TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION Transformers

DETAILED OPERATIONAL SPECIFICATION

Three-phase Oil-immersed Transformers Types: TNOSN, TNOSNE, TNOSI, TNOSP of up to 2500kVA Power and up to 35kV Voltage

ATTENTION: Do not switch the Transformer into circuit unless the Transformer Personnel is well familiarised with this Specification.

Power Energo, s.r.o. Pod Pekrnami 245/10 190 00 - Praha 9, Czech Republic

Bank. spojen: SOB a.s. Praha 9, ..: 207066031/0300

IO: 27456986 DI: CZ 27456986 Zaps. v OR u MS v Praze odd. C, vloka 114168

DETAILED OPERATIONAL SPECIFICATION

No 10T4 - 094240A
Elaboration date: Modification: 2 Valid from: Page:

Three-phase Oil-immersed Transformer Types: TNOSN, TNOSNE, TNOSI, TNOSP of up to 2500kVA Power, and up to 35kV.

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CONTENTS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. General Rating data and technical information Compliance with legal regulations Ambient conditions Air-tight sealing of distribution transformers General conditions of transport/handling Service of store reserves Assembly and commissioning Transformer operation

10.Loading of the oil-immersed transformers 11. 12. 13. Spare parts Complaints Additional information

DETAILED OPERATIONAL SPECIFICATION

No 10T4 - 094240A
Elaboration date: Modification: 2 Valid from: Page:

Three-phase Oil-immersed Transformer Types: TNOSN, TNOSNE, TNOSI, TNOSP of up to 2500kVA Power, and up to 35kV.

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1.

General

This Detailed Operational Specification refers to the transformers of TNOSN, TNOSNE, TNOSI and TNOSP types, manufactured by AREVA T&D Sp. z o.o. Zakad Transformatorw Mikow, POLAND.

2.

Rating Data and Technical Information

The TNOSN, TNOSNE, TNOSI and TNOSP type transformers are a new series of distribution transformers, where the best materials, proved to be highly effective, the most up-to-date production technology and design, have been applied to provide the end-user with a product ensuring highest professional satisfaction. The transformers are made as hermetic, to be operated practically without operators. They are positively distinguished by: * * * low level of losses, reinforced insulation system, new type of the tap switch with a gear-type drive.

The range of transformer power reaches up to 2500kVA at the nominal voltage of the primary winding up to 35 kV. The transformers are manufactured in six voltage series: 1 kV, 10 kV, 20 kV, 25 kV, 30 kV and 35 kV. The rated voltage at the LV side can reach up to 6300 V, according to a specific customer request (400 V and 420 V are the standard). The transformers are fully filled with non-inhibited oil, without a gas blanket beneath the transformer tank cover. On the Customer wish, the transformers can be filled with inhibited or MIDEL type oil. The oil level gauge is made of materials resistant to mechanical strokes. It is shown on Fig. 1.

The float head

Maximum level marking The cover made of material resistant to strokes Minimum level marking The housing

Fig.1. The oil level gauge

The red float head should indicate the maximum level (the indications not lower than the blue line or the line marked with the MAX sign) The exploitation of the transformers with the lowered oil level is allowed; however, the float head in no case can go below the red sign of the oil level gauge or below the level marked with the MIN sign.

DETAILED OPERATIONAL SPECIFICATION

No 10T4 - 094240A
Elaboration date: Modification: 2 Valid from: Page:

Three-phase Oil-immersed Transformer Types: TNOSN, TNOSNE, TNOSI, TNOSP of up to 2500kVA Power, and up to 35kV.

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Fig. 2. The float head in the minimum position.

The operation of the transformer below that position is unacceptable.

The operation at the level lower than the one indicated by the red line or the MIN line is forbidden and can lead to the damage of the transformer. On the Customer wish, the transformers can be delivered without oil level gauges.

Caution: If, despite the high resistance to strokes, the gauge is mechanically damaged,
the exploitation of the transformer without its replacement and without the repeated air-tight sealing is unacceptable.
The dimensions and placing of the equipment are presented on the drawing (drawings) enclosed to this documentation. The nominal data are detailed on the rate plate of the transformer and in the report of the tests attached to each transformer.

2.1

Special Make

Transformers of the TNOSN, TNOSNE, TNOSI and TNOSP types can be manufactured as voltage-switching ones, for two different rated voltages of the electric network. Such a switching of the transformer can be performed only in off-voltage state, by means of a voltage switch placed on the cover. Insulation of the voltage-switching transformer is designed for a higher rated voltage. The TNOSN, TNOSNE, TNOSI and TNOSP type transformers can be furnished, on a customer request, with connector bushings instead of porcelain bushings. The transformers can also be equipped with special current terminals on the secondary voltage side, which make the installation easier. These terminals can additionally be covered with a special shield. Through the use of the connector bushings and terminal shields achieving the IP-2X protection level is possible. The porcelain bushings of primary voltage can be equipped with special covers protecting from birds, on request of the customer.

3.

Compliance with Legal Regulations

The transformers are manufactured and tested according to EN 60076. The transformers may be loaded only according to IEC 60354. The transformers are filled with oil according to IEC 296 and PN-90/C-96058. Other national standards (as DIN, BS, CSN, Gost, etc.), mentioned in the transformer test chart, may be applied on a specific customer request.

DETAILED OPERATIONAL SPECIFICATION

No 10T4 - 094240A
Elaboration date: Modification: 2 Valid from: Page:

Three-phase Oil-immersed Transformer Types: TNOSN, TNOSNE, TNOSI, TNOSP of up to 2500kVA Power, and up to 35kV.

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4.

Ambient Conditions

The transformers are designed to be operated both indoors or outdoors; the standard design transformers can be placed at sites of a temperate climate and an altitude up to 1000 m above sea level. The ambient temperature: from -25C up to +40C, 24-hour average temperature not exceeding +30C, and annual average temperature not exceeding +20C. On a specific request, we can provide a transformer for other conditions than the above. possibilities are specified in the transformer test chart.

5.

Air-tight Sealing of Distribution Transformers

The transformers are hermetised at the factory at a temperature of ca 293K (20C). The inner pressure of hermetised transformers is equalled to the atmospheric pressure. During operation, oil in the transformer changes its volume producing an increase or decrease of the pressure inside the transformer tank. Changes of oil volume are intercepted by flexible corrugated walls of the transformer tank. Unsealing the transformer is not allowed under pain of loosing warranty rights. After the warranty period, unsealing of the transformer should be carried out at a manufacturer workshop, or a workshop provided with appropriate knowledge and facilities to perform correctly such an operation. The transformer can be additionally protected with the overload valve placed on the cover of the transformer tank. The valve opens when the pressure inside the transformer tank is increased up to 250hPa (+10%), that occurs in conditions of excessive overload. The overload valve requires no periodic inspections nor maintenance.

Odstranno:

6.

General Conditions of Transport/Handling

The transformers may be hauled by rail or road transport. At the destination, the transformers can be handled by means of movable cranes or any other adequate lifting facilities. On a flat hard surfaces, transformers can be handled on their wheels being hauled slowly. During transport/handling, the transformers should be protected against any mechanical damage. Especially, transformers should be protected against shifting on a handling platform by using fastening belts connecting eyes on the transformer cover, and/or eyes under the transformer cover at transformer tank corners, with a base of the handling means; and/or by putting the handled transformer on a pallet, or restraining the transformer undercarriage with wood timber. In a vertical transport, the transformer may be lifted only by eyes placed on the transformer cover just for the purpose. During handling, transformers should be protected against any jerks, shocks, strokes, etc.

7.

Service of Store Reserves

Transformers of store reserves should be protected, observing the following requirements: a) b) c) d) transformers should be stored being completely assembled, during storage, protection of transformers should be the same as ones being in operation, once a year, a detailed inspection of the stored transformers should be carried out, as well as periodic cheeks the similar to ones of transformers being in operation, rooms, where transformers are stored, should be protected against any access of unauthorised persons.

Odstranno: cheks

DETAILED OPERATIONAL SPECIFICATION

No 10T4 - 094240A
Elaboration date: Modification: 2 Valid from: Page:

Three-phase Oil-immersed Transformer Types: TNOSN, TNOSNE, TNOSI, TNOSP of up to 2500kVA Power, and up to 35kV.

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8.
8.1

Assembly and Commissioning

Inspection of a Transformer

Before assembly, the transformer should be subjected to a thorough examination and especially: a) total inspection of the transformer, and in particular the transformer tank, bushing insulators, etc., should be checked for any oil leakage and/or damage during handling or storing; b) any damage of lacquered surfaces should be protected against corrosion by painting, c) check of the oil level at the oil indicator, and filling up oil, if needed; d) check of adjustment of spark gaps at bushing insulators (it does not apply to transformers equipped with connector bushings), isolating gaps should be as follows: * * * * * * up to 12 kV above 12 kV up to 17.5 kV above 17.5 kV up to 24 kV up to 25 kV above 25 kV up to 30 kV up to 38.5 kV - without horns - 90 mm - 120 mm - 150 mm - 200 mm - 220 mm

8.2

Setting Up The Transformer At The Site

The transformer should be set up at a site already prepared for the purpose. The site should comply with the following requirements: a) transformers are designed to be set up on platforms or steel structures, or inside a switching station, or hanging on pools (special design for this purpose); b) a base should be on the level; setting up accuracy 3; c) the transformer set up at its site should be protected against shifting and any change of its position. 8.3 Assembly Of The Transformer

The following operations should be carried out during transformer assembly: a) to earth the transformer tank using earth clamps; the connection should be safe and protected against any slackening and/or corrosion; the service earthling (of the LV network neutral point) should be isolated to protective earthling; b) to connect LV and HV outputs In the transformers the primary voltage bushings with improved construction of the bolt sealing have been used. The additional locking of the bolt while making the connections is not necessary, since the bolt is self-locked in the bushing.

Caution:

The nuts should be tightened up with the max. moment of 15Nm. If higher moment is used the bushing ac be damaged. The operation with a damaged bushing is unacceptable and can cause the damage of the transformer. For the connection of the outlets of the secondary voltage, the current terminals with which the transformer is equipped should be used.

Output connections should be as short and stiff as possible and made in such a way that they do not produce any breaking force to the insulators. They should be tightened up and protected against any casual slackening; c) to make an earth connection of the LV network neutral point.

DETAILED OPERATIONAL SPECIFICATION

No 10T4 - 094240A
Elaboration date: Modification: 2 Valid from: Page:

Three-phase Oil-immersed Transformer Types: TNOSN, TNOSNE, TNOSI, TNOSP of up to 2500kVA Power, and up to 35kV.

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8.4 a)

Preparation To Switch The Transformer On Set the tap-changer and the voltage switch (it applies to double-voltage transformers) to the position designed for transformer operation.

Adjustment of the voltage may be performed only whilst dead. The range of adjustment is specified in the data plate. Respective taps are selected by a handwheel of the taps head, see the Fig. 3 beneath. Before changing the tap, the knob should be unlocked by unscrewing the knob lock (fig. 3). After setting up the knob it should be locked again.

Head Locking

Handwheel

Position of the tap changer

Fig. 3: Head of the Tap changer

Numbers shown in the opening of the head casing, or shown by the handwheel on the dial, indicate a position of the tap switch. The item 1 shows a maximal number of HV switched-on turns. Next positions show consecutive decreasing numbers of switched-on coils of the HV winding.

1.Handwheel 2.Dial

Fig. 4: Head of the Voltage Switch - Side view

The respective voltage of the switching transformer is selected by means of the heads handwheel, as shown in the Fig. 4 above. The mark I or II, shown on the switch head, indicates a respective voltage according to the data plate. Attention: The permanent service voltage at any tap should not exceed the 1.05 value of the given tap voltage figure.

b) c)

Check the resistance of the service and protective earth. Check whether the fuse-links (if used at all) have been properly selected.

DETAILED OPERATIONAL SPECIFICATION

No 10T4 - 094240A
Elaboration date: Modification: 2 Valid from: Page:

Three-phase Oil-immersed Transformer Types: TNOSN, TNOSNE, TNOSI, TNOSP of up to 2500kVA Power, and up to 35kV.

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8.5

The First Switching-on

Prior to switching on the transformer, check whether all instructions specified in the chapter 8 of this Specification have been completed. In case the transformer is planned to a parallel operation, conditions of parallel running should be additionally checked: * * * * conformance of rated primary and secondary voltage, conformance of taps of transformers planned to parallel operation, conformance of vektor groups, conformance of short-circuit voltage (accuracy +10% in relation to the average value) relation of transformer powers should not exceed 3 : 1.

When the above checking is completed, the transformer may be switched on. If the switching on is followed by an abnormal running as roars, gurgles, high noise, etc., the transformer should be immediately switched off and control measurements and inspection should be carried out. In case the transformer has been switched off because safety reasons, it may be switched on again only if reasons of its switching off have been found and remedied.

9.

Transformer Operation

Transformers operated at stations with a permanent service, as well as at service-free stations, need periodical inspections, and their results should be recorded in a way as determined by the plant management. Recommended inspections are as follows: a) b) c) inspection of a transformer, without its de-energising, at a station with a permanent service inspection of a transformer, without its de-energising, at a service-free station periodical inspections, including its de-energising, every 5 years. Inspection without Transformer De-energising - once a shift - once a year - at least once in

9.1

During inspections of a transformer without its de-energising, the following aspects should be checked in particular: * * * * size and uniformity of transformer phase loads, oil level at the oil indicator, and transformer tightness, conditions of the bushing insulators, conditions of bus-bar and cable connections.

9.2 Periodical Inspections During inspections with de-energising the transformer, the following checks should be carried out: * * * * general inspection of the transformer, as the Section 9.1 above, check all seals, check service and protective earth, carry out maintenance operations.

9.3 Operation Measurements Operation measurements should be carried out at least once in every 10 years. The measurements should include measurements of insulation resistance. Testing of the oil should be carried out only in case of low value of insulation resistance (below 70% of the value measured by the producer, at the same measurement temperature, or after converting it to that temperature) for the transformers rated above 100kVA. If the measured value of insulation resistance is lower than 70%, the consultations with producers are recommended. The measurements of the indicator of insulation resistance R60/R15 are not carried out.

DETAILED OPERATIONAL SPECIFICATION

No 10T4 - 094240A
Elaboration date: Modification: 2 Valid from: Page:

Three-phase Oil-immersed Transformer Types: TNOSN, TNOSNE, TNOSI, TNOSP of up to 2500kVA Power, and up to 35kV.

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10. Loading of the oil-immersed transformers

The life-time of the distribution transformers working at the rated load and the ambient temperature of 20C is minimum 20 30 years. In practice the transformers work at the loads lower as well as higher than the rated value. The rules of loading of the transformers depending on the working conditions, while keeping the defined working temperature and thermal ageing of the insulation are included in the IEC 60354 standard: The guidelines for loading the oil-immersed transformers. For example, below there are the charts according to the before ementioned standard, which can be used for defining the maximum peak load K2 for the given time and the given initial load K1, for distributive transformers at eight different ambient temperatures.

ONAN distribution transformers maximum loads at the normal life-time wear.

DETAILED OPERATIONAL SPECIFICATION

No 10T4 - 094240A
Elaboration date: Modification: 2 Valid from: Page:

Three-phase Oil-immersed Transformer Types: TNOSN, TNOSNE, TNOSI, TNOSP of up to 2500kVA Power, and up to 35kV.

18.12.02 24.01.05 25.01.05

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ONAN distribution transformers maximum loads at the normal life-time wear. If the transformer is equipped with a thermometer, there is recommended to use this thermometer to control transformer overloads. The thermometer is equipped with 2 sets of contacts reacting when 2 various limit temperatures are over-crossed: - the first limit ALARM- reaching this limit means that the temperature of nominal insulation ageing is over-crossed, the transformer can work but with the quicker insulation ageing than nominal ageing, - the second limit TRIPPING reaching this limit means, that the transformer should be switch-off immediately, further transformer work may give transformer damage. It is recommended to set the temperature limits as follows: - first limit ALARM set on 85 C, - second limit TRIPPING - set on 95 C.

DETAILED OPERATIONAL SPECIFICATION

No 10T4 - 094240A
Elaboration date: Modification: 2 Valid from: Page:

Three-phase Oil-immersed Transformer Types: TNOSN, TNOSNE, TNOSI, TNOSP of up to 2500kVA Power, and up to 35kV.

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11. Spare Parts

The AREVA T&D Sp. z o.o.. Zakad Transformatorw Mikow Company supplies spare parts in a course as agreed with the Customer. When ordering the spare parts, specifying their factory numbers is highly recommended.

12. Complaints
In case the User has not followed the principles and/or instructions specified in this Specification, and/or a damage has been caused by improper transportation, handling, storing and/or using, and/or breaking or removal of seals, including also lacquer seals placed on bushings have been done, all the above effect in releasing the manufacturer of any liability and/or warranty whatsoever.
Complaints on a transformer damage should be brought only during the guarantee period and please observe the conditions specified in the warranty card. The following documents should be submitted with any complaint: * * * Description of the damage, including the time and place of the damage. The protocol of tests and measurements performed before the transformer was switched on. Transformer series number and the transformer warranty.

Until the technician authorised by the manufacturer: AREVA T&D Sp. z o.o. Zakad Transformatorw Mikow arrives at the site, or the manufacturer authorises to carry out a minor repair, no repairs are permitted.

13. Additional Information

In case of any doubts, problems, or needs for additional information or assistance, regarding the transformers, you are requested to contact: Power-Energo s.r.o. Pod Pekrnami 245/10, 190 00 Praha 9 Tel. +420 296 642 197 Fax.+420 296 642 193 info@power-energo.cz www.power-energo.cz