Ibm Systems Mag Mainframe 20110304

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B Click on Event Center
DATE & TIME
Wednesday, March 9, 2011 11 a.m. EST
WHO SHOULD ATTEND
VP/Director for IT, development managers, project managers,
architects, analysts and systems programmers, developers,
deployment engineers
AGENDA
Please attend a complimentary one-hour webcast to learn how the new and enhanced development tools from
IBM Rational can help simplify development and delivery of multiplatform applications that span z/OS, Linux
on System z, AIX on POWER, Linux on POWER(R), and Linux on System x under a single management
domain. The Rational software development platform offers developers an integrated set of tools, best
practices and workbenches to overcome cross-platform development challenges, including capabilities to
revitalize applications, empower developers, unify teams and exploit the new zEnterprise infrastructure.
These elements all contribute to help simplify and accelerate the creation, maintenance and enhancement of
enterprise applications which run on multiple platforms across the enterprise. These are some of the topics
well cover during this webcast:
B How Rational solutions work with zEnterprise systems to enable mainframe development on a Linux-
based PC or on System z
B A platform which allows the entire development team to stay informed of development, build, and test
status as updates are made across the development project
B Tools to enable developers to discover and analyze existing application assets in order to lower the cost
of reusing or lower the risk of enhancing, or use as components or services for new applications
SPECIAL OFFER
Register to receive an IBM System z Can do-it eKit and Enterprise Modernization Sandbox for System z.
FEATURING
B Peter S. Wassel, Featured Speaker
Program Director, System z and
Cross-Platform Segments, IBM
Rational Software
B Doug Rock, Moderator
Publisher, IBM Systems Magazine
LEARN MORE about Modern Application Development
and Deployment at IBMs System z Technology Summit,
coming soon to a city near you!
www.ibm.com/software/os/systemz/summit/track3.html
WEBINAR | Register now!
WHY ACCELERATE ENTERPRISE
MODERNIZATION WITH IBM RATIONAL
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT SOLUTIONS?
A System z Developers Journey Through the Application Lifecycle
B Tim Hahn, Featured Speaker
IBM Distinguished Engineer,
IBM Master Inventor, IBM Rational Software
Address 8 Service-Delivery Challenges Page 40
March/April 2011 ibmsystemsmag.com
MAINFRAME
Cognos
on System z
Reduces
BI Costs
Page 36
Companies stay ahead of the competition using
IBM's end-to-end offerings Page 32
>aZZUZS[Z
-ZMXe`UO_
Dan Cardiff - iStockphoto
Not everyone
trains to be
a Search
and Rescue
Swimmer...
z / V M P E R F O R M A N C E T O O L S F R O M z / V M P E R F O R M A N C E P E O P L E
...and even
fewer make the grade.
Search and Rescue is often done during the worst conditions imaginable. Its a tough job and
one that demands the best people and tools you can nd. The same can be said for those
managing complex z/VM environments. Migrating Linux servers to z/VM creates many
challenges and nding the right tools and training is nearly impossible. Its why Velocity
Software continues to offer both free education and some of the best z/VM tools in the
business. In 2010 we trained more than 100 customers, business partners, and IBMers at no
charge. We intend to expand our topics and more than double that number during 2011.
But training is just one factor when it comes to successfully managing your z/VM complex. To
simplify the way you manage z/VM and instantly improve productivity, Velocity is announcing a
web based option of zVPS (Velocitys Performance Suite for System z). zPRO (z/VM
Professional) provides an intuitive systems management portal for z/VM and Linux on System z.
It can be used to clone servers (Linux and others), manage your Directory, handle document
retrieval, manage Spool Files, and administer TCP/IP and RACF denitions as you develop your
cloud environment with IBM System z. zPRO can be installed in minutes along with zVPS. Why
make the job any tougher than it is already? Take a little of the chill out of being a z/VM
professional. Contact us for more information about pricing, demos, and trials.
zVPS from Velocity Software.
Its the smart thing to do.
Ofces: Mountain View, California; Irving, Texas; Columbus, Ohio; Mannheim, Germany
www.velocitysoftware.com USA: 877.964.8867 International: 1.650.964.8867 or +49 (0) 621.373.844
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Mainframe MARCH/APRIL 2011

Inside
COVER STORY
Driving Outcomes 32
Successful companies fuel
business with predictive analytics.
By Kathy Konkel, cover illustration
by Oliver Burston
FEATURE
Hurdling Barriers
to Success 36
IBM demonstrates Cognos BI
on Systems z is less expensive
than x86 deployments.
By Rebecca Wormleighton
CASE STUDY
A Sound Investment 28
Citigroup tames its backup
environment with dedicated
mainframes. By Jim Utsler
28
IBM has some strong
algorithms built into the
machines, as well as crypto engines
and certificate management.
Martin Kennedy, managing
director of enterprise-systems
infrastructure Citigroup Inc.
2
M A R C H / A P R I L 2 0 1 1 i b m s y s t e m s m a g . c o m / m a i n f r a m e / / m a i n f r a m e
24
32
36
Inside
2
DEPARTMENTS
Editors Desk 12
Predicting a Good Read
Dashboard 14
Charging Ahead
Data Display 16
Smarter Cities Large and Small
Think Smarter 18
Capture Insight From Real-Time
Operational Data With Smart
Analytics Systems
Insider 22
Agnostic Development Tools Support
Mainframe-Centric Businesses
Trends 26
DataPower Support for zEnterprise
Extends its Multiplatform
Capabilities
Tips and Techniques 40
Overcome Eight Key Service-Delivery
Challenges and Reduce Costs
Solutions 45
vanguard Oonf|gurat|on Manager
ZEN O|everv|ew for TOP/lP v8.2.1
PlexSpy Application Status Monitor
v1r1 Pred|ot|ve Reoa|| Netu|t|ve 5.0
Resources 47
Advertisers Index
Stop Run 48
Bijan Davari Changed the Computer
Chip
Mainframe JULY/AUGUST 2010

M A R C H / A P R I L 2 0 1 1 i b m s y s t e m s m a g . c o m / m a i n f r a m e
2
Mainframe MARCH/APRIL 2011
6
14
22
48
26
This is just a sampling of the IBM Systems Magazine content
available at the click of a mouse. Visit us online frequently for
Web-exclusive articles, blog entries, audio tidbits and more.
On the Web
ibmsystemsmag.com
M A R C H / A P R I L 2 0 1 1 i b m s y s t e m s m a g . c o m / m a i n f r a m e 8
Weigh in on The Buzz
Can U.S. kids overcome the geek stigma? Copy Editor Morgon Mae
Schultz posed the question to readers via our blog, and you weighed
in. See what everyone is buzzing about:
http://ibmsystemsmag.blogs.com/the_buzz/2010/11/can-us-kids-
overcome-geek-stigma.html
Only Online
See what additional content is popping up in our EXTRA e-newsletter:
Common Tools, Multiple Platforms, by Tim Hahn,
Rational enables development in a multiplatform runtime
environments
www.ibmsystemsmag.com/mainframe/
enewsletterexclusive/35616p1.aspx
Safely Concealed, by Jim Utsler,
IBM Identity Mixer is poised to change how Web users reveal personal data
www.ibmsystemsmag.com/mainframe/ibm_research_
identitymixer/35550p1.aspx
The Three Ps of Web Services, by Jim Schesvold,
Retail companies must address more than performance
www.ibmsystemsmag.com/mainframe/holiday_
performance2/35685p1.aspx
Beyond Flashcards
DB2utor Troy Coleman shares a new
DB2 resource dubbed a Flashbook.
http://ibmsystemsmag.blogs.
com/db2utor/2011/01/a-great-db2-10-
resource.html
BACKUP DATA TRAVELS ON FICON CHANNELSNOT YOUR TCP/IP LINKS
FDRSOSis a high speed, cross platform Open Systems disk
backup and rapid recovery solutionData Travels on FICON
Channels not your TCP/IP Network.
No longer will backupstake too longcongest networks
or leave you worrying about the prospects of a reliable recovery!
= Take distributed data backup off communication networks.
= Eliminate the need for distributed backup servers.
= Ensure backup no longer constrains production.
= Empower Open Systems backup with System z RAS.
= Employ your existing mainframe tape management & security.
FDRSOSand FlashCopy or TimeFinder, lets you keep
critical and revenue generating applications online without
compromising information security.
FDRSOSno other solution has the capability of using
high performance Systems z FICON channels to directly read
and write the same disk volumes used by the Open Systems
business applications on DS8700 and VMAX storage.
FDRSOSprovides the ultimate in z/OS distributed data
protection and disaster recovery for Linux on System z, AIX,
Linux x86-64, NetWare, OES2, UNIX and Windows.
FDRSOScan help you consolidate hundreds of distributed
Open Systems backup servers onto one z/OS backup server
running on System z.
For More Information and a No-Obligation FREE Trial
contact: 973-890-7300, sales@fdrinnovation.com or
visit: www.innovationdp.fdr.com
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Marketing
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Software Product Manager
DB2 for z/OS Program Offerings
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Vice President,
System z Global sales
IBM Systems & Technology Group
DORIS CONTI
System z Strategy Manager
PAUL DIMARZIO
STG System z Brand,
Enterprise Integration Strategy
JOE DORIA
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IBM System z
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Senior Certied Consulting IT
Software Specialist
Data Warehouse for System z
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Technology Group
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Global Major Markets
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Design and Development, Tivoli
System Automation Technologies
KURT JOHNSON
System z Market Management
and Marketing Strategy
GREG LOTKO
Vice president and business-
line executive, System z
ALLEN MARIN
IBM System Storage Enterprise
Disk Marketing
MARY MOORE
STG Business Resilience
Offerings
DOUG PEARSON
Manager, System z Platform
Marketing
JIM PORELL
IBM Distinguished Engineer
System z Business Development
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Whats the strangest interview
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moved here, what would
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Can you name ve uses
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Communicating whats
next in IBM technology
P
H
O
T
O
G
R
A
P
H

B
Y

T
R
A
V
I
S

A
N
D
E
R
S
O
N
O
K, Ill admit that during the
cold winter months Im a bit
of a couch potato. While other
Minnesotans are out snow shoeing,
skiing or sledding, Im under a blanket
eating popcorn and watching television.
However, there are only so many shows
and movies I can watch before it gets
monotonous. Thats why one of my
new obsessions is on-demand movies.
I subscribe to a service that allows me
one DVD per month, and unlimited
movies streaming though the Internet.
I recently discovered a new feature
of this service. Based on the rating I
give movies, the rental service predicts
other movies Id like. Most of the time,
when Ive seen a recommended movie,
even the predicted rating (out of five
stars) is spot on!
When reading the articles for
this issue, I began to think about
the technology enabling these
recommendations. Its a perfect
example of IBMs approach to smarter
analytics; it goes beyond collecting and
responding to business information,
and takes it one step further to analyze
the information and predict future
business patterns. Get the overview on
this approach in the Think Smarter
column on page 18. Youll also find
articles about SPSS offerings that help
discover patterns in data (page 32) and
the cost effectiveness of Cognos* on
System z* servers (page 36). Based on
my experience with previous issues, I
think this is one youll rate at five stars.
Natalie Boike, Managing Editor
Training for Health
Kathy Konkel, author of the
cover story, spends her spare
time running and training for
triathlons. Three years ago she
couldnt swim the length of a
pool, and now
can swim close
to a mile in
open water.
She also
completed her first marathon in
Chicago last year.
Not so Koi
On warm summer evenings, Jim
Utsler, IBM Systems Magazines
senior writer, and his wife like to
relax next to their koi pond. The
fish, which arent actually koi but of
the less-expensive comet variety,
survive the Michigan winter thanks
to a heater and bubbler that keep
the water open.
Predicting a Good Read
CONTRIBUTORS
Contact Natalie at nboike@msptechmedia.com
M A R C H / A P R I L 2 0 1 1 i b m s y s t e m s m a g . c o m / m a i n f r a m e 12
Editors
Desk
Inside this
months issue
14
Dashboard
News
to use
Charging
Ahead
Before electric vehicle sales can take
off, auto companies must address the
roadblocks revealed in a 2010 IBM
study: performance, recharging and
convenience. The IBM Institute for
Business Value surveyed 1,700 U.S.
drivers and interviewed more than
100 auto industry executives. Only
19 percent of drivers said they would
consider purchasing an electric-only
vehicle when shopping for a new car.
Source: IBM
Facebook use continues to exceed its own records. In November,
online intelligence company Hitwise reported Facebook.com
generates nearly one in four U.S. page views. Just eight months
prior, Facebook page views overtook Google.com visits.
Source: Hitwise Weblogs
Patent Not Pending
IBM inventors received nearly 6,000 U.S. patents in 2010, topping the list of
the worlds most innovative companies for the 18th consecutive year.
Patents range from a new method for processing patient information to provide more
effective diagnoses, to computer communication via pulses of light. IBM invests
approximately $6 billion in research and development annually.
Source: IBM
Predicting
Trafc Jams
IBM has partnered with the New Jersey
Turnpike Authority to provide smarter traffic
data to drivers. Instead of simple real-time
reporting of accidents, bottlenecks and
dangerous conditions, IBM software will predict
traffic patterns up to an hour in advance for
state roadways, including the New Jersey
Turnpike and Garden State Parkway.
Source: New York Times
Albuquerque, N.M.
population 521,999
Al buquer que uses an I BM Cognos
business-intelligence soluti on to help
i ts 7,000 employees collect data and
share i nformati on among more t han
20 departments, from public safet y to
libraries. The solution, which officials say
has cut administrative costs by about 2,000
percent, also helps bring information to
residents through an extranet.
Dubuque, Iowa
population 57,250
IBM is building a platform that will give
Dubuque a real-time view of energy
consumed by the electric grid, water
system and general city services. The
city is also augmenting water meters
with a device that increases accuracy
and helps consumers identify waste,
and will offer financial incentives to fix
leaks. Policy makers and consumers will
benefit from a new services system that
IBM Research created to provide data
management and analytics.
In 1900, only 13 percent of humans lived in cities. By 2008, cities had attracted
half of the worlds population, and in 2050, 70 percent of us will be urbanites.
Our growing congregation in cities, their relatively manageable scale and their
adaptability to local needs make them perfect testing grounds for instrumented
systems, sustainable energy initiatives and data-enhanced services. Here are
some of the ambitious ways cities are leading us into the future.
PUBLIC SAFETY ENERGY AND UTILITIES HEALTHCARE GOVERNMENT SERVICES WATER TRANSPORTATION
50,000-100,000
100,000-250,000
250,000-500,000
500,000-1 million
7 million-8 million
10 million +
Smarter Cities
L ARGE AND SMAL L
CITY POPULATION
Chesapeake, Va.
population 225,255
As part of a citywide capital-improvement
project, IBM will help Chesapeake enhance
services ranging from maintaining and
operating traffic signals and water systems
to managing police and fire departments.
A large city in terms of area, Chesapeake
has more miles of deep-water canals than
any other U.S. city, making it complex to
manage. Technology will help address this
complexit y by collecting and analyzing
dat a t o make t ranspor t at i on, ut i l i t y
management and public safety systems
adapt to dynamic conditions.
Sacramento, Calif.
population 463,794
Wastewater agencies in Californias capital
can predict and solve equipment problems
before they affect citizens and businesses.
IBM software manages 98 pump stations,
3,000 miles of mainlines and 279,000
service connections with help from a
mapping system, control meters and live
video of the sewer pipes.
Data Display Visualizing
technology
16
Sao Paulo, Brazil
population 11,037,593
In the Paraguay-Paran river system, which
provides drinking water for Sao Paulo, IBM
researchers and the Nature Conservancy
are running 3-D simulations that model how
land-use and water-policy scenarios will
affect biodiversity. The goal is to protect the
river basin, and therefore the water supply,
by making informed decisions.
Amsterdam, Netherlands
population 762,057
In a pilot program, smart-metering systems
will enable 500 households to save on
energy costs and reduce CO2 emissions
by an estimated 14 percent. IBM, Cisco
and Dutch utility Nuon will develop home
energy-management applications and highly
secure data connections between household
appliances and the grid.
Bolzano, Italy
population 102,880
Bolzano is in the midst of a one-year program
to test remote health monitoring for the
elderly. A group of 30 seniors is participating
in the Secure Living pilot to introduce
telemonitoring and teleassistance to the
homebound. A net of integrated sensors
will send data about the assisted person
to a control room, and the solution can
suggest tutored physical training, exercises
to stretch mental faculties or contacting
a health worker. If necessary, a medical
team is alerted.
Shenyang, China
Shenyang, an industrial hub with a
concentration of heavy manufacturing,
has an ambitious plan to address
environmental pressures. In a partnership
with IBM and Northeastern University, the
city has established the Shenyang Eco-City
Research Institute to develop technology
that helps cities cut carbon emissions,
conserve energy, manage water, track
food from farm to fork, smarten up
transportation and create environmental-
emergency response plans. For example,
the Institute will analyze a flood of real-
time data from the citys water systems
to guide decisions about water quality and
energy used for water management.
Guangzhou, China
Guangzhou Metro Corporation, which
serves more than 2 million passengers
daily on the citys rapid transit, aims
to make its system environmentally
sustainable and intelligent. Efficiency
depends on complete visibility across
assets to provide safe, uninterrupted
services. Guangzhou Metro has con-
tracted with I BM for a system to
manage its software, services and
physical assets including tracks,
carriages, advertising spots and sta-
tion shops.
Stockholm, Sweden
population 825,057
Af ter Swedes voted to reduce traf fi c
through taxation, IBM built and installed
an advanced optical character-recognition
system to help the cit y charge drivers
who enter its congestion zonean area
traditionally plagued by gridlock. Morning
traffic-queuing times are half what they used
to be, city traffic is down by 18 percent and
CO2 emissions are down 14-18 percent,
according to city officials.
Dublin, Ireland
population 505,739
Irelands Railway Procurement Agency
and IBM have integrated ticketing across
all public transport in greater Dublin. The
e-payment system, which can process up
to 2 million transactions a day, lets riders
use one prepaid card on all buses, trains,
trams and coaches.
Source: IBM
Taunton Deane, U.K.
population 108,700
The Taunton Deane Borough Council is part
of a rare three-agency partnership to improve
service delivery and upgrade technology.
Southwest Onea joint venture of Taunton
Deane, Somerset County, and Avon and
Somerset Policehas enlisted IBMs help
in ambitious projects that none of the three
entities could have achieved on its own.
i b m s y s t e m s m a g . c o m / m a i n f r a m e M A R C H / A P R I L 2 0 1 1
17
18
Picturing Success
W
ith business analytics, the more information you
have, the clearer you see, says Bernie Spang,
director of strategy and marketing, IBM Database
Software and Systems. The explosive growth of information
todayresulting from intelligent devices, sensors, cameras,
the Internet and moreis an opportunity to more clearly see
the business opportunities to pursue, wasteful spending to
cut and risks to manage or avoid.
Capture insight from
real-time operational
data with smart
analytics systems
By Natalie Boike
To leverage information and
realize these benefits, companies
must employ a successful analytics
solution that includes software for
business intelligence (BI), data mining,
text analysis and cubing capabilities,
which are all tightly integrated and
optimized with the data warehousing
and hardware foundation, Spang
says. To accomplish this, IBM offers
workload-optimized systems designed
to transform information into real
business insight in a time frame that
matters to your organization. In all
of the cases Ive heard, clients say they
receive one, two or all three of the
following benefits: lowering costs,
reducing or eliminating risk, and
growing revenue, he says.
The Smart Analytics System,
available on Power Systems* servers,
eX5 systems and System z* mainframes,
combines InfoSphere* Warehouse
and Cognos* BI software with IBM
servers and storage to create tuned and
balanced business-analytics solutions
that can be easily customized for any
industry and expanded to add data and
user capacity. Its got IBM expertise
built in, Spang says. Weve applied
warehousing, business intelligence,
server and storage expertise from
three generations of solutions and 15
years to create an optimal balance of
Think
Smarter
Future-proofng
your environment
i b m s y s t e m s m a g . c o m / m a i n f r a m e J U L Y / A U G U S T 2 0 1 0
19
capabilities. This saves our clients from
investing time and money to put those
pieces together themselves.
Components for Smart Analytics
A successful business-analytics
solution must have three core
competencies, Spang says.
Reliable, high-performance
data management. Analytics requires
data-warehouse software that delivers
access to structured and unstructured
information in real time. The InfoSphere
Warehouse, powered by DB2*, not only
manages the data but also speeds systems
deployment and optimizes data delivery
using data partitioning, compression,
workload and performance management.
Integrated and governed

information throughout the data
lifecycle. IBM solutions ensure you
have trusted information feeding your
analytics. If youre not sure of the
quality and reliability of the information
and whether or not its being handled
properly, your results are in jeopardy,
Spang says.
High-performance analytics.
Once youve gathered and stored the data,
you can begin using the knowledge it
contains. Leveraging database-oriented
data mining and text analytics with IBMs
Cognos 8 BI capabilities, executives, line
managers, business analysts and IT staff
can leverage the right information in a
manner thats right for their needs.
Picture Increased Business
Combined, these capabilities help
businesses find actionable insights
in mountains of data, such as how
to respond to customer preferences
or predict outcomes. For example,
tracking purchase history via a loyalty
membership program, companies
can analyze client demographics and
behavior along with market trends.
A retail company could use this
information to not only create a
direct-marketing campaign, but also to
do predictive analytics on its success.
Spang says, With predictive analysis,
you can identify what kind of response
rate and revenue you can expect, and
make a decision thats best for the
marketing dollars.
Picture Efficient Processes
While the role of analytics in decision
making is well known, more companies
are tapping information to improve
business-process management (BPM).
Insight, or business analytics, and action,
or BPM, are two sides of the same coin,
Spang says. The multiplying effect
comes when these two capabilities are in
the hands of the business analystswho
use an integrated discipline to
continuously drive growth, reduce costs
and increase business agility across the
organization, he adds.
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IBMs BPM suite contains a
comprehensive set of collaborative, role-
based capabilities that enable clients to
model, simulate, execute, rapidly change,
monitor and optimize core business
processes. Software and services from
across IBM create a workload-optimized
system, available in three editions: IBM
WebSphere* Dynamic Process Edition,
IBM WebSphere Lombardi Edition and
IBM FileNet* Business Process Manager.
Extending BPM to BI users,
companies can make information and
insight readily actionable and become a
more responsive, flexible organization.
In retail, accurately pinpointing the
right client enables marketers to create
an optimal offer that can be deployed
as an online retail campaign in minutes
rather than days, Spang says.
Spang outlines some common
customer-adoption patterns to that leve-
rage BPM for improved business results:
` Integrate historical and real-time
processes
`Use data to drive process
improvement
`Link process execution with
financial results for end-to-end
optimization
`Deliver BI at key decision points
within operational processes to improve
and automate decision making
`Respond more quickly and
effectively to changing market conditions
`Provide complete business
visibilityboth insight and action
Picture Reduced Risk
Companies can also manage and
prevent risk using fraud-detection
offerings like InfoSphere Identity
Insight. Spang explains the technology
to analyze information about identities,
people or businesses originated in Las
Vegas, where casinos used it to screen
employees before hiring them.
Identity Insight helps companies
determine accurate identities and
uncovers relationships among
identities. It can apply complex event
processing to that knowledge to
evaluate all of the transactions related
to those individuals or businesses.
Spang says IBM social-service clients,
for example, use it to better understand
their citizens and thus offer better
services. Retailers use it to identify
fraudulent claims.

Develop Insight in Real Time
Performance of these analytics systems
is key in two areas. People often think
of the warehouse performance and
access to data. Indeed, systems must
handle the ever-growing volume of
information, the number of users and
the types of analysis those users are
demanding, Spang says.
Companies must efficiently deploy
and maintain these solutions. Spang
said one of his first experiences was
with a healthcare insurance provider
that complained of performance issues.
I studied up on feeds and speeds of the
Innovative
Information Analytics
IBM has a long history with analytics. Here are a few of the milestones:
An IBM researcher invents
the relational database in
a project called System R,
which was designed to find
answers from data.
Think Smarter
1969
IBM creates the unstructured
information management
architecture, which is today
a standard for analyzing
unstructured data.
2004
IBM introduces InfoSphere
BigInsights, which leverages
software from the open-
source Apache project
Hadoop to gather and
analyze the vast amounts of
structured and unstructured
information available online.
2010
System S, an IBM Research
project for analyzing streams
of information, is brought
to market as InfoSphere*
Streams, analyzing data as it
flows through the system.
2008
Todays technology could be
considered the third generation of
business intelligence, says Bernie
Spang, director of strategy and
marketing, IBM Database Software
and Systems. The first generation
was marked by creating data
warehouses to bring data together
and run reports for relatively few
business leaders. Next, people
wanted more information from their
data. Online analytics programming
enabled business analysts to
interact with the data and ask
questions of it, in addition to
creating the standard reports.
Now is the generation of
operational analytics, he explains.
Information can be empowering and
moves the focus from sense and
respond to predict and act.
You want to enable everyone in your
organization, even your partners and
customers, to have greater insight
involved in every transaction, in every
business process, as its happening,
Spang adds.
N.B.
21
Natalie Boike is managing
editor for IBM Systems Magazine,
Mainframe edition.
No End in Sight
Spang says as the increase in
information continues, so does the
appetite for analytics. As technology
has advanced, weve made it easier for
more business users to analyze more
information and apply more kinds of
analytics than ever before, he explains.
The more they get, the more they
want: more data, more types of analysis.
I see this as the relative beginning of an
explosive growth of applying analytics
to improve business results.
software and all of our great offerings
for high-performance analytics, he
says. When I got there the CIO was
talking about the performance of
his teams and the ability to respond
to business needs fast enough. The
business was acquiring new companies
with data that needed to be folded
in and analyzed more quickly. The
more the users had analytics, the more
questions they had.
With a solid base in high-
performing IBM servers, storage, BI
and data warehousing software, the
Smart Analytics System meets these
key performance requirements. Were
working to integrate our software
with our hardware and into tuned and
balanced systems, Spang says.
Unmatched Integration
and Experience
The scope and depth of the IBM
portfolio and IBMs holistic approach
to data analyticsfrom collection
and management, to integration and
analysissets it apart from other
offerings. IBM delivers smarter
systems that are integrated and
optimized from the processor to the
application and does so based on a
deep understanding of business
needs and the workloads that support
the organization.
When we work with clients,
we work to solve their most pressing
problem, but we do it with an eye to
where they ultimately want to go,
Spang says.
IBM BPM Suite: www.ibm.com/software/info/bpm/offerings.html
IBM Smart Analytics System: www.ibm.com/software/data/infosphere/smart-analytics-system
22
Transitioning Workforce
O
ne semi-retired guy is the only person I have
who can pull us from a failure of one of our most
important applications.
This statement, from an application
support leader at a North American
bank, drives home the realities many
mainframe-centric businesses face,
whether business leaders realize it or
not. While the media, hardware vendors
and modernization service providers
theorize about a shortage of mainframe
workers, IT leaders responsible for
meeting the worlds most stringent
service level agreements (SLAs) face
real situations everyday with only a
limited number stop-gap fixes left, and
no ground-level plan for implementing
long-term fixes.
The Established Barriers
Mainframes, and the time-tested
applications they run, provide
differentiating value to the worlds
largest businesses. Even if it were
possible to relocate these applications
to another platform, it would take a
brave (some would say crazy) IT leader
to move away from the security and
reliability of the mainframe to perform
the massive number of transactions a
single system accommodates on a daily
basisoften well above the 20 million-
per-day mark.
The reality is, it isnt that easy.
Most legacy applications cant just
be relocated and magically run in a
new environment. They often must
be rewritten, modernized or even
scrapped altogether. This takes
resources away from developing new
revenue-generating capabilities, which
Insider
Insights from
the industry
Agnostic development
tools support
mainframe-centric
businesses
By Rose Rowe
23
in todays economic climate just isnt
good business.
The good news is mainframe
computing is changing to accommodate
evolving business practices. In the spirit
of if you cant beat em, join em,
the mainframe, in particular the IBM
zEnterprise* System, has expanded
its architecture to accommodate
customers who must provide services
using many delivery platforms while
maintaining the level of service the end
user has grown to expect.
The bad news is perceptions
remain a barrier to a full-steam-
ahead strategy in IT organizations.
Outdated perceptions about mainframe
computing and its interoperability
with other systems often deter senior
managers from considering strategies
to develop new services outward from
the core business applications.
These barriers often leave
application support leaders stranded
somewhere between meeting daily SLA
requirements and the timely delivery
of new capabilitieswith only a
dwindling staff that has the knowledge
base to do the work. Many options
exist to work through these barriers,
real and perceived, to enable businesses
to expand their services through a
technology strategy that will also
enable application support leaders to
meet those daily requirements.
A Platform-Agnostic
Perspective
This is already a reality for non-IT
line-of-business staff. They just want
new services on the devices they
prefer. Whether its a mobile device, a
website or a more traditional service,
the business user wants quality and
dependability, regardless of how
IT delivers it.
Fortunately, its becoming
easier for IT to work on multiple
platforms. Consider the following: any
business that relies on a mainframe
to deliver mission-critical services
to its customers is likely storing 80
percent or more of its data on the
mainframe. With Web-oriented
architectures (WOAs) and service
oriented architecture (SOAs), newer
programming languages can easily
integrate data on the mainframe
with application logic on other
platforms. With true platform-agnostic
capabilities, the focus can turn to
maximizing ease of use and accessibility
for line-of-business users.
The same ease-of-use principles
can be applied to application
development. Programming tools can
DTS Software, Inc. announces
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MCC provides a wide range of components
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To learn more about improving your VTL efciency,
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24
Insider
service and not on execution, and the
time to market for the new capability
is greatly reduced.
Getting Started
Implementing flexible environments
that enable development on any
platform is a pain-free start for
organizations. In the recent past,
organizations were faced with an either/
or choice of development environments.
The choice of environment either
deterred nonmainframe developers or
reduced the efficiency of its seasoned
mainframe-development teams.
Today, environment isnt such
a concern. Many best-of-breed tools
are available through open-source
development environments, which are
familiar to seasoned professionals and
new developers alike. The flexibility
of being able to choose a character-
based green screen also ensures an
organizations most senior staff
arent hindered.
For most developers, learning
to develop in multiple languages is
nothing new. Ask that same developer
to use a new environment (especially
a character-based environment), and
not only is it no longer appealing to do
the job, but the developers ability to
do the job will also be hindered. With
the no-cost option of open source and
the flexibility to choose environments,
addressing the development
environment is an easy first step.
Enabling this cross-platform
data manipulation is essential for
mainframe-centric organizations. Yes,
80 percent or more of their data is likely
platforms, hardware and applications
that deliver those services. Instead
of having individual experts who
understand the logic of specific
applications or who work entirely on a
single platform, IT can develop teams
of experts who understand the logic
used to deliver the service as a whole.
Put this into practical operations
and it will reduce time to market
for new services.
For example, consider a business
line manager who wants to include
loan applications in the banks mobile
banking services. In todays operations,
this request would be divided among
three platform teams and multiple
application development teams
or individuals. Numerous project
meetings and many testing points
would be necessary to ensure these
disparate teams are in step with each
other as independent development
decisions are implemented. While these
checkpoints are necessary to ensure a
quality end product, the business line
manager has little insight into the true
progress of the service being developed
and may be dismayed by the length of
time from request to implementation.
With platform-agnostic
development teams, checkpoints are
reduced to inner team collaboration.
Development decisions can take
each platform and application into
account from within the team. This
helps the team remain focused on
the service itself as the endpoint.
Ultimately, the business line manager
has greater insight into the project,
the development team is focused on
be a barrier to attracting top talent to
work on applications that are important
to the business. Traditional character-
based green screens used for mainframe
development are unappealing to the
uninitiated for many reasons, starting
with the drain on productivity as
developers who are new to it stumble
through its perceived limitations.
Modern development environ-
ments that invoke best-of-breed tools,
regardless of platform, are available to
reduce (and possibly eliminate) these
productivity concerns and learning
curves. These environments allow
a new generation of developers and
progressive veterans to work on a
businesss most important applications
with minimal friction. They also
enable the application support leader
to task existing resources to shadow
the partially retired resource without
concern for the added overhead of
learning a legacy
develepment environment.
Streamlining Development
In the future, IT leaders can focus on
the capabilities and services delivered
by technology rather than on the
Many best-of-breed tools are
available through open-source development
environments, which are familiar to seasoned
professionals and new developers alike.
than invest limited resources into IT
projects with no resulting business
gain, organizations should consider
evolving with their workforce and
enabling their IT resources to take a
business view of technology-enabled
services that will drive revenue and
growth. The results will mean more
services are brought to market more
quickly and IT will be better aligned
with business with fewer constraints
on future growth.
25
stored on the mainframe. But even
this data is stored in various databases
and different formats. Organizations
spend a great deal of their resources
gathering and storing data. Its essential
for the business line manager to
utilize the data toward the success of
a project without being delayed by its
need to be converted or its inability
to be utilized along with other forms
of data. Development teams focused
on services require access to this data
quickly, using standard procedures for
gathering the data to safely test their
new services.
Lastly, its reasonable for
organizations to insist that their
application-development tools
integrate code-analysis functionality.
This delivers practical guidance
and insights to the application staff
working with the code as they need
Rose Rowe is the vice
president of mainframe
strategy for Compuware
and is responsible for the development
and market strategy of Compuwares
mainframe solutions.
it. Even relatively inexperienced
developers will have key insight
into the function, structure and
deficiencies of the undocumented
programs they must soon maintain
and enhance.
Nothing will quickly replace the
experience of our semi-retired guy.
In lieu of funding a position to shadow
this professional, other developers
require insight into the applications
functionality before they can efficiently
support it or build upon it.
Removing Platform Constraints
Its fair to say this article is written
from a mainframe perspective, but
ultimately there shouldnt be a battle
between platforms. While resources are
tight and funding for business growth
is scarce, enabling a transitioning
workforce makes great sense. Rather
26
Mind the Gap
A
s service oriented architectures (SOAs) have evolved,
so have the technologies and languages that support
these Web services. For a business to fully leverage
its data, it must be mindful of the gap between the records
themselves and the services that rely on them.
The splintered infrastructures
used to store, manage and expose data
make it difficult to effectively use
information to its full potential. The
integration of WebSphere* DataPower *
and the zEnterprise* System extend the
security and integration capabilities to a
multiplatform architectureultimately
improving XML/Web services and SOA
integrations, security and throughput,
while lowering costs and time to market
for new services.
IBM recognizes the importance
of sharing and integrating data across
platforms, says Gari Singh, IBM
product manager of SOA Appliances.
XML is that interoperable dialect,
but most of data is still sorted and
stored in different formats. DataPower
transforms and exposes that content as
XML from the native formatsuch as
CICS*so it can be implemented on
the Web or given to consumers
or systems.
A Brief History
WebSphere DataPower has been
meeting SOA, security and integration
needs since IBM acquired DataPower
and its XML-integration technologies
in 2005. The WebSphere DataPower
Integration Appliance XI50 for
zEnterpise (XI50z), announced Feb.
12, extends its capabilities.
Trends
Industry signals
to keep you in
the know
DataPower support for
zEnterprise extends
its multiplatform
capabilities
By Natalie Boike
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task. DataPower enables customers to
process those requirements quickly and
easily. A typical proof of concept can
be completed in two to five days and
implementations are very quick. He
adds, From a management perspective,
the new DataPower XI50z is a self-
contained box that can be managed like
a network device.
This secure, scalable, easy-to-
deploy ESB allows customers to:
hGrow infrastructure without
increasing complexity
hProtect applications and data
structures
hSecurely and quickly
Web-enable a System z environment
hUtilize previously unconnected
applications, information and people
hManage policies for mission-
critical applications
Businesses can use DataPower to
engage in emerging spaces like social
networking, cloud computing and
Software as a Service (SaaS) to reach
new markets and expand reuse of legacy
resources and data.
The Significance of System z
For many customers, the System z
server is the system of record for data
and systems because of the built-in
features like performance, scalability,
security and more, Singh says. With
the introduction of the multiplatform
zEnterprise System, many other needs
and different types of applications in the
distributed world can also benefit from
integrating with the System z server-
housed information and applications.
The zEnterprise System takes
it to the next generation, he says.
DataPower already adds great value
by integrating logically with software
running on System z. The zEnteprise
System enables the integration of
special-purpose optimizers. Now Im
able to manage my DataPower and
other appliances just like theyre part of
System z and get all of the great benefits
of being able to connect that to the
distributed world.
The DataPower XI50z is designed
to meet SOA security and integration
needs; its about having an ESB thats
secure and provides integration, with
a low total cost of ownership and high
performance and throughput. What
this offering really allows you to do is
truly expand capabilities of
System z solutions out into the
distributed world. It enables you
to do more with lessfewer
physical resources and with less
managementand do so
more quickly.
At its inception, DataPower used
native compilation technologies to
optimize processing of XML data into
HTML, wireless markup language
(WML) and other markup languages.
The offering was a hardware-based
appliance optimized for handling
XML processing, schema processing
and transformation. IBM paired it
with WebSphere Application Server to
essentially provide a security gateway,
offload XML processing and have a
highly configurable, higher-performance
enterprise service bus (ESB).
Singh says these capabilities are
still in high demand. Customers
obviously want to do more with less.
The architecture and feature needs
are still there and the fact that we
do it in the clients form factor gives
us manageability, performance and
consolidation.
Implementing DataPower
At the highest level, the greatest
business benefit of the DataPower
Integration Appliance is the time
to market and time to value, Singh
explains. For example, a bank may have
customer data stored on
System z* servers that should be
exposed to the Web services for online
banking, or to distributed systems for
internal applications such as customer
relationship management (CRM). Singh
says numerous project requirements
are necessary to accomplish either
DataPower is one of several high-performance specialty processors for
specific workloads available for the zEnterprise System. For additional information,
visit www.ibm.com/systems/z/hardware/zenterprise/index.html.
Natalie Boike is managing
editor for IBM Systems
Magazine, Mainframe edition.
Martin Kennedy, Citigroup Inc.s
managing director of enterprise-
systems infrastructure, says the
mainframe provides the highest
levels of security.
29
W
hether for internal or external reasons,
most organizations require data be
backed up and available for disaster-
recovery or business-continuity purposes. In
particular, financial institutions are often held to a
higher standard because of the sensitive nature of
the data they handle.
Although most customers dont see the
detailed processing that happens in the background,
the fact that we can tell them that their data is
being managed with the highest levels of integrity,
availability and security is a big plus, says Martin
Kennedy, Citigroup Inc.s managing director of
enterprise-systems infrastructure.
Thats why Citi created a backup environment
many would consider best-in-class, using four
IBM System z10* Business Class (BC) machines
as dedicated mechanisms for backing up the
companys myriad servers and systems. Combined
with INNOVATION Data Processings FDR/
UPSTREAM and UPSTREAM/SOS, their design
not only ensures proper backups, but also optimizes
CPU usage and network bandwidth.
The traditional backup model limits backups
to an off-hour window because of the high CPU
and bandwidth requirements, says Kennedy.
With our modelwith the data moving through
a dedicated SAN [storage area network] fabric and
not over TCP/IPyou can pretty much schedule
backups whenever you want without impacting
production applications and workflow.
A Sound
Investment
Citigroup tames its
backup environment with
dedicated mainframes
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30
A Cost-Effective Mechanism
Citi is a global provider of consumer,
corporate and investment-banking
products and services. Its many brands
include Citibank, CitiMortgage, Citi
Cards and Women & Co. Citi operates
in more than 160 countries and handles
around 200 million customer accounts.
With such a large presence,
youd expect it to have a large IT
infrastructure, and it does. It runs
servers of all types, including IBM
mainframes and Power Systems*, Linux*
(stand-alone on System z*), Windows*
and UNIX* OS-based machines. These
boxes handle core functions: serving
customer accounts, running business-
intelligence applications or supporting
internal back-office accounting
functions. They all produce a huge
amount of data, most of which is backed
up, stored and ready for recovery for
regulatory or internal purposes.
This data is vital to Citis everyday
operations. Thats why the company
put so much effort into creating a
seamless data-retention model: from
point-of-origin to vaulted storage. But
things werent always so efficient, as
Kennedy explains.
Back in 1996, we were
dealing with our first large
data warehouse with around
20 terabytes of data, which
was large for that time, he
says. We would have to break
backups into 20 separate components,
20 separate servers and 20 separate
tape libraries. We only had one
window in which to do that, typically
on Sunday afternoons: the only time
we could take a machine down for
system backup. We struggled with that
quite a bit.
Thats probably an under-
statement given the scale of the
organization and the growth in the
amount of data it was collecting.
Network bandwidth, for example,
became an issue, forcing Citis IT staff
to tune the network continuously to
accommodate increased traffic. This
affected everyday operations as data
movement competed with typical
application transactions.
We revisited our backup
architecture, Kennedy recalls.
As a result, we considered using
INNOVATION tools, including
FDR/UPSTREAM and
UPSTREAM/SOS, both
of which would allow us to
move data in a more robust
environment. No sooner
had we converted to EMC
and INNOVATION than
our issues related to backups
almost literally disappeared.
These improvements
resulted in part because a SAN
fabric and transfer devices
had been introduced into the
storage environment. Using this
SAN, Citi IT staff could bypass
the production network and run
backups whenever they were
scheduled, without worrying
about a network bottleneck and
reduced application response
times. This also held true
with its Linux on System z
instances, with UPSTREAM/
SOS passing these mainframe-
Headquarters: New York City
Business: Global provider of financial
products and services for consumers,
corporations, governments and institutions
Challenge: Improving data-backup
processing
Solution: Using four IBM System z10
Business Class machines as dedicated
backup servers and INNOVATION Data
Processings FDR/UPSTREAM and
FDRSOS to automate backups
Hardware: Four IBM System z10
Business Class servers
Software: INNOVATION Data
Processings FDR/UPSTREAM
and FDRSOS
based backups over System z FICON*
and Fibre Channel Protocol (FCP)
channels rather than over the network.
Ordinarily FDR/UPSTREAM
pushes distributed backups to
mainframe-based tape or DASD, but
CUSTOMER: Citigroup Inc.
they allowed Citi to use
LPARs on its mainframe
systems to channel
backups. This meant the
organizations previously
distributed backup model
for its largest and most
complex servers could
be consolidated to fewer
systems and therefore
fewer backup media.
This is a very cost-effective
backup mechanism, Kennedy says.
We were able to leverage the
mainframe tape infrastructure, which
allowed us to make the most of our
cartridges by filling them with data that
had like retention requirements. That
can be difficult to do in a distributed
backup environment, where overall
cartridge utilization of unexpired data
tended to be lower. Managing cartridge
utilization is key to managing the overall
cost of a backup solution.
An Important Characteristic
Other organizations may have been
satisfied with these improvements, but
not Citi. When IBM announced the
System z10 BC machines, Citi decided
to further bolster its backup model by
dedicating these boxesone located
at each of the corporations primary
North American data centerspurely
for backup purposes. This would allow
the organization to move all of its
backup loads for its largest servers off
its production systems.
Citi installed one z10 BC at each
of its main North American data
centers, with the boxes supporting the
local backup requirements for large
servers at these data centers. When
a group wants to add a server to the
backup schedule, it fills out a change-
management template that identifies
what it wants backed up, how often
they want it backed up and what the
retention period is for the backup. At
that point, someone in the distributed
backup team creates an FDR/
UPSTREAM job and schedules it
according to user requirements.
Initial backups are of the
full system. Following that, daily
incremental backups take place,
with FDR/UPSTREAM looking to
copy only the files that have changed
since the previous backup. Once a
week, merged backups combine the
incrementals to create a new, full-system
weekly backup.
Those weekly backups can take
place outside the typical window for
server backups, and we dont have to
be connected to the server to do that,
Kennedy says. This is in contrast to
many backup models, where you have
to be connected to the server. Now we
can drive those business class machines
24 hours a day with productive work
without impacting the servers that are
being managed by those machines. Its
all very efficient.
Citi can now also aggregate
backups based on retention. In the
past, different backups with different
retention rates were stacked on top of
each other. Sometimes tapes were kept
in storage because, even though one
servers retention-based backup may
have expired, others hadnt.
You might end up with a situation
where 60 or 70 percent of the data on a
tape might be expired, but you couldnt
reuse that tape because the other 30
or 40 percent had not yet expired,
Kennedy says. You ended up with
tape capacity you couldnt reclaim.
Since FDR/UPSTREAM uses more
traditional mainframe tape-management
mechanisms, we can now stack data so
when data on the tape has expired, the
tape is immediately available for reuse.
This data is encrypted as its
written to tape, some 650 TB a month,
according to Citis Jim Jurasin, vice
president of enterprise systems
infrastructure. The encryption
process occurs on the organizations
IBM tape drives instead of on the
System z10 BC machines. This
reduces CPU overhead, which
allows the mainframes to run
their jobs without taking
performance hits. Citi has also
implemented disk encryption on
the backup servers to ensure the
environment is completely secured
from the time the data goes to disk and
then to tape, Kennedy adds.
Thats an important characteristic
for us, he continues. We have a lot
of very sensitive data around here, so
its critical that we make it as secure
as possible, and IBM has some strong
algorithms built into the machines, as
well as crypto engines and certificate
management.
Exceeding Expectations
Citis customers probably dont think
about this type of back-end processing,
but if they did, theyd be impressed
at the measures the corporation has
taken to make sure their data is backed
up, safe and secure. Additionally,
this streamlined backup model has
also benefitted the corporation itself.
Backups that run on the BC machines
no longer bog down the corporations
traditional networks, servers dont
have to be taken offline when theyre
being backed up, backup media is
being used more efficiently and
automated processes have reduced
backup administration. In the end, its
all about Citis customers and their
service expectationswhich are now
more than being met.
31
Jim Utsler, IBM Systems
Magazine senior writer,
has been covering
technology for nearly 20 years.
IBM has some strong
algorithms built into
the machines, as well as
crypto engines and
certi cate management.
Managing director of enterprise-systems infrastructure, Citigroup Inc.

Predictive analytics enable higher-
quality decisions, measurably better
outcomes and a higher ROI.
Deploying on System z servers
ensures analytic processes are secure,
transparent and compliant.
IBM provides an end-to-end
business analytics solution that can
scale to meet business needs.
TAKEAWAY:
I
BM offers strong capabilities in information management,
reporting and analysis. A merger with SPSS in 2009 further
enables customers to drive competitive action from both
structured and unstructured data. SPSS was an early driver of
predictive analytics and influenced its emergence on the market; now
its an established leader in the field. This IBM companys predictive-
analytics offerings provide organizations a distinct advantage as
analytics becomes a mainstay in todays gridlocked marketplace.
The IBM SPSS predictive-analytics software portfolio combines
various capabilities that integrate multiple data sources for statistical,
mathematical and other algorithmic analyses and predictive
modelingalong with an infrastructure that helps organizations
effectively deploy predictions. The results are higher-quality
decisions, measurably better outcomes and a higher ROI.
Business analytics combines the forward-looking
capacities of predictive analytics with the data-exploration
and reporting capabilities of business-intelligence
applications. Because it gives organizations the power to
use their rich stores of data in many different ways,
business analytics is at the heart of providing business
insight; its the engine that drives better outcomes.
The Real ROI
Organizations that invest in predictive analytics improve their
capability to gain detailed insight into present conditions and to
evaluate likely future events and outcomes. They quickly identify
ways to improve business performance by cutting costs, minimizing
risk and developing successful strategies for increasing revenue.
They often outperform their peers. Not surprisingly, the demand
for predictive analytics continues to grow. In a 2009 IBM study, 83
percent of CIOs said analytics is a priority.
Companies that deploy predictive solutions clearly
demonstrate the power of predictive analytics. Ninety-four
percent of SPSS customers achieved a positive ROI with an average
payback period of 10.7 months, according to a Nucleus Research
study. Returns were achieved through reduced costs, increased
productivity, increased employee and customer satisfaction, and
greater visibility. Flexibility, performance and price were all key
factors in SPSS software purchase decisions.
33
Successful
companies fuel
business with
predictive
analytics
By Kathy Konkel
Illustration by Oliver Burston
Applying Analytics
Most commercial organizations
share similar goals: attract the best,
most profitable customers; grow the
business through up- and cross-sell;
retain high-quality customers;
minimize risk to the organization; and
detect and prevent fraudulent activity.
Supply-chain considerations, such
as effective assortment planning in
retail stores and efficient production
lines in manufacturing, are also key
considerations that can significantly
affect the customer experience and
ultimately customer value. In short,
the goal is to grow revenues and
minimize costs, thereby producing
profitable revenue growth. Typical
applications include:
hDelivering well-targeted
campaigns
hClassifying high-quality
customers and, conversely, identifying
those who are costly
hFocusing investigators and
minimizing the effect of fraudulent
activity
hLeveraging effective and reliable
inventory management
hPredicting maintenance needs
Public agencies manage a unique set
of challenges and often face additional
scrutiny because of the personal nature
of public security, healthcare and
education. Because theyre also often
funded or subsidized by government-run
agencies, these organizations face
additional pressures and bureaucracy
around operational budgets. Typical
public-sector applications include:
hGovernment agencies that
manage functions as diverse as tax audit
selections, military force recruitment,
and proactive policing and public safety.
hHealthcare organizations
that seek to proactively manage their
resources and fine-tune their practices
to provide better patient care.
hColleges and universities
that manage the entire student
lifecycle: recruiting the right mix
of students, offering a selection of
programs and assistance to keep
students enrolled, and managing
alumni development programs.
Data-Driven Decisions
At the highest level, predictive analytics
enables better business decisions.
Analysis might reveal new insights
that help senior management drive
far-reaching strategic decisions and
deliver step changes in business value.
However, these insights are more often
applied at the individual-case level,
enhancing key business decisions that
are made frequently and repeatedly,
where improvement leads to a higher
proportion of good outcomes and clearly
measurable, incremental ROI. A helpful
way to think of these decisions is: If we
could make better decisions about X,
we could deliver greater value by doing
Y. For example:
hIf we could reliably predict which
of our high-net-worth customers were
likely to defect to a competitor, we could
ensure their continued business by
offering incentives.
hIf we knew how likely each of
our customers would be to respond to
a particular cross-sell offer, we could
reduce the size and cost of campaigns
(and increase response rates and
revenues) by not targeting people
unlikely to respond.
hIf we could accurately assess
the risk of each insurance claim as we
receive it, we could reduce costs and
increase customer satisfaction and
loyalty by fast-tracking safe claims and
increase our fraud-detection rate by
ensuring our investigative resources
focus on genuinely high-risk cases.
Integrating the results of analytics
with business processes and operational
systems, or deployment, can be relatively
simple: one point of integration in one
process and system. For example, at a
single point in processing tax returns,
a predictive model scores every return
on the likelihood of noncompliance,
and adds those with high scores to an
investigations-team audit list. In
other solutions, the approach might
be more complex.
Why System z?
While organizations strive to deliver
analytics that will make decision making
smarter, better and faster, they also must
ensure that analytic processes are secure,
transparent and compliant with external
and internal governance regulations.
While information infrastructures must
be high-performing, management strives
to make them less costly.
IBM recently released versions of
the SPSS predictive analytics solutions
designed specifically for IBM
System z* environments. By running
analytics on System z servers, you can
deliver sharp and timely insights that
everyone, from senior executives to
frontline managers, needs. You can
also meet requirements for expanded
data-accessibility and security, process
transparency, information-systems
efficiency and cost savings.
Predictive Analytics
n. Predictive analytics draws
reliable conclusions about current
conditions and future events and
thus helps connect data to effective
action. It enables organizations
to make predictions and then
proactively take action based
on that insight to drive better
business outcomes and achieve a
measurable competitive advantage.
To support the entire analytical process,
the SPSS solution for System z* consists
of the following components:
IBM SPSS Modeler for Linux* on System z is a powerful, versatile data and
text-analytics workbench that helps analysts build accurate predictive models
quickly and intuitively, without programming. Using leading data-mining
techniques, the workbench helps analysts model future customer behavior.
Its the most efficient way for organizations to use their data to model future
customer behavior. This technique discovers patterns and trends in structured
or unstructured data more easily, using a visual interface. In addition to
predicting outcomes, models can explain the factors that influence them so
users can take advantage of opportunities and mitigate risks. Text-analysis
capabilities are integrated with SPSS Modeler too, so the critical insights
locked in unstructured data can be used to increase the accuracy of
predictions about customer behavior and strengthen the modeling capability.
IBM SPSS Statistics for Linux on System z is a leading statistical software
that commercial, government and academic organizations use to solve
business and research problems. IBM SPSS Statistics is one of the most
accessible statistics tools in the market, enabling organizations to apply
mathematical discipline to their decision-making.
IBM SPSS Collaboration and Deployment Services for Linux on
System z provides a platform for managing and deploying analytical assets
and allows for secure, browser-based access to results and integration to
other components. It provides an infrastructure for managing the storage and
automated refresh of predictive models along with other analytics processes.
In addition to predictive-analytics solutions, IBM Cognos* 8 Business
Intelligence is also available for Linux on System z. You gain the real-time
monitoring, reporting, analysis and dashboards it providesplus all of the
performance, efficiency and security of a System z environment. More
information is online (www.ibm.com/software/data/cognos/cognos-8-
business-intelligence/system-z/).
The System z server supports
both predictive analytics and business-
intelligence solutions. It simplifies and
provides faster access to the data it
holds without impacting transactional-
system performance. Its virtualization
environments enable organizations
to allocate resources either as shared
resources or fixed-resource assignments,
which ensures the system can meet
the needs of all users, regardless of
the number of processors required.
Consistent response time is also required
as predictive models are used to make
recommendations within critical
business processes to improve decisions
at the point of impact. Read System
Components (right) to learn how SPSS
and System z solutions integrate.
Additionally, System z servers
provide the highest level of data security,
with features built into the OS and the
hardware. This is critical when the data
being used for analytics is sensitive and
critical to the business. It also provides
five nines of availability, with automatic
failure or potential-failure detection
with built-in hardware and OS recovery.
With minimal incremental costs, your
predictive-analytics solution is available
when and where you need it, with less
strain on your network and your IT staff.
With SPSS under its umbrella,
IBM provides a true end-to-end
business analytics solution that can
scale to meet your evolving needs.
Benefits include increased ROI, higher
user satisfaction, industry-leading
scalability, reliability, availability and
security in a flexible infrastructure, and
ensured security and enforcement of
regulations and standards.
35
Kathy Konkel is a member
of the IBM SPSS product
marketing team and has
worked with the SPSS products for more
than 10 years. Shes currently responsible
for supporting the enterprise sales channels
for SPSS, which includes specialized
software sellers throughout IBM.
IBM studied costs based on
acquisition, maintenance, facilities and
administration expenses.
Regardless of deployment size,
the System z platform provides a more
cost-effective alternative to a distributed
infrastructure.
The IBM mainframe deployment pays
for itself in five years, based on system-
administration cost savings alone.
TAKEAWAY:
37
hat would you think
of reducing your cost
of delivering business
intelligence (BI) by upwards of 50
percent over the next five years?
What would you say to allocating a
smaller portion of your IT budget to
facilities and administrative costs while
providing BI to a broader audience?
These questions come at a pivotal
point for many organizations. The
consistent gap between the promise of
BI and the harsh realities of todays BI
implementations is widely recognized.
Many deployment models limit the
capability to provide BI access to all
potential users with the performance
theyve come to expect from an
enterprise application.
Perceived Barriers
Creating a successful BI strategy and
providing the supporting infrastructure
isnt a trivial undertaking. To
date, many IT organizations have
implemented isolated BI solutions in
individual departments in lieu of an
enterprise model. Little focus has been
put on developing a BI standard for
the whole business, resulting in tool
overlap, shelf ware, duplicate license
agreements, underlicensing exposure
and technology gaps.
In addition, the floor space,
cooling, system administration,
acquisition and maintenance contract
costs needed to support these
multiple BI solutions can become cost
prohibitive over time. After making
major investments in BI, organizations
have also found that users eventually
dropped it because of inadequate
performance, reliability, data quality or
security assurance.
With this in mind, IBM set out
to understand the actual costs of
delivering BI to businesses in a manner
that would both meet and exceed
expectations.
Collecting Data
IBM wanted to understand how costs
varied over five years for various BI
deployment sizes (100, 1,000, 10,000,
20,000 and 50,000 named Cognos*
users), while striving to answer four key
questions that most organizations ask
themselves when defining a BI strategy:

When adhering to industry
best practices, what are the
total cost of ownership (TCO) and
total cost of acquisition (TCA)
of the BI infrastructure and what
implementation options are available?

What happens to TCO when
hardware is replaced every 36
to 60 months (the common industry
practice)?

What impact will growing
BI requirements have on
infrastructure expenses?

How much will it cost to ensure
ongoing availability of a mission-
critical BI solution?
The studys goal was to understand
what BI infrastructure options are
available to companies for meeting
their business strategic performance
IBM demonstrates
Cognos BI on
System z is less
expensive than
x86 deployments
By Rebecca Wormleighton
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A
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I
O
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B
Y

M
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C
H
A
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L

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38
expectations and lowering costs. The
next step was to compare the TCO
and TCA of IBM Cognos BI on IBM
System z* to x86 distributed servers.
The Assessed Costs
All costs used in the model were
based on realistic defaults developed
from North American and European
business enterprises. The study
compared the costs associated
with deploying Cognos BI on
nonvirtualized, distributed, rack-
mounted x86 servers with quad-core
2.26 GHz Intel* E5520 Xeon*
technology to System z10* Enterprise
Class servers running Linux* OS.
The Right-fitting Applications into
Consolidated Environments (RACEv)
tool (where v stands for virtualization),
designed by the IBM Systems and
Technology Group, helps evaluate the
following categories when exploring
the TCO of the various platform
options available:
hAcquisition This includes
costs associated with purchasing
everything necessary to deliver BI
to the business, including hardware,
network-connectivity equipment and
software (excluding the Cognos BI
software, because its the same for all
cases with named user pricing), along
with the additional hardware, software
and connectivity required to ensure
high availability of the BI solution.
hMaintenance
agreements Like acquisition
costs, maintenance agreements are an
unavoidable cost of any IT initiative.
organizations that are considering the
future costs of technology refresh,
growth and high availability.
One of the most striking findings,
uncovered with the RACEv tool is the
System z solution pays for itself over
five years based on the savings from
system-administrative costs alone.
While initial acquisition costs may be
marginally higher, after five years, the
TCO is consistently lower.
With the introduction of IBM
business analytics on System z (see
Driving Outcomes, page 32), IBM can
offer a solution that takes BI a step
furtheron a single platform that scales
to meet the need for faster and better
access to complete and accurate business
with less resources and expense. A
flexible solution, it can help companies
address the business challenges of today
and the evolving business needs for
actionable insights that help to optimize
business performance.
Rebecca Wormleighton is
an IBM product marketing
manager for Cognos
software, focusing on
synergies between Cognos business-
intelligence software and IBM products.
Read the complete study, The New Alternative for Leveraging the Power of Business Intelligence, online: http://bit.ly/cognosonz
Although it may be possible to
negotiate varying levels of discounts,
the vendor generally predefines the
costs. Maintenance contracts, like
the products themselves, come with a
defined list of features, and companies
must weigh the value of these features
to their business and consider the costs
of accessing those features elsewhere.
hFacilities These costs include
floor space and power costs for BI
infrastructure and represent, on average,
approximately 10 percent or more of a
companys overall operating costs. This
is an area that can easily be forgotten
when exploring TCO. If not monitored,
facilities costs can quickly spiral out
of control. This especially holds true
when a BI infrastructure is built out for
various departments without taking into
account the available capacity that might
already be available.
hAdministration This
category covers the costs to deploy and
operate a BI infrastructure design based
on stated best practices and includes the
resources for installing, supporting and
maintaining that infrastructurewhile
planning for and responding to service
outages and other problems.
System z Costs Less
The study concluded cost barriers
associated with a System z
implementation versus x86 are
perceived, not real. The acquisition
costs (hardware, network and software)
arent the barrier to entry as people
believe. The study found that the
System z platform offers a powerful,
more cost-effective alternative to a
distributed infrastructure, regardless of
deployment size.
In addition, inherent
System z capabilities provide stronger
performance, better security and
greater scalability. Cognos BI on
System z enables organizations to
help ensure the high availability of
their BI solution at a price they can
afford; TCO is dramatically lower for
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April 10 - 15, 2011 Impact 2011 Las Vegas, Nevada
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Early Bird registration discounts are available for many conferences
Tips and
Techniques
Tactical
solutions
40
Optimal Service Delivery
M
anaging todays complex server environments,
networks and IT infrastructures is challenging.
Most organizations have tools and disciplines in
place to provide basic availability management, including
hardware and software monitoring capabilities. However,
IT staff may not have the skills or time
to support and implement notification
handling, performance and capacity
management, security management,
configuration management and
automation. With the pressure
to do more with less, how can an
organization balance the need to drive
down costs and improve delivery of
system administration, information
access, remote access, and problem and
change management?
This article surveys the challenges
and solutions for effective management
of your server infrastructures and
network devices, as well as important
disciplines such as availability
management and the tools you need to
support a complex IT environment.
Understanding Challenges
An infrastructure typically consists
of a broadly heterogeneous collection
of elements such as servers, virtual
machines, logical partitions, routers,
switches, wireless appliances, disks,
processors, operating systems, middle
ware and database instances, and
batch jobs. All of these elements can
be mapped, more or less, into a simple
framework as shown in Figure 1
(page 41).
The management of an
organizations heterogeneous and
complex IT infrastructure is often a
significant portion of your total cost
of ownership (TCO). Getting costs
under control while also meeting your
service-level commitments requires a
focus on the following eight areas of
infrastructure-management challenges:
hDetect and handle incidents and
problems.
hHandle changes with minimal
impact on availability.
hPrevent security problems.
hEffectively implement emerging
or challenging technologies.
hMaintain server software and
firmware.
hEmploy useful reporting
indicators.
hSupply the right tools.
hRapidly deploy infrastructure
and tools with ongoing management.
Overcome eight
key challenges and
reduce costs
By Joseph Gulla
41
Plan Effective Management
Organizations should focus on solutions
that address these challenges as they
evaluate their current infrastructure-
management capabilities. A focus on
value should shape your goals, with cost
and complexity being major factors. You
can then determine the best approach
to achieving your goals in the context
of specific tactics, as shown in Figure
2 (page 42). Consider the following
recommendations to address the eight
key challenges:
1
Detect and handle incidents and
problems. Incidents and problems
are a way of life for systems that involve
hardware, software and people. But
detecting and handling problems
effectively isnt easy. It requires
discipline, imagination and experience.
In addressing this challenge,
the goal should be to provide robust
incident and problem handling using
preemptive actions and both proactive
and passive monitoring. For example,
a service-level agreement (SLA)
could resolve 90 percent of Severity
1 problems in less than four hours.
Assign support personnel based on
the severity of the incident to improve
response time, including a specialized
service manager or multidisciplinary
team if required.

2
Handle changes with minimal
impact on availability. Change is
frequently required in todays highly
complex systems. Dealing with change
while striving for minimum downtime
requires many skills.
Meet weekly with team members
to plan change management and
estimate the time required as part of
the preparation. Test changes prior
to their implementation and prepare
back-out activities in the event of a
failed change.
3
Prevent security problems.
Security challenges are ongoing
and constantly changing. Security-
management solutions should
incorporate plans to address
threats to your systems and
information in the form of both
Web-based attacks and hackers.
Balance security-risk
management with maintaining
business agility. Implement
key security variables such as
password length and update
frequency early in the process
and perform security remediation
as required for servers and other
devices to refresh and update
your security posture. Look for
security exposures during the
ongoing support period. For a
closed-end process, specify the
frequency of these analyses with
monthly reporting on key security
attributes and activities related to servers
and other devices. In doing so, youll
ultimately see reduced financial risk
associated with security breaches.
Applications, services
Middleware
Operating system
Computer and network hardware
P
L
A
T
F
O
R
M
Software and hardware service
layers in distributed systems
Figure 1
(Coulouris, Dollimore, & Kindberg, 2005)
Tips
42
4
Effectively implement emerging
or challenging technologies.
New technologies hold great promise
for businesses because they can save
money and increase flexibility. Even so,
the benefits of new technologies can
be elusive when unfamiliar users are
learning to use them.
Focus on technologies such as
virtualization and high-availability
configurations. Virtualization provides
flexibility to achieve rapid change and
high utilization of your existing IT
resources. High-availability technology
supports business resiliency and
your requirements for continuous
application availability.
Additionally, focus on skills
support for virtual machines and
logical partitions, using change
windows to make dynamic changes
to production serverslike adding
processor or memory resources to an
image. Develop the skills of your
staff in many high-availability
software solutions.
5
Maintain server software
and firmware. The optimal
data center would include a
balanced collection of proactive
and reactive activities supported
by effective software products
and tools. Startup tasks may
involve refreshing operating-
system processes, establishing
startup sequences and changing
priorities. Other server-support
activities could include patching,
configuration and log-file
maintenance, using remote tools to
perform operational procedures,
server security activities for
identification and access, and
support for virtualization software.
Applying emergency
security fixes or even routine
software changes can be a daunting
task. Avoiding negative impact
on application availability and
performance requires planning and
careful execution, including provisions
for backing out failed updates.
6
Employ useful reporting
indicators. Information on the status
of systems and applications is important
in infrastructure management, especially
in problem situations. This information
is also needed for capacity planning.
Activity or Discipline Tool Example
Availability management IBM Tivoli* NetView* for z/OS*
Hardware monitoring z/OS Hardware Management Console (HMC) and IBM Tivoli Netcool/OMNIbus
for inclusion in an end-to-end view
Software monitoring of resources IBM Tivoli OMEGAMON* XE for z/OS
Performance and capacity management OMEGAMON Product Suite for IMS*, DB2*, networks and storage
Security management IBM Tivoli Security Manager for z/OS
Configuration management IBM z/OS HCD Hardware Configuration Definition (HCD) and Hardware
Configuration Management (HCM)
System administration z/OS Utilities and SMP/E
Information access IBM Tivoli Business Service Manager for z/OS
Automation IBM Tivoli NetView for z/OS and Tivoli AF/OPERATOR on z/OS
Problem and change management IBM Tivoli Change and Configuration Management Database and IBM Tivoli
Application Dependency Discovery Manager
Tools in Context
Table 1
C
O
N
T
E
X
T
C
O
N
T
E
X
T
Business
Alignment
Cost and
Complexity
Goal
What are
we trying to
achieve?
Tactics
What can we do
to achieve it?
V
A
L
U
E
Planning framework for an
effective IT management solution.
Figure 2
Business
Alignment
43
However, obtaining and analyzing
operational and trend information is
time-consuming and complex.
Indicators should have dynamic
reporting capabilities as well as
monthly reports that provide a good
way to understand the activities
and performance of the service. An
operational or business dashboard is
also useful. Posting reports on a portal
for easy access and using tools that
focus on server resource management
and generate performance and capacity
reports will help analyze trends.
Its also important to generate
and post reports on security
management. A portal can also be used
to enter problem records and change
notificationswhile providing links
to other needed tools, portlets and
services that support ongoing activities.
Dynamic reporting supports functional
disciplines such as performance and
capacity management.

7
Supply the right tools. Having the
right toolkit for your environment
requires balancing human aspects,
types of tools, number of tools, level of
integration and secure use.
Appropriate tools and processes
deliver optimal service and support your
SLAs. Organize your tools in categories,
including those that support key
activities as shown in Table 1, page 42.
8
Rapidly deploy infrastructure
and tools with ongoing
management. The fast pace of change
The fast pace
of change in todays
business environment
requires rapid sys-
tems deployment
and tools that provide
ongoing support.
Tips
44
infrastructure and network devices. By
focusing on the disciplines and tools
necessary to carry support and delivery
services, you can improve your own
management capacity and evaluate the
capabilities of potential outsourcing
and managed-service providers.
in todays business environment
requires rapid systems deployment and
tools that provide ongoing support,
especially for the mission-critical
components of your IT infrastructure.
These activities may be routine, but
are critical for meeting service-level
commitments and supporting new
business initiatives.
Use a service manager with
pre-engineered and ongoing support
to achieve rapid deployment. A
model project plan based on prebuilt
components with a project manager
ensures smooth deployment. A delivery
architect can also be a technical
complement to the project manager.
Focused Management
Supporting a dynamic business and
resilient IT environment requires
effective management of your server
Joseph Gulla is an
executive IT specialist
for IBM data-center services.
His main focus is the monitoring and
management of heterogeneous computing
infrastructures.
Supporting a dynamic business and resilient IT
environment requires effective management of your
server infrastructure and network devices.
Thursday, April 7, 10 am (CST)
REGISTER TODAY: ibmsystemsmag.webex.com, then click on Event Center.
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German Federal Pension Fund Migrates IBM
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Learn how a German government agency simplied operations and met a 350M
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Agenda:
Organizations are consolidating workloads onto Linux on IBM System z
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can move online and batch mainframe applications to scalable Integrated
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partitions.
ZEN
William Data Systems
Z
EN, a z/OS* network-
management suite, now features
a unique, automatic SyslogD
system whistleblower facility. This
management suite:
Captures, views and notifies any
SyslogD events in real-time
Alerts users to system events
requiring urgent attention the moment
they occur
Presents multiple source information
on a single, unified console screen
Filters alerts enabling the most
important to rise above background
activity
Communicates alerts to consoles plus
smart phones, tablets and laptops
Can automatically trigger further
activity via powerful REXX-based
automation facilities
OS SUPPORT: All IBM-supported
versions of z/OS*
PRICE: Variable
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Solutions
Whats new
in the
marketplace
CleverView for TCP/IP v8.2.1
AES
C
leverView for TCP/IP v8.2.1 now
offers enhanced end-to-end (E2E)
response times for TN3270 session and
TN3270 interval System Management
File (SMF) records expanding
performance monitoring and service
level reporting. Highlights of this version
include:
TN3270 E2E support that expands
the existing application performance
reporting provided by Round Trip Time
reports for all TCP/IP transactions
MXG support and built-in performance
reports that allow CleverView for
TCP/IP to produce ETE service level
reports for multiarchitecture virtualized
environments
OS SUPPORT: z/OS* version 1.4 or
higher, z/VM* and Linux* on System z*
PRICE: Variable
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Vanguard Configuration Manager
Vanguard Integrity Professionals
A
ccording to the company,
Vanguard Configuration Manager
significantly reduces the cost and time
required to test mainframe systems
to assess their accordance with the
configuration control checklist for
z/OS* systems in the National
Checklist Program (NCP) of National
Institute of Standards and Technology
(NIST) and the Department of
Homeland Security (DHS). Features
include the capability to:
Automatically test security
configuration controls and verify that a
mainframe system is in accordance with
the NIST/DHS NCP z/OS checklist
(DISA STIG) in just a few hours
Easily move to continuous
monitoring from periodic compliance
reporting
OS SUPPORT: z/OS version 1.10
or higher
PRICE: Variable
URL: www.go2vanguard.com
45
46
PlexSpy Application
Status Monitor v1r1
Matter of Fact Software
T
he enhancements to PlexSpy delivered
with version 1.1 can help simplify the
support of CICS* applications and quickly
identify the source of issues affecting
business systems. Features include:
Simplified CICS application
management
Instant real-time status information
concerning applications under
investigation
OS SUPPORT: z/OS* 1.10 and higher,
CICS Transaction Server V3.1, 3.2
and 4.1
PRICE: Variable
URL: www.plexspy.co.uk
Netuitive 5.0
Netuitive Inc.
N
etuitive Inc. now integrates with
IBM Tivoli*, a leading systems-
management tool for large enterprises.
Tivoli customers can now better leverage
Netuitive for automated performance
and capacity management in virtualized
and cloud environments. Netuitives
analytics platform:
Uses patented behavior-learning
technology to replace manual, rules-
based approaches
Allows enterprises to plug in and
synthesize data streams from existing
monitoring sources across silos
Forecasts issues before they impact
performance and isolates root cause
wherever a problem occurs
OS SUPPORT: UNIX* and Windows*
PRICE: Variable
URL: www.netuitive.com
Predictive Recall
DTS Software Inc.
P
redictive Recall is a feature
of MONitor that minimizes
production delays triggered by the
recalls of migrated data. Migrated
production data sets are recalled prior
to use, resulting in an overall shorter
batch window. To avoid impact on the
production workload, the Predictive
Recall job can be scheduled to run
when the system is underutilized,
prior to the production cycle.
This release:
Uses the information from the job
scheduler to create a list of production
data sets that will be accessed in the
next production cycle
Migrates infrequently used data sets
quickly, freeing up DASD space, and
recalls them later when theyre needed
OS SUPPORT: z/OS*
PRICE: Variable
URL: www.dtssoftware.com
Solutions
47
For a complete listing of mainframe products, visit our 2011 Buyers Guide online: www.ibmsystemsmag.com/mainframe/buyersguide/index.aspx
Advanced Software Products Group, Inc.
www.aspg.com
41, 43
CA
ca.com/chorus
2, 3
Clerity
ibmsystemsmag.webex.com
44
ColeSoft Marketing
www.colesoft.com
21
Compuware Corp.
MainframeInnovations.com
7
DTS Software, Inc.
www.dtssoftware.com
23
Edge Information Group, Inc.
www.edge-information.com
25
GFS Software
www.gfssoftware.com
13
IBM Technical Conferences 39, 47
INNOVATION Data Processing
www.fdr.com/penguins
www.innovationdp.fdr.com/FDRPASdemo
9, CVR 4
Jolly Giant Software Inc.
www.jollygiant.com
43
MVS Solutions, Inc.
www.mvssol.com
CVR 3
OpenTech Systems, Inc.
www.opentechsystems.com
CVR 2
Relational Architects International, Inc.
www.relarc.com
5
Trident Services, Inc.
www.triserv.com
11
Velocity Software, Inc.
www.velocitysoftware.com
1, 15
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Bijan Davari, who pioneered critical
functions of the modern computer chip,
was born that same year in Tehran.
At age 11 his dad handed him his first
transistor radio. It was so much smaller
and more elegant, says Davari, who
tinkered with vacuum-tube radios. I
could see that it was a game changer, and
thats how I got started.
By the time he was in his 30s,
Davari was leading the IBM research
team that would produce another
game changerthe first generation
of high-performance, low-voltage
logic (complementary metal oxide
semiconductor, or CMOS) that
characterizes computer chips. Ive
always been interested in the how of
making significant advances in function,
particularly when its believed it cant
be done, Davari says. Today we take
it for granted that these chips, which
have gone from megahertz to gigahertz
performance standards within 15
years, power everything from iPhones
to supercomputers. Without Davaris
breakthroughs, computers would be
much hotter, slower and noisier.
Right from the start, Davari and
his team challenged conventional
thinking. Assumptions were that you
had to have high voltage to get a lot
of power, he says. If you lowered
voltage, it was assumed performance
would get worse. No one wanted
to bother much with CMOS, a
low-voltage technology that powered
wristwatches. Davaris team proved if
you lowered the voltage, scaled down
chip components and used different
materials, CMOS became powerful.
Youre driving less load, so you dont
need as much current, he adds. If
youre driving large loads to make
something fast, they get hot, and you
get to a point where you cant cool it.
He didnt stop there. In 1996
Davari was named an IBM Fellow
the companys highest honorfor his
work; last year he received an award
from IEEE (Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers) for outstanding
contributions to his field.
Today Davari is working to achieve
significant technological breakthroughs
at the system level as vice president
of Next Generation Computing
Systems/Technology at IBM. Future
performance gains will come through
more integrationsuch as IBMs new
electrical/optical device chipas well
as through parallel processing at the
system and software levels. Davari
says well eventually be able to connect
to very powerful, highly specialized
applications through cloud and wireless
environments.
Youll be able to participate in a
professional soccer game, for example,
without changing the outcome, he
says. The distinction between the
real and computing world will be
totally blurred.
Game Changer
Bijan Davari changed the computer chip By Sara Aase
I
n 1954, Texas Instruments engineers radically minia-
turized the transistor radio, making it simultaneously less
expensive and more powerful. Their reimagination of what
had been a slow-selling semiconductor technology changed the
world: the transistor radio became the most popular electronic
device in history, and the semiconductor, of course, became
the heart of modern technology.
48
Stop Run
An eclectic
take on the
mainframe
world
Sara Aase is a Minneapolis-
based freelance writer.
Bijan Davari is vice
president of Next
Generation Computing
Systems/Technology
at IBM.
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