1.

A box contains 35 red discs and 5 black discs. A disc is selected at random and its colour noted. The disc is then replaced in the box. (a) In eight such selections, what is the probability that a black disc is selected (i) (ii) (b) exactly once? (3) at least once? (3) The process of selecting and replacing is carried out 400 times. What is the expected number of black discs that would be drawn? (2)

3.

A fair coin is tossed eight times. Calculate (a) (b) (c) the probability of obtaining exactly 4 heads; (2) the probability of obtaining exactly 3 heads; (1) the probability of obtaining 3, 4 or 5 heads. (3)

4.

In a game a player rolls a biased tetrahedral (four-faced) die. The probability of each possible score is shown below. Score Probability Find the probability of a total score of six after two rolls. (Total 3 marks) 1 2 3 4 x

5.

In a school,

of the students travel to school by bus. Five students are chosen at random. Find the

probability that exactly 3 of them travel to school by bus. (Total 3 marks)

8.

(Total 3 marks) When John throws a stone at a target, the probability that he hits the target is 0.4. He throws a stone 6 times. (a) (b) Find the probability that he hits the target exactly 4 times. Find the probability that he hits the target for the first time on his third throw. (Total 6 marks)

9.

Two children, Alan and Belle, each throw two fair cubical dice simultaneously. The score for each child is the sum of the two numbers shown on their respective dice. (a) (i) (ii) (b) (i) (ii) (c) Calculate the probability that Alan obtains a score of 9. Calculate the probability that Alan and Belle both obtain a score of 9. (2) Calculate the probability that Alan and Belle obtain the same score, Deduce the probability that Alans score exceeds Belles score. (4) Let X denote the largest number shown on the four dice. (i) (ii) Show that for P(X x) = , for x = 1, 2,... 6

Copy and complete the following probability distribution table. x P(X = x) 1 2 3 4 5 6

(iii)
10.

Calculate E(X).

(7)

The random variable X is Poisson distributed with mean and satisfies P(X = 3) = P(X = 0) + P(X = 1). (a) Find the value of , correct to four decimal places. (3) (b) For this value of evaluate P(2 X 4). (3)

11.

When a boy plays a game at a fair, the probability that he wins a prize is 0.25. He plays the game 10 times. Let X denote the total number of prizes that he wins. Assuming that the games are independent, find (a) (b) E(X) P (X 2). (Total 6 marks)

15.

A factory makes calculators. Over a long period, 2 % of them are found to be faulty. A random sample of 100 calculators is tested. (a) (b) (c) Write down the expected number of faulty calculators in the sample. Find the probability that three calculators are faulty. Find the probability that more than one calculator is faulty. (Total 6 marks)

16.

Bag A contains 2 red balls and 3 green balls. Two balls are chosen at random from the bag without replacement. Let X denote the number of red balls chosen. The following table shows the probability distribution for X X P(X = x) 0 1 2

(a)

Calculate E(X), the mean number of red balls chosen. (3)

Bag B contains 4 red balls and 2 green balls. Two balls are chosen at random from bag B. (b) (i) (ii) Draw a tree diagram to represent the above information, including the probability of each event. Hence find the probability distribution for Y, where Y is the number of red balls chosen. (8) A standard die with six faces is rolled. If a 1 or 6 is obtained, two balls are chosen from bag A, otherwise two balls are chosen from bag B. (c) (d) Calculate the probability that two red balls are chosen. (5) Given that two red balls are obtained, find the conditional probability that a 1 or 6 was rolled on the die. (3) 17. A discrete random variable X has its probability distribution given by P(X = x) = k(x + 1), where x is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4. (a) (b) Show that k = Find E(X). (Total 6 marks)