The Family Code of The Philippines: EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 209 July 6, 1987

EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 209 July 6, 1987 Title 1 Chap. 3 Sec.
39 Amended by RA 8533
THE FAMILY CODE OF THE HILI
INE!
I, CORAZON C. AQ INO, !"e#ident $% the !hilippine#, by &i"t'e $% the p$(e"# &e#ted in me by the C$n#tit'ti$n, d$ he"eby $"de" and p"$m'l)ate the *amily C$de $% the !hilippine#, a# %$ll$(#+ TITLE I MARRIA"E C#$%&'( 1. R')u*+*&'+ ,- M$((*$.' A"t. 1. ,a""ia)e i# a #pecial c$nt"act $% pe"manent 'ni$n bet(een a man and a ($man ente"ed int$ in acc$"dance (ith la( %$" the e#tabli#hment $% c$n-')al and %amily li%e. It i# the %$'ndati$n $% the %amily and an in&i$lable #$cial in#tit'ti$n (h$#e nat'"e, c$n#e.'ence#, and incident# a"e )$&e"ned by la( and n$t #'b-ect t$ #tip'lati$n, e/cept that ma""ia)e #ettlement# may %i/ the p"$pe"ty "elati$n# d'"in) the ma""ia)e (ithin the limit# p"$&ided by thi# C$de. 051a2 A"t. 1. N$ ma""ia)e #hall be &alid, 'nle## the#e e##ential "e.'i#ite# a"e p"e#ent+ 012 3e)al capacity $% the c$nt"actin) pa"tie# (h$ m'#t be a male and a %emale4 and 012 C$n#ent %"eely )i&en in the p"e#ence $% the #$lemni5in) $%%ice". 053a2 A"t. 3. The %$"mal "e.'i#ite# $% ma""ia)e a"e+ 012 A'th$"ity $% the #$lemni5in) $%%ice"4 012 A &alid ma""ia)e licen#e e/cept in the ca#e# p"$&ided %$" in Chapte" 1 $% thi# Title4 and 032 A ma""ia)e ce"em$ny (hich ta6e# place (ith the appea"ance $% the c$nt"actin) pa"tie# be%$"e the #$lemni5in) $%%ice" and thei" pe"#$nal decla"ati$n that they ta6e each $the" a# h'#band and (i%e in the p"e#ence $% n$t le## than t($ (itne##e# $% le)al a)e. 053a, 55a2 A"t. 7. The ab#ence $% any $% the e##ential $" %$"mal "e.'i#ite# #hall "ende" the ma""ia)e &$id ab initi$, e/cept a# #tated in A"ticle 35 012. A de%ect in any $% the e##ential "e.'i#ite# #hall n$t a%%ect the &alidity $% the ma""ia)e b't the pa"ty $" pa"tie# "e#p$n#ible %$" the i""e)'la"ity #hall be ci&illy, c"iminally and admini#t"ati&ely liable. 0n2 A"t. 5. Any male $" %emale $% the a)e $% ei)hteen yea"# $" 'p(a"d# n$t 'nde" any $% the impediment# menti$ned in A"ticle# 38 and 38, may c$nt"act ma""ia)e. 057a2 A"t. 9. N$ p"e#c"ibed %$"m $" "eli)i$'# "ite %$" the #$lemni5ati$n $% the ma""ia)e i# "e.'i"ed. It #hall be nece##a"y, h$(e&e", %$" the c$nt"actin) pa"tie# t$ appea" pe"#$nally be%$"e the #$lemni5in) $%%ice" and decla"e in the p"e#ence $% n$t le## than t($ (itne##e# $% le)al a)e that they ta6e each $the" a# h'#band and (i%e. Thi# decla"ati$n #hall be c$ntained in the ma""ia)e ce"ti%icate (hich #hall be #i)ned by the c$nt"actin) pa"tie# and thei" (itne##e# and atte#ted by the #$lemni5in) $%%ice". In ca#e $% a ma""ia)e in a"tic'l$ m$"ti#, (hen the pa"ty at the p$int $% death i# 'nable t$ #i)n the ma""ia)e ce"ti%icate, it #hall be #'%%icient %$" $ne $% the (itne##e# t$ the ma""ia)e t$ ("ite the name $% #aid pa"ty, (hich %act #hall be atte#ted by the #$lemni5in) $%%ice". 055a2
A"t. 8. ,a""ia)e may be #$lemni5ed by+ 012 Any inc'mbent membe" $% the -'dicia"y (ithin the c$'"t:# -'"i#dicti$n4 012 Any p"ie#t, "abbi, imam, $" mini#te" $% any ch'"ch $" "eli)i$'# #ect d'ly a'th$"i5ed by hi# ch'"ch $" "eli)i$'# #ect and "e)i#te"ed (ith the ci&il "e)i#t"a" )ene"al, actin) (ithin the limit# $% the ("itten a'th$"ity )"anted by hi# ch'"ch $" "eli)i$'# #ect and p"$&ided that at lea#t $ne $% the c$nt"actin) pa"tie# bel$n)# t$ the #$lemni5in) $%%ice":# ch'"ch $" "eli)i$'# #ect4 032 Any #hip captain $" ai"plane chie% $nly in the ca#e menti$ned in A"ticle 314 072 Any milita"y c$mmande" $% a 'nit t$ (hich a chaplain i# a##i)ned, in the ab#ence $% the latte", d'"in) a milita"y $pe"ati$n, li6e(i#e $nly in the ca#e# menti$ned in A"ticle 314 052 Any c$n#'l;)ene"al, c$n#'l $" &ice;c$n#'l in the ca#e p"$&ided in A"ticle 1<. 059a2 A"ticle. 8. The ma""ia)e #hall be #$lemni5ed p'blicly in the chambe"# $% the -'d)e $" in $pen c$'"t, in the ch'"ch, chapel $" temple, $" in the $%%ice the c$n#'l;)ene"al, c$n#'l $" &ice;c$n#'l, a# the ca#e may be, and n$t el#e(he"e, e/cept in ca#e# $% ma""ia)e# c$nt"acted $n the p$int $% death $" in "em$te place# in acc$"dance (ith A"ticle 19 $% thi# C$de, $" (he"e b$th $% the pa"tie# "e.'e#t the #$lemni5in) $%%ice" in ("itin) in (hich ca#e the ma""ia)e may be #$lemni5ed at a h$'#e $" place de#i)nated by them in a #($"n #tatement t$ that e%%ect. 058a2 A"t. 9. A ma""ia)e licen#e #hall be i##'ed by the l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a" $% the city $" m'nicipality (he"e eithe" c$nt"actin) pa"ty habit'ally "e#ide#, e/cept in ma""ia)e# (he"e n$ licen#e i# "e.'i"ed in acc$"dance (ith Chapte" 1 $% thi# Title 058a2 A"t. 1<. ,a""ia)e# bet(een *ilipin$ citi5en# ab"$ad may be #$lemni5ed by a c$n#'l;)ene"al, c$n#'l $" &ice; c$n#'l $% the Rep'blic $% the !hilippine#. The i##'ance $% the ma""ia)e licen#e and the d'tie# $% the l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a" and $% the #$lemni5in) $%%ice" (ith "e)a"d t$ the celeb"ati$n $% ma""ia)e #hall be pe"%$"med by #aid c$n#'la" $%%icial. 085a2 A"t. 11. =he"e a ma""ia)e licen#e i# "e.'i"ed, each $% the c$nt"actin) pa"tie# #hall %ile #epa"ately a #($"n applicati$n %$" #'ch licen#e (ith the p"$pe" l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a" (hich #hall #peci%y the %$ll$(in)+ 012 *'ll name $% the c$nt"actin) pa"ty4 012 !lace $% bi"th4 032 A)e and date $% bi"th4 072 Ci&il #tat'#4 052 I% p"e&i$'#ly ma""ied, h$(, (hen and (he"e the p"e&i$'# ma""ia)e (a# di##$l&ed $" ann'lled4 092 !"e#ent "e#idence and citi5en#hip4 082 >e)"ee $% "elati$n#hip $% the c$nt"actin) pa"tie#4 082 *'ll name, "e#idence and citi5en#hip $% the %athe"4 092 *'ll name, "e#idence and citi5en#hip $% the m$the"4 and 01<2 *'ll name, "e#idence and citi5en#hip $% the )'a"dian $" pe"#$n ha&in) cha")e, in ca#e the c$nt"actin) pa"ty ha# neithe" %athe" n$" m$the" and i# 'nde" the a)e $% t(enty;$ne yea"#.
The applicant#, thei" pa"ent# $" )'a"dian# #hall n$t be "e.'i"ed t$ e/hibit thei" "e#idence ce"ti%icate# in any %$"mality in c$nnecti$n (ith the #ec'"in) $% the ma""ia)e licen#e. 059a2 A"t. 11. The l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a", 'p$n "ecei&in) #'ch applicati$n, #hall "e.'i"e the p"e#entati$n $% the $"i)inal bi"th ce"ti%icate# $", in de%a'lt the"e$%, the bapti#mal ce"ti%icate# $% the c$nt"actin) pa"tie# $" c$pie# $% #'ch d$c'ment# d'ly atte#ted by the pe"#$n# ha&in) c'#t$dy $% the $"i)inal#. The#e ce"ti%icate# $" ce"ti%ied c$pie# $% the d$c'ment# by thi# A"ticle need n$t be #($"n t$ and #hall be e/empt %"$m the d$c'menta"y #tamp ta/. The #i)nat'"e and $%%icial title $% the pe"#$n i##'in) the ce"ti%icate #hall be #'%%icient p"$$% $% it# a'thenticity. lawphi1.net I% eithe" $% the c$nt"actin) pa"tie# i# 'nable t$ p"$d'ce hi# bi"th $" bapti#mal ce"ti%icate $" a ce"ti%ied c$py $% eithe" beca'#e $% the de#t"'cti$n $" l$## $% the $"i)inal $" i% it i# #h$(n by an a%%ida&it $% #'ch pa"ty $" $% any $the" pe"#$n that #'ch bi"th $" bapti#mal ce"ti%icate ha# n$t yet been "ecei&ed th$')h the #ame ha# been "e.'i"ed $% the pe"#$n ha&in) c'#t$dy the"e$% at lea#t %i%teen day# p"i$" t$ the date $% the applicati$n, #'ch pa"ty may %'"ni#h in lie' the"e$% hi# c'""ent "e#idence ce"ti%icate $" an in#t"'ment d"a(n 'p and #($"n t$ be%$"e the l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a" c$nce"ned $" any p'blic $%%icial a'th$"i5ed t$ admini#te" $ath#. S'ch in#t"'ment #hall c$ntain the #($"n decla"ati$n $% t($ (itne##e# $% la(%'l a)e, #ettin) %$"th the %'ll name, "e#idence and citi5en#hip $% #'ch c$nt"actin) pa"ty and $% hi# $" he" pa"ent#, i% 6n$(n, and the place and date $% bi"th $% #'ch pa"ty. The nea"e#t $% 6in $% the c$nt"actin) pa"tie# #hall be p"e%e""ed a# (itne##e#, $", in thei" de%a'lt, pe"#$n# $% )$$d "ep'tati$n in the p"$&ince $" the l$cality. lawphi1.net The p"e#entati$n $% bi"th $" bapti#mal ce"ti%icate #hall n$t be "e.'i"ed i% the pa"ent# $% the c$nt"actin) pa"tie# appea" pe"#$nally be%$"e the l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a" c$nce"ned and #(ea" t$ the c$""ectne## $% the la(%'l a)e $% #aid pa"tie#, a# #tated in the applicati$n, $" (hen the l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a" #hall, by me"ely l$$6in) at the applicant# 'p$n thei" pe"#$nally appea"in) be%$"e him, be c$n&inced that eithe" $" b$th $% them ha&e the "e.'i"ed a)e. 09<a2 A"t. 13. In ca#e eithe" $% the c$nt"actin) pa"tie# ha# been p"e&i$'#ly ma""ied, the applicant #hall be "e.'i"ed t$ %'"ni#h, in#tead $% the bi"th $" bapti#mal ce"ti%icate "e.'i"ed in the la#t p"ecedin) a"ticle, the death ce"ti%icate $% the decea#ed #p$'#e $" the -'dicial dec"ee $% the ab#$l'te di&$"ce, $" the -'dicial dec"ee $% ann'lment $" decla"ati$n $% n'llity $% hi# $" he" p"e&i$'# ma""ia)e. In ca#e the death ce"ti%icate cann$t be #ec'"ed, the pa"ty #hall ma6e an a%%ida&it #ettin) %$"th thi# ci"c'm#tance and hi# $" he" act'al ci&il #tat'# and the name and date $% death $% the decea#ed #p$'#e. 091a2 A"t. 17. In ca#e eithe" $" b$th $% the c$nt"actin) pa"tie#, n$t ha&in) been emancipated by a p"e&i$'# ma""ia)e, a"e bet(een the a)e# $% ei)hteen and t(enty;$ne, they #hall, in additi$n t$ the "e.'i"ement# $% the p"ecedin) a"ticle#, e/hibit t$ the l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a", the c$n#ent t$ thei" ma""ia)e $% thei" %athe", m$the", #'"&i&in) pa"ent $" )'a"dian, $" pe"#$n# ha&in) le)al cha")e $% them, in the $"de" menti$ned. S'ch c$n#ent #hall be mani%e#ted in ("itin) by the inte"e#ted pa"ty, (h$ pe"#$nally appea"# be%$"e the p"$pe" l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a", $" in the %$"m $% an a%%ida&it made in the p"e#ence $% t($ (itne##e# and atte#ted be%$"e any $%%icial a'th$"i5ed by la( t$ admini#te" $ath#. The pe"#$nal mani%e#tati$n #hall be "ec$"ded in b$th applicati$n# %$" ma""ia)e licen#e, and the a%%ida&it, i% $ne i# e/ec'ted in#tead, #hall be attached t$ #aid applicati$n#. 091a2 A"t. 15. Any c$nt"actin) pa"ty bet(een the a)e $% t(enty;$ne and t(enty;%i&e #hall be $bli)ed t$ a#6 thei" pa"ent# $" )'a"dian %$" ad&ice 'p$n the intended ma""ia)e. I% they d$ n$t $btain #'ch ad&ice, $" i% it be 'n%a&$"able, the ma""ia)e licen#e #hall n$t be i##'ed till a%te" th"ee m$nth# %$ll$(in) the c$mpleti$n $% the p'blicati$n $% the applicati$n the"e%$". A #($"n #tatement by the c$nt"actin) pa"tie# t$ the e%%ect that #'ch ad&ice ha# been #$')ht, t$)ethe" (ith the ("itten ad&ice )i&en, i% any, #hall be attached t$ the applicati$n %$" ma""ia)e licen#e. Sh$'ld the pa"ent# $" )'a"dian "e%'#e t$ )i&e any ad&ice, thi# %act #hall be #tated in the #($"n #tatement. 091a2 A"t. 19. In the ca#e# (he"e pa"ental c$n#ent $" pa"ental ad&ice i# needed, the pa"ty $" pa"tie# c$nce"ned #hall, in additi$n t$ the "e.'i"ement# $% the p"ecedin) a"ticle#, attach a ce"ti%icate i##'ed by a p"ie#t, imam $" mini#te" a'th$"i5ed t$ #$lemni5e ma""ia)e 'nde" A"ticle 8 $% thi# C$de $" a ma""ia)e c$'n#ell$" d'ly acc"edited by the p"$pe" )$&e"nment a)ency t$ the e%%ect that the c$nt"actin) pa"tie# ha&e 'nde")$ne ma""ia)e c$'n#ellin). *ail'"e t$ attach #aid ce"ti%icate# $% ma""ia)e c$'n#ellin) #hall #'#pend the i##'ance $%
the ma""ia)e licen#e %$" a pe"i$d $% th"ee m$nth# %"$m the c$mpleti$n $% the p'blicati$n $% the applicati$n. I##'ance $% the ma""ia)e licen#e (ithin the p"$hibited pe"i$d #hall #'b-ect the i##'in) $%%ice" t$ admini#t"ati&e #ancti$n# b't #hall n$t a%%ect the &alidity $% the ma""ia)e. Sh$'ld $nly $ne $% the c$nt"actin) pa"tie# need pa"ental c$n#ent $" pa"ental ad&ice, the $the" pa"ty m'#t be p"e#ent at the c$'n#ellin) "e%e""ed t$ in the p"ecedin) pa"a)"aph. 0n2 A"t. 18. The l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a" #hall p"epa"e a n$tice (hich #hall c$ntain the %'ll name# and "e#idence# $% the applicant# %$" a ma""ia)e licen#e and $the" data )i&en in the applicati$n#. The n$tice #hall be p$#ted %$" ten c$n#ec'ti&e day# $n a b'lletin b$a"d $'t#ide the $%%ice $% the l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a" l$cated in a c$n#pic$'# place (ithin the b'ildin) and acce##ible t$ the )ene"al p'blic. Thi# n$tice #hall "e.'e#t all pe"#$n# ha&in) 6n$(led)e $% any impediment t$ the ma""ia)e t$ ad&i#e the l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a" the"e$%. The ma""ia)e licen#e #hall be i##'ed a%te" the c$mpleti$n $% the pe"i$d $% p'blicati$n. 093a2 A"t. 18. In ca#e $% any impediment 6n$(n t$ the l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a" $" b"$')ht t$ hi# attenti$n, he #hall n$te d$(n the pa"tic'la"# the"e$% and hi# %indin)# the"e$n in the applicati$n %$" ma""ia)e licen#e, b't #hall n$nethele## i##'e #aid licen#e a%te" the c$mpleti$n $% the pe"i$d $% p'blicati$n, 'nle## $"de"ed $the"(i#e by a c$mpetent c$'"t at hi# $(n in#tance $" that $% any inte"e#t pa"ty. N$ %ilin) %ee #hall be cha")ed %$" the petiti$n n$" a c$""e#p$ndin) b$nd "e.'i"ed %$" the i##'ance# $% the $"de". 097a2 A"t. 19. The l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a" #hall "e.'i"e the payment $% the %ee# p"e#c"ibed by la( $" "e)'lati$n# be%$"e the i##'ance $% the ma""ia)e licen#e. N$ $the" #'m #hall be c$llected in the nat'"e $% a %ee $" ta/ $% any 6ind %$" the i##'ance $% #aid licen#e. It #hall, h$(e&e", be i##'ed %"ee $% cha")e t$ indi)ent pa"tie#, that i# th$#e (h$ ha&e n$ &i#ible mean# $% inc$me $" (h$#e inc$me i# in#'%%icient %$" thei" #'b#i#tence a %act e#tabli#hed by thei" a%%ida&it, $" by thei" $ath be%$"e the l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a". 095a2 A"t. 1<. The licen#e #hall be &alid in any pa"t $% the !hilippine# %$" a pe"i$d $% $ne h'nd"ed t(enty day# %"$m the date $% i##'e, and #hall be deemed a't$matically cancelled at the e/pi"ati$n $% the #aid pe"i$d i% the c$nt"actin) pa"tie# ha&e n$t made '#e $% it. The e/pi"y date #hall be #tamped in b$ld cha"acte"# $n the %ace $% e&e"y licen#e i##'ed. 095a2 A"t. 11. =hen eithe" $" b$th $% the c$nt"actin) pa"tie# a"e citi5en# $% a %$"ei)n c$'nt"y, it #hall be nece##a"y %$" them be%$"e a ma""ia)e licen#e can be $btained, t$ #'bmit a ce"ti%icate $% le)al capacity t$ c$nt"act ma""ia)e, i##'ed by thei" "e#pecti&e dipl$matic $" c$n#'la" $%%icial#. Statele## pe"#$n# $" "e%')ee# %"$m $the" c$'nt"ie# #hall, in lie' $% the ce"ti%icate $% le)al capacity he"ein "e.'i"ed, #'bmit an a%%ida&it #tatin) the ci"c'm#tance# #h$(in) #'ch capacity t$ c$nt"act ma""ia)e. 099a2 A"t. 11. The ma""ia)e ce"ti%icate, in (hich the pa"tie# #hall decla"e that they ta6e each $the" a# h'#band and (i%e, #hall al#$ #tate+ 012 The %'ll name, #e/ and a)e $% each c$nt"actin) pa"ty4 012 Thei" citi5en#hip, "eli)i$n and habit'al "e#idence4 032 The date and p"eci#e time $% the celeb"ati$n $% the ma""ia)e4 072 That the p"$pe" ma""ia)e licen#e ha# been i##'ed acc$"din) t$ la(, e/cept in ma""ia)e p"$&ided %$" in Chapte" 1 $% thi# Title4 052 That eithe" $" b$th $% the c$nt"actin) pa"tie# ha&e #ec'"ed the pa"ental c$n#ent in app"$p"iate ca#e#4 092 That eithe" $" b$th $% the c$nt"actin) pa"tie# ha&e c$mplied (ith the le)al "e.'i"ement "e)a"din) pa"ental ad&ice in app"$p"iate ca#e#4 and
082 That the pa"tie# ha&e ente"ed int$ ma""ia)e #ettlement, i% any, attachin) a c$py the"e$%. 098a2 A"t. 13. It #hall be the d'ty $% the pe"#$n #$lemni5in) the ma""ia)e t$ %'"ni#h eithe" $% the c$nt"actin) pa"tie# the $"i)inal $% the ma""ia)e ce"ti%icate "e%e""ed t$ in A"ticle 9 and t$ #end the d'plicate and t"iplicate c$pie# $% the ce"ti%icate n$t late" than %i%teen day# a%te" the ma""ia)e, t$ the l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a" $% the place (he"e the ma""ia)e (a# #$lemni5ed. !"$pe" "eceipt# #hall be i##'ed by the l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a" t$ the #$lemni5in) $%%ice" t"an#mittin) c$pie# $% the ma""ia)e ce"ti%icate. The #$lemni5in) $%%ice" #hall "etain in hi# %ile the .'ad"'plicate c$py $% the ma""ia)e ce"ti%icate, the c$py $% the ma""ia)e ce"ti%icate, the $"i)inal $% the ma""ia)e licen#e and, in p"$pe" ca#e#, the a%%ida&it $% the c$nt"actin) pa"ty "e)a"din) the #$lemni5ati$n $% the ma""ia)e in place $the" than th$#e menti$ned in A"ticle 8. 098a2 A"t. 17. It #hall be the d'ty $% the l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a" t$ p"epa"e the d$c'ment# "e.'i"ed by thi# Title, and t$ admini#te" $ath# t$ all inte"e#ted pa"tie# (ith$'t any cha")e in b$th ca#e#. The d$c'ment# and a%%ida&it# %iled in c$nnecti$n (ith applicati$n# %$" ma""ia)e licen#e# #hall be e/empt %"$m d$c'menta"y #tamp ta/. 0n2 A"t. 15. The l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a" c$nce"ned #hall ente" all applicati$n# %$" ma""ia)e licen#e# %iled (ith him in a "e)i#t"y b$$6 #t"ictly in the $"de" in (hich the #ame a"e "ecei&ed. ?e #hall "ec$"d in #aid b$$6 the name# $% the applicant#, the date $n (hich the ma""ia)e licen#e (a# i##'ed, and #'ch $the" data a# may be nece##a"y. 0n2 A"t. 19. All ma""ia)e# #$lemni5ed $'t#ide the !hilippine#, in acc$"dance (ith the la(# in %$"ce in the c$'nt"y (he"e they (e"e #$lemni5ed, and &alid the"e a# #'ch, #hall al#$ be &alid in thi# c$'nt"y, e/cept th$#e p"$hibited 'nde" A"ticle# 35 012, 072, 052 and 092, 3938 and 38. 018a2 =he"e a ma""ia)e bet(een a *ilipin$ citi5en and a %$"ei)ne" i# &alidly celeb"ated and a di&$"ce i# the"ea%te" &alidly $btained ab"$ad by the alien #p$'#e capacitatin) him $" he" t$ "ema""y, the *ilipin$ #p$'#e #hall ha&e capacity t$ "ema""y 'nde" !hilippine la(. 0A# amended by @/ec'ti&e O"de" 1182 C#$%&'( 2. M$((*$.'+ E/'0%&'1 -(,0 L*2'3+' R')u*('0'3& A"t. 18. In ca#e eithe" $" b$th $% the c$nt"actin) pa"tie# a"e at the p$int $% death, the ma""ia)e may be #$lemni5ed (ith$'t nece##ity $% a ma""ia)e licen#e and #hall "emain &alid e&en i% the ailin) pa"ty #'b#e.'ently #'"&i&e#. 081a2 A"t. 18. I% the "e#idence $% eithe" pa"ty i# #$ l$cated that the"e i# n$ mean# $% t"an#p$"tati$n t$ enable #'ch pa"ty t$ appea" pe"#$nally be%$"e the l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a", the ma""ia)e may be #$lemni5ed (ith$'t nece##ity $% a ma""ia)e licen#e. 081a2 A"t. 19. In the ca#e# p"$&ided %$" in the t($ p"ecedin) a"ticle#, the #$lemni5in) $%%ice" #hall #tate in an a%%ida&it e/ec'ted be%$"e the l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a" $" any $the" pe"#$n le)ally a'th$"i5ed t$ admini#te" $ath# that the ma""ia)e (a# pe"%$"med in a"tic'l$ m$"ti# $" that the "e#idence $% eithe" pa"ty, #peci%yin) the ba""i$ $" ba"an)ay, i# #$ l$cated that the"e i# n$ mean# $% t"an#p$"tati$n t$ enable #'ch pa"ty t$ appea" pe"#$nally be%$"e the l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a" and that the $%%ice" t$$6 the nece##a"y #tep# t$ a#ce"tain the a)e# and "elati$n#hip $% the c$nt"actin) pa"tie# and the ab#ence $% le)al impediment t$ the ma""ia)e. 081a2 A"t. 3<. The $"i)inal $% the a%%ida&it "e.'i"ed in the la#t p"ecedin) a"ticle, t$)ethe" (ith the le)ible c$py $% the ma""ia)e c$nt"act, #hall be #ent by the pe"#$n #$lemni5in) the ma""ia)e t$ the l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"a" $% the m'nicipality (he"e it (a# pe"%$"med (ithin the pe"i$d $% thi"ty day# a%te" the pe"%$"mance $% the ma""ia)e. 085a2 A"t. 31. A ma""ia)e in a"tic'l$ m$"ti# bet(een pa##en)e"# $" c"e( membe"# may al#$ be #$lemni5ed by a #hip captain $" by an ai"plane pil$t n$t $nly (hile the #hip i# at #ea $" the plane i# in %li)ht, b't al#$ d'"in) #t$p$&e"# at p$"t# $% call. 087a2
A"t. 31. A milita"y c$mmande" $% a 'nit, (h$ i# a c$mmi##i$ned $%%ice", #hall li6e(i#e ha&e a'th$"ity t$ #$lemni5e ma""ia)e# in a"tic'l$ m$"ti# bet(een pe"#$n# (ithin the 5$ne $% milita"y $pe"ati$n, (hethe" membe"# $% the a"med %$"ce# $" ci&ilian#. 087a2 A"t. 33. ,a""ia)e# am$n) ,'#lim# $" am$n) membe"# $% the ethnic c'lt'"al c$mm'nitie# may be pe"%$"med &alidly (ith$'t the nece##ity $% ma""ia)e licen#e, p"$&ided they a"e #$lemni5ed in acc$"dance (ith thei" c'#t$m#, "ite# $" p"actice#. 088a2 A"t. 37. N$ licen#e #hall be nece##a"y %$" the ma""ia)e $% a man and a ($man (h$ ha&e li&ed t$)ethe" a# h'#band and (i%e %$" at lea#t %i&e yea"# and (ith$'t any le)al impediment t$ ma""y each $the". The c$nt"actin) pa"tie# #hall #tate the %$"e)$in) %act# in an a%%ida&it be%$"e any pe"#$n a'th$"i5ed by la( t$ admini#te" $ath#. The #$lemni5in) $%%ice" #hall al#$ #tate 'nde" $ath that he a#ce"tained the .'ali%icati$n# $% the c$nt"actin) pa"tie# a"e %$'nd n$ le)al impediment t$ the ma""ia)e. 089a2 C#$%&'( 4. V,*1 $31 V,*1$5l' M$((*$.'+ A"t. 35. The %$ll$(in) ma""ia)e# #hall be &$id %"$m the be)innin)+ 012 Th$#e c$nt"acted by any pa"ty bel$( ei)hteen yea"# $% a)e e&en (ith the c$n#ent $% pa"ent# $" )'a"dian#4 012 Th$#e #$lemni5ed by any pe"#$n n$t le)ally a'th$"i5ed t$ pe"%$"m ma""ia)e# 'nle## #'ch ma""ia)e# (e"e c$nt"acted (ith eithe" $" b$th pa"tie# belie&in) in )$$d %aith that the #$lemni5in) $%%ice" had the le)al a'th$"ity t$ d$ #$4 032 Th$#e #$lemni5ed (ith$'t licen#e, e/cept th$#e c$&e"ed the p"ecedin) Chapte"4 072 Th$#e bi)am$'# $" p$ly)am$'# ma""ia)e# n$t %ailin) 'nde" A"ticle 714 052 Th$#e c$nt"acted th"$')h mi#ta6e $% $ne c$nt"actin) pa"ty a# t$ the identity $% the $the"4 and 092 Th$#e #'b#e.'ent ma""ia)e# that a"e &$id 'nde" A"ticle 53. A"t. 39. A ma""ia)e c$nt"acted by any pa"ty (h$, at the time $% the celeb"ati$n, (a# p#ych$l$)ically incapacitated t$ c$mply (ith the e##ential ma"ital $bli)ati$n# $% ma""ia)e, #hall li6e(i#e be &$id e&en i% #'ch incapacity bec$me# mani%e#t $nly a%te" it# #$lemni5ati$n. 0A# amended by @/ec'ti&e O"de" 1182 A"t. 38. ,a""ia)e# bet(een the %$ll$(in) a"e ince#t'$'# and &$id %"$m the be)innin), (hethe" "elati$n#hip bet(een the pa"tie# be le)itimate $" ille)itimate+ 012 Aet(een a#cendant# and de#cendant# $% any de)"ee4 and 012 Aet(een b"$the"# and #i#te"#, (hethe" $% the %'ll $" hal% bl$$d. 081a2 A"t. 38. The %$ll$(in) ma""ia)e# #hall be &$id %"$m the be)innin) %$" "ea#$n# $% p'blic p$licy+ 012 Aet(een c$llate"al bl$$d "elati&e# (hethe" le)itimate $" ille)itimate, 'p t$ the %$'"th ci&il de)"ee4 012 Aet(een #tep;pa"ent# and #tep;child"en4 032 Aet(een pa"ent#;in;la( and child"en;in;la(4 072 Aet(een the ad$ptin) pa"ent and the ad$pted child4 052 Aet(een the #'"&i&in) #p$'#e $% the ad$ptin) pa"ent and the ad$pted child4
092 Aet(een the #'"&i&in) #p$'#e $% the ad$pted child and the ad$pte"4 082 Aet(een an ad$pted child and a le)itimate child $% the ad$pte"4 082 Aet(een ad$pted child"en $% the #ame ad$pte"4 and 092 Aet(een pa"tie# (he"e $ne, (ith the intenti$n t$ ma""y the $the", 6illed that $the" pe"#$n:# #p$'#e, $" hi# $" he" $(n #p$'#e. 0812 A"t. 39. The acti$n $" de%en#e %$" the decla"ati$n $% ab#$l'te n'llity #hall n$t p"e#c"ibe. ?$(e&e", in ca#e $% ma""ia)e celeb"ated be%$"e the e%%ecti&ity $% thi# C$de and %allin) 'nde" A"ticle 39, #'ch acti$n $" de%en#e #hall p"e#c"ibe in ten yea"# a%te" thi# C$de #hall ta6en e%%ect. 0A# amended by @/ec'ti&e O"de" 1182 0n2 A"t. 7<. The ab#$l'te n'llity $% a p"e&i$'# ma""ia)e may be in&$6ed %$" p'"p$#e# $% "ema""ia)e $n the ba#i# #$lely $% a %inal -'d)ment decla"in) #'ch p"e&i$'# ma""ia)e &$id. 0n2. A"t. 71. A ma""ia)e c$nt"acted by any pe"#$n d'"in) #'b#i#tence $% a p"e&i$'# ma""ia)e #hall be n'll and &$id, 'nle## be%$"e the celeb"ati$n $% the #'b#e.'ent ma""ia)e, the p"i$" #p$'#e had been ab#ent %$" %$'" c$n#ec'ti&e yea"# and the #p$'#e p"e#ent ha# a (ell;%$'nded belie% that the ab#ent #p$'#e (a# al"eady dead. In ca#e $% di#appea"ance (he"e the"e i# dan)e" $% death 'nde" the ci"c'm#tance# #et %$"th in the p"$&i#i$n# $% A"ticle 391 $% the Ci&il C$de, an ab#ence $% $nly t($ yea"# #hall be #'%%icient. *$" the p'"p$#e $% c$nt"actin) the #'b#e.'ent ma""ia)e 'nde" the p"ecedin) pa"a)"aph the #p$'#e p"e#ent m'#t in#tit'te a #'mma"y p"$ceedin) a# p"$&ided in thi# C$de %$" the decla"ati$n $% p"e#'mpti&e death $% the ab#entee, (ith$'t p"e-'dice t$ the e%%ect $% "eappea"ance $% the ab#ent #p$'#e. 083a2 A"t. 71. The #'b#e.'ent ma""ia)e "e%e""ed t$ in the p"ecedin) A"ticle #hall be a't$matically te"minated by the "ec$"din) $% the a%%ida&it $% "eappea"ance $% the ab#ent #p$'#e, 'nle## the"e i# a -'d)ment ann'llin) the p"e&i$'# ma""ia)e $" decla"in) it &$id ab initi$. A #($"n #tatement $% the %act and ci"c'm#tance# $% "eappea"ance #hall be "ec$"ded in the ci&il "e)i#t"y $% the "e#idence $% the pa"tie# t$ the #'b#e.'ent ma""ia)e at the in#tance $% any inte"e#ted pe"#$n, (ith d'e n$tice t$ the #p$'#e# $% the #'b#e.'ent ma""ia)e and (ith$'t p"e-'dice t$ the %act $% "eappea"ance bein) -'dicially dete"mined in ca#e #'ch %act i# di#p'ted. 0n2 A"t. 73. The te"minati$n $% the #'b#e.'ent ma""ia)e "e%e""ed t$ in the p"ecedin) A"ticle #hall p"$d'ce the %$ll$(in) e%%ect#+ 012 The child"en $% the #'b#e.'ent ma""ia)e c$ncei&ed p"i$" t$ it# te"minati$n #hall be c$n#ide"ed le)itimate4 012 The ab#$l'te c$mm'nity $% p"$pe"ty $" the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip, a# the ca#e may be, #hall be di##$l&ed and li.'idated, b't i% eithe" #p$'#e c$nt"acted #aid ma""ia)e in bad %aith, hi# $" he" #ha"e $% the net p"$%it# $% the c$mm'nity p"$pe"ty $" c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip p"$pe"ty #hall be %$"%eited in %a&$" $% the c$mm$n child"en $", i% the"e a"e n$ne, the child"en $% the )'ilty #p$'#e by a p"e&i$'# ma""ia)e $" in de%a'lt $% child"en, the inn$cent #p$'#e4 032 >$nati$n# by "ea#$n $% ma""ia)e #hall "emain &alid, e/cept that i% the d$nee c$nt"acted the ma""ia)e in bad %aith, #'ch d$nati$n# made t$ #aid d$nee a"e "e&$6ed by $pe"ati$n $% la(4 072 The inn$cent #p$'#e may "e&$6e the de#i)nati$n $% the $the" #p$'#e (h$ acted in bad %aith a# bene%icia"y in any in#'"ance p$licy, e&en i% #'ch de#i)nati$n be #tip'lated a# i""e&$cable4 and 052 The #p$'#e (h$ c$nt"acted the #'b#e.'ent ma""ia)e in bad %aith #hall be di#.'ali%ied t$ inhe"it %"$m the inn$cent #p$'#e by te#tate and inte#tate #'cce##i$n. 0n2
A"t. 77. I% b$th #p$'#e# $% the #'b#e.'ent ma""ia)e acted in bad %aith, #aid ma""ia)e #hall be &$id ab initi$ and all d$nati$n# by "ea#$n $% ma""ia)e and te#tamenta"y di#p$#iti$n# made by $ne in %a&$" $% the $the" a"e "e&$6ed by $pe"ati$n $% la(. 0n2 A"t. 75. A ma""ia)e may be ann'lled %$" any $% the %$ll$(in) ca'#e#, e/i#tin) at the time $% the ma""ia)e+ 012 That the pa"ty in (h$#e behal% it i# #$')ht t$ ha&e the ma""ia)e ann'lled (a# ei)hteen yea"# $% a)e $" $&e" b't bel$( t(enty;$ne, and the ma""ia)e (a# #$lemni5ed (ith$'t the c$n#ent $% the pa"ent#, )'a"dian $" pe"#$n ha&in) #'b#tit'te pa"ental a'th$"ity $&e" the pa"ty, in that $"de", 'nle## a%te" attainin) the a)e $% t(enty;$ne, #'ch pa"ty %"eely c$habited (ith the $the" and b$th li&ed t$)ethe" a# h'#band and (i%e4 012 That eithe" pa"ty (a# $% 'n#$'nd mind, 'nle## #'ch pa"ty a%te" c$min) t$ "ea#$n, %"eely c$habited (ith the $the" a# h'#band and (i%e4 032 That the c$n#ent $% eithe" pa"ty (a# $btained by %"a'd, 'nle## #'ch pa"ty a%te"(a"d#, (ith %'ll 6n$(led)e $% the %act# c$n#tit'tin) the %"a'd, %"eely c$habited (ith the $the" a# h'#band and (i%e4 072 That the c$n#ent $% eithe" pa"ty (a# $btained by %$"ce, intimidati$n $" 'nd'e in%l'ence, 'nle## the #ame ha&in) di#appea"ed $" cea#ed, #'ch pa"ty the"ea%te" %"eely c$habited (ith the $the" a# h'#band and (i%e4 052 That eithe" pa"ty (a# phy#ically incapable $% c$n#'mmatin) the ma""ia)e (ith the $the", and #'ch incapacity c$ntin'e# and appea"# t$ be inc'"able4 $" 092 That eithe" pa"ty (a# a%%licted (ith a #e/'ally;t"an#mi##ible di#ea#e %$'nd t$ be #e"i$'# and appea"# t$ be inc'"able. 085a2 A"t. 79. Any $% the %$ll$(in) ci"c'm#tance# #hall c$n#tit'te %"a'd "e%e""ed t$ in N'mbe" 3 $% the p"ecedin) A"ticle+ 012 N$n;di#cl$#'"e $% a p"e&i$'# c$n&icti$n by %inal -'d)ment $% the $the" pa"ty $% a c"ime in&$l&in) m$"al t'"pit'de4 012 C$ncealment by the (i%e $% the %act that at the time $% the ma""ia)e, #he (a# p"e)nant by a man $the" than he" h'#band4 032 C$ncealment $% #e/'ally t"an#mi##ible di#ea#e, "e)a"dle## $% it# nat'"e, e/i#tin) at the time $% the ma""ia)e4 $" 072 C$ncealment $% d"') addicti$n, habit'al alc$h$li#m $" h$m$#e/'ality $" le#biani#m e/i#tin) at the time $% the ma""ia)e. N$ $the" mi#"ep"e#entati$n $" deceit a# t$ cha"acte", health, "an6, %$"t'ne $" cha#tity #hall c$n#tit'te #'ch %"a'd a# (ill )i&e )"$'nd# %$" acti$n %$" the ann'lment $% ma""ia)e. 089a2 A"t. 78. The acti$n %$" ann'lment $% ma""ia)e m'#t be %iled by the %$ll$(in) pe"#$n# and (ithin the pe"i$d# indicated he"ein+ 012 *$" ca'#e# menti$ned in n'mbe" 1 $% A"ticle 75 by the pa"ty (h$#e pa"ent $" )'a"dian did n$t )i&e hi# $" he" c$n#ent, (ithin %i&e yea"# a%te" attainin) the a)e $% t(enty;$ne, $" by the pa"ent $" )'a"dian $" pe"#$n ha&in) le)al cha")e $% the min$", at any time be%$"e #'ch pa"ty ha# "eached the a)e $% t(enty;$ne4 012 *$" ca'#e# menti$ned in n'mbe" 1 $% A"ticle 75, by the #ame #p$'#e, (h$ had n$ 6n$(led)e $% the $the":# in#anity4 $" by any "elati&e $" )'a"dian $" pe"#$n ha&in) le)al cha")e $% the in#ane, at any
time be%$"e the death $% eithe" pa"ty, $" by the in#ane #p$'#e d'"in) a l'cid inte"&al $" a%te" "e)ainin) #anity4 032 *$" ca'#e# menti$ned in n'mbe" 3 $% A"ticle# 75, by the in-'"ed pa"ty, (ithin %i&e yea"# a%te" the di#c$&e"y $% the %"a'd4 072 *$" ca'#e# menti$ned in n'mbe" 7 $% A"ticle 75, by the in-'"ed pa"ty, (ithin %i&e yea"# %"$m the time the %$"ce, intimidati$n $" 'nd'e in%l'ence di#appea"ed $" cea#ed4 052 *$" ca'#e# menti$ned in n'mbe" 5 and 9 $% A"ticle 75, by the in-'"ed pa"ty, (ithin %i&e yea"# a%te" the ma""ia)e. 088a2 A"t. 78. In all ca#e# $% ann'lment $" decla"ati$n $% ab#$l'te n'llity $% ma""ia)e, the C$'"t #hall $"de" the p"$#ec'tin) att$"ney $" %i#cal a##i)ned t$ it t$ appea" $n behal% $% the State t$ ta6e #tep# t$ p"e&ent c$ll'#i$n bet(een the pa"tie# and t$ ta6e ca"e that e&idence i# n$t %ab"icated $" #'pp"e##ed. In the ca#e# "e%e""ed t$ in the p"ecedin) pa"a)"aph, n$ -'d)ment #hall be ba#ed 'p$n a #tip'lati$n $% %act# $" c$n%e##i$n $% -'d)ment. 088a2 A"t. 79. >'"in) the pendency $% the acti$n and in the ab#ence $% ade.'ate p"$&i#i$n# in a ("itten a)"eement bet(een the #p$'#e#, the C$'"t #hall p"$&ide %$" the #'pp$"t $% the #p$'#e# and the c'#t$dy and #'pp$"t $% thei" c$mm$n child"en. The C$'"t #hall )i&e pa"am$'nt c$n#ide"ati$n t$ the m$"al and mate"ial (el%a"e $% #aid child"en and thei" ch$ice $% the pa"ent (ith (h$m they (i#h t$ "emain a# p"$&ided t$ in Title IB. It #hall al#$ p"$&ide %$" app"$p"iate &i#itati$n "i)ht# $% the $the" pa"ent. 0n2 A"t. 5<. The e%%ect# p"$&ided %$" by pa"a)"aph# 012, 032, 072 and 052 $% A"ticle 73 and by A"ticle 77 #hall al#$ apply in the p"$pe" ca#e# t$ ma""ia)e# (hich a"e decla"ed ab initi$ $" ann'lled by %inal -'d)ment 'nde" A"ticle# 7< and 75. The %inal -'d)ment in #'ch ca#e# #hall p"$&ide %$" the li.'idati$n, pa"titi$n and di#t"ib'ti$n $% the p"$pe"tie# $% the #p$'#e#, the c'#t$dy and #'pp$"t $% the c$mm$n child"en, and the deli&e"y $% thi"d p"e#'mpti&e le)itime#, 'nle## #'ch matte"# had been ad-'dicated in p"e&i$'# -'dicial p"$ceedin)#. All c"edit$"# $% the #p$'#e# a# (ell a# $% the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity $" the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip #hall be n$ti%ied $% the p"$ceedin)# %$" li.'idati$n. In the pa"titi$n, the c$n-')al d(ellin) and the l$t $n (hich it i# #it'ated, #hall be ad-'dicated in acc$"dance (ith the p"$&i#i$n# $% A"ticle# 1<1 and 119. A"t. 51. In #aid pa"titi$n, the &al'e $% the p"e#'mpti&e le)itime# $% all c$mm$n child"en, c$mp'ted a# $% the date $% the %inal -'d)ment $% the t"ial c$'"t, #hall be deli&e"ed in ca#h, p"$pe"ty $" #$'nd #ec'"itie#, 'nle## the pa"tie#, by m't'al a)"eement -'dicially app"$&ed, had al"eady p"$&ided %$" #'ch matte"#. The child"en $" thei" )'a"dian $" the t"'#tee $% thei" p"$pe"ty may a#6 %$" the en%$"cement $% the -'d)ment. The deli&e"y $% the p"e#'mpti&e le)itime# he"ein p"e#c"ibed #hall in n$ (ay p"e-'dice the 'ltimate #'cce##i$nal "i)ht# $% the child"en acc"'in) 'p$n the death $% eithe" $% b$th $% the pa"ent#4 b't the &al'e $% the p"$pe"tie# al"eady "ecei&ed 'nde" the dec"ee $% ann'lment $" ab#$l'te n'llity #hall be c$n#ide"ed a# ad&ance# $n thei" le)itime. 0n2 A"t. 51. The -'d)ment $% ann'lment $" $% ab#$l'te n'llity $% the ma""ia)e, the pa"titi$n and di#t"ib'ti$n $% the p"$pe"tie# $% the #p$'#e# and the deli&e"y $% the child"en:# p"e#'mpti&e le)itime# #hall be "ec$"ded in the app"$p"iate ci&il "e)i#t"y and "e)i#t"ie# $% p"$pe"ty4 $the"(i#e, the #ame #hall n$t a%%ect thi"d pe"#$n#. 0n2 A"t. 53. @ithe" $% the %$"me" #p$'#e# may ma""y a)ain a%te" c$mpliance (ith the "e.'i"ement# $% the immediately p"ecedin) A"ticle4 $the"(i#e, the #'b#e.'ent ma""ia)e #hall be n'll and &$id.
A"t. 57. Child"en c$ncei&ed $" b$"n be%$"e the -'d)ment $% ann'lment $" ab#$l'te n'llity $% the ma""ia)e 'nde" A"ticle 39 ha# bec$me %inal and e/ec't$"y #hall be c$n#ide"ed le)itimate. Child"en c$ncei&ed $" b$"n $% the #'b#e.'ent ma""ia)e 'nde" A"ticle 53 #hall li6e(i#e be le)itimate. TITLE II LE"AL !E ARATION A"t. 55. A petiti$n %$" le)al #epa"ati$n may be %iled $n any $% the %$ll$(in) )"$'nd#+ 012 Repeated phy#ical &i$lence $" )"$##ly ab'#i&e c$nd'ct di"ected a)ain#t the petiti$ne", a c$mm$n child, $" a child $% the petiti$ne"4 012 !hy#ical &i$lence $" m$"al p"e##'"e t$ c$mpel the petiti$ne" t$ chan)e "eli)i$'# $" p$litical a%%iliati$n4 032 Attempt $% "e#p$ndent t$ c$""'pt $" ind'ce the petiti$ne", a c$mm$n child, $" a child $% the petiti$ne", t$ en)a)e in p"$#tit'ti$n, $" c$nni&ance in #'ch c$""'pti$n $" ind'cement4 072 *inal -'d)ment #entencin) the "e#p$ndent t$ imp"i#$nment $% m$"e than #i/ yea"#, e&en i% pa"d$ned4 052 >"') addicti$n $" habit'al alc$h$li#m $% the "e#p$ndent4 092 3e#biani#m $" h$m$#e/'ality $% the "e#p$ndent4 082 C$nt"actin) by the "e#p$ndent $% a #'b#e.'ent bi)am$'# ma""ia)e, (hethe" in the !hilippine# $" ab"$ad4 082 Se/'al in%idelity $" pe"&e"#i$n4 092 Attempt by the "e#p$ndent a)ain#t the li%e $% the petiti$ne"4 $" 01<2 Aband$nment $% petiti$ne" by "e#p$ndent (ith$'t -'#ti%iable ca'#e %$" m$"e than $ne yea". *$" p'"p$#e# $% thi# A"ticle, the te"m CchildC #hall incl'de a child by nat'"e $" by ad$pti$n. 09a2 A"t. 59. The petiti$n %$" le)al #epa"ati$n #hall be denied $n any $% the %$ll$(in) )"$'nd#+ 012 =he"e the a))"ie&ed pa"ty ha# c$nd$ned the $%%en#e $" act c$mplained $%4 012 =he"e the a))"ie&ed pa"ty ha# c$n#ented t$ the c$mmi##i$n $% the $%%en#e $" act c$mplained $%4 032 =he"e the"e i# c$nni&ance bet(een the pa"tie# in the c$mmi##i$n $% the $%%en#e $" act c$n#tit'tin) the )"$'nd %$" le)al #epa"ati$n4 072 =he"e b$th pa"tie# ha&e )i&en )"$'nd %$" le)al #epa"ati$n4 052 =he"e the"e i# c$ll'#i$n bet(een the pa"tie# t$ $btain dec"ee $% le)al #epa"ati$n4 $" 092 =he"e the acti$n i# ba""ed by p"e#c"ipti$n. 01<<a2 A"t. 58. An acti$n %$" le)al #epa"ati$n #hall be %iled (ithin %i&e yea"# %"$m the time $% the $cc'""ence $% the ca'#e. 01<12
A"t. 58. An acti$n %$" le)al #epa"ati$n #hall in n$ ca#e be t"ied be%$"e #i/ m$nth# #hall ha&e elap#ed #ince the %ilin) $% the petiti$n. 01<32 A"t. 59. N$ le)al #epa"ati$n may be dec"eed 'nle## the C$'"t ha# ta6en #tep# t$(a"d the "ec$nciliati$n $% the #p$'#e# and i# %'lly #ati#%ied, de#pite #'ch e%%$"t#, that "ec$nciliati$n i# hi)hly imp"$bable. 0n2 A"t. 9<. N$ dec"ee $% le)al #epa"ati$n #hall be ba#ed 'p$n a #tip'lati$n $% %act# $" a c$n%e##i$n $% -'d)ment. In any ca#e, the C$'"t #hall $"de" the p"$#ec'tin) att$"ney $" %i#cal a##i)ned t$ it t$ ta6e #tep# t$ p"e&ent c$ll'#i$n bet(een the pa"tie# and t$ ta6e ca"e that the e&idence i# n$t %ab"icated $" #'pp"e##ed. 01<1a2 A"t. 91. A%te" the %ilin) $% the petiti$n %$" le)al #epa"ati$n, the #p$'#e# #hall be entitled t$ li&e #epa"ately %"$m each $the". The c$'"t, in the ab#ence $% a ("itten a)"eement bet(een the #p$'#e#, #hall de#i)nate eithe" $% them $" a thi"d pe"#$n t$ admini#te" the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity $" c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip p"$pe"ty. The admini#t"at$" app$inted by the c$'"t #hall ha&e the #ame p$(e"# and d'tie# a# th$#e $% a )'a"dian 'nde" the R'le# $% C$'"t. 01<7a2 A"t. 91. >'"in) the pendency $% the acti$n %$" le)al #epa"ati$n, the p"$&i#i$n# $% A"ticle 79 #hall li6e(i#e apply t$ the #'pp$"t $% the #p$'#e# and the c'#t$dy and #'pp$"t $% the c$mm$n child"en. 01<5a2 A"t. 93. The dec"ee $% le)al #epa"ati$n #hall ha&e the %$ll$(in) e%%ect#+ 012 The #p$'#e# #hall be entitled t$ li&e #epa"ately %"$m each $the", b't the ma""ia)e b$nd# #hall n$t be #e&e"ed4 012 The ab#$l'te c$mm'nity $" the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip #hall be di##$l&ed and li.'idated b't the $%%endin) #p$'#e #hall ha&e n$ "i)ht t$ any #ha"e $% the net p"$%it# ea"ned by the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity $" the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip, (hich #hall be %$"%eited in acc$"dance (ith the p"$&i#i$n# $% A"ticle 730124 032 The c'#t$dy $% the min$" child"en #hall be a(a"ded t$ the inn$cent #p$'#e, #'b-ect t$ the p"$&i#i$n# $% A"ticle 113 $% thi# C$de4 and 072 The $%%endin) #p$'#e #hall be di#.'ali%ied %"$m inhe"itin) %"$m the inn$cent #p$'#e by inte#tate #'cce##i$n. ,$"e$&e", p"$&i#i$n# in %a&$" $% the $%%endin) #p$'#e made in the (ill $% the inn$cent #p$'#e #hall be "e&$6ed by $pe"ati$n $% la(. 01<9a2 A"t. 97. A%te" the %inality $% the dec"ee $% le)al #epa"ati$n, the inn$cent #p$'#e may "e&$6e the d$nati$n# made by him $" by he" in %a&$" $% the $%%endin) #p$'#e, a# (ell a# the de#i)nati$n $% the latte" a# bene%icia"y in any in#'"ance p$licy, e&en i% #'ch de#i)nati$n be #tip'lated a# i""e&$cable. The "e&$cati$n $% the d$nati$n# #hall be "ec$"ded in the "e)i#t"ie# $% p"$pe"ty in the place# (he"e the p"$pe"tie# a"e l$cated. Alienati$n#, lien# and enc'mb"ance# "e)i#te"ed in )$$d %aith be%$"e the "ec$"din) $% the c$mplaint %$" "e&$cati$n in the "e)i#t"ie# $% p"$pe"ty #hall be "e#pected. The "e&$cati$n $% $" chan)e in the de#i)nati$n $% the in#'"ance bene%icia"y #hall ta6e e%%ect 'p$n ("itten n$ti%icati$n the"e$% t$ the in#'"ed. The acti$n t$ "e&$6e the d$nati$n 'nde" thi# A"ticle m'#t be b"$')ht (ithin %i&e yea"# %"$m the time the dec"ee $% le)al #epa"ati$n bec$me %inal. 01<8a2 A"t. 95. I% the #p$'#e# #h$'ld "ec$ncile, a c$""e#p$ndin) -$int mani%e#tati$n 'nde" $ath d'ly #i)ned by them #hall be %iled (ith the c$'"t in the #ame p"$ceedin) %$" le)al #epa"ati$n. 0n2 A"t. 99. The "ec$nciliati$n "e%e""ed t$ in the p"ecedin) A"ticle# #hall ha&e the %$ll$(in) c$n#e.'ence#+ 012 The le)al #epa"ati$n p"$ceedin)#, i% #till pendin), #hall the"eby be te"minated at (hate&e" #ta)e4 and
012 The %inal dec"ee $% le)al #epa"ati$n #hall be #et a#ide, b't the #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty and any %$"%eit'"e $% the #ha"e $% the )'ilty #p$'#e al"eady e%%ected #hall #'b#i#t, 'nle## the #p$'#e# a)"ee t$ "e&i&e thei" %$"me" p"$pe"ty "e)ime. The c$'"t:# $"de" c$ntainin) the %$"e)$in) #hall be "ec$"ded in the p"$pe" ci&il "e)i#t"ie#. 01<8a2 A"t. 98. The a)"eement t$ "e&i&e the %$"me" p"$pe"ty "e)ime "e%e""ed t$ in the p"ecedin) A"ticle #hall be e/ec'ted 'nde" $ath and #hall #peci%y+ 012 The p"$pe"tie# t$ be c$nt"ib'ted ane( t$ the "e#t$"ed "e)ime4 012 Th$#e t$ be "etained a# #epa"ated p"$pe"tie# $% each #p$'#e4 and 032 The name# $% all thei" 6n$(n c"edit$"#, thei" add"e##e# and the am$'nt# $(in) t$ each. The a)"eement $% "e&i&al and the m$ti$n %$" it# app"$&al #hall be %iled (ith the c$'"t in the #ame p"$ceedin) %$" le)al #epa"ati$n, (ith c$pie# $% b$th %'"ni#hed t$ the c"edit$"# named the"ein. A%te" d'e hea"in), the c$'"t #hall, in it# $"de", ta6e mea#'"e t$ p"$tect the inte"e#t $% c"edit$"# and #'ch $"de" #hall be "ec$"ded in the p"$pe" "e)i#t"ie# $% p"$pe"tie#. The "ec$"din) $% the $"de"in) in the "e)i#t"ie# $% p"$pe"ty #hall n$t p"e-'dice any c"edit$" n$t li#ted $" n$t n$ti%ied, 'nle## the debt$";#p$'#e ha# #'%%icient #epa"ate p"$pe"tie# t$ #ati#%y the c"edit$":# claim. 0195a, 1<8a2 TITLE III RI"HT! AND O6LI"ATION! 6ET7EEN HU!6AND AND 7IFE A"t. 98. The h'#band and (i%e a"e $bli)ed t$ li&e t$)ethe", $b#e"&e m't'al l$&e, "e#pect and %idelity, and "ende" m't'al help and #'pp$"t. 01<9a2 A"t. 99. The h'#band and (i%e #hall %i/ the %amily d$micile. In ca#e $% di#a)"eement, the c$'"t #hall decide. The c$'"t may e/empt $ne #p$'#e %"$m li&in) (ith the $the" i% the latte" #h$'ld li&e ab"$ad $" the"e a"e $the" &alid and c$mpellin) "ea#$n# %$" the e/empti$n. ?$(e&e", #'ch e/empti$n #hall n$t apply i% the #ame i# n$t c$mpatible (ith the #$lida"ity $% the %amily. 011<a2 A"t. 8<. The #p$'#e# a"e -$intly "e#p$n#ible %$" the #'pp$"t $% the %amily. The e/pen#e# %$" #'ch #'pp$"t and $the" c$n-')al $bli)ati$n# #hall be paid %"$m the c$mm'nity p"$pe"ty and, in the ab#ence the"e$%, %"$m the inc$me $" %"'it# $% thei" #epa"ate p"$pe"tie#. In ca#e $% in#'%%iciency $" ab#ence $% #aid inc$me $" %"'it#, #'ch $bli)ati$n# #hall be #ati#%ied %"$m the #epa"ate p"$pe"tie#. 0111a2 A"t. 81. The mana)ement $% the h$'#eh$ld #hall be the "i)ht and the d'ty $% b$th #p$'#e#. The e/pen#e# %$" #'ch mana)ement #hall be paid in acc$"dance (ith the p"$&i#i$n# $% A"ticle 8<. 0115a2 A"t. 81. =hen $ne $% the #p$'#e# ne)lect# hi# $" he" d'tie# t$ the c$n-')al 'ni$n $" c$mmit# act# (hich tend t$ b"in) dan)e", di#h$n$" $" in-'"y t$ the $the" $" t$ the %amily, the a))"ie&ed pa"ty may apply t$ the c$'"t %$" "elie%. 0119a2 A"t. 83. @ithe" #p$'#e may e/e"ci#e any le)itimate p"$%e##i$n, $cc'pati$n, b'#ine## $" acti&ity (ith$'t the c$n#ent $% the $the". The latte" may $b-ect $nly $n &alid, #e"i$'#, and m$"al )"$'nd#. In ca#e $% di#a)"eement, the c$'"t #hall decide (hethe" $" n$t+ 012 The $b-ecti$n i# p"$pe", and
012 Aene%it ha# $cc'""ed t$ the %amily p"i$" t$ the $b-ecti$n $" the"ea%te". I% the bene%it acc"'ed p"i$" t$ the $b-ecti$n, the "e#'ltin) $bli)ati$n #hall be en%$"ced a)ain#t the #epa"ate p"$pe"ty $% the #p$'#e (h$ ha# n$t $btained c$n#ent. The %$"e)$in) p"$&i#i$n# #hall n$t p"e-'dice the "i)ht# $% c"edit$"# (h$ acted in )$$d %aith. 0118a2 TITLE IV RO ERTY RELATION! 6ET7EEN HU!6AND AND 7IFE C#$%&'( 1. "'3'($l (,8*+*,3+ A"t. 87. The p"$pe"ty "elati$n#hip bet(een h'#band and (i%e #hall be )$&e"ned in the %$ll$(in) $"de"+ 012 Ay ma""ia)e #ettlement# e/ec'ted be%$"e the ma""ia)e4 012 Ay the p"$&i#i$n# $% thi# C$de4 and 032 Ay the l$cal c'#t$m. 01182 A"t. 85. The %'t'"e #p$'#e# may, in the ma""ia)e #ettlement#, a)"ee 'p$n the "e)ime $% ab#$l'te c$mm'nity, c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip $% )ain#, c$mplete #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty, $" any $the" "e)ime. In the ab#ence $% a ma""ia)e #ettlement, $" (hen the "e)ime a)"eed 'p$n i# &$id, the #y#tem $% ab#$l'te c$mm'nity $% p"$pe"ty a# e#tabli#hed in thi# C$de #hall )$&e"n. 0119a2 A"t. 89. In $"de" that any m$di%icati$n in the ma""ia)e #ettlement# may be &alid, it m'#t be made be%$"e the celeb"ati$n $% the ma""ia)e, #'b-ect t$ the p"$&i#i$n# $% A"ticle# 99, 98, 118, 135 and 139. 01112 A"t. 88. The ma""ia)e #ettlement# and any m$di%icati$n the"e$% #hall be in ("itin), #i)ned by the pa"tie# and e/ec'ted be%$"e the celeb"ati$n $% the ma""ia)e. They #hall n$t p"e-'dice thi"d pe"#$n# 'nle## they a"e "e)i#te"ed in the l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"y (he"e the ma""ia)e c$nt"act i# "ec$"ded a# (ell a# in the p"$pe" "e)i#t"ie# $% p"$pe"tie#. 0111a2 A"t. 88. A min$" (h$ acc$"din) t$ la( may c$nt"act ma""ia)e may al#$ e/ec'te hi# $" he" ma""ia)e #ettlement#, b't they #hall be &alid $nly i% the pe"#$n# de#i)nated in A"ticle 17 t$ )i&e c$n#ent t$ the ma""ia)e a"e made pa"tie# t$ the a)"eement, #'b-ect t$ the p"$&i#i$n# $% Title IB $% thi# C$de. 011<a2 A"t. 89. *$" the &alidity $% any ma""ia)e #ettlement e/ec'ted by a pe"#$n 'p$n (h$m a #entence $% ci&il inte"dicti$n ha# been p"$n$'nced $" (h$ i# #'b-ect t$ any $the" di#ability, it #hall be indi#pen#able %$" the )'a"dian app$inted by a c$mpetent c$'"t t$ be made a pa"ty the"et$. 0113a2 A"t. 8<. In the ab#ence $% a c$nt"a"y #tip'lati$n in a ma""ia)e #ettlement, the p"$pe"ty "elati$n# $% the #p$'#e# #hall be )$&e"ned by !hilippine la(#, "e)a"dle## $% the place $% the celeb"ati$n $% the ma""ia)e and thei" "e#idence. Thi# "'le #hall n$t apply+ 012 =he"e b$th #p$'#e# a"e alien#4 012 =ith "e#pect t$ the e/t"in#ic &alidity $% c$nt"act# a%%ectin) p"$pe"ty n$t #it'ated in the !hilippine# and e/ec'ted in the c$'nt"y (he"e the p"$pe"ty i# l$cated4 and 032 =ith "e#pect t$ the e/t"in#ic &alidity $% c$nt"act# ente"ed int$ in the !hilippine# b't a%%ectin) p"$pe"ty #it'ated in a %$"ei)n c$'nt"y (h$#e la(# "e.'i"e di%%e"ent %$"malitie# %$" it# e/t"in#ic &alidity. 0117a2
A"t. 81. @&e"ythin) #tip'lated in the #ettlement# $" c$nt"act# "e%e""ed t$ in the p"ecedin) a"ticle# in c$n#ide"ati$n $% a %'t'"e ma""ia)e, incl'din) d$nati$n# bet(een the p"$#pecti&e #p$'#e# made the"ein, #hall be "ende"ed &$id i% the ma""ia)e d$e# n$t ta6e place. ?$(e&e", #tip'lati$n# that d$ n$t depend 'p$n the celeb"ati$n $% the ma""ia)e# #hall be &alid. 0115a2 C#$%&'( 2. D,3$&*,3+ 5y R'$+,3 ,- M$((*$.' A"t. 81. >$nati$n# by "ea#$n $% ma""ia)e a"e th$#e (hich a"e made be%$"e it# celeb"ati$n, in c$n#ide"ati$n $% the #ame, and in %a&$" $% $ne $" b$th $% the %'t'"e #p$'#e#. 01192 A"t. 83. The#e d$nati$n# a"e )$&e"ned by the "'le# $n $"dina"y d$nati$n# e#tabli#hed in Title III $% A$$6 III $% the Ci&il C$de, in#$%a" a# they a"e n$t m$di%ied by the %$ll$(in) a"ticle#. 0118a2 A"t. 87. I% the %'t'"e #p$'#e# a)"ee 'p$n a "e)ime $the" than the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity $% p"$pe"ty, they cann$t d$nate t$ each $the" in thei" ma""ia)e #ettlement# m$"e than $ne;%i%th $% thei" p"e#ent p"$pe"ty. Any e/ce## #hall be c$n#ide"ed &$id. >$nati$n# $% %'t'"e p"$pe"ty #hall be )$&e"ned by the p"$&i#i$n# $n te#tamenta"y #'cce##i$n and the %$"malitie# $% (ill#. 013<a2 A"t. 85. >$nati$n# by "ea#$n $% ma""ia)e $% p"$pe"ty #'b-ect t$ enc'mb"ance# #hall be &alid. In ca#e $% %$"ecl$#'"e $% the enc'mb"ance and the p"$pe"ty i# #$ld %$" le## than the t$tal am$'nt $% the $bli)ati$n #ec'"ed, the d$nee #hall n$t be liable %$" the de%iciency. I% the p"$pe"ty i# #$ld %$" m$"e than the t$tal am$'nt $% #aid $bli)ati$n, the d$nee #hall be entitled t$ the e/ce##. 0131a2 A"t. 89. A d$nati$n by "ea#$n $% ma""ia)e may be "e&$6ed by the d$n$" in the %$ll$(in) ca#e#+ 012 I% the ma""ia)e i# n$t celeb"ated $" -'dicially decla"ed &$id ab initi$ e/cept d$nati$n# made in the ma""ia)e #ettlement#, (hich #hall be )$&e"ned by A"ticle 814 012 =hen the ma""ia)e ta6e# place (ith$'t the c$n#ent $% the pa"ent# $" )'a"dian, a# "e.'i"ed by la(4 032 =hen the ma""ia)e i# ann'lled, and the d$nee acted in bad %aith4 072 p$n le)al #epa"ati$n, the d$nee bein) the )'ilty #p$'#e4 052 I% it i# (ith a "e#$l't$"y c$nditi$n and the c$nditi$n i# c$mplied (ith4 092 =hen the d$nee ha# c$mmitted an act $% in)"atit'de a# #peci%ied by the p"$&i#i$n# $% the Ci&il C$de $n d$nati$n# in )ene"al. 0131a2 A"t. 88. @&e"y d$nati$n $" )"ant $% )"at'it$'# ad&anta)e, di"ect $" indi"ect, bet(een the #p$'#e# d'"in) the ma""ia)e #hall be &$id, e/cept m$de"ate )i%t# (hich the #p$'#e# may )i&e each $the" $n the $cca#i$n $% any %amily "e-$icin). The p"$hibiti$n #hall al#$ apply t$ pe"#$n# li&in) t$)ethe" a# h'#band and (i%e (ith$'t a &alid ma""ia)e. 0133a2 C#$%&'( 4. !y+&'0 ,- A5+,lu&' C,00u3*&y !'2&*,3 1. "'3'($l (,8*+*,3+ A"t. 88. The ab#$l'te c$mm'nity $% p"$pe"ty bet(een #p$'#e# #hall c$mmence at the p"eci#e m$ment that the ma""ia)e i# celeb"ated. Any #tip'lati$n, e/p"e## $" implied, %$" the c$mmencement $% the c$mm'nity "e)ime at any $the" time #hall be &$id. 0175a2
A"t. 89. N$ (ai&e" $% "i)ht#, #ha"e# and e%%ect# $% the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity $% p"$pe"ty d'"in) the ma""ia)e can be made e/cept in ca#e $% -'dicial #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty. =hen the (ai&e" ta6e# place 'p$n a -'dicial #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty, $" a%te" the ma""ia)e ha# been di##$l&ed $" ann'lled, the #ame #hall appea" in a p'blic in#t"'ment and #hall be "ec$"ded a# p"$&ided in A"ticle 88. The c"edit$"# $% the #p$'#e (h$ made #'ch (ai&e" may petiti$n the c$'"t t$ "e#cind the (ai&e" t$ the e/tent $% the am$'nt #'%%icient t$ c$&e" the am$'nt $% thei" c"edit#. 0179a2 A"t. 9<. The p"$&i#i$n# $n c$;$(ne"#hip #hall apply t$ the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity $% p"$pe"ty bet(een the #p$'#e# in all matte"# n$t p"$&ided %$" in thi# Chapte". 0n2 !'2&*,3 2. 7#$& C,3+&*&u&'+ C,00u3*&y (,%'(&y A"t. 91. nle## $the"(i#e p"$&ided in thi# Chapte" $" in the ma""ia)e #ettlement#, the c$mm'nity p"$pe"ty #hall c$n#i#t $% all the p"$pe"ty $(ned by the #p$'#e# at the time $% the celeb"ati$n $% the ma""ia)e $" ac.'i"ed the"ea%te". 0198a2 A"t. 91. The %$ll$(in) #hall be e/cl'ded %"$m the c$mm'nity p"$pe"ty+ 012 !"$pe"ty ac.'i"ed d'"in) the ma""ia)e by )"at'it$'# title by eithe" #p$'#e, and the %"'it# a# (ell a# the inc$me the"e$%, i% any, 'nle## it i# e/p"e##ly p"$&ided by the d$n$", te#tat$" $" )"ant$" that they #hall %$"m pa"t $% the c$mm'nity p"$pe"ty4 012 !"$pe"ty %$" pe"#$nal and e/cl'#i&e '#e $% eithe" #p$'#e. ?$(e&e", -e(el"y #hall %$"m pa"t $% the c$mm'nity p"$pe"ty4 032 !"$pe"ty ac.'i"ed be%$"e the ma""ia)e by eithe" #p$'#e (h$ ha# le)itimate de#cendant# by a %$"me" ma""ia)e, and the %"'it# a# (ell a# the inc$me, i% any, $% #'ch p"$pe"ty. 01<1a2 A"t. 93. !"$pe"ty ac.'i"ed d'"in) the ma""ia)e i# p"e#'med t$ bel$n) t$ the c$mm'nity, 'nle## it i# p"$&ed that it i# $ne $% th$#e e/cl'ded the"e%"$m. 019<2 !'2&*,3 4. C#$(.'+ $31 O5l*.$&*,3+ ,- &#' A5+,lu&' C,00u3*&y A"t. 97. The ab#$l'te c$mm'nity $% p"$pe"ty #hall be liable %$"+ 012 The #'pp$"t $% the #p$'#e#, thei" c$mm$n child"en, and le)itimate child"en $% eithe" #p$'#e4 h$(e&e", the #'pp$"t $% ille)itimate child"en #hall be )$&e"ned by the p"$&i#i$n# $% thi# C$de $n S'pp$"t4 012 All debt# and $bli)ati$n# c$nt"acted d'"in) the ma""ia)e by the de#i)nated admini#t"at$";#p$'#e %$" the bene%it $% the c$mm'nity, $" by b$th #p$'#e#, $" by $ne #p$'#e (ith the c$n#ent $% the $the"4 032 >ebt# and $bli)ati$n# c$nt"acted by eithe" #p$'#e (ith$'t the c$n#ent $% the $the" t$ the e/tent that the %amily may ha&e been bene%ited4 072 All ta/e#, lien#, cha")e# and e/pen#e#, incl'din) ma-$" $" min$" "epai"#, 'p$n the c$mm'nity p"$pe"ty4 052 All ta/e# and e/pen#e# %$" me"e p"e#e"&ati$n made d'"in) ma""ia)e 'p$n the #epa"ate p"$pe"ty $% eithe" #p$'#e '#ed by the %amily4 092 @/pen#e# t$ enable eithe" #p$'#e t$ c$mmence $" c$mplete a p"$%e##i$nal $" &$cati$nal c$'"#e, $" $the" acti&ity %$" #el%;imp"$&ement4
082 Anten'ptial debt# $% eithe" #p$'#e in#$%a" a# they ha&e "ed$'nded t$ the bene%it $% the %amily4 082 The &al'e $% (hat i# d$nated $" p"$mi#ed by b$th #p$'#e# in %a&$" $% thei" c$mm$n le)itimate child"en %$" the e/cl'#i&e p'"p$#e $% c$mmencin) $" c$mpletin) a p"$%e##i$nal $" &$cati$nal c$'"#e $" $the" acti&ity %$" #el%;imp"$&ement4 092 Anten'ptial debt# $% eithe" #p$'#e $the" than th$#e %allin) 'nde" pa"a)"aph 082 $% thi# A"ticle, the #'pp$"t $% ille)itimate child"en $% eithe" #p$'#e, and liabilitie# inc'""ed by eithe" #p$'#e by "ea#$n $% a c"ime $" a .'a#i;delict, in ca#e $% ab#ence $" in#'%%iciency $% the e/cl'#i&e p"$pe"ty $% the debt$"; #p$'#e, the payment $% (hich #hall be c$n#ide"ed a# ad&ance# t$ be ded'cted %"$m the #ha"e $% the debt$";#p$'#e 'p$n li.'idati$n $% the c$mm'nity4 and 01<2 @/pen#e# $% liti)ati$n bet(een the #p$'#e# 'nle## the #'it i# %$'nd t$ be )"$'ndle##. I% the c$mm'nity p"$pe"ty i# in#'%%icient t$ c$&e" the %$"e)$in) liabilitie#, e/cept th$#e %allin) 'nde" pa"a)"aph 092, the #p$'#e# #hall be #$lida"ily liable %$" the 'npaid balance (ith thei" #epa"ate p"$pe"tie#. 0191a, 191a, 193a, 1<1a;1<5a2 A"t. 95. =hate&e" may be l$#t d'"in) the ma""ia)e in any )ame $% chance, bettin), #(eep#ta6e#, $" any $the" 6ind $% )amblin), (hethe" pe"mitted $" p"$hibited by la(, #hall be b$"ne by the l$#e" and #hall n$t be cha")ed t$ the c$mm'nity b't any (innin)# the"e%"$m #hall %$"m pa"t $% the c$mm'nity p"$pe"ty. 0197a2 !'2&*,3 9. O:3'(+#*%, A10*3*+&($&*8', E3;,y0'3& $31 D*+%,+*&*,3 ,- &#' C,00u3*&y (,%'(&y A"t. 99. The admini#t"ati$n and en-$yment $% the c$mm'nity p"$pe"ty #hall bel$n) t$ b$th #p$'#e# -$intly. In ca#e $% di#a)"eement, the h'#band:# deci#i$n #hall p"e&ail, #'b-ect t$ "ec$'"#e t$ the c$'"t by the (i%e %$" p"$pe" "emedy, (hich m'#t be a&ailed $% (ithin %i&e yea"# %"$m the date $% the c$nt"act implementin) #'ch deci#i$n. In the e&ent that $ne #p$'#e i# incapacitated $" $the"(i#e 'nable t$ pa"ticipate in the admini#t"ati$n $% the c$mm$n p"$pe"tie#, the $the" #p$'#e may a##'me #$le p$(e"# $% admini#t"ati$n. The#e p$(e"# d$ n$t incl'de di#p$#iti$n $" enc'mb"ance (ith$'t a'th$"ity $% the c$'"t $" the ("itten c$n#ent $% the $the" #p$'#e. In the ab#ence $% #'ch a'th$"ity $" c$n#ent, the di#p$#iti$n $" enc'mb"ance #hall be &$id. ?$(e&e", the t"an#acti$n #hall be c$n#t"'ed a# a c$ntin'in) $%%e" $n the pa"t $% the c$n#entin) #p$'#e and the thi"d pe"#$n, and may be pe"%ected a# a bindin) c$nt"act 'p$n the acceptance by the $the" #p$'#e $" a'th$"i5ati$n by the c$'"t be%$"e the $%%e" i# (ithd"a(n by eithe" $" b$th $%%e"$"#. 01<9a2 A"t. 98. @ithe" #p$'#e may di#p$#e by (ill $% hi# $" he" inte"e#t in the c$mm'nity p"$pe"ty. 0n2 A"t. 98. Neithe" #p$'#e may d$nate any c$mm'nity p"$pe"ty (ith$'t the c$n#ent $% the $the". ?$(e&e", eithe" #p$'#e may, (ith$'t the c$n#ent $% the $the", ma6e m$de"ate d$nati$n# %"$m the c$mm'nity p"$pe"ty %$" cha"ity $" $n $cca#i$n# $% %amily "e-$icin) $" %amily di#t"e##. 0n2 !'2&*,3 <. D*++,lu&*,3 ,- A5+,lu&' C,00u3*&y R'.*0' A"t. 99. The ab#$l'te c$mm'nity te"minate#+ 012 p$n the death $% eithe" #p$'#e4 012 =hen the"e i# a dec"ee $% le)al #epa"ati$n4 032 =hen the ma""ia)e i# ann'lled $" decla"ed &$id4 $" 072 In ca#e $% -'dicial #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty d'"in) the ma""ia)e 'nde" A"ticle 137 t$ 138. 0185a2
A"t. 1<<. The #epa"ati$n in %act bet(een h'#band and (i%e #hall n$t a%%ect the "e)ime $% ab#$l'te c$mm'nity e/cept that+ 012 The #p$'#e (h$ lea&e# the c$n-')al h$me $" "e%'#e# t$ li&e the"ein, (ith$'t -'#t ca'#e, #hall n$t ha&e the "i)ht t$ be #'pp$"ted4 012 =hen the c$n#ent $% $ne #p$'#e t$ any t"an#acti$n $% the $the" i# "e.'i"ed by la(, -'dicial a'th$"i5ati$n #hall be $btained in a #'mma"y p"$ceedin)4 032 In the ab#ence $% #'%%icient c$mm'nity p"$pe"ty, the #epa"ate p"$pe"ty $% b$th #p$'#e# #hall be #$lida"ily liable %$" the #'pp$"t $% the %amily. The #p$'#e p"e#ent #hall, 'p$n p"$pe" petiti$n in a #'mma"y p"$ceedin), be )i&en -'dicial a'th$"ity t$ admini#te" $" enc'mbe" any #peci%ic #epa"ate p"$pe"ty $% the $the" #p$'#e and '#e the %"'it# $" p"$ceed# the"e$% t$ #ati#%y the latte":# #ha"e. 0188a2 A"t. 1<1. I% a #p$'#e (ith$'t -'#t ca'#e aband$n# the $the" $" %ail# t$ c$mply (ith hi# $" he" $bli)ati$n# t$ the %amily, the a))"ie&ed #p$'#e may petiti$n the c$'"t %$" "ecei&e"#hip, %$" -'dicial #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty $" %$" a'th$"ity t$ be the #$le admini#t"at$" $% the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity, #'b-ect t$ #'ch p"eca'ti$na"y c$nditi$n# a# the c$'"t may imp$#e. The $bli)ati$n# t$ the %amily menti$ned in the p"ecedin) pa"a)"aph "e%e" t$ ma"ital, pa"ental $" p"$pe"ty "elati$n#. A #p$'#e i# deemed t$ ha&e aband$ned the $the" (hen he" $" #he ha# le%t the c$n-')al d(ellin) (ith$'t intenti$n $% "et'"nin). The #p$'#e (h$ ha# le%t the c$n-')al d(ellin) %$" a pe"i$d $% th"ee m$nth# $" ha# %ailed (ithin the #ame pe"i$d t$ )i&e any in%$"mati$n a# t$ hi# $" he" (he"eab$'t# #hall be p"ima %acie p"e#'med t$ ha&e n$ intenti$n $% "et'"nin) t$ the c$n-')al d(ellin). 0188a2 !'2&*,3 6. L*)u*1$&*,3 ,- &#' A5+,lu&' C,00u3*&y A++'&+ $31 L*$5*l*&*'+ A"t. 1<1. p$n di##$l'ti$n $% the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity "e)ime, the %$ll$(in) p"$ced'"e #hall apply+
012 An in&ent$"y #hall be p"epa"ed, li#tin) #epa"ately all the p"$pe"tie# $% the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity and the e/cl'#i&e p"$pe"tie# $% each #p$'#e. 012 The debt# and $bli)ati$n# $% the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity #hall be paid $'t $% it# a##et#. In ca#e $% in#'%%iciency $% #aid a##et#, the #p$'#e# #hall be #$lida"ily liable %$" the 'npaid balance (ith thei" #epa"ate p"$pe"tie# in acc$"dance (ith the p"$&i#i$n# $% the #ec$nd pa"a)"aph $% A"ticle 97. 032 =hate&e" "emain# $% the e/cl'#i&e p"$pe"tie# $% the #p$'#e# #hall the"ea%te" be deli&e"ed t$ each $% them. 072 The net "emainde" $% the p"$pe"tie# $% the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity #hall c$n#tit'te it# net a##et#, (hich #hall be di&ided e.'ally bet(een h'#band and (i%e, 'nle## a di%%e"ent p"$p$"ti$n $" di&i#i$n (a# a)"eed 'p$n in the ma""ia)e #ettlement#, $" 'nle## the"e ha# been a &$l'nta"y (ai&e" $% #'ch #ha"e p"$&ided in thi# C$de. *$" p'"p$#e $% c$mp'tin) the net p"$%it# #'b-ect t$ %$"%eit'"e in acc$"dance (ith A"ticle# 73, N$. 012 and 93, N$. 012, the #aid p"$%it# #hall be the inc"ea#e in &al'e bet(een the ma"6et &al'e $% the c$mm'nity p"$pe"ty at the time $% the celeb"ati$n $% the ma""ia)e and the ma"6et &al'e at the time $% it# di##$l'ti$n. 052 The p"e#'mpti&e le)itime# $% the c$mm$n child"en #hall be deli&e"ed 'p$n pa"titi$n, in acc$"dance (ith A"ticle 51. 092 nle## $the"(i#e a)"eed 'p$n by the pa"tie#, in the pa"titi$n $% the p"$pe"tie#, the c$n-')al d(ellin) and the l$t $n (hich it i# #it'ated #hall be ad-'dicated t$ the #p$'#e (ith (h$m the ma-$"ity $% the c$mm$n child"en ch$$#e t$ "emain. Child"en bel$( the a)e $% #e&en yea"# a"e deemed t$
ha&e ch$#en the m$the", 'nle## the c$'"t ha# decided $the"(i#e. In ca#e the"e in n$ #'ch ma-$"ity, the c$'"t #hall decide, ta6in) int$ c$n#ide"ati$n the be#t inte"e#t# $% #aid child"en. 0n2 A"t. 1<3. p$n the te"minati$n $% the ma""ia)e by death, the c$mm'nity p"$pe"ty #hall be li.'idated in the #ame p"$ceedin) %$" the #ettlement $% the e#tate $% the decea#ed. I% n$ -'dicial #ettlement p"$ceedin) i# in#tit'ted, the #'"&i&in) #p$'#e #hall li.'idate the c$mm'nity p"$pe"ty eithe" -'dicially $" e/t"a;-'dicially (ithin #i/ m$nth# %"$m the death $% the decea#ed #p$'#e. I% 'p$n the lap#e $% the #i/ m$nth# pe"i$d, n$ li.'idati$n i# made, any di#p$#iti$n $" enc'mb"ance in&$l&in) the c$mm'nity p"$pe"ty $% the te"minated ma""ia)e #hall be &$id. Sh$'ld the #'"&i&in) #p$'#e c$nt"act a #'b#e.'ent ma""ia)e (ith$'t c$mpliance (ith the %$"e)$in) "e.'i"ement#, a mandat$"y "e)ime $% c$mplete #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty #hall )$&e"n the p"$pe"ty "elati$n# $% the #'b#e.'ent ma""ia)e. 0n2 A"t. 1<7. =hene&e" the li.'idati$n $% the c$mm'nity p"$pe"tie# $% t($ $" m$"e ma""ia)e# c$nt"acted by the #ame pe"#$n be%$"e the e%%ecti&ity $% thi# C$de i# ca""ied $'t #im'ltane$'#ly, the "e#pecti&e capital, %"'it# and inc$me $% each c$mm'nity #hall be dete"mined 'p$n #'ch p"$$% a# may be c$n#ide"ed acc$"din) t$ the "'le# $% e&idence. In ca#e $% d$'bt a# t$ (hich c$mm'nity the e/i#tin) p"$pe"tie# bel$n), the #ame #hall be di&ided bet(een the di%%e"ent c$mm'nitie# in p"$p$"ti$n t$ the capital and d'"ati$n $% each. 0189a2 C#$%&'( 9. C,3;u.$l $(&3'(+#*% ,- "$*3+ !'2&*,3 1. "'3'($l (,8*+*,3+ A"t. 1<5. In ca#e the %'t'"e #p$'#e# a)"ee in the ma""ia)e #ettlement# that the "e)ime $% c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip )ain# #hall )$&e"n thei" p"$pe"ty "elati$n# d'"in) ma""ia)e, the p"$&i#i$n# in thi# Chapte" #hall be $% #'pplementa"y applicati$n. The p"$&i#i$n# $% thi# Chapte" #hall al#$ apply t$ c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip# $% )ain# al"eady e#tabli#hed bet(een #p$'#e# be%$"e the e%%ecti&ity $% thi# C$de, (ith$'t p"e-'dice t$ &e#ted "i)ht# al"eady ac.'i"ed in acc$"dance (ith the Ci&il C$de $" $the" la(#, a# p"$&ided in A"ticle 159. 0n2 A"t. 1<9. nde" the "e)ime $% c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip $% )ain#, the h'#band and (i%e place in a c$mm$n %'nd the p"$ceed#, p"$d'ct#, %"'it# and inc$me %"$m thei" #epa"ate p"$pe"tie# and th$#e ac.'i"ed by eithe" $" b$th #p$'#e# th"$')h thei" e%%$"t# $" by chance, and, 'p$n di##$l'ti$n $% the ma""ia)e $" $% the pa"tne"#hip, the net )ain# $" bene%it# $btained by eithe" $" b$th #p$'#e# #hall be di&ided e.'ally bet(een them, 'nle## $the"(i#e a)"eed in the ma""ia)e #ettlement#. 0171a2 A"t. 1<8. The "'le# p"$&ided in A"ticle# 88 and 89 #hall al#$ apply t$ c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip $% )ain#. 0n2 A"t. 1<8. The c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip #hall be )$&e"ned by the "'le# $n the c$nt"act $% pa"tne"#hip in all that i# n$t in c$n%lict (ith (hat i# e/p"e##ly dete"mined in thi# Chapte" $" by the #p$'#e# in thei" ma""ia)e #ettlement#. 0178a2 !'2&*,3 2. E/2lu+*8' (,%'(&y ,- E$2# !%,u+' A"t. 1<9. The %$ll$(in) #hall be the e/cl'#i&e p"$pe"ty $% each #p$'#e+ 012 That (hich i# b"$')ht t$ the ma""ia)e a# hi# $" he" $(n4 012 That (hich each ac.'i"e# d'"in) the ma""ia)e by )"at'it$'# title4 032 That (hich i# ac.'i"ed by "i)ht $% "edempti$n, by ba"te" $" by e/chan)e (ith p"$pe"ty bel$n)in) t$ $nly $ne $% the #p$'#e#4 and
072 That (hich i# p'"cha#ed (ith e/cl'#i&e m$ney $% the (i%e $" $% the h'#band. 0178a2 A"t. 11<. The #p$'#e# "etain the $(ne"#hip, p$##e##i$n, admini#t"ati$n and en-$yment $% thei" e/cl'#i&e p"$pe"tie#. @ithe" #p$'#e may, d'"in) the ma""ia)e, t"an#%e" the admini#t"ati$n $% hi# $" he" e/cl'#i&e p"$pe"ty t$ the $the" by mean# $% a p'blic in#t"'ment, (hich #hall be "ec$"ded in the "e)i#t"y $% p"$pe"ty $% the place the p"$pe"ty i# l$cated. 0138a, 198a, 199a2 A"t. 111. A #p$'#e $% a)e may m$"t)a)e, enc'mbe", alienate $" $the"(i#e di#p$#e $% hi# $" he" e/cl'#i&e p"$pe"ty, (ith$'t the c$n#ent $% the $the" #p$'#e, and appea" al$ne in c$'"t t$ liti)ate (ith "e)a"d t$ the #ame. 0n2 A"t. 111. The alienati$n $% any e/cl'#i&e p"$pe"ty $% a #p$'#e admini#te"ed by the $the" a't$matically te"minate# the admini#t"ati$n $&e" #'ch p"$pe"ty and the p"$ceed# $% the alienati$n #hall be t'"ned $&e" t$ the $(ne";#p$'#e. 0n2 A"t. 113. !"$pe"ty d$nated $" le%t by (ill t$ the #p$'#e#, -$intly and (ith de#i)nati$n $% dete"minate #ha"e#, #hall pe"tain t$ the d$nee;#p$'#e# a# hi# $" he" $(n e/cl'#i&e p"$pe"ty, and in the ab#ence $% de#i)nati$n, #ha"e and #ha"e ali6e, (ith$'t p"e-'dice t$ the "i)ht $% acc"eti$n (hen p"$pe". 015<a2 A"t. 117. I% the d$nati$n# a"e $ne"$'#, the am$'nt $% the cha")e# #hall be b$"ne by the e/cl'#i&e p"$pe"ty $% the d$nee #p$'#e, (hene&e" they ha&e been ad&anced by the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip $% )ain#. 0151a2 A"t. 115. Reti"ement bene%it#, pen#i$n#, ann'itie#, )"at'itie#, '#'%"'ct# and #imila" bene%it# #hall be )$&e"ned by the "'le# $n )"at'it$'# $" $ne"$'# ac.'i#iti$n# a# may be p"$pe" in each ca#e. 0n2 !'2&*,3 4. C,3;u.$l $(&3'(+#*% (,%'(&y A"t. 119. All p"$pe"ty ac.'i"ed d'"in) the ma""ia)e, (hethe" the ac.'i#iti$n appea"# t$ ha&e been made, c$nt"acted $" "e)i#te"ed in the name $% $ne $" b$th #p$'#e#, i# p"e#'med t$ be c$n-')al 'nle## the c$nt"a"y i# p"$&ed. 019<a2 A"t. 118. The %$ll$(in) a"e c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip p"$pe"tie#+ 012 Th$#e ac.'i"ed by $ne"$'# title d'"in) the ma""ia)e at the e/pen#e $% the c$mm$n %'nd, (hethe" the ac.'i#iti$n be %$" the pa"tne"#hip, $" %$" $nly $ne $% the #p$'#e#4 012 Th$#e $btained %"$m the lab$", ind'#t"y, ($"6 $" p"$%e##i$n $% eithe" $" b$th $% the #p$'#e#4 032 The %"'it#, nat'"al, ind'#t"ial, $" ci&il, d'e $" "ecei&ed d'"in) the ma""ia)e %"$m the c$mm$n p"$pe"ty, a# (ell a# the net %"'it# %"$m the e/cl'#i&e p"$pe"ty $% each #p$'#e4 072 The #ha"e $% eithe" #p$'#e in the hidden t"ea#'"e (hich the la( a(a"d# t$ the %inde" $" $(ne" $% the p"$pe"ty (he"e the t"ea#'"e i# %$'nd4 052 Th$#e ac.'i"ed th"$')h $cc'pati$n #'ch a# %i#hin) $" h'ntin)4 092 3i&e#t$c6 e/i#tin) 'p$n the di##$l'ti$n $% the pa"tne"#hip in e/ce## $% the n'mbe" $% each 6ind b"$')ht t$ the ma""ia)e by eithe" #p$'#e4 and 082 Th$#e (hich a"e ac.'i"ed by chance, #'ch a# (innin)# %"$m )amblin) $" bettin). ?$(e&e", l$##e# the"e%"$m #hall be b$"ne e/cl'#i&ely by the l$#e";#p$'#e. 0153a, 157a, 155, 1592
A"t. 118. !"$pe"ty b$')ht $n in#tallment# paid pa"tly %"$m e/cl'#i&e %'nd# $% eithe" $" b$th #p$'#e# and pa"tly %"$m c$n-')al %'nd# bel$n)# t$ the b'ye" $" b'ye"# i% %'ll $(ne"#hip (a# &e#ted be%$"e the ma""ia)e and t$ the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip i% #'ch $(ne"#hip (a# &e#ted d'"in) the ma""ia)e. In eithe" ca#e, any am$'nt ad&anced by the pa"tne"#hip $" by eithe" $" b$th #p$'#e# #hall be "eimb'"#ed by the $(ne" $" $(ne"# 'p$n li.'idati$n $% the pa"tne"#hip. 0n2 A"t. 119. =hene&e" an am$'nt $" c"edit payable (ithin a pe"i$d $% time bel$n)# t$ $ne $% the #p$'#e#, the #'m# (hich may be c$llected d'"in) the ma""ia)e in pa"tial payment# $" by in#tallment# $n the p"incipal #hall be the e/cl'#i&e p"$pe"ty $% the #p$'#e. ?$(e&e", inte"e#t# %allin) d'e d'"in) the ma""ia)e $n the p"incipal #hall bel$n) t$ the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip. 0159a, 158a2 A"t. 11<. The $(ne"#hip $% imp"$&ement#, (hethe" %$" 'tility $" ad$"nment, made $n the #epa"ate p"$pe"ty $% the #p$'#e# at the e/pen#e $% the pa"tne"#hip $" th"$')h the act# $" e%%$"t# $% eithe" $" b$th #p$'#e# #hall pe"tain t$ the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip, $" t$ the $"i)inal $(ne";#p$'#e, #'b-ect t$ the %$ll$(in) "'le#+ =hen the c$#t $% the imp"$&ement made by the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip and any "e#'ltin) inc"ea#e in &al'e a"e m$"e than the &al'e $% the p"$pe"ty at the time $% the imp"$&ement, the enti"e p"$pe"ty $% $ne $% the #p$'#e# #hall bel$n) t$ the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip, #'b-ect t$ "eimb'"#ement $% the &al'e $% the p"$pe"ty $% the $(ne"; #p$'#e at the time $% the imp"$&ement4 $the"(i#e, #aid p"$pe"ty #hall be "etained in $(ne"#hip by the $(ne"; #p$'#e, li6e(i#e #'b-ect t$ "eimb'"#ement $% the c$#t $% the imp"$&ement. In eithe" ca#e, the $(ne"#hip $% the enti"e p"$pe"ty #hall be &e#ted 'p$n the "eimb'"#ement, (hich #hall be made at the time $% the li.'idati$n $% the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip. 0158a2 !'2&*,3 9. C#$(.'+ U%,3 $31 O5l*.$&*,3+ ,- &#' C,3;u.$l $(&3'(+#*% A"t. 111. The c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip #hall be liable %$"+ 012 The #'pp$"t $% the #p$'#e, thei" c$mm$n child"en, and the le)itimate child"en $% eithe" #p$'#e4 h$(e&e", the #'pp$"t $% ille)itimate child"en #hall be )$&e"ned by the p"$&i#i$n# $% thi# C$de $n S'pp$"t4 012 All debt# and $bli)ati$n# c$nt"acted d'"in) the ma""ia)e by the de#i)nated admini#t"at$";#p$'#e %$" the bene%it $% the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip $% )ain#, $" by b$th #p$'#e# $" by $ne $% them (ith the c$n#ent $% the $the"4 032 >ebt# and $bli)ati$n# c$nt"acted by eithe" #p$'#e (ith$'t the c$n#ent $% the $the" t$ the e/tent that the %amily may ha&e bene%ited4 072 All ta/e#, lien#, cha")e#, and e/pen#e#, incl'din) ma-$" $" min$" "epai"# 'p$n the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip p"$pe"ty4 052 All ta/e# and e/pen#e# %$" me"e p"e#e"&ati$n made d'"in) the ma""ia)e 'p$n the #epa"ate p"$pe"ty $% eithe" #p$'#e4 092 @/pen#e# t$ enable eithe" #p$'#e t$ c$mmence $" c$mplete a p"$%e##i$nal, &$cati$nal, $" $the" acti&ity %$" #el%;imp"$&ement4 082 Anten'ptial debt# $% eithe" #p$'#e in#$%a" a# they ha&e "ed$'nded t$ the bene%it $% the %amily4 082 The &al'e $% (hat i# d$nated $" p"$mi#ed by b$th #p$'#e# in %a&$" $% thei" c$mm$n le)itimate child"en %$" the e/cl'#i&e p'"p$#e $% c$mmencin) $" c$mpletin) a p"$%e##i$nal $" &$cati$nal c$'"#e $" $the" acti&ity %$" #el%;imp"$&ement4 and 092 @/pen#e# $% liti)ati$n bet(een the #p$'#e# 'nle## the #'it i# %$'nd t$ )"$'ndle##.
I% the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip i# in#'%%icient t$ c$&e" the %$"e)$in) liabilitie#, the #p$'#e# #hall be #$lida"ily liable %$" the 'npaid balance (ith thei" #epa"ate p"$pe"tie#. 0191a2 A"t. 111. The payment $% pe"#$nal debt# c$nt"acted by the h'#band $" the (i%e be%$"e $" d'"in) the ma""ia)e #hall n$t be cha")ed t$ the c$n-')al p"$pe"tie# pa"tne"#hip e/cept in#$%a" a# they "ed$'nded t$ the bene%it $% the %amily. Neithe" #hall the %ine# and pec'nia"y indemnitie# imp$#ed 'p$n them be cha")ed t$ the pa"tne"#hip. ?$(e&e", the payment $% pe"#$nal debt# c$nt"acted by eithe" #p$'#e be%$"e the ma""ia)e, that $% %ine# and indemnitie# imp$#ed 'p$n them, a# (ell a# the #'pp$"t $% ille)itimate child"en $% eithe" #p$'#e, may be en%$"ced a)ain#t the pa"tne"#hip a##et# a%te" the "e#p$n#ibilitie# en'me"ated in the p"ecedin) A"ticle ha&e been c$&e"ed, i% the #p$'#e (h$ i# b$'nd #h$'ld ha&e n$ e/cl'#i&e p"$pe"ty $" i% it #h$'ld be in#'%%icient4 b't at the time $% the li.'idati$n $% the pa"tne"#hip, #'ch #p$'#e #hall be cha")ed %$" (hat ha# been paid %$" the p'"p$#e ab$&e;menti$ned. 0193a2 A"t. 113. =hate&e" may be l$#t d'"in) the ma""ia)e in any )ame $% chance $" in bettin), #(eep#ta6e#, $" any $the" 6ind $% )amblin) (hethe" pe"mitted $" p"$hibited by la(, #hall be b$"ne by the l$#e" and #hall n$t be cha")ed t$ the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip b't any (innin)# the"e%"$m #hall %$"m pa"t $% the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip p"$pe"ty. 0197a2 !'2&*,3 <. A10*3*+&($&*,3 ,- &#' C,3;u.$l $(&3'(+#*% (,%'(&y A"t. 117. The admini#t"ati$n and en-$yment $% the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip #hall bel$n) t$ b$th #p$'#e# -$intly. In ca#e $% di#a)"eement, the h'#band:# deci#i$n #hall p"e&ail, #'b-ect t$ "ec$'"#e t$ the c$'"t by the (i%e %$" p"$pe" "emedy, (hich m'#t be a&ailed $% (ithin %i&e yea"# %"$m the date $% the c$nt"act implementin) #'ch deci#i$n. In the e&ent that $ne #p$'#e i# incapacitated $" $the"(i#e 'nable t$ pa"ticipate in the admini#t"ati$n $% the c$n-')al p"$pe"tie#, the $the" #p$'#e may a##'me #$le p$(e"# $% admini#t"ati$n. The#e p$(e"# d$ n$t incl'de di#p$#iti$n $" enc'mb"ance (ith$'t a'th$"ity $% the c$'"t $" the ("itten c$n#ent $% the $the" #p$'#e. In the ab#ence $% #'ch a'th$"ity $" c$n#ent, the di#p$#iti$n $" enc'mb"ance #hall be &$id. ?$(e&e", the t"an#acti$n #hall be c$n#t"'ed a# a c$ntin'in) $%%e" $n the pa"t $% the c$n#entin) #p$'#e and the thi"d pe"#$n, and may be pe"%ected a# a bindin) c$nt"act 'p$n the acceptance by the $the" #p$'#e $" a'th$"i5ati$n by the c$'"t be%$"e the $%%e" i# (ithd"a(n by eithe" $" b$th $%%e"$"#. 0195a2 A"t. 115. Neithe" #p$'#e may d$nate any c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip p"$pe"ty (ith$'t the c$n#ent $% the $the". ?$(e&e", eithe" #p$'#e may, (ith$'t the c$n#ent $% the $the", ma6e m$de"ate d$nati$n# %"$m the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip p"$pe"ty %$" cha"ity $" $n $cca#i$n# $% %amily "e-$icin) $" %amily di#t"e##. 0187a2 !'2&*,3 6. D*++,lu&*,3 ,- C,3;u.$l $(&3'(+#*% R'.*0' A"t. 119. The c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip te"minate#+ 012 p$n the death $% eithe" #p$'#e4 012 =hen the"e i# a dec"ee $% le)al #epa"ati$n4 032 =hen the ma""ia)e i# ann'lled $" decla"ed &$id4 $" 072 In ca#e $% -'dicial #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty d'"in) the ma""ia)e 'nde" A"ticle# 137 t$ 138 0185a2 A"t. 118. The #epa"ati$n in %act bet(een h'#band and (i%e #hall n$t a%%ect the "e)ime $% c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip, e/cept that+
012 The #p$'#e (h$ lea&e# the c$n-')al h$me $" "e%'#e# t$ li&e the"ein, (ith$'t -'#t ca'#e, #hall n$t ha&e the "i)ht t$ be #'pp$"ted4 012 =hen the c$n#ent $% $ne #p$'#e t$ any t"an#acti$n $% the $the" i# "e.'i"ed by la(, -'dicial a'th$"i5ati$n #hall be $btained in a #'mma"y p"$ceedin)4 032 In the ab#ence $% #'%%icient c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip p"$pe"ty, the #epa"ate p"$pe"ty $% b$th #p$'#e# #hall be #$lida"ily liable %$" the #'pp$"t $% the %amily. The #p$'#e p"e#ent #hall, 'p$n petiti$n in a #'mma"y p"$ceedin), be )i&en -'dicial a'th$"ity t$ admini#te" $" enc'mbe" any #peci%ic #epa"ate p"$pe"ty $% the $the" #p$'#e and '#e the %"'it# $" p"$ceed# the"e$% t$ #ati#%y the latte":# #ha"e. 0188a2 A"t. 118. I% a #p$'#e (ith$'t -'#t ca'#e aband$n# the $the" $" %ail# t$ c$mply (ith hi# $" he" $bli)ati$n t$ the %amily, the a))"ie&ed #p$'#e may petiti$n the c$'"t %$" "ecei&e"#hip, %$" -'dicial #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty, $" %$" a'th$"ity t$ be the #$le admini#t"at$" $% the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip p"$pe"ty, #'b-ect t$ #'ch p"eca'ti$na"y c$nditi$n# a# the c$'"t may imp$#e. The $bli)ati$n# t$ the %amily menti$ned in the p"ecedin) pa"a)"aph "e%e" t$ ma"ital, pa"ental $" p"$pe"ty "elati$n#. A #p$'#e i# deemed t$ ha&e aband$ned the $the" (hen he $" #he ha# le%t the c$n-')al d(ellin) (ith$'t intenti$n $% "et'"nin). The #p$'#e (h$ ha# le%t the c$n-')al d(ellin) %$" a pe"i$d $% th"ee m$nth# $" ha# %ailed (ithin the #ame pe"i$d t$ )i&e any in%$"mati$n a# t$ hi# $" he" (he"eab$'t# #hall be p"ima %acie p"e#'med t$ ha&e n$ intenti$n $% "et'"nin) t$ the c$n-')al d(ellin). 0198a, 191a2 !'2&*,3 7. L*)u*1$&*,3 ,- &#' C,3;u.$l $(&3'(+#*% A++'&+ $31 L*$5*l*&*'+ A"t. 119. p$n the di##$l'ti$n $% the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip "e)ime, the %$ll$(in) p"$ced'"e #hall apply+
012 An in&ent$"y #hall be p"epa"ed, li#tin) #epa"ately all the p"$pe"tie# $% the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip and the e/cl'#i&e p"$pe"tie# $% each #p$'#e. 012 Am$'nt# ad&anced by the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip in payment $% pe"#$nal debt# and $bli)ati$n# $% eithe" #p$'#e #hall be c"edited t$ the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip a# an a##et the"e$%. 032 @ach #p$'#e #hall be "eimb'"#ed %$" the '#e $% hi# $" he" e/cl'#i&e %'nd# in the ac.'i#iti$n $% p"$pe"ty $" %$" the &al'e $% hi# $" he" e/cl'#i&e p"$pe"ty, the $(ne"#hip $% (hich ha# been &e#ted by la( in the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip. 072 The debt# and $bli)ati$n# $% the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip #hall be paid $'t $% the c$n-')al a##et#. In ca#e $% in#'%%iciency $% #aid a##et#, the #p$'#e# #hall be #$lida"ily liable %$" the 'npaid balance (ith thei" #epa"ate p"$pe"tie#, in acc$"dance (ith the p"$&i#i$n# $% pa"a)"aph 012 $% A"ticle 111. 052 =hate&e" "emain# $% the e/cl'#i&e p"$pe"tie# $% the #p$'#e# #hall the"ea%te" be deli&e"ed t$ each $% them. 092 nle## the $(ne" had been indemni%ied %"$m (hate&e" #$'"ce, the l$## $" dete"i$"ati$n $% m$&able# '#ed %$" the bene%it $% the %amily, bel$n)in) t$ eithe" #p$'#e, e&en d'e t$ %$"t'it$'# e&ent, #hall be paid t$ #aid #p$'#e %"$m the c$n-')al %'nd#, i% any. 082 The net "emainde" $% the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip p"$pe"tie# #hall c$n#tit'te the p"$%it#, (hich #hall be di&ided e.'ally bet(een h'#band and (i%e, 'nle## a di%%e"ent p"$p$"ti$n $" di&i#i$n (a# a)"eed 'p$n in the ma""ia)e #ettlement# $" 'nle## the"e ha# been a &$l'nta"y (ai&e" $" %$"%eit'"e $% #'ch #ha"e a# p"$&ided in thi# C$de. 082 The p"e#'mpti&e le)itime# $% the c$mm$n child"en #hall be deli&e"ed 'p$n the pa"titi$n in acc$"dance (ith A"ticle 51.
092 In the pa"titi$n $% the p"$pe"tie#, the c$n-')al d(ellin) and the l$t $n (hich it i# #it'ated #hall, 'nle## $the"(i#e a)"eed 'p$n by the pa"tie#, be ad-'dicated t$ the #p$'#e (ith (h$m the ma-$"ity $% the c$mm$n child"en ch$$#e t$ "emain. Child"en bel$( the a)e $% #e&en yea"# a"e deemed t$ ha&e ch$#en the m$the", 'nle## the c$'"t ha# decided $the"(i#e. In ca#e the"e i# n$ #'ch ma-$"ity, the c$'"t #hall decide, ta6in) int$ c$n#ide"ati$n the be#t inte"e#t# $% #aid child"en. 0181a, 181a, 183a, 187a, 185a2 A"t. 13<. p$n the te"minati$n $% the ma""ia)e by death, the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip p"$pe"ty #hall be li.'idated in the #ame p"$ceedin) %$" the #ettlement $% the e#tate $% the decea#ed. I% n$ -'dicial #ettlement p"$ceedin) i# in#tit'ted, the #'"&i&in) #p$'#e #hall li.'idate the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip p"$pe"ty eithe" -'dicially $" e/t"a;-'dicially (ithin #i/ m$nth# %"$m the death $% the decea#ed #p$'#e. I% 'p$n the lap#e $% the #i/;m$nth pe"i$d n$ li.'idati$n i# made, any di#p$#iti$n $" enc'mb"ance in&$l&in) the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip p"$pe"ty $% the te"minated ma""ia)e #hall be &$id. Sh$'ld the #'"&i&in) #p$'#e c$nt"act a #'b#e.'ent ma""ia)e (ith$'t c$mpliance (ith the %$"e)$in) "e.'i"ement#, a mandat$"y "e)ime $% c$mplete #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty #hall )$&e"n the p"$pe"ty "elati$n# $% the #'b#e.'ent ma""ia)e. 0n2 A"t. 131. =hene&e" the li.'idati$n $% the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip p"$pe"tie# $% t($ $" m$"e ma""ia)e# c$nt"acted by the #ame pe"#$n be%$"e the e%%ecti&ity $% thi# C$de i# ca""ied $'t #im'ltane$'#ly, the "e#pecti&e capital, %"'it# and inc$me $% each pa"tne"#hip #hall be dete"mined 'p$n #'ch p"$$% a# may be c$n#ide"ed acc$"din) t$ the "'le# $% e&idence. In ca#e $% d$'bt a# t$ (hich pa"tne"#hip the e/i#tin) p"$pe"tie# bel$n), the #ame #hall be di&ided bet(een the di%%e"ent pa"tne"#hip# in p"$p$"ti$n t$ the capital and d'"ati$n $% each. 0189a2 A"t. 131. The R'le# $% C$'"t $n the admini#t"ati$n $% e#tate# $% decea#ed pe"#$n# #hall be $b#e"&ed in the app"ai#al and #ale $% p"$pe"ty $% the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip, and $the" matte"# (hich a"e n$t e/p"e##ly dete"mined in thi# Chapte". 0188a2 A"t. 133. *"$m the c$mm$n ma## $% p"$pe"ty #'pp$"t #hall be )i&en t$ the #'"&i&in) #p$'#e and t$ the child"en d'"in) the li.'idati$n $% the in&ent$"ied p"$pe"ty and 'ntil (hat bel$n)# t$ them i# deli&e"ed4 b't %"$m thi# #hall be ded'cted that am$'nt "ecei&ed %$" #'pp$"t (hich e/ceed# the %"'it# $" "ent# pe"tainin) t$ them. 0188a2 C#$%&'( <. !'%$($&*,3 ,- (,%'(&y ,- &#' !%,u+'+ $31 A10*3*+&($&*,3 ,- C,00,3 (,%'(&y 5y O3' !%,u+' Du(*3. &#' M$((*$.'
A"t. 137. In the ab#ence $% an e/p"e## decla"ati$n in the ma""ia)e #ettlement#, the #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty bet(een #p$'#e# d'"in) the ma""ia)e #hall n$t ta6e place e/cept by -'dicial $"de". S'ch -'dicial #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty may eithe" be &$l'nta"y $" %$" #'%%icient ca'#e. 019<a2 A"t. 135. Any $% the %$ll$(in) #hall be c$n#ide"ed #'%%icient ca'#e %$" -'dicial #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty+ 012 That the #p$'#e $% the petiti$ne" ha# been #entenced t$ a penalty (hich ca""ie# (ith it ci&il inte"dicti$n4 012 That the #p$'#e $% the petiti$ne" ha# been -'dicially decla"ed an ab#entee4 032 That l$## $% pa"ental a'th$"ity $% the #p$'#e $% petiti$ne" ha# been dec"eed by the c$'"t4 072 That the #p$'#e $% the petiti$ne" ha# aband$ned the latte" $" %ailed t$ c$mply (ith hi# $" he" $bli)ati$n# t$ the %amily a# p"$&ided %$" in A"ticle 1<14
052 That the #p$'#e )"anted the p$(e" $% admini#t"ati$n in the ma""ia)e #ettlement# ha# ab'#ed that p$(e"4 and 092 That at the time $% the petiti$n, the #p$'#e# ha&e been #epa"ated in %act %$" at lea#t $ne yea" and "ec$nciliati$n i# hi)hly imp"$bable. In the ca#e# p"$&ided %$" in N'mbe"# 012, 012 and 032, the p"e#entati$n $% the %inal -'d)ment a)ain#t the )'ilty $" ab#ent #p$'#e #hall be en$')h ba#i# %$" the )"ant $% the dec"ee $% -'dicial #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty. 0191a2 A"t. 139. The #p$'#e# may -$intly %ile a &e"i%ied petiti$n (ith the c$'"t %$" the &$l'nta"y di##$l'ti$n $% the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity $" the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip $% )ain#, and %$" the #epa"ati$n $% thei" c$mm$n p"$pe"tie#. All c"edit$"# $% the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity $" $% the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip $% )ain#, a# (ell a# the pe"#$nal c"edit$"# $% the #p$'#e, #hall be li#ted in the petiti$n and n$ti%ied $% the %ilin) the"e$%. The c$'"t #hall ta6e mea#'"e# t$ p"$tect the c"edit$"# and $the" pe"#$n# (ith pec'nia"y inte"e#t. 0191a2 A"t. 138. Once the #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty ha# been dec"eed, the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity $" the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip $% )ain# #hall be li.'idated in c$n%$"mity (ith thi# C$de. >'"in) the pendency $% the p"$ceedin)# %$" #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty, the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity $" the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip #hall pay %$" the #'pp$"t $% the #p$'#e# and thei" child"en. 0191a2 A"t. 138. A%te" di##$l'ti$n $% the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity $" $% the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip, the p"$&i#i$n# $n c$mplete #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty #hall apply. 0191a2 A"t. 139. The petiti$n %$" #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty and the %inal -'d)ment )"antin) the #ame #hall be "ec$"ded in the p"$pe" l$cal ci&il "e)i#t"ie# and "e)i#t"ie# $% p"$pe"ty. 0193a2 A"t. 17<. The #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty #hall n$t p"e-'dice the "i)ht# p"e&i$'#ly ac.'i"ed by c"edit$"#. 0197a2 A"t. 171. The #p$'#e# may, in the #ame p"$ceedin)# (he"e #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty (a# dec"eed, %ile a m$ti$n in c$'"t %$" a dec"ee "e&i&in) the p"$pe"ty "e)ime that e/i#ted bet(een them be%$"e the #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty in any $% the %$ll$(in) in#tance#+ 012 =hen the ci&il inte"dicti$n te"minate#4 012 =hen the ab#entee #p$'#e "eappea"#4 032 =hen the c$'"t, bein) #ati#%ied that the #p$'#e )"anted the p$(e" $% admini#t"ati$n in the ma""ia)e #ettlement# (ill n$t a)ain ab'#e that p$(e", a'th$"i5e# the "e#'mpti$n $% #aid admini#t"ati$n4 072 =hen the #p$'#e (h$ ha# le%t the c$n-')al h$me (ith$'t a dec"ee $% le)al #epa"ati$n "e#'me# c$mm$n li%e (ith the $the"4 052 =hen pa"ental a'th$"ity i# -'dicially "e#t$"ed t$ the #p$'#e p"e&i$'#ly dep"i&ed the"e$%4 092 =hen the #p$'#e# (h$ ha&e #epa"ated in %act %$" at lea#t $ne yea", "ec$ncile and "e#'me c$mm$n li%e4 $" 082 =hen a%te" &$l'nta"y di##$l'ti$n $% the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity $% p"$pe"ty $" c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip ha# been -'dicially dec"eed 'p$n the -$int petiti$n $% the #p$'#e#, they a)"ee t$ the "e&i&al $% the %$"me" p"$pe"ty "e)ime. N$ &$l'nta"y #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty may the"ea%te" be )"anted. The "e&i&al $% the %$"me" p"$pe"ty "e)ime #hall be )$&e"ned by A"ticle 98. 0195a2
A"t. 171. The admini#t"ati$n $% all cla##e# $% e/cl'#i&e p"$pe"ty $% eithe" #p$'#e may be t"an#%e""ed by the c$'"t t$ the $the" #p$'#e+ 012 =hen $ne #p$'#e bec$me# the )'a"dian $% the $the"4 012 =hen $ne #p$'#e i# -'dicially decla"ed an ab#entee4 032 =hen $ne #p$'#e i# #entenced t$ a penalty (hich ca""ie# (ith it ci&il inte"dicti$n4 $" 072 =hen $ne #p$'#e bec$me# a %')iti&e %"$m -'#tice $" i# in hidin) a# an acc'#ed in a c"iminal ca#e. I% the $the" #p$'#e i# n$t .'ali%ied by "ea#$n $% inc$mpetence, c$n%lict $% inte"e#t, $" any $the" -'#t ca'#e, the c$'"t #hall app$int a #'itable pe"#$n t$ be the admini#t"at$". 0n2 C#$%&'( 6. R'.*0' ,- !'%$($&*,3 ,- (,%'(&y A"t. 173. Sh$'ld the %'t'"e #p$'#e# a)"ee in the ma""ia)e #ettlement# that thei" p"$pe"ty "elati$n# d'"in) ma""ia)e #hall be )$&e"ned by the "e)ime $% #epa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty, the p"$&i#i$n# $% thi# Chapte" #hall be #'pplet$"y. 0111a2 A"t. 177. Sepa"ati$n $% p"$pe"ty may "e%e" t$ p"e#ent $" %'t'"e p"$pe"ty $" b$th. It may be t$tal $" pa"tial. In the latte" ca#e, the p"$pe"ty n$t a)"eed 'p$n a# #epa"ate #hall pe"tain t$ the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity. 0113a2 A"t. 175. @ach #p$'#e #hall $(n, di#p$#e $%, p$##e##, admini#te" and en-$y hi# $" he" $(n #epa"ate e#tate, (ith$'t need $% the c$n#ent $% the $the". T$ each #p$'#e #hall bel$n) all ea"nin)# %"$m hi# $" he" p"$%e##i$n, b'#ine## $" ind'#t"y and all %"'it#, nat'"al, ind'#t"ial $" ci&il, d'e $" "ecei&ed d'"in) the ma""ia)e %"$m hi# $" he" #epa"ate p"$pe"ty. 0117a2 A"t. 179. A$th #p$'#e# #hall bea" the %amily e/pen#e# in p"$p$"ti$n t$ thei" inc$me, $", in ca#e $% in#'%%iciency $" de%a'lt the"e$%, t$ the c'""ent ma"6et &al'e $% thei" #epa"ate p"$pe"tie#. The liabilitie# $% the #p$'#e# t$ c"edit$"# %$" %amily e/pen#e# #hall, h$(e&e", be #$lida"y. 0115a2 C#$%&'( 7. (,%'(&y R'.*0' ,- U3*,3+ 7*&#,u& M$((*$.' A"t. 178. =hen a man and a ($man (h$ a"e capacitated t$ ma""y each $the", li&e e/cl'#i&ely (ith each $the" a# h'#band and (i%e (ith$'t the bene%it $% ma""ia)e $" 'nde" a &$id ma""ia)e, thei" (a)e# and #ala"ie# #hall be $(ned by them in e.'al #ha"e# and the p"$pe"ty ac.'i"ed by b$th $% them th"$')h thei" ($"6 $" ind'#t"y #hall be )$&e"ned by the "'le# $n c$;$(ne"#hip. In the ab#ence $% p"$$% t$ the c$nt"a"y, p"$pe"tie# ac.'i"ed (hile they li&ed t$)ethe" #hall be p"e#'med t$ ha&e been $btained by thei" -$int e%%$"t#, ($"6 $" ind'#t"y, and #hall be $(ned by them in e.'al #ha"e#. *$" p'"p$#e# $% thi# A"ticle, a pa"ty (h$ did n$t pa"ticipate in the ac.'i#iti$n by the $the" pa"ty $% any p"$pe"ty #hall be deemed t$ ha&e c$nt"ib'ted -$intly in the ac.'i#iti$n the"e$% i% the %$"me":# e%%$"t# c$n#i#ted in the ca"e and maintenance $% the %amily and $% the h$'#eh$ld. Neithe" pa"ty can enc'mbe" $" di#p$#e by act# inte" &i&$# $% hi# $" he" #ha"e in the p"$pe"ty ac.'i"ed d'"in) c$habitati$n and $(ned in c$mm$n, (ith$'t the c$n#ent $% the $the", 'ntil a%te" the te"minati$n $% thei" c$habitati$n. =hen $nly $ne $% the pa"tie# t$ a &$id ma""ia)e i# in )$$d %aith, the #ha"e $% the pa"ty in bad %aith in the c$; $(ne"#hip #hall be %$"%eited in %a&$" $% thei" c$mm$n child"en. In ca#e $% de%a'lt $% $" (ai&e" by any $" all $% the c$mm$n child"en $" thei" de#cendant#, each &acant #ha"e #hall bel$n) t$ the "e#pecti&e #'"&i&in) de#cendant#. In the ab#ence $% de#cendant#, #'ch #ha"e #hall bel$n) t$ the inn$cent pa"ty. In all ca#e#, the %$"%eit'"e #hall ta6e place 'p$n te"minati$n $% the c$habitati$n. 0177a2
A"t. 178. In ca#e# $% c$habitati$n n$t %allin) 'nde" the p"ecedin) A"ticle, $nly the p"$pe"tie# ac.'i"ed by b$th $% the pa"tie# th"$')h thei" act'al -$int c$nt"ib'ti$n $% m$ney, p"$pe"ty, $" ind'#t"y #hall be $(ned by them in c$mm$n in p"$p$"ti$n t$ thei" "e#pecti&e c$nt"ib'ti$n#. In the ab#ence $% p"$$% t$ the c$nt"a"y, thei" c$nt"ib'ti$n# and c$""e#p$ndin) #ha"e# a"e p"e#'med t$ be e.'al. The #ame "'le and p"e#'mpti$n #hall apply t$ -$int dep$#it# $% m$ney and e&idence# $% c"edit. I% $ne $% the pa"tie# i# &alidly ma""ied t$ an$the", hi# $" he" #ha"e in the c$;$(ne"#hip #hall acc"'e t$ the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity $" c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip e/i#tin) in #'ch &alid ma""ia)e. I% the pa"ty (h$ acted in bad %aith i# n$t &alidly ma""ied t$ an$the", hi# $" he" #hall be %$"%eited in the manne" p"$&ided in the la#t pa"a)"aph $% the p"ecedin) A"ticle. The %$"e)$in) "'le# $n %$"%eit'"e #hall li6e(i#e apply e&en i% b$th pa"tie# a"e in b$th %aith. 0177a2 TITLE V THE FAMILY C#$%&'( 1. T#' F$0*ly $+ $3 I3+&*&u&*,3 A"t. 179. The %amily, bein) the %$'ndati$n $% the nati$n, i# a ba#ic #$cial in#tit'ti$n (hich p'blic p$licy che"i#he# and p"$tect#. C$n#e.'ently, %amily "elati$n# a"e )$&e"ned by la( and n$ c'#t$m, p"actice $" a)"eement de#t"'cti&e $% the %amily #hall be "ec$)ni5ed $" )i&en e%%ect. 0119a, 118a2 A"t. 5<. *amily "elati$n# incl'de th$#e+ 012 Aet(een h'#band and (i%e4 012 Aet(een pa"ent# and child"en4 032 Am$n) b"$the"# and #i#te"#, (hethe" $% the %'ll $" hal%bl$$d. 0118a2 A"t. 151. N$ #'it bet(een membe"# $% the #ame %amily #hall p"$#pe" 'nle## it #h$'ld appea" %"$m the &e"i%ied c$mplaint $" petiti$n that ea"ne#t e%%$"t# t$(a"d a c$mp"$mi#e ha&e been made, b't that the #ame ha&e %ailed. I% it i# #h$(n that n$ #'ch e%%$"t# (e"e in %act made, the #ame ca#e m'#t be di#mi##ed. Thi# "'le# #hall n$t apply t$ ca#e# (hich may n$t be the #'b-ect $% c$mp"$mi#e 'nde" the Ci&il C$de. 0111a2 C#$%&'( 2. T#' F$0*ly H,0' A"t. 151. The %amily h$me, c$n#tit'ted -$intly by the h'#band and the (i%e $" by an 'nma""ied head $% a %amily, i# the d(ellin) h$'#e (he"e they and thei" %amily "e#ide, and the land $n (hich it i# #it'ated. 0113a2 A"t. 153. The %amily h$me i# deemed c$n#tit'ted $n a h$'#e and l$t %"$m the time it i# $cc'pied a# a %amily "e#idence. *"$m the time $% it# c$n#tit'ti$n and #$ l$n) a# any $% it# bene%icia"ie# act'ally "e#ide# the"ein, the %amily h$me c$ntin'e# t$ be #'ch and i# e/empt %"$m e/ec'ti$n, %$"ced #ale $" attachment e/cept a# he"eina%te" p"$&ided and t$ the e/tent $% the &al'e all$(ed by la(. 0113a2 A"t. 157. The bene%icia"ie# $% a %amily h$me a"e+ 012 The h'#band and (i%e, $" an 'nma""ied pe"#$n (h$ i# the head $% a %amily4 and 012 Thei" pa"ent#, a#cendant#, de#cendant#, b"$the"# and #i#te"#, (hethe" the "elati$n#hip be le)itimate $" ille)itimate, (h$ a"e li&in) in the %amily h$me and (h$ depend 'p$n the head $% the %amily %$" le)al #'pp$"t. 0119a2 A"t. 155. The %amily h$me #hall be e/empt %"$m e/ec'ti$n, %$"ced #ale $" attachment e/cept+
012 *$" n$npayment $% ta/e#4 012 *$" debt# inc'""ed p"i$" t$ the c$n#tit'ti$n $% the %amily h$me4 032 *$" debt# #ec'"ed by m$"t)a)e# $n the p"emi#e# be%$"e $" a%te" #'ch c$n#tit'ti$n4 and 072 *$" debt# d'e t$ lab$"e"#, mechanic#, a"chitect#, b'ilde"#, mate"ialmen and $the"# (h$ ha&e "ende"ed #e"&ice $" %'"ni#hed mate"ial %$" the c$n#t"'cti$n $% the b'ildin). 0173a2 A"t. 159. The %amily h$me m'#t be pa"t $% the p"$pe"tie# $% the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity $" the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip, $" $% the e/cl'#i&e p"$pe"tie# $% eithe" #p$'#e (ith the latte":# c$n#ent. It may al#$ be c$n#tit'ted by an 'nma""ied head $% a %amily $n hi# $" he" $(n p"$pe"ty. Ne&e"thele##, p"$pe"ty that i# the #'b-ect $% a c$nditi$nal #ale $n in#tallment# (he"e $(ne"#hip i# "e#e"&ed by the &end$" $nly t$ )'a"antee payment $% the p'"cha#e p"ice may be c$n#tit'ted a# a %amily h$me. 0118a, 118a2 A"t. 158. The act'al &al'e $% the %amily h$me #hall n$t e/ceed, at the time $% it# c$n#tit'ti$n, the am$'nt $% the th"ee h'nd"ed th$'#and pe#$# in '"ban a"ea#, and t($ h'nd"ed th$'#and pe#$# in "'"al a"ea#, $" #'ch am$'nt# a# may he"ea%te" be %i/ed by la(. In any e&ent, i% the &al'e $% the c'""ency chan)e# a%te" the ad$pti$n $% thi# C$de, the &al'e m$#t %a&$"able %$" the c$n#tit'ti$n $% a %amily h$me #hall be the ba#i# $% e&al'ati$n. *$" p'"p$#e# $% thi# A"ticle, '"ban a"ea# a"e deemed t$ incl'de cha"te"ed citie# and m'nicipalitie# (h$#e ann'al inc$me at lea#t e.'al# that le)ally "e.'i"ed %$" cha"te"ed citie#. All $the"# a"e deemed t$ be "'"al a"ea#. 0131a2 A"t. 158. The %amily h$me may be #$ld, alienated, d$nated, a##i)ned $" enc'mbe"ed by the $(ne" $" $(ne"# the"e$% (ith the ("itten c$n#ent $% the pe"#$n c$n#tit'tin) the #ame, the latte":# #p$'#e, and a ma-$"ity $% the bene%icia"ie# $% le)al a)e. In ca#e $% c$n%lict, the c$'"t #hall decide. 0135a2 A"t. 159. The %amily h$me #hall c$ntin'e de#pite the death $% $ne $" b$th #p$'#e# $" $% the 'nma""ied head $% the %amily %$" a pe"i$d $% ten yea"# $" %$" a# l$n) a# the"e i# a min$" bene%icia"y, and the hei"# cann$t pa"titi$n the #ame 'nle## the c$'"t %ind# c$mpellin) "ea#$n# the"e%$". Thi# "'le #hall apply "e)a"dle## $% (h$e&e" $(n# the p"$pe"ty $" c$n#tit'ted the %amily h$me. 0138a2 A"t. 19<. =hen a c"edit$" (h$#e claim# i# n$t am$n) th$#e menti$ned in A"ticle 155 $btain# a -'d)ment in hi# %a&$", and he ha# "ea#$nable )"$'nd# t$ belie&e that the %amily h$me i# act'ally ($"th m$"e than the ma/im'm am$'nt %i/ed in A"ticle 158, he may apply t$ the c$'"t (hich "ende"ed the -'d)ment %$" an $"de" di"ectin) the #ale $% the p"$pe"ty 'nde" e/ec'ti$n. The c$'"t #hall #$ $"de" i% it %ind# that the act'al &al'e $% the %amily h$me e/ceed# the ma/im'm am$'nt all$(ed by la( a# $% the time $% it# c$n#tit'ti$n. I% the inc"ea#ed act'al &al'e e/ceed# the ma/im'm all$(ed in A"ticle 158 and "e#'lt# %"$m #'b#e.'ent &$l'nta"y imp"$&ement# int"$d'ced by the pe"#$n $" pe"#$n# c$n#tit'tin) the %amily h$me, by the $(ne" $" $(ne"# $% the p"$pe"ty, $" by any $% the bene%icia"ie#, the #ame "'le and p"$ced'"e #hall apply. At the e/ec'ti$n #ale, n$ bid bel$( the &al'e all$(ed %$" a %amily h$me #hall be c$n#ide"ed. The p"$ceed# #hall be applied %i"#t t$ the am$'nt menti$ned in A"ticle 158, and then t$ the liabilitie# 'nde" the -'d)ment and the c$#t#. The e/ce##, i% any, #hall be deli&e"ed t$ the -'d)ment debt$". 0178a, 178a2 A"t. 191. *$" p'"p$#e# $% a&ailin) $% the bene%it# $% a %amily h$me a# p"$&ided %$" in thi# Chapte", a pe"#$n may c$n#tit'te, $" be the bene%icia"y $%, $nly $ne %amily h$me. 0n2 A"t. 191. The p"$&i#i$n# in thi# Chapte" #hall al#$ )$&e"n e/i#tin) %amily "e#idence# in#$%a" a# #aid p"$&i#i$n# a"e applicable. 0n2
TITLE VI ATERNITY AND FILIATION C#$%&'( 1. L'.*&*0$&' C#*l1('3 A"t. 193. The %iliati$n $% child"en may be by nat'"e $" by ad$pti$n. Nat'"al %iliati$n may be le)itimate $" ille)itimate. 0n2 A"t. 197. Child"en c$ncei&ed $" b$"n d'"in) the ma""ia)e $% the pa"ent# a"e le)itimate. Child"en c$ncei&ed a# a "e#'lt $% a"ti%icial in#eminati$n $% the (i%e (ith the #pe"m $% the h'#band $" that $% a d$n$" $" b$th a"e li6e(i#e le)itimate child"en $% the h'#band and hi# (i%e, p"$&ided, that b$th $% them a'th$"i5ed $" "ati%ied #'ch in#eminati$n in a ("itten in#t"'ment e/ec'ted and #i)ned by them be%$"e the bi"th $% the child. The in#t"'ment #hall be "ec$"ded in the ci&il "e)i#t"y t$)ethe" (ith the bi"th ce"ti%icate $% the child. 055a, 158a2 A"t. 195. Child"en c$ncei&ed and b$"n $'t#ide a &alid ma""ia)e a"e ille)itimate, 'nle## $the"(i#e p"$&ided in thi# C$de. 0n2 A"t. 199. 3e)itimacy $% a child may be imp')ned $nly $n the %$ll$(in) )"$'nd#+ 012 That it (a# phy#ically imp$##ible %$" the h'#band t$ ha&e #e/'al inte"c$'"#e (ith hi# (i%e (ithin the %i"#t 11< day# $% the 3<< day# (hich immediately p"eceded the bi"th $% the child beca'#e $%+ 0a2 the phy#ical incapacity $% the h'#band t$ ha&e #e/'al inte"c$'"#e (ith hi# (i%e4 0b2 the %act that the h'#band and (i%e (e"e li&in) #epa"ately in #'ch a (ay that #e/'al inte"c$'"#e (a# n$t p$##ible4 $" 0c2 #e"i$'# illne## $% the h'#band, (hich ab#$l'tely p"e&ented #e/'al inte"c$'"#e4 012 That it i# p"$&ed that %$" bi$l$)ical $" $the" #cienti%ic "ea#$n#, the child c$'ld n$t ha&e been that $% the h'#band, e/cept in the in#tance p"$&ided in the #ec$nd pa"a)"aph $% A"ticle 1974 $" 032 That in ca#e $% child"en c$ncei&ed th"$')h a"ti%icial in#eminati$n, the ("itten a'th$"i5ati$n $" "ati%icati$n $% eithe" pa"ent (a# $btained th"$')h mi#ta6e, %"a'd, &i$lence, intimidati$n, $" 'nd'e in%l'ence. 0155a2 A"t. 198. The child #hall be c$n#ide"ed le)itimate alth$')h the m$the" may ha&e decla"ed a)ain#t it# le)itimacy $" may ha&e been #entenced a# an ad'lte"e##. 0159a2 A"t. 198. I% the ma""ia)e i# te"minated and the m$the" c$nt"acted an$the" ma""ia)e (ithin th"ee h'nd"ed day# a%te" #'ch te"minati$n $% the %$"me" ma""ia)e, the#e "'le# #hall )$&e"n in the ab#ence $% p"$$% t$ the c$nt"a"y+ 012 A child b$"n be%$"e $ne h'nd"ed ei)hty day# a%te" the #$lemni5ati$n $% the #'b#e.'ent ma""ia)e i# c$n#ide"ed t$ ha&e been c$ncei&ed d'"in) the %$"me" ma""ia)e, p"$&ided it be b$"n (ithin th"ee h'nd"ed day# a%te" the te"minati$n $% the %$"me" ma""ia)e4 012 A child b$"n a%te" $ne h'nd"ed ei)hty day# %$ll$(in) the celeb"ati$n $% the #'b#e.'ent ma""ia)e i# c$n#ide"ed t$ ha&e been c$ncei&ed d'"in) #'ch ma""ia)e, e&en th$')h it be b$"n (ithin the th"ee h'nd"ed day# a%te" the te"minati$n $% the %$"me" ma""ia)e. 0159a2
A"t. 199. The le)itimacy $" ille)itimacy $% a child b$"n a%te" th"ee h'nd"ed day# %$ll$(in) the te"minati$n $% the ma""ia)e #hall be p"$&ed by (h$e&e" alle)e# #'ch le)itimacy $" ille)itimacy. 0191a2 A"t. 18<. The acti$n t$ imp')n the le)itimacy $% the child #hall be b"$')ht (ithin $ne yea" %"$m the 6n$(led)e $% the bi"th $" it# "ec$"din) in the ci&il "e)i#te", i% the h'#band $", in a p"$pe" ca#e, any $% hi# hei"#, #h$'ld "e#ide in the city $" m'nicipality (he"e the bi"th t$$6 place $" (a# "ec$"ded. I% the h'#band $", in hi# de%a'lt, all $% hi# hei"# d$ n$t "e#ide at the place $% bi"th a# de%ined in the %i"#t pa"a)"aph $" (he"e it (a# "ec$"ded, the pe"i$d #hall be t($ yea"# i% they #h$'ld "e#ide in the !hilippine#4 and th"ee yea"# i% ab"$ad. I% the bi"th $% the child ha# been c$ncealed %"$m $" (a# 'n6n$(n t$ the h'#band $" hi# hei"#, the pe"i$d #hall be c$'nted %"$m the di#c$&e"y $" 6n$(led)e $% the bi"th $% the child $" $% the %act $% "e)i#t"ati$n $% #aid bi"th, (hiche&e" i# ea"lie". 0193a2 A"t. 181. The hei"# $% the h'#band may imp')n the %iliati$n $% the child (ithin the pe"i$d p"e#c"ibed in the p"ecedin) a"ticle $nly in the %$ll$(in) ca#e#+ 012 I% the h'#band #h$'ld died be%$"e the e/pi"ati$n $% the pe"i$d %i/ed %$" b"in)in) hi# acti$n4 012 I% he #h$'ld die a%te" the %ilin) $% the c$mplaint (ith$'t ha&in) de#i#ted the"e%"$m4 $" 032 I% the child (a# b$"n a%te" the death $% the h'#band. 0191a2 C#$%&'( 2. (,,- ,- F*l*$&*,3 A"t. 181. The %iliati$n $% le)itimate child"en i# e#tabli#hed by any $% the %$ll$(in)+ 012 The "ec$"d $% bi"th appea"in) in the ci&il "e)i#te" $" a %inal -'d)ment4 $" 012 An admi##i$n $% le)itimate %iliati$n in a p'blic d$c'ment $" a p"i&ate hand("itten in#t"'ment and #i)ned by the pa"ent c$nce"ned. In the ab#ence $% the %$"e)$in) e&idence, the le)itimate %iliati$n #hall be p"$&ed by+ 012 The $pen and c$ntin'$'# p$##e##i$n $% the #tat'# $% a le)itimate child4 $" 012 Any $the" mean# all$(ed by the R'le# $% C$'"t and #pecial la(#. 0195a, 199a, 198a2 A"t. 183. The acti$n t$ claim le)itimacy may be b"$')ht by the child d'"in) hi# $" he" li%etime and #hall be t"an#mitted t$ the hei"# #h$'ld the child die d'"in) min$"ity $" in a #tate $% in#anity. In the#e ca#e#, the hei"# #hall ha&e a pe"i$d $% %i&e yea"# (ithin (hich t$ in#tit'te the acti$n. A"t. 187. 3e)itimate child"en #hall ha&e the "i)ht+ 012 T$ bea" the #'"name# $% the %athe" and the m$the", in c$n%$"mity (ith the p"$&i#i$n# $% the Ci&il C$de $n S'"name#4 012 T$ "ecei&e #'pp$"t %"$m thei" pa"ent#, thei" a#cendant#, and in p"$pe" ca#e#, thei" b"$the"# and #i#te"#, in c$n%$"mity (ith the p"$&i#i$n# $% thi# C$de $n S'pp$"t4 and 032 T$ be entitled t$ the le)itimate and $the" #'cce##i$nal "i)ht# )"anted t$ them by the Ci&il C$de. 0197a2 C#$%&'( 4. Ill'.*&*0$&' C#*l1('3
A"t. 185. Ille)itimate child"en may e#tabli#h thei" ille)itimate %iliati$n in the #ame (ay and $n the #ame e&idence a# le)itimate child"en. The acti$n m'#t be b"$')ht (ithin the #ame pe"i$d #peci%ied in A"ticle 183, e/cept (hen the acti$n i# ba#ed $n the #ec$nd pa"a)"aph $% A"ticle 181, in (hich ca#e the acti$n may be b"$')ht d'"in) the li%etime $% the alle)ed pa"ent. 0189a2 A"t. 189. Ille)itimate child"en #hall '#e the #'"name and #hall be 'nde" the pa"ental a'th$"ity $% thei" m$the", and #hall be entitled t$ #'pp$"t in c$n%$"mity (ith thi# C$de. The le)itime $% each ille)itimate child #hall c$n#i#t $% $ne;hal% $% the le)itime $% a le)itimate child. @/cept %$" thi# m$di%icati$n, all $the" p"$&i#i$n# in the Ci&il C$de )$&e"nin) #'cce##i$nal "i)ht# #hall "emain in %$"ce. 0188a2 C#$%&'( 9. L'.*&*0$&'1 C#*l1('3 A"t. 188. Only child"en c$ncei&ed and b$"n $'t#ide $% (edl$c6 $% pa"ent# (h$, at the time $% the c$ncepti$n $% the %$"me", (e"e n$t di#.'ali%ied by any impediment t$ ma""y each $the" may be le)itimated. 0199a2 A"t. 188. 3e)itimati$n #hall ta6e place by a #'b#e.'ent &alid ma""ia)e bet(een pa"ent#. The ann'lment $% a &i$dable ma""ia)e #hall n$t a%%ect the le)itimati$n. 018<a2 A"t. 189. 3e)itimated child"en #hall en-$y the #ame "i)ht# a# le)itimate child"en. 0181a2 A"t. 18<. The e%%ect# $% le)itimati$n #hall "et"$act t$ the time $% the child:# bi"th. 0183a2 A"t. 181. The le)itimati$n $% child"en (h$ died be%$"e the celeb"ati$n $% the ma""ia)e #hall bene%it thei" de#cendant#. 01872 A"t. 181. 3e)itimati$n may be imp')ned $nly by th$#e (h$ a"e p"e-'diced in thei" "i)ht#, (ithin %i&e yea"# %"$m the time thei" ca'#e $% acti$n acc"'e#. 0185a2 TITLE VII ADO TION A"t. 183. A pe"#$n $% a)e and in p$##e##i$n $% %'ll ci&il capacity and le)al "i)ht# may ad$pt, p"$&ided he i# in a p$#iti$n t$ #'pp$"t and ca"e %$" hi# child"en, le)itimate $" ille)itimate, in 6eepin) (ith the mean# $% the %amily. Only min$"# may be ad$pted, e/cept in the ca#e# (hen the ad$pti$n $% a pe"#$n $% ma-$"ity a)e i# all$(ed in thi# Title. In additi$n, the ad$pte" m'#t be at lea#t #i/teen yea"# $lde" than the pe"#$n t$ be ad$pted, 'nle## the ad$pte" i# the pa"ent by nat'"e $% the ad$pted, $" i# the #p$'#e $% the le)itimate pa"ent $% the pe"#$n t$ be ad$pted. 018a, @O 91 and !> 9<32 A"t. 187. The %$ll$(in) pe"#$n# may n$t ad$pt+ 012 The )'a"dian (ith "e#pect t$ the (a"d p"i$" t$ the app"$&al $% the %inal acc$'nt# "ende"ed 'p$n the te"minati$n $% thei" )'a"dian#hip "elati$n4 012 Any pe"#$n (h$ ha# been c$n&icted $% a c"ime in&$l&in) m$"al t'"pit'de4 032 An alien, e/cept+ 0a2 A %$"me" *ilipin$ citi5en (h$ #ee6# t$ ad$pt a "elati&e by c$n#an)'inity4
0b2 One (h$ #ee6# t$ ad$pt the le)itimate child $% hi# $" he" *ilipin$ #p$'#e4 $" 0c2 One (h$ i# ma""ied t$ a *ilipin$ citi5en and #ee6# t$ ad$pt -$intly (ith hi# $" he" #p$'#e a "elati&e by c$n#an)'inity $% the latte". Alien# n$t incl'ded in the %$"e)$in) e/cepti$n# may ad$pt *ilipin$ child"en in acc$"dance (ith the "'le# $n inte";c$'nt"y ad$pti$n# a# may be p"$&ided by la(. 018a, @O 91 and !> 9<32 A"t. 185. ?'#band and (i%e m'#t -$intly ad$pt, e/cept in the %$ll$(in) ca#e#+ 012 =hen $ne #p$'#e #ee6# t$ ad$pt hi# $(n ille)itimate child4 $" 012 =hen $ne #p$'#e #ee6# t$ ad$pt the le)itimate child $% the $the". 019a, @O 91 and !> 9<32 A"t. 189. In ca#e h'#band and (i%e -$intly ad$pt $" $ne #p$'#e ad$pt# the le)itimate child $% the $the", -$int pa"ental a'th$"ity #hall be e/e"ci#ed by the #p$'#e# in acc$"dance (ith thi# C$de. 019a, @O and !> 9<32 A"t. 188. The %$ll$(in) may n$t be ad$pted+ 012 A pe"#$n $% le)al a)e, 'nle## he $" #he i# a child by nat'"e $% the ad$pte" $" hi# $" he" #p$'#e, $", p"i$" t$ the ad$pti$n, #aid pe"#$n ha# been c$n#i#tently c$n#ide"ed and t"eated by the ad$pte" a# hi# $" he" $(n child d'"in) min$"ity. 012 An alien (ith (h$#e )$&e"nment the Rep'blic $% the !hilippine# ha# n$ dipl$matic "elati$n#4 and 032 A pe"#$n (h$ ha# al"eady been ad$pted 'nle## #'ch ad$pti$n ha# been p"e&i$'#ly "e&$6ed $" "e#cinded. 03<a, @O 91 and !> 9<32 A"t. 188. The ("itten c$n#ent $% the %$ll$(in) t$ the ad$pti$n #hall be nece##a"y+ 012 The pe"#$n t$ be ad$pted, i% ten yea"# $% a)e $" $&e", 012 The pa"ent# by nat'"e $% the child, the le)al )'a"dian, $" the p"$pe" )$&e"nment in#t"'mentality4 032 The le)itimate and ad$pted child"en, ten yea"# $% a)e $" $&e", $% the ad$ptin) pa"ent $" pa"ent#4 072 The ille)itimate child"en, ten yea"# $% a)e $" $&e", $% the ad$ptin) pa"ent, i% li&in) (ith #aid pa"ent and the latte":# #p$'#e, i% any4 and 052 The #p$'#e, i% any, $% the pe"#$n ad$ptin) $" t$ be ad$pted. 031a, @O 91 and !> 9<32 A"t. 189. Ad$pti$n #hall ha&e the %$ll$(in) e%%ect#+ 012 *$" ci&il p'"p$#e#, the ad$pted #hall be deemed t$ be a le)itimate child $% the ad$pte"# and b$th #hall ac.'i"e the "ecip"$cal "i)ht# and $bli)ati$n# a"i#in) %"$m the "elati$n#hip $% pa"ent and child, incl'din) the "i)ht $% the ad$pted t$ '#e the #'"name $% the ad$pte"#4 012 The pa"ental a'th$"ity $% the pa"ent# by nat'"e $&e" the ad$pted #hall te"minate and be &e#ted in the ad$pte"#, e/cept that i% the ad$pte" i# the #p$'#e $% the pa"ent by nat'"e $% the ad$pted, pa"ental a'th$"ity $&e" the ad$pted #hall be e/e"ci#ed -$intly by b$th #p$'#e#4 and 032 The ad$pted #hall "emain an inte#tate hei" $% hi# pa"ent# and $the" bl$$d "elati&e#. 039012a, 032a, !> 9<32
A"t. 19<. 3e)al $" inte#tate #'cce##i$n t$ the e#tate $% the ad$pted #hall be )$&e"ned by the %$ll$(in) "'le#+ 012 3e)itimate and ille)itimate child"en and de#cendant# and the #'"&i&in) #p$'#e $% the ad$pted #hall inhe"it %"$m the ad$pted, in acc$"dance (ith the $"dina"y "'le# $% le)al $" inte#tate #'cce##i$n4 012 =hen the pa"ent#, le)itimate $" ille)itimate, $" the le)itimate a#cendant# $% the ad$pted c$nc'" (ith the ad$pte", they #hall di&ide the enti"e e#tate, $ne;hal% t$ be inhe"ited by the pa"ent# $" a#cendant# and the $the" hal%, by the ad$pte"#4 032 =hen the #'"&i&in) #p$'#e $" the ille)itimate child"en $% the ad$pted c$nc'" (ith the ad$pte"#, they #hall di&ide the enti"e e#tate in e.'al #ha"e#, $ne;hal% t$ be inhe"ited by the #p$'#e $" the ille)itimate child"en $% the ad$pted and the $the" hal%, by the ad$pte"#. 072 =hen the ad$pte"# c$nc'" (ith the ille)itimate child"en and the #'"&i&in) #p$'#e $% the ad$pted, they #hall di&ide the enti"e e#tate in e.'al #ha"e#, $ne;thi"d t$ be inhe"ited by the ille)itimate child"en, $ne;thi"d by the #'"&i&in) #p$'#e, and $ne;thi"d by the ad$pte"#4 052 =hen $nly the ad$pte"# #'"&i&e, they #hall inhe"it the enti"e e#tate4 and 092 =hen $nly c$llate"al bl$$d "elati&e# $% the ad$pted #'"&i&e, then the $"dina"y "'le# $% le)al $" inte#tate #'cce##i$n #hall apply. 039072a, !> 9<32 A"t. 191. I% the ad$pted i# a min$" $" $the"(i#e incapacitated, the ad$pti$n may be -'dicially "e#cinded 'p$n petiti$n $% any pe"#$n a'th$"i5ed by the c$'"t $" p"$pe" )$&e"nment in#t"'mental actin) $n hi# behal%, $n the #ame )"$'nd# p"e#c"ibed %$" l$## $" #'#pen#i$n $% pa"ental a'th$"ity. I% the ad$pted i# at lea#t ei)hteen yea"# $% a)e, he may petiti$n %$" -'dicial "e#ci##i$n $% the ad$pti$n $n the #ame )"$'nd# p"e#c"ibed %$" di#inhe"itin) an a#cendant. 07<a, !> 9<32 A"t. 191. The ad$pte"# may petiti$n the c$'"t %$" the -'dicial "e#ci##i$n $% the ad$pti$n in any $% the %$ll$(in) ca#e#+ 012 I% the ad$pted ha# c$mmitted any act c$n#tit'tin) )"$'nd %$" di#inhe"itin) a de#cendant4 $" 012 =hen the ad$pted ha# aband$ned the h$me $% the ad$pte"# d'"in) min$"ity %$" at lea#t $ne yea", $", by #$me $the" act#, ha# de%initely "ep'diated the ad$pti$n. 071a, !> 9<32 A"t. 193. I% the ad$pted min$" ha# n$t "eached the a)e $% ma-$"ity at the time $% the -'dicial "e#ci##i$n $% the ad$pti$n, the c$'"t in the #ame p"$ceedin) #hall "ein#tate the pa"ental a'th$"ity $% the pa"ent# by nat'"e, 'nle## the latte" a"e di#.'ali%ied $" incapacitated, in (hich ca#e the c$'"t #hall app$int a )'a"dian $&e" the pe"#$n and p"$pe"ty $% the min$". I% the ad$pted pe"#$n i# phy#ically $" mentally handicapped, the c$'"t #hall app$int in the #ame p"$ceedin) a )'a"dian $&e" hi# pe"#$n $" p"$pe"ty $" b$th. D'dicial "e#ci##i$n $% the ad$pti$n #hall e/tin)'i#h all "ecip"$cal "i)ht# and $bli)ati$n# bet(een the ad$pte"# and the ad$pted a"i#in) %"$m the "elati$n#hip $% pa"ent and child. The ad$pted #hall li6e(i#e l$#e the "i)ht t$ '#e the #'"name# $% the ad$pte"# and #hall "e#'me hi# #'"name p"i$" t$ the ad$pti$n. The c$'"t #hall acc$"din)ly $"de" the amendment $% the "ec$"d# in the p"$pe" "e)i#t"ie#. 071a, !> 9<32 TITLE VIII !U ORT A"t. 197. S'pp$"t c$mp"$mi#e# e&e"ythin) indi#pen#able %$" #'#tenance, d(ellin), cl$thin), medical attendance, ed'cati$n and t"an#p$"tati$n, in 6eepin) (ith the %inancial capacity $% the %amily.
The ed'cati$n $% the pe"#$n entitled t$ be #'pp$"ted "e%e""ed t$ in the p"ecedin) pa"a)"aph #hall incl'de hi# #ch$$lin) $" t"ainin) %$" #$me p"$%e##i$n, t"ade $" &$cati$n, e&en bey$nd the a)e $% ma-$"ity. T"an#p$"tati$n #hall incl'de e/pen#e# in )$in) t$ and %"$m #ch$$l, $" t$ and %"$m place $% ($"6. 019<a2 A"t. 1<5. S'b-ect t$ the p"$&i#i$n# $% the #'cceedin) a"ticle#, the %$ll$(in) a"e $bli)ed t$ #'pp$"t each $the" t$ the (h$le e/tent #et %$"th in the p"ecedin) a"ticle+ 012 The #p$'#e#4 012 3e)itimate a#cendant# and de#cendant#4 032 !a"ent# and thei" le)itimate child"en and the le)itimate and ille)itimate child"en $% the latte"4 072 !a"ent# and thei" ille)itimate child"en and the le)itimate and ille)itimate child"en $% the latte"4 and 052 3e)itimate b"$the"# and #i#te"#, (hethe" $% %'ll $" hal%;bl$$d 0191a2 A"t. 199. A"$the"# and #i#te"# n$t le)itimately "elated, (hethe" $% the %'ll $" hal%;bl$$d, a"e li6e(i#e b$'nd t$ #'pp$"t each $the" t$ the %'ll e/tent #et %$"th in A"ticle 197, e/cept $nly (hen the need %$" #'pp$"t $% the b"$the" $" #i#te", bein) $% a)e, i# d'e t$ a ca'#e imp'table t$ the claimant:# %a'lt $" ne)li)ence. 0191a2 A"t. 198. In ca#e $% le)itimate a#cendant#4 de#cendant#, (hethe" le)itimate $" ille)itimate4 and b"$the"# and #i#te"#, (hethe" le)itimately $" ille)itimately "elated, $nly the #epa"ate p"$pe"ty $% the pe"#$n $bli)ed t$ )i&e #'pp$"t #hall be an#(e"able p"$&ided that in ca#e the $bli)$" ha# n$ #epa"ate p"$pe"ty, the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity $" the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip, i% %inancially capable, #hall ad&ance the #'pp$"t, (hich #hall be ded'cted %"$m the #ha"e $% the #p$'#e $bli)ed 'p$n the li.'idati$n $% the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity $" $% the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip. 0n2 A"t. 198. >'"in) the p"$ceedin)# %$" le)al #epa"ati$n $" %$" ann'lment $% ma""ia)e, and %$" decla"ati$n $% n'llity $% ma""ia)e, the #p$'#e# and thei" child"en #hall be #'pp$"ted %"$m the p"$pe"tie# $% the ab#$l'te c$mm'nity $" the c$n-')al pa"tne"#hip. A%te" the %inal -'d)ment )"antin) the petiti$n, the $bli)ati$n $% m't'al #'pp$"t bet(een the #p$'#e# cea#e#. ?$(e&e", in ca#e $% le)al #epa"ati$n, the c$'"t may $"de" that the )'ilty #p$'#e #hall )i&e #'pp$"t t$ the inn$cent $ne, #peci%yin) the te"m# $% #'ch $"de". 0191a2 A"t. 199. =hene&e" t($ $" m$"e pe"#$n# a"e $bli)ed t$ )i&e #'pp$"t, the liability #hall de&$l&e 'p$n the %$ll$(in) pe"#$n# in the $"de" he"ein p"$&ided+ 012 The #p$'#e4 012 The de#cendant# in the nea"e#t de)"ee4 032 The a#cendant# in the nea"e#t de)"ee4 and 072 The b"$the"# and #i#te"#. 0197a2 A"t. 1<<. =hen the $bli)ati$n t$ )i&e #'pp$"t %all# 'p$n t($ $" m$"e pe"#$n#, the payment $% the #ame #hall be di&ided bet(een them in p"$p$"ti$n t$ the "e#$'"ce# $% each. ?$(e&e", in ca#e $% '")ent need and by #pecial ci"c'm#tance#, the -'d)e may $"de" $nly $ne $% them t$ %'"ni#h the #'pp$"t p"$&i#i$nally, (ith$'t p"e-'dice t$ hi# "i)ht t$ claim %"$m the $the" $bli)$"# the #ha"e d'e %"$m them. =hen t($ $" m$"e "ecipient# at the #ame time claim #'pp$"t %"$m $ne and the #ame pe"#$n le)ally $bli)ed t$ )i&e it, #h$'ld the latte" n$t ha&e #'%%icient mean# t$ #ati#%y all claim#, the $"de" e#tabli#hed in the p"ecedin)
a"ticle #hall be %$ll$(ed, 'nle## the c$nc'""ent $bli)ee# #h$'ld be the #p$'#e and a child #'b-ect t$ pa"ental a'th$"ity, in (hich ca#e the child #hall be p"e%e""ed. 0195a2 A"t. 1<1. The am$'nt $% #'pp$"t, in the ca#e# "e%e""ed t$ in A"ticle# 195 and 199, #hall be in p"$p$"ti$n t$ the "e#$'"ce# $" mean# $% the )i&e" and t$ the nece##itie# $% the "ecipient. 0199a2 A"t. 1<1. S'pp$"t in the ca#e# "e%e""ed t$ in the p"ecedin) a"ticle #hall be "ed'ced $" inc"ea#ed p"$p$"ti$nately, acc$"din) t$ the "ed'cti$n $" inc"ea#e $% the nece##itie# $% the "ecipient and the "e#$'"ce# $" mean# $% the pe"#$n $bli)ed t$ %'"ni#h the #ame. 0198a2 A"t. 1<3. The $bli)ati$n t$ )i&e #'pp$"t #hall be demandable %"$m the time the pe"#$n (h$ ha# a "i)ht t$ "ecei&e the #ame need# it %$" maintenance, b't it #hall n$t be paid e/cept %"$m the date $% -'dicial $" e/t"a-'dicial demand. S'pp$"t pendente lite may be claimed in acc$"dance (ith the R'le# $% C$'"t. !ayment #hall be made (ithin the %i"#t %i&e day# $% each c$""e#p$ndin) m$nth $" (hen the "ecipient die#, hi# hei"# #hall n$t be $bli)ed t$ "et'"n (hat he ha# "ecei&ed in ad&ance. 0198a2 A"t. 1<7. The pe"#$n $bli)ed t$ )i&e #'pp$"t #hall ha&e the $pti$n t$ %'l%ill the $bli)ati$n eithe" by payin) the all$(ance %i/ed, $" by "ecei&in) and maintainin) in the %amily d(ellin) the pe"#$n (h$ ha# a "i)ht t$ "ecei&e #'pp$"t. The latte" alte"nati&e cann$t be a&ailed $% in ca#e the"e i# a m$"al $" le)al $b#tacle the"et$. 0199a2 A"t. 1<5. The "i)ht t$ "ecei&e #'pp$"t 'nde" thi# Title a# (ell a# any m$ney $" p"$pe"ty $btained a# #'ch #'pp$"t #hall n$t be le&ied 'p$n $n attachment $" e/ec'ti$n. 03<1a2 A"t. 1<9. =hen, (ith$'t the 6n$(led)e $% the pe"#$n $bli)ed t$ )i&e #'pp$"t, it i# )i&en by a #t"an)e", the latte" #hall ha&e a "i)ht t$ claim the #ame %"$m the %$"me", 'nle## it appea"# that he )a&e it (ith$'t intenti$n $% bein) "eimb'"#ed. 01197a2 A"t. 1<8. =hen the pe"#$n $bli)ed t$ #'pp$"t an$the" 'n-'#tly "e%'#e# $" %ail# t$ )i&e #'pp$"t (hen '")ently needed by the latte", any thi"d pe"#$n may %'"ni#h #'pp$"t t$ the needy indi&id'al, (ith "i)ht $% "eimb'"#ement %"$m the pe"#$n $bli)ed t$ )i&e #'pp$"t. Thi# A"ticle #hall pa"tic'la"ly apply (hen the %athe" $" m$the" $% a child 'nde" the a)e $% ma-$"ity 'n-'#tly "e%'#e# t$ #'pp$"t $" %ail# t$ )i&e #'pp$"t t$ the child (hen '")ently needed. 01199a2 A"t. 1<8. In ca#e $% c$nt"act'al #'pp$"t $" that )i&en by (ill, the e/ce## in am$'nt bey$nd that "e.'i"ed %$" le)al #'pp$"t #hall be #'b-ect t$ le&y $n attachment $" e/ec'ti$n. *'"the"m$"e, c$nt"act'al #'pp$"t #hall be #'b-ect t$ ad-'#tment (hene&e" m$di%icati$n i# nece##a"y d'e t$ chan)e# $% ci"c'm#tance# mani%e#tly bey$nd the c$ntemplati$n $% the pa"tie#. 0n2 TITLE IX ARENTAL AUTHORITY C#$%&'( 1. "'3'($l (,8*+*,3+ A"t. 1<9. !'"#'ant t$ the nat'"al "i)ht and d'ty $% pa"ent# $&e" the pe"#$n and p"$pe"ty $% thei" 'nemancipated child"en, pa"ental a'th$"ity and "e#p$n#ibility #hall incl'de the ca"in) %$" and "ea"in) them %$" ci&ic c$n#ci$'#ne## and e%%iciency and the de&el$pment $% thei" m$"al, mental and phy#ical cha"acte" and (ell;bein). 0n2 A"t. 11<. !a"ental a'th$"ity and "e#p$n#ibility may n$t be "en$'nced $" t"an#%e""ed e/cept in the ca#e# a'th$"i5ed by la(. 0313a2
A"t. 111. The %athe" and the m$the" #hall -$intly e/e"ci#e pa"ental a'th$"ity $&e" the pe"#$n# $% thei" c$mm$n child"en. In ca#e $% di#a)"eement, the %athe":# deci#i$n #hall p"e&ail, 'nle## the"e i# a -'dicial $"de" t$ the c$nt"a"y. Child"en #hall al(ay# $b#e"&e "e#pect and "e&e"ence t$(a"d# thei" pa"ent# and a"e $bli)ed t$ $bey them a# l$n) a# the child"en a"e 'nde" pa"ental a'th$"ity. 0311a2 A"t. 111. In ca#e $% ab#ence $" death $% eithe" pa"ent, the pa"ent p"e#ent #hall c$ntin'e e/e"ci#in) pa"ental a'th$"ity. The "ema""ia)e $% the #'"&i&in) pa"ent #hall n$t a%%ect the pa"ental a'th$"ity $&e" the child"en, 'nle## the c$'"t app$int# an$the" pe"#$n t$ be the )'a"dian $% the pe"#$n $" p"$pe"ty $% the child"en. 0n2 A"t. 113. In ca#e $% #epa"ati$n $% the pa"ent#, pa"ental a'th$"ity #hall be e/e"ci#ed by the pa"ent de#i)nated by the C$'"t. The C$'"t #hall ta6e int$ acc$'nt all "ele&ant c$n#ide"ati$n#, e#pecially the ch$ice $% the child $&e" #e&en yea"# $% a)e, 'nle## the pa"ent ch$#en i# 'n%it. 0n2 A"t. 117. In ca#e $% death, ab#ence $" 'n#'itability $% the pa"ent#, #'b#tit'te pa"ental a'th$"ity #hall be e/e"ci#ed by the #'"&i&in) )"andpa"ent. In ca#e #e&e"al #'"&i&e, the $ne de#i)nated by the c$'"t, ta6in) int$ acc$'nt the #ame c$n#ide"ati$n menti$ned in the p"ecedin) a"ticle, #hall e/e"ci#e the a'th$"ity. 0355a2 A"t. 115. N$ de#cendant #hall be c$mpelled, in a c"iminal ca#e, t$ te#ti%y a)ain#t hi# pa"ent# and )"andpa"ent#, e/cept (hen #'ch te#tim$ny i# indi#pen#able in a c"ime a)ain#t the de#cendant $" by $ne pa"ent a)ain#t the $the". 0315a2 C#$%&'( 2. !u5+&*&u&' $31 !%'2*$l $('3&$l Au&#,(*&y A"t. 119. In de%a'lt $% pa"ent# $" a -'dicially app$inted )'a"dian, the %$ll$(in) pe"#$n #hall e/e"ci#e #'b#tit'te pa"ental a'th$"ity $&e" the child in the $"de" indicated+ 012 The #'"&i&in) )"andpa"ent, a# p"$&ided in A"t. 1174 012 The $lde#t b"$the" $" #i#te", $&e" t(enty;$ne yea"# $% a)e, 'nle## 'n%it $" di#.'ali%ied4 and 032 The child:# act'al c'#t$dian, $&e" t(enty;$ne yea"# $% a)e, 'nle## 'n%it $" di#.'ali%ied. =hene&e" the app$intment $" a -'dicial )'a"dian $&e" the p"$pe"ty $% the child bec$me# nece##a"y, the #ame $"de" $% p"e%e"ence #hall be $b#e"&ed. 0379a, 351a, 357a2 A"t. 118. In ca#e $% %$'ndlin)#, aband$ned ne)lected $" ab'#ed child"en and $the" child"en #imila"ly #it'ated, pa"ental a'th$"ity #hall be ent"'#ted in #'mma"y -'dicial p"$ceedin)# t$ head# $% child"en:# h$me#, $"phana)e# and #imila" in#tit'ti$n# d'ly acc"edited by the p"$pe" )$&e"nment a)ency. 0317a2 A"t. 118. The #ch$$l, it# admini#t"at$"# and teache"#, $" the indi&id'al, entity $" in#tit'ti$n en)a)ed in child a"e #hall ha&e #pecial pa"ental a'th$"ity and "e#p$n#ibility $&e" the min$" child (hile 'nde" thei" #'pe"&i#i$n, in#t"'cti$n $" c'#t$dy. A'th$"ity and "e#p$n#ibility #hall apply t$ all a'th$"i5ed acti&itie# (hethe" in#ide $" $'t#ide the p"emi#e# $% the #ch$$l, entity $" in#tit'ti$n. 0379a2 A"t. 119. Th$#e )i&en the a'th$"ity and "e#p$n#ibility 'nde" the p"ecedin) A"ticle #hall be p"incipally and #$lida"ily liable %$" dama)e# ca'#ed by the act# $" $mi##i$n# $% the 'nemancipated min$". The pa"ent#, -'dicial )'a"dian# $" the pe"#$n# e/e"ci#in) #'b#tit'te pa"ental a'th$"ity $&e" #aid min$" #hall be #'b#idia"ily liable. The "e#pecti&e liabilitie# $% th$#e "e%e""ed t$ in the p"ecedin) pa"a)"aph #hall n$t apply i% it i# p"$&ed that they e/e"ci#ed the p"$pe" dili)ence "e.'i"ed 'nde" the pa"tic'la" ci"c'm#tance#.
All $the" ca#e# n$t c$&e"ed by thi# and the p"ecedin) a"ticle# #hall be )$&e"ned by the p"$&i#i$n# $% the Ci&il C$de $n .'a#i;delict#. 0n2 C#$%&'( 4. E--'2& ,- $('3&$l Au&#,(*&y U%,3 &#' '(+,3+ ,- &#' C#*l1('3 A"t. 11<. The pa"ent# and th$#e e/e"ci#in) pa"ental a'th$"ity #hall ha&e (ith the "e#pect t$ thei" 'nemancipated child"en $n (a"d# the %$ll$(in) "i)ht# and d'tie#+ 012 T$ 6eep them in thei" c$mpany, t$ #'pp$"t, ed'cate and in#t"'ct them by "i)ht p"ecept and )$$d e/ample, and t$ p"$&ide %$" thei" 'pb"in)in) in 6eepin) (ith thei" mean#4 012 T$ )i&e them l$&e and a%%ecti$n, ad&ice and c$'n#el, c$mpani$n#hip and 'nde"#tandin)4 032 T$ p"$&ide them (ith m$"al and #pi"it'al )'idance, inc'lcate in them h$ne#ty, inte)"ity, #el%; di#cipline, #el%;"eliance, ind'#t"y and th"i%t, #tim'late thei" inte"e#t in ci&ic a%%ai"#, and in#pi"e in them c$mpliance (ith the d'tie# $% citi5en#hip4 072 T$ %'"ni#h them (ith )$$d and (h$le#$me ed'cati$nal mate"ial#, #'pe"&i#e thei" acti&itie#, "ec"eati$n and a##$ciati$n (ith $the"#, p"$tect them %"$m bad c$mpany, and p"e&ent them %"$m ac.'i"in) habit# det"imental t$ thei" health, #t'die# and m$"al#4 052 T$ "ep"e#ent them in all matte"# a%%ectin) thei" inte"e#t#4 092 T$ demand %"$m them "e#pect and $bedience4 082 T$ imp$#e di#cipline $n them a# may be "e.'i"ed 'nde" the ci"c'm#tance#4 and 082 T$ pe"%$"m #'ch $the" d'tie# a# a"e imp$#ed by la( 'p$n pa"ent# and )'a"dian#. 0319a2 A"t. 111. !a"ent# and $the" pe"#$n# e/e"ci#in) pa"ental a'th$"ity #hall be ci&illy liable %$" the in-'"ie# and dama)e# ca'#ed by the act# $" $mi##i$n# $% thei" 'nemancipated child"en li&in) in thei" c$mpany and 'nde" thei" pa"ental a'th$"ity #'b-ect t$ the app"$p"iate de%en#e# p"$&ided by la(. 0118<012a and 072a 2 A"t. 111. The c$'"t# may app$int a )'a"dian $% the child:# p"$pe"ty $" a )'a"dian ad litem (hen the be#t inte"e#t# $% the child #$ "e.'i"e#. 03182 A"t. 113. The pa"ent# $", in thei" ab#ence $" incapacity, the indi&id'al, entity $" in#tit'ti$n e/e"ci#in) pa"ental a'th$"ity, may petiti$n the p"$pe" c$'"t $% the place (he"e the child "e#ide#, %$" an $"de" p"$&idin) %$" di#ciplina"y mea#'"e# $&e" the child. The child #hall be entitled t$ the a##i#tance $% c$'n#el, eithe" $% hi# ch$ice $" app$inted by the c$'"t, and a #'mma"y hea"in) #hall be c$nd'cted (he"ein the petiti$ne" and the child #hall be hea"d. ?$(e&e", i% in the #ame p"$ceedin) the c$'"t %ind# the petiti$ne" at %a'lt, i""e#pecti&e $% the me"it# $% the petiti$n, $" (hen the ci"c'm#tance# #$ (a""ant, the c$'"t may al#$ $"de" the dep"i&ati$n $" #'#pen#i$n $% pa"ental a'th$"ity $" ad$pt #'ch $the" mea#'"e# a# it may deem -'#t and p"$pe". 0318a2 A"t. 117. The mea#'"e# "e%e""ed t$ in the p"ecedin) a"ticle may incl'de the c$mmitment $% the child %$" n$t m$"e than thi"ty day# in entitie# $" in#tit'ti$n# en)a)ed in child ca"e $" in child"en:# h$me# d'ly acc"edited by the p"$pe" )$&e"nment a)ency. The pa"ent e/e"ci#in) pa"ental a'th$"ity #hall n$t inte"%e"e (ith the ca"e $% the child (hene&e" c$mmitted b't #hall p"$&ide %$" hi# #'pp$"t. p$n p"$pe" petiti$n $" at it# $(n in#tance, the c$'"t may te"minate the c$mmitment $% the child (hene&e" -'#t and p"$pe". 0391a2
C#$%&'( 9. E--'2& ,- $('3&$l Au&#,(*&y U%,3 &#' (,%'(&y ,- &#' C#*l1('3 A"t. 115. The %athe" and the m$the" #hall -$intly e/e"ci#e le)al )'a"dian#hip $&e" the p"$pe"ty $% the 'nemancipated c$mm$n child (ith$'t the nece##ity $% a c$'"t app$intment. In ca#e $% di#a)"eement, the %athe":# deci#i$n #hall p"e&ail, 'nle## the"e i# a -'dicial $"de" t$ the c$nt"a"y. =he"e the ma"6et &al'e $% the p"$pe"ty $" the ann'al inc$me $% the child e/ceed# !5<,<<<, the pa"ent c$nce"ned #hall be "e.'i"ed t$ %'"ni#h a b$nd in #'ch am$'nt a# the c$'"t may dete"mine, b't n$t le## than ten pe" cent'm 01<E2 $% the &al'e $% the p"$pe"ty $" ann'al inc$me, t$ )'a"antee the pe"%$"mance $% the $bli)ati$n# p"e#c"ibed %$" )ene"al )'a"dian#. A &e"i%ied petiti$n %$" app"$&al $% the b$nd #hall be %iled in the p"$pe" c$'"t $% the place (he"e the child "e#ide#, $", i% the child "e#ide# in a %$"ei)n c$'nt"y, in the p"$pe" c$'"t $% the place (he"e the p"$pe"ty $" any pa"t the"e$% i# #it'ated. The petiti$n #hall be d$c6eted a# a #'mma"y #pecial p"$ceedin) in (hich all incident# and i##'e# "e)a"din) the pe"%$"mance $% the $bli)ati$n# "e%e""ed t$ in the #ec$nd pa"a)"aph $% thi# A"ticle #hall be hea"d and "e#$l&ed. The $"dina"y "'le# $n )'a"dian#hip #hall be me"ely #'pplet$"y e/cept (hen the child i# 'nde" #'b#tit'te pa"ental a'th$"ity, $" the )'a"dian i# a #t"an)e", $" a pa"ent ha# "ema""ied, in (hich ca#e the $"dina"y "'le# $n )'a"dian#hip #hall apply. 031<a2 A"t. 119. The p"$pe"ty $% the 'nemancipated child ea"ned $" ac.'i"ed (ith hi# ($"6 $" ind'#t"y $" by $ne"$'# $" )"at'it$'# title #hall bel$n) t$ the child in $(ne"#hip and #hall be de&$ted e/cl'#i&ely t$ the latte":# #'pp$"t and ed'cati$n, 'nle## the title $" t"an#%e" p"$&ide# $the"(i#e. The "i)ht $% the pa"ent# $&e" the %"'it# and inc$me $% the child:# p"$pe"ty #hall be limited p"ima"ily t$ the child:# #'pp$"t and #ec$nda"ily t$ the c$llecti&e daily need# $% the %amily. 0311a, 313a2 A"t. 118. I% the pa"ent# ent"'#t the mana)ement $" admini#t"ati$n $% any $% thei" p"$pe"tie# t$ an 'nemancipated child, the net p"$ceed# $% #'ch p"$pe"ty #hall bel$n) t$ the $(ne". The child #hall be )i&en a "ea#$nable m$nthly all$(ance in an am$'nt n$t le## than that (hich the $(ne" ($'ld ha&e paid i% the admini#t"at$" (e"e a #t"an)e", 'nle## the $(ne", )"ant# the enti"e p"$ceed# t$ the child. In any ca#e, the p"$ceed# th'# )i&e in (h$le $" in pa"t #hall n$t be cha")ed t$ the child:# le)itime. 0311a2 C#$%&'( <. !u+%'3+*,3 ,( T'(0*3$&*,3 ,- $('3&$l Au&#,(*&y A"t. 118. !a"ental a'th$"ity te"minate# pe"manently+ 012 p$n the death $% the pa"ent#4 012 p$n the death $% the child4 $" 032 p$n emancipati$n $% the child. 0318a2 A"t. 119. nle## #'b#e.'ently "e&i&ed by a %inal -'d)ment, pa"ental a'th$"ity al#$ te"minate#+
012 p$n ad$pti$n $% the child4 012 p$n app$intment $% a )ene"al )'a"dian4 032 p$n -'dicial decla"ati$n $% aband$nment $% the child in a ca#e %iled %$" the p'"p$#e4
072 p$n %inal -'d)ment $% a c$mpetent c$'"t di&e#tin) the pa"ty c$nce"ned $% pa"ental a'th$"ity4 $" 052 p$n -'dicial decla"ati$n $% ab#ence $" incapacity $% the pe"#$n e/e"ci#in) pa"ental a'th$"ity. 0318a2 A"t. 13<. !a"ental a'th$"ity i# #'#pended 'p$n c$n&icti$n $% the pa"ent $" the pe"#$n e/e"ci#in) the #ame $% a c"ime (hich ca""ie# (ith it the penalty $% ci&il inte"dicti$n. The a'th$"ity i# a't$matically "ein#tated 'p$n #e"&ice $% the penalty $" 'p$n pa"d$n $" amne#ty $% the $%%ende". 033<a2 A"t. 131. The c$'"t in an acti$n %iled %$" the p'"p$#e in a "elated ca#e may al#$ #'#pend pa"ental a'th$"ity i% the pa"ent $" the pe"#$n e/e"ci#in) the #ame+ 012 T"eat# the child (ith e/ce##i&e ha"#hne## $" c"'elty4 012 Fi&e# the child c$""'ptin) $"de"#, c$'n#el $" e/ample4 032 C$mpel# the child t$ be)4 $" 072 S'b-ect# the child $" all$(# him t$ be #'b-ected t$ act# $% la#ci&i$'#ne##. The )"$'nd# en'me"ated ab$&e a"e deemed t$ incl'de ca#e# (hich ha&e "e#'lted %"$m c'lpable ne)li)ence $% the pa"ent $" the pe"#$n e/e"ci#in) pa"ental a'th$"ity. lawphi1.net I% the de)"ee $% #e"i$'#ne## #$ (a""ant#, $" the (el%a"e $% the child #$ demand#, the c$'"t #hall dep"i&e the )'ilty pa"ty $% pa"ental a'th$"ity $" ad$pt #'ch $the" mea#'"e# a# may be p"$pe" 'nde" the ci"c'm#tance#. The #'#pen#i$n $" dep"i&ati$n may be "e&$6ed and the pa"ental a'th$"ity "e&i&ed in a ca#e %iled %$" the p'"p$#e $" in the #ame p"$ceedin) i% the c$'"t %ind# that the ca'#e the"e%$" ha# cea#ed and (ill n$t be "epeated. 033a2 A"t. 131. I% the pe"#$n e/e"ci#in) pa"ental a'th$"ity ha# #'b-ected the child $" all$(ed him t$ be #'b-ected t$ #e/'al ab'#e, #'ch pe"#$n #hall be pe"manently dep"i&ed by the c$'"t $% #'ch a'th$"ity. 0n2 A"t. 133. The pe"#$n e/e"ci#in) #'b#tit'te pa"ental a'th$"ity #hall ha&e the #ame a'th$"ity $&e" the pe"#$n $% the child a# the pa"ent#. In n$ ca#e #hall the #ch$$l admini#t"at$", teache" $% indi&id'al en)a)ed in child ca"e e/e"ci#in) #pecial pa"ental a'th$"ity in%lict c$"p$"al p'ni#hment 'p$n the child. 0n2 TITLE X EMANCI ATION AND A"E OF MAJORITY A"t. 137. @mancipati$n ta6e# place by the attainment $% ma-$"ity. c$mmence# at the a)e $% t(enty;$ne yea"#. @mancipati$n al#$ ta6e# place+ 012 Ay the ma""ia)e $% the min$"4 $" 012 Ay the "ec$"din) in the Ci&il Re)i#te" $% an a)"eement in a p'blic in#t"'ment e/ec'ted by the pa"ent e/e"ci#in) pa"ental a'th$"ity and the min$" at lea#t ei)hteen yea"# $% a)e. S'ch emancipati$n #hall be i""e&$cable. 0398a, 398a, 7<<a, 7<1a2 nle## $the"(i#e p"$&ided, ma-$"ity
A"t. 135. The p"$&i#i$n# )$&e"nin) emancipati$n by "ec$"ded a)"eement #hall al#$ apply t$ an $"phan min$" and the pe"#$n e/e"ci#in) pa"ental a'th$"ity b't the a)"eement m'#t be app"$&ed by the c$'"t be%$"e it i# "ec$"ded. 0n2 A"t. 139. @mancipati$n %$" any ca'#e #hall te"minate pa"ental a'th$"ity $&e" the pe"#$n and p"$pe"ty $% the child (h$ #hall then be .'ali%ied and "e#p$n#ible %$" all act# $% ci&il li%e. 0711a2 A"t. 138. The ann'lment $" decla"ati$n $% n'llity $% the ma""ia)e $% a min$" $" $% the "ec$"ded a)"eement menti$ned in the %$"e)$in). A"ticle# 137 and 135 #hall "e&i&e the pa"ental a'th$"ity $&e" the min$" b't #hall n$t a%%ect act# and t"an#acti$n# that t$$6 place p"i$" t$ the "ec$"din) $% the %inal -'d)ment in the Ci&il Re)i#te". 0n2 TITLE XI !UMMARY JUDICIAL ROCEEDIN"! IN THE FAMILY LA7 C#$%&'( 1. ('-$&,(y (,8*+*,3+ A"t. 138. ntil m$di%ied by the S'p"eme C$'"t, the p"$ced'"al "'le# p"$&ided %$" in thi# Title #hall apply a# "e)a"d# #epa"ati$n in %act bet(een h'#band and (i%e, aband$nment by $ne $% the $the", and incident# in&$l&in) pa"ental a'th$"ity. 0n2 C#$%&'( 2. !'%$($&*,3 *3 F$2& A"t. 139. =hen a h'#band and (i%e a"e #epa"ated in %act, $" $ne ha# aband$ned the $the" and $ne $% them #ee6# -'dicial a'th$"i5ati$n %$" a t"an#acti$n (he"e the c$n#ent $% the $the" #p$'#e i# "e.'i"ed by la( b't #'ch c$n#ent i# (ithheld $" cann$t be $btained, a &e"i%ied petiti$n may be %iled in c$'"t alle)in) the %$"e)$in) %act#. The petiti$n #hall attach the p"$p$#ed deed, i% any, emb$dyin) the t"an#acti$n, and, i% n$ne, #hall de#c"ibe in detail the #aid t"an#acti$n and #tate the "ea#$n (hy the "e.'i"ed c$n#ent the"et$ cann$t be #ec'"ed. In any ca#e, the %inal deed d'ly e/ec'ted by the pa"tie# #hall be #'bmitted t$ and app"$&ed by the c$'"t. 0n2 A"t. 17<. Claim# %$" dama)e# by eithe" #p$'#e, e/cept c$#t# $% the p"$ceedin)#, may be liti)ated $nly in a #epa"ate acti$n. 0n2 A"t. 171. D'"i#dicti$n $&e" the petiti$n #hall, 'p$n p"$$% $% n$tice t$ the $the" #p$'#e, be e/e"ci#ed by the p"$pe" c$'"t a'th$"i5ed t$ hea" %amily ca#e#, i% $ne e/i#t#, $" in the "e)i$nal t"ial c$'"t $" it# e.'i&alent #ittin) in the place (he"e eithe" $% the #p$'#e# "e#ide#. 0n2 A"t. 171. p$n the %ilin) $% the petiti$n, the c$'"t #hall n$ti%y the $the" #p$'#e, (h$#e c$n#ent t$ the t"an#acti$n i# "e.'i"ed, $% #aid petiti$n, $"de"in) #aid #p$'#e t$ #h$( ca'#e (hy the petiti$n #h$'ld n$t be )"anted, $n $" be%$"e the date #et in #aid n$tice %$" the initial c$n%e"ence. The n$tice #hall be acc$mpanied by a c$py $% the petiti$n and #hall be #e"&ed at the la#t 6n$(n add"e## $% the #p$'#e c$nce"ned. 0n2 A"t. 173. A p"elimina"y c$n%e"ence #hall be c$nd'cted by the -'d)e pe"#$nally (ith$'t the pa"tie# bein) a##i#ted by c$'n#el. A%te" the initial c$n%e"ence, i% the c$'"t deem# it '#e%'l, the pa"tie# may be a##i#ted by c$'n#el at the #'cceedin) c$n%e"ence# and hea"in)#. 0n2 A"t. 177. In ca#e $% n$n;appea"ance $% the #p$'#e (h$#e c$n#ent i# #$')ht, the c$'"t #hall in.'i"e int$ the "ea#$n# %$" hi# %ail'"e t$ appea", and #hall "e.'i"e #'ch appea"ance, i% p$##ible. 0n2 A"t. 175. I%, de#pite all e%%$"t#, the attendance $% the n$n;c$n#entin) #p$'#e i# n$t #ec'"ed, the c$'"t may p"$ceed e/ pa"te and "ende" -'d)ment a# the %act# and ci"c'm#tance# may (a""ant. In any ca#e, the -'d)e #hall endea&$" t$ p"$tect the inte"e#t# $% the n$n;appea"in) #p$'#e. 0n2
A"t. 179. I% the petiti$n i# n$t "e#$l&ed at the initial c$n%e"ence, #aid petiti$n #hall be decided in a #'mma"y hea"in) $n the ba#i# $% a%%ida&it#, d$c'menta"y e&idence $" $"al te#tim$nie# at the #$'nd di#c"eti$n $% the c$'"t. I% te#tim$ny i# needed, the c$'"t #hall #peci%y the (itne##e# t$ be hea"d and the #'b-ect;matte" $% thei" te#tim$nie#, di"ectin) the pa"tie# t$ p"e#ent #aid (itne##e#. 0n2 A"t. 178. The -'d)ment $% the c$'"t #hall be immediately %inal and e/ec't$"y. 0n2 A"t. 178. The petiti$n %$" -'dicial a'th$"ity t$ admini#te" $" enc'mbe" #peci%ic #epa"ate p"$pe"ty $% the aband$nin) #p$'#e and t$ '#e the %"'it# $" p"$ceed# the"e$% %$" the #'pp$"t $% the %amily #hall al#$ be )$&e"ned by the#e "'le#. 0n2 C#$%&'( 4. I32*1'3&+ I38,l8*3. $('3&$l Au&#,(*&y A"t. 179. !etiti$n# %iled 'nde" A"ticle# 113, 115 and 135 $% thi# C$de in&$l&in) pa"ental a'th$"ity #hall be &e"i%ied.. 0n2 A"t. 15<. S'ch petiti$n# #hall be &e"i%ied and %iled in the p"$pe" c$'"t $% the place (he"e the child "e#ide#. 0n2 A"t. 151. p$n the %ilin) $% the petiti$n, the c$'"t #hall n$ti%y the pa"ent# $", in thei" ab#ence $" incapacity, the indi&id'al#, entitie# $" in#tit'ti$n# e/e"ci#in) pa"ental a'th$"ity $&e" the child. 0n2 A"t. 151. The "'le# in Chapte" 1 he"e$% #hall al#$ )$&e"n #'mma"y p"$ceedin)# 'nde" thi# Chapte" in#$%a" a# they a"e applicable. 0n2 TITLE XII FINAL ROVI!ION! A"t. 153. Title# III, IG, G, GI, GIII, IB, BI, and BG $% A$$6 1 $% Rep'blic Act N$. 389, $the"(i#e 6n$(n a# the Ci&il C$de $% the !hilippine#, a# amended, and A"ticle# 18, 18, 19, 18, 18, 19, 3<, 31, 39, 7<, 71, and 71 $% !"e#idential >ec"ee N$. 9<3, $the"(i#e 6n$(n a# the Child and H$'th =el%a"e C$de, a# amended, and all la(#, dec"ee#, e/ec'ti&e $"de"#, p"$clamati$n#, "'le# and "e)'lati$n#, $" pa"t# the"e$%, inc$n#i#tent he"e(ith a"e he"eby "epealed. A"t. 157. I% any p"$&i#i$n $% thi# C$de i# held in&alid, all the $the" p"$&i#i$n# n$t a%%ected the"eby #hall "emain &alid. A"t. 155. Thi# C$de #hall ha&e "et"$acti&e e%%ect in#$%a" a# it d$e# n$t p"e-'dice $" impai" &e#ted $" ac.'i"ed "i)ht# in acc$"dance (ith the Ci&il C$de $" $the" la(#. A"t. 195. Thi# C$de #hall ta6e e%%ect $ne yea" a%te" the c$mpleti$n $% it# p'blicati$n in a ne(#pape" $% )ene"al ci"c'lati$n, a# ce"ti%ied by the @/ec'ti&e Sec"eta"y, O%%ice $% the !"e#ident. >$ne in the City $% ,anila, thi# 9th day $% D'ly, in the yea" $% O'" 3$"d, nineteen h'nd"ed and ei)hty;#e&en.

The Family Code of The Philippines: EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 209 July 6, 1987

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The Family Code of The Philippines: EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 209 July 6, 1987

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EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 209 July 6, 1987 Title 1 Chap. 3 Sec.

THE FAMILY CODE OF THE HILI

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