Philosophies
Florence Nightingale (Modern Nursing)
Virginia Henderson (Nursing Need Theory)
Hildegard Peplau (Interpersonal Relation in Nursing)
Ida Jean Orlando (Nursing Process Theory)
Jean Watson (Watson’s Philosophy & Theory of Transpersonal
Caring/Human caring)
Marilyn Anne Ray (Theory of Bureaucratic caring)
Patricia Benner (Caring, Clinical wisdom, & Ethics in Nursing
Practice)
Kari Martinsen (Philosophy of Caring)
Katie Eriksson (Theory of Caritative caring
Nursing Conceptual Models
Myra Estrin Levine ( The Conservation Model)
Martha E. Rogers (Unitary Human Beings)
Dorothea E. Orem (Self-care Deficit Theory of Nursing)
Imogene King (Conceptual System)
Betty Neuman (Systems Model)
Sister Callista Roy (Adaptation Model)
Dorothy Johnson (Behavioral System Model
Nursing Theories (Grand Theories) Kelompok
Anne Boykin & Savina O. Schoenhofer ( Theory of Nursing as Caring: A Model for
transforming Practice)
Afaf Ibrahim Meleis (Transition Theory)
Nola J. Pender (Health Promotion Model)
Madeleine M. Leininger (Culture Care Theory of Diversity & Universality)
Margaret A. Newman (Health as Expanding Consciousness)
Rosemarie Rizzo Parse (Human becoming)
Erickson, Tomlin & Swain (Modelling & Role Modelling)
Gladys Husted & James H. Husted (Symphonological Bioethical Theory)
Middle range theories
Ramona T. Mercer (Maternal Role Attainment- Becoming a Mother)
Merle H. Misher (Uncertainty in Illness Theory)
Pamela G. Reed (Self-Transcendence Theory)
Carolyn L. Wiener & Marylin J. Dood (Theory of Illness Trajectory)
Eakes, Burke & Hainsworth (Theory of Chronic Sorrow)
Phil Barker (Tidal Model of Mental health Recovery)
Katherine Kolcaba (Theory of Comfort)
Cheryl Tatano Beck (Postpartum Depression Theory)
Kristen M. Swanson (Theory of Caring)
Cornelia Ruland & Shirley Moore (Peaceful End of Life Theory)