenhouse gases as well as aerosols also p non-negligible role. Successful limitation of the non- CO2 forcing would therefore create more leeway in the allowab emissions budget. Studies have shown that attractive op for particularly rapid and cost-effective climate mitigation reduction of black carbon (soot) pollution and troposphe level ozone (Wallack and Ramanathan 2009). In contrast these are very short-lived gases in the atmosphere, and t respond rapidly to policy measures.

approach

reduction and take-up mitigation and adaptation social issues economic opportunity

companies and cities/countries comparative benets

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks

Figure 22. Examples of global emission pathways where cumulative CO2 emissions equal 750 Gt during the time period 2010 (1 Gt C = 3.67 Gt CO2). At this level, there is a 67% probability of limiting global warming to a maximum of 2C. The graph that the later the peak in emissions is reached, the steeper their subsequent reduction has to be. The gure shows variants of with 2011 (green), 2015 inemissions scenarioannualdifferent peak years:3.7 % (green), 5.3 % (blue) and 2020(red) would be required (relative to 2008). (So Flanders through energy management and (blue) or 9.0 % (red). In order to achieve compliance with th energy planning 7 curves, maximum reduction rates of German Advisory Council on Global Change; WBGU 2009).

POSITION
intermediairy focus

carbon emissions / energy development / management industrial park

additional opportunities continuity

technical spatial institutional temporal

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management and energy planning

INTRODUCTION

MOTIVATION
SUSTAINABLE AND CARBON NEUTRAL ENERGY USE
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY USE AS GENERAL MEASURE
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY USE AS TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT

INTEGRAL ENERGY PLAN

SUBSIDY INDUSTRIAL PARKS

public conancing Flemish Government

(re)development and management 30 / 60 % for development + 10% for management public and private developers trade, industry, commercial and non-commercial services excl. seaports excl. sites for retail, catering, ofces
10

industrial parks

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management and energy planning

SUBSIDY INDUSTRIAL PARKS

raising quality

mandatory design plan, issuing plan, management plan guidelines design, issuing, management sustainability measures carbon neutrality on new lots green electricity consumption emission compensation

carbon neutral electricity consumption

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management and energy planning

11

INTRODUCTION

MOTIVATION

SUSTAINABLE AND CARBON NEUTRAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION

SUSTAINABLE ENERGY USE AS GENERAL MEASURE

SUSTAINABLE ENERGY USE AS TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT

INTEGRAL ENERGY PLAN

SUSTAINABLE AND CARBON NEUTRAL ENERGY USE

strategy

need reduction energy use / reuse residual energy renewable energy / residual energy compensation carbon emissions
natural / articial

position

industrial metabolism value chain energy value chain

Biomass Water Wind Thermal solar Geothermal Nuclear PV Gas Oil Coal 0 550 1100

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management and energy planning

13

GENERAL ENERGY MEASURES

buildings (-70%)

layout building techniques tting techniques machines/installations maintenance / process control waste heat / waste power energy and emissions management / benchmarking
14

processes (-20%)

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management and energy planning

DUURZAAM ENERGIEGEBRUIK BEDRIJVENTERREINEN

renewable energy (activity / environment)

electricity and heat potential

supporting techniques as storage, heat pumps tune energy use

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management and energy planning

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ENERGY CONCEPTS
globalisation

g lo b a l m a rke t global energy ows exergetic efciency technology driven central production sectoral approach

g lo b a l s o l i d a ri t y renewable global energy ows institutional control ecosystem driven integration approach

efficiency

s e c u re re g i o n local/regional energy ows virtual power plants exergetic efciency technology driven sectoral approach

c a ri n g re g i o n renewable local/regional energy ows distributed energy installations under local control ecosystem driven integration approach

regionalisation

symbiosis

INTRODUCTION

MOTIVATION

SUSTAINABLE AND CARBON NEUTRAL ENERGY USE

SUSTAINABLE ENERGY USE AS GENERAL MEASURE

SUSTAINABLE ENERGY USE AS TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT
INTEGRAL ENERGY PLAN

CARBON NEUTRALITY PLAN

measures to guarantee carbon neutrality

design, issuing, management carbon neutral electricity consumption

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management and energy planning

18

Amount of carbon emissions to compensate (kg) = (yearly electricity consumption (kWh) used green electricity) (kWh) emission factor fossil electricity park (kg CO2/kWh).

Amount of carbon emissions to compensate (kg) =

g rid consumption (yearly electricity consumption local production (kWh)

electricity supply contract guarantees of origin production g rid injection

used green electricity) (kWh)

emission factor fossil electricity park (kg CO2/kWh).

Amount of carbon emissions to compensate (kg) hanism clean development mec joint implementation =

gold stand

ard

g rid consumption (yearly electricity consumption local production (kWh)

electricity supply contract guarantees of origin production g rid injection

used green electricity) (kWh)

emission factor fossil electricity park (kg CO2/kWh).

0,6 kg CO2/kW h

Amount of carbon emissions to compensate (kg) hanism clean development mec joint implementation =

gold stand

ard

g rid consumption (yearly electricity consumption local production (kWh)

electricity supply contract guarantees of origin production g rid injection

used green electricity) (kWh) digitalisation and automatisation

emission factor fossil electricity park (kg CO2/kWh).

0,6 kg CO2/kW h

~ to offence

enforcement sanction purchase at expense of company

stimulus

~ to penalty for manager reclamation conancing

gold stand ard

Amount of carbon emissions to compensate (kg) hanism clean development mec joint implementation =

g rid consumption (yearly electricity consumption local production (kWh)

electricity supply contract guarantees of origin production g rid injection

used green electricity) (kWh) digitalisation and automatisation

emission factor fossil electricity park (kg CO2/kWh).

0,6 kg CO2/kW h

CARBON NEUTRALITY PLAN

carbon neutral electricity consumption energy efciency

lighting electrical installations and motors cooling EPB energy monitoring

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management and energy planning

24

CARBON NEUTRALITY PLAN

carbon neutral electricity consumption energy efciency

carbon neutral heat use

lighting electrical installations and motors cooling EPB energy monitoring buildings processes

garantees of origin heat | gas

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management and energy planning

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CARBON NEUTRALITY PLAN

approach companies

standards...
nancial facilities

rewards / challenges... support

information

obligations to produce obligations to perform

verication ...enforcement

postponement of transaction reclamation of rewards

equipment | centralisation optimisation

symptomatic and strategic barriers

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management and energy planning

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small-scale industrial parks big-scale industrial parks

mixed to specic heavy to soft industry

INTER-COMPANY COOPERATION
... clustered energy management

Sappenleen | Poperinge : : 100 companies | 0,26 PJ Herdersbrug | Brugge : : 90 companies | 0,8 PJ

pr

pr

Waggelwater | Brugge : : 16 companies | 0,1 PJ

pr

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management and energy planning

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ENERGY CLUSTERING
service clustering

purchasing maintenance management production integration distribution

physical clustering

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management and energy planning

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ENERGY CLUSTERING
clustered energy production

one or more installations (VPP) traditional and mixed parks residual energy / individual production capacity traditional parks mixed parks
30

integration

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management and energy planning

ENERGY CLUSTERING
installation costs

scale, efciency, exchange capacity, outsourcing efciency, prole, integration, renewable energy scale, professional services

grid costs

prole, autonomy

fuel costs

taxes and subsidies dependance

maintenance costs

efciency, integration, renewable energy carbon footprint

value chain position, image

31

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management and energy planning

ENERGY CLUSTERING
attainability - options

technical / spatial nancial legal social

test projects innovation -competitive operational position strategic pole

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management and energy planning

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SAPPENLEEN POPERINGE

Bouw en Handel en diensten Producten van metaal Informatica, elektronische en optische producten e.d. Productie en distributie van EGW Hout Drukkerijen, opgenomen media Afval en recyclage Overige industrie Transportmiddelen Textiel, kleding en leder Papier en karton Bouwmaterialen Metalen in primaire vorm 6 5 5 4 4 4 3 2 1 1 1 1 Aantal bedrijven

68

electricity consumption

gas consumption

existing consumption prole maximal electrication

2% 50% 98% 50%

10% 55% 90%

22 ha roof surface 188% 105%

45%

ENERGY MANAGEMENT SAPPENLEEN

need

carbon neutrality wind turbines ... other production energy efciency heat strategy...? measures for energy and emissions reduction carbon neutral membership

inter-company association

investment project provides energy management

INTRODUCTION

MOTIVATION

SUSTAINABLE AND CARBON NEUTRAL ENERGY USE

SUSTAINABLE ENERGY USE AS GENERAL MEA

ENERGY USE SUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTAS TERRITORIAL

INTEGRAL ENERGY PLAN

SPATIAL QUALITY
park

company lots industrial park

property structure

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management and energy planning

39

company 1

company 2

company 3

company 4

company 5

core processes facilities logistics additions

specialisation vs interweaving

company 6

company 1

company 2

company 3

company 4

company 5

core processes facilities logistics additions

specialisation vs interweaving

company 6

company 1

company 2

company 3

company 4

company 5

core processes facilities logistics additions

specialisation vs interweaving

company 6

specialisation vs interweaving

SPATIAL QUALITY
park

5888

R.C. McKenna, J.B. Norman / Energy Policy 38 (2010) 58785891

company lots industrial park exergetic efciency energy availability differentiation en interweaving
covered by the model (i.e. etton and non-etton bricks).

landscape

Fig. 5. Distribution of industrial heat loads (empty circle) and recovery potentials (solid circle) against thermodynamic quality parameter (colour), for the UK and around Chester (inset).

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management of which are especially food and drink, pulp and paper, and chemicals. and energy planning 44 CCA data correspond to ve sectors in total, only two

due to the fact that a large proportion of these secto modelled simply as boilers and steam systems, with

SPATIAL QUALITY
park

company lots industrial park exergetic efciency energy availability differentiation en interweaving
energy planning
45

landscape

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management and energy planning

SITE SPECIFIC ISSUING

mandatory connection to (future) central utilities specialising for/excluding signicant heat users
specialised industrial parks

minimal renewable energy production ...

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management and energy planning
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INTRODUCTION

MOTIVATION

design location/ preparation

SUSTAINABLE AND CARBON NEUTRAL ENERGY USE

SUSTAINABLE ENERGY USE AS GENERAL MEASURE

realisation

ambition SUSTAINABLE ENERGY USE AS TERRITORAL DEVELOPMENT

exploitation

INTEGRAL ENERGY PLAN

localisation utilities reduction issuing eip energy plan industrial park

APPROACH OF DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT

approach towards developers?

standards...

...verication and enforcement

certication reclamation

rewards / challenges... support

information

obligations to produce obligations to perform nancial commission best proposal equipment | centralisation optimisation

symptomatic and strategic barriers

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management and energy planning

49

industrial park developers

carbon trust

spatial planners

industrial symbiosis/ ecology

companies

Agentschap Ondernemen

energy policy

climate policy

PARTNERSCHIP MODEL
EIP project managers energy companies utility companies innovation policy

optimise carbon efciency existing assets and products

sustainable energy use extension throughout value chain more efcient products

new products, services, business models for low carbon market opportunities

inter-company cooperation (coopetition)

51

co-design public policy and regulation

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management and energy planning

optimise current industrial parks

optimise available sustainable energy extension throughout energy value chain / stimulate companies energy/emission efcient park services coopetition

innovation in utilities, energy management services, business models

co-design public policy and regulation

park magement | parks management

tom maes - reduction of carbon emissions at industrial parks in Flanders through energy management and energy planning

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REDUCTION OF CARBON EMISSIONS AT INDUSTRIAL PARKS IN FLANDERS THROUGH ENERGY MANAGEMENT AND PLANNING