I n t r o d u c i n g a N e w Ve n t u r e i n S a v a r, B a n g l a d e s h

An Exploration of the Different Aspects

I n t r o d u c i n g a N e w Ve n t u r e i n S a v a r, B a n g l a d e s h
An Exploration of the Different Aspects

Prepared For: Mr. Md. Tarikul Islam Lecturer and Course Teacher, Business Communication

Prepared By: Nazia Ahmed (ID: 1254) Md. Sajadul Islam (ID: 1799) Md. Abdul Ali (ID: 1279) Abu Naim Mohammad Solaiman (ID: 1270) Nawsheen Huq (ID: 1256) Group 1 1st Batch, BBA Program

Department of Finance & Banking Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka -1342

August 21, 2010

August 21, 2010

Mr. Md. Tarikul Islam Lecturer Department of Finance & Banking Jahangirnagar University Savar, Dhaka 1342 Subject: Submission of report Dear Sir, Here is the report that you tasked us to prepare on exploring the various aspects of our proposed venture in Savar, Bangladesh. After some careful analysis and consideration, we decided that operating an enterprise dedicated to providing study materials to the students would be an ideal business to pursue here. For this we regarded the operating environment and the sustainability of the business as the major aspects. We hope that this report will be up to your expectation and draw your appreciation. If you have any question or inquiry regarding this report, please call us. We are looking forward to receiving your comments and suggestions on this report. Sincerely Yours,
__________________________

Nazia Ahmed (ID. 1254)

________________________ Md. Sajadul Islam (ID. 1799) ________________________ Md. Abdul Ali (ID. 1279) ________________________ Abu Naim Mohammad Solaiman (ID. 1270) ________________________ Nawsheen Huq (ID. 1256) Group 01 1st Batch, B.B.A. Program Department of Finance & Banking Jahangirnagar University Savar, Dhaka - 1342

[Acknowledgement]
At first, we must show our gratitude to Almighty Allah for giving us vigor and the capability to prepare this report. Then we would like to express our sincere gratitude to our course tutor, Mr. Md. Tarikul Islam, Lecturer, Department of Finance & Banking, Jahangirnagar University for his sincere guidance. Our sincere gratitude to all the people including our group mates, our friends, our classmates and others for their benevolent support and assistance.

[Table of Contents]
-No.-------------------------------------Subject---------------------------------PageExecutive Summary 1.0. Introduction 1.1. Origin and background 1.2. Theme and objective of the report 1.3. Scope of the report 1.4. Methodology 1.4.1. Sources of data 1.4.2. Methods of data collection 1.4.3. Nature of questionnaire 1.4.4. Sample plan 1.4.4.1. Target population 1.4.4.2. Sampling technique 1.4.4.3. Sample size 1.4.5. Data Collection/ Field Work 1.4.6. Method of Analysis 1.5. Limitations and delimitation 1.6. Report Preview 1.7. Definition of Terms A Snapshot of Our Venture 2.1. Aim of the venture 2.2. Type of the venture 2.3. Prime activities of the venture 2.3.1. Retailing activities 2.4.2. Service providing activities 2.4. Location of the venture 2.5. Name of the venture 2.6 Establishment cost 2.7. Source of finance The Relevant Aspects of Our Venture 3.1. The operating environment of the business 3.1.1. The customers 3.1.1.1. Identifying potential customers 3.1.1.2. Scale of demand of study materials 3.1.2. The suppliers 3.1.3. The competitors vii

09 09 09 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 12 12 12

2.0.

14 14 14 14 15 15 15 15 15

3.0.

17 17 17 19 19 19

iv

-No.-------------------------------------Subject---------------------------------Page3.2. 3.3. Stability of the demand for course materials Profitability of the Business 3.3.1. Estimating annual expenditure 3.3.2. Estimating annual income Sustainability of the business and SWOT analysis Scope of future growth 19 20 20 21 21 22

3.4. 3.5. 4.0.

Appended Part 4.1. Sample questionnaire 4.2. Findings from questionnaire 4.3. References 4.4. Bibliography

24 26 32

[Table of Tables]
-No.--------------------------------------Title----------------------------------Page1.1 2.1 2.2 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 4.1. 4.2. 4.3. 4.4. 4.5. 4.6. 4.7. 4.8. Classification of students interviewed List of products offered by our venture Source of capital of our venture Estimated number of university students at Savar Estimated number of school and college students at Savar Estimated number of students in the university coaching centers at Savar Estimated total amount of purchase by the customers annually Time of demand of course materials of different educational institutions Estimated Annual Expenditure of our firm Estimated annual income of our firm SWOT analysis of our proposed venture Gender of the respondents Employment status of the respondents Location of the respondents Education level of the respondents Average number of books read annually by the respondents Time of need of new course materials of the respondents Source of course materials of the respondents Reason for preferring Dhaka (Nilkhet- Banglabazar) to buy books by the respondents 11 14 15 17 18 18 19 20 20 21 22 26 26 26 27 27 28 28

-No.--------------------------------------Title----------------------------------Page4.9. 4.10. 4.11. 4.12. 4.13. 4.14. 4.15. Number of times bought course materials annually by the respondents Average amount spent in study materials annually by the respondents Average amount spent in study materials annually by the respondents studying in universities Average amount spent in study materials annually by the respondents studying in schools Average amount spent in study materials annually by the respondents studying in colleges The most convenient location for the respondents to buy their course materials Whether the respondents will buy their study materials from Savar or not

28 29 29 30 30 31 31

vi

[Executive Summary]
As a rapidly growing town in Dhaka District, Savar is a Mecca of business opportunities for entrepreneurs. A lot of profitable business can be established here. We chose to introduce a venture dedicated to providing all kinds of course materials to the students of Savar. To estimate success of a business, entrepreneurs should identify and examine their Businesss different aspects namely the operating environment of the business; Stability of demand of the product; profitability of the business; sustainability of the business and scope of future growth. Our thorough analysis of these aspects of our venture shows that most of the students here have to go to Dhaka to collect thie course materials. So there is a very strong and demand for study materials in Savar. Capitalizing on this demand would be easy as competition in this market is very low at present. We could easily reap a handsome profit if we can avail this opportunity correctly. SWOT analysis of our venture shows that our business could sustain well into the future. We also have the capability to conquer our weakness and threats over time. And most pleasing of all is that there is a lot of scope to expand the business.

CHAPTER-I
Introduction

Introduction

1.1. Origin and Background As a part of the curriculum, the course teacher Mr. Md. Tarikul Islam has assigned us to prepare a report on exploring the different aspects of our proposed venture in Savar, Bangladesh. A prominent town of Dhaka District, Savar is steadily catching up with the other bustling cities of the country in terms of economy and infrastructure. This time of growth is the ideal opportunity for entrepreneurs to set up business and offer new goods and services. But which businesses will be rewarding here? And what are the different aspects of those businesses? This report sheds light over one particular business concern which we have chosen to pursue and so we shall discusses its relevant aspects. 1.2. Theme and Objective of the Report The basic theme of this report is:

Discussing the different aspects of our newly proposed venture in Savar, Bangladesh
After some consideration, we have decided to establish an enterprise mainly dedicated to providing the students of Savar with necessary course materials. As this business major aspects, we have identified the following points: The operating environment of the business Stability of demand for course materials Profitability of the business Sustainability of the business Scope of future growth

1.3. Scope of the Report As our proposed venture will be established at Savar, Bangladesh; all of our analysis will be centered on Savar and the students here. Such as: Number of students in Savar Situation of the study material market in Savar Consumer behavior towards study materials Profitability of study material business Customers preference to buy books from Savar

Introduction

1.4. Methodology The research is mainly exploratory and descriptive in nature. Other relevant issues regarding the research are briefly presented in the following section. 1.4.1. Sources of data Both primary and secondary sources were used for the research purpose. Secondary data were mainly used for providing the theoretical background. Primary data was collected to estimate the level of demand and expectation of the consumers. 1.4.2. Methods of data collection Both primary and secondary data has been used for the preparation of the report. The primary data for the research has been collected through questionnaire (attached in the appendix section) survey and inquiry. The questionnaires were administered through personal interview. The secondary data was mainly collected from books and the local administrative office. 1.4.3. Nature of questionnaire Both Close and Open-ended questions were included in the questionnaire. The main purpose of preparing the questionnaire was to experience the want and expectations of the customers of study materials first hand. It immensely helped us to approximate the demand in the market and facilitate further vital calculations. 1.4.4. Sample Plan We have determined the target population, sampling technique and sample size that best fit to assist in preparing our report.

1.4.4.1. Target population

The target population was all the students of Savar, Bangladesh. This includes the students in all the schools, colleges and Universities at Savar. 1.4.4.2. Sampling technique The Non-Probability Convenience sampling technique was used to collect the desired data for analysis. This technique was most suitable for us because it is less timeconsuming, easy to execute and easy to measure the results but very effective.

10

Introduction

1.4.4.3. Sample size The total sample size of the research was 85. We interviewed students from different places to get an impartial view of the overall students of Savar. We have concentrated mainly on the university students because our research indicates that they should be the prime customers of our service. A detailed picture of our selected candidates for interview is shown below: Table-1.1: Classification of students interviewed Type of Educational Institution Name of Educational Institution Section M.H. Hall Residents S.S.B. Hall Jahanara Imam Hall Residents Pritilata Hall Residents Random Students Brac University (Savar) College School Jahangirnagar University School and College Jahangirnagar University School and College Random Students Random Students Random Students Total: Students Interviewed 10 10 10 10 20 05 10 10 85

University

Jahangirnagar University

1.5. Data Collection/Field Work The data collection procedure for the survey took eleven days. The data was collected from the students using the survey questionnaire and personal interview. 1.6. Method of Analysis The gathered data from the survey has been analyzed using statistical technique. Some of the opinions of the customers were measured and analyzed by average (arithmetic mean) method and simple tabular presentation. Simple data were presented in tables.

11

Introduction

1.5. Limitations and Delimitation Although we have tried to prepare our report with utmost care and commitment, our work is subject to some limitations. But we have followed some technique to counterbalance these shortcomings. They are as follows: As this is our first ever formal report, it may fall short of the standard of professionalism expected. For this we have strictly followed the instructions of our course teacher and referred to the textbook to comply with the various formalities. As this report is prepared within a short period of time, it may not be more comprehensive and conclusive as it could have been. But we tried our best to present all of our findings and opinions in the most understandable way. To err is human. So human errors, omissions, etc. are another limitation that may appear. But we have been thoroughly cautious of eliminating any errors and vagueness from the report.

1.6. Report Preview We have tried our very best to present all our findings and thoughts about our venture clearly in this report. So a detailed picture of our venture is presented at first. Then the different aspects associated with our venture is identified and thoroughly discussed. Much of our research is dependent on the questionnaire and findings from it. So both the questionnaire and a detailed analysis of the findings from are provided at the appended parts of the report. 1.7. Definition of Terms and acronyms Nonprobability Convenience sampling technique: Nonprobability convenient sampling technique is a method to choose samples for research or similar purpose. The nonprobability convenience samples are based on an unknown probability of any one of a population which is convenient and economical to reach being chosen. SWOT Analysis: The SWOT analysis provides information that is helpful in matching the firm's resources and capabilities to the competitive environment in which it operates. As such, it is instrumental in strategy formulation and selection. The following diagram shows how a SWOT analysis fits into an environmental scan BDT: Acronym of Bangladesh Taka. It is the international expression of the currency of Bangladesh: Taka. NGO: Non- government organization. These institutions mainly provide financial support and work for the welfare of the poor people.

12

CHAPTER-II
A Snapshot of Our Venture

A Snapshot of Our Venture

This section provides thorough information of our proposed venture. 2.1. Aim of the venture The main goal of our venture is to maximize profit in the long run by providing our customers with their desired high- quality products and constantly responding with their demand. 2.2. Type of the venture With an operating expense of about 15 lakhs (estimated), our venture will more likely not sustain for long as a sole proprietorship. On the other hand, the business will not so large that it needs to be established as a corporation. So, the best preference was to organize the firm as a partnership of five members where each partner contributed and put their effort equally. 2.3. Prime activity of the venture The venture would be a retailing enterprise providing some service in addition. 2.3.1. Retailing activities The main product of our business is study materials namely books and paper (exercise copy and loose paper) for the students of Savar. A detailed list of our offered products in as follows:
Table-2.1: List of products offered by our venture

Product Type Books Exercise copy Paper Stationary

Name University course books, college textbooks, school textbooks, dictionary (English to English, English to Bangla, business, medical etc.), atlas etc. Normal copy, copy with the name of a particular educational institution, practical illustration copy. These copies being ruled, margined, of 100 pages, 200 pages etc. Newsprint, whiteprint, graph paper Calculator, pencil box, ruler, pen-pencil-eraser-sharpener etc.

14

A Snapshot of Our Venture

2.3.2. Service providing activities There would also be a handful of service that we shall offer. They are as follows: Books on-demand: We shall especially collect uncommon books for our customers as per order with extra charge. Especially Printed Exercise Copy: We will offer printing the names of the educational institution on exercise copies. Printing of Lecture Sheet: We will offer to print the lecture sheets of different coaching centers of Savar as per their requirement. Discount on returned books: This offer is valid for university course books only. We shall offer a 20% and 50% discount over the purchase of university books if the customers return the same number of used university books (in an acceptable condition) purchased by other shops and ours respectively.

2.4. Location of the venture We have decided to establish our firm in Razzak Plaza at Savar Bazar. This would be an ideal place for us and our customers because the shop space rent is the least1 and the location is very easily accessible from anywhere at Savar. 2.5. Name of the venture Giving an appropriate name to an enterprise helps creating the right impression. We want to reflect the fact that we are offering an astonishingly huge variety of books to our customers through the name of our venture. And so the name we have chosen for our venture is Bishwabichitra which means an array of things of the universe. 2.6. Source of Finance All five partners of our venture provide the same amount of capital plus bank loan to finance the firm. Additional capital will be provided by the owners.
Table-2.2 Source of capital of our venture

Source of Capital Capital from the entrepreneurs (BDT 5,00,000 from 5 partners) Bank Loan (Bank Asia Ltd. Central branch) Total Owners capital

Amount (BDT) 25,00,000 50,00,000 75,00,000

15

CHAPTER-III
The Relevant Aspects of Our Venture

The Relevant Aspects of our Venture

By identifying and analyzing the aspects associated with our business, we can better understand the market and compare our firms strength and opportunities with the weaknesses and underlying threats. Thus it will help us plan our steps better and overcome uncertain catastrophe and ultimately maximize profit in the long run. As the relevant aspects of our venture, we have identified the following points: The operating environment of the business Stability of demand for course materials Profitability of the business Sustainability of the business Scope of future growth

3.1. The operating environment of the business The operating environment is a major aspect of any business and it can directly cause the business to succeed or fail. Below is an analysis of the factors of our operating environment: 3.1.1. The customers Indeed, the customers have the most profound interest over any business. To survive, a firm must comply with their ever- changing demand. For this purpose, we must identify our customers and understand their demand. 3.1.1.1. Identifying potential customers It is pretty much obvious that as our business would provide study materials, our prime customers are the students of Savar area. Our research shows that the total number of Students in Savar is huge and most of them can be turned into willing customers.
Table-3.1: Estimated number of university students at Savar1

Name of University Jahangirnagar University Gono Bishwabiddaloy BRAC University (Savar) City University Total

Estimated no. of Students 10000 2500 2000 Proposed 14500

17

The Relevant Aspects of our Venture Table-3.2: Estimated number of school and college students at Savar2

Name of School and College Savar Cantonment School and College BPATC School and College Savar University College Savar Model College Jahangirnagar University School and college Shangshaptak school and college Amin Model School and College Oxford School Morning Glory School Ashulia College College of Finance and Management Odhorchondra School and College Total

Estimated no. of Students 1200 800 1000 300 700 400 400 200 150 150 200 500 6000

There are also quite a few schools established by various NGOs at Savar.
Table-3.3: Estimated number of students in the university coaching centers at Savar3

Name of University Coaching Center Shangshaptak Aunkur Elevator Amar Ekushey U.C.C. UNIAID U@C J@CC Admission+ Kaizen S@ifurs Total

Estimated no. of Students 200 300 200 400 800 500 100 50 120 150 350 3070

18

The Relevant Aspects of our Venture

3.1.1.2. Scale of demand of study materials We calculated the demand of study materials based from the findings of the questionnaire
Table-3.4: Estimated total amount of purchase by the customers annually

Type of Educational Institution University College School

Estimated Students 14,500 900 1,000

Average Estimated Amount of Purchase of Study Materials 4,293 11,000 2,500

Total Amount of Purchase (BDT) 6,22,48,500 99,00,000 25,00,000

Total 7,46,48,500

3.1.2. The suppliers By choosing a good source to collect goods can reduce purchasing cost and other unnecessary costs. So we must choose such a supplier of our goods which can provide us with most of our goods conveniently. We will establish an agreement with several reputed and willing study material providers of Nilkhet and Banglabazar to provide us with needed study materials. These two locations are most abundant with all types of study materials imaginable; so we can easily get all the types of study materials we need. Moreover, a long-term contract would help us lower the price of materials bought and facilitate trade on- credit. 3.1.3. The competitors The presence of strong competitors poses a great threat to a firm. Everyone must be constantly on their toes or else they might fall short of competition and go out of the market. Luckily, we wont have to face such intense competition for some time because the book supply market is still not well structured here at Savar. There are a few suppliers of school and college books but almost no source of university books. So this is a plus point for us and we should fully capitalize this opportunity. 3.2. Stability of the demand for course materials Conducting a business whose products demand is pretty much stable is a plus point for the entrepreneurs. Otherwise they need to constantly adjust with the dynamic market. But our business is the ones that enjoy a stable market. As the different educational institutions will keep generating students, there will always be a demand for course materials.

19

The Relevant Aspects of our Venture

From our research, we have found that the students of school, colleges and universities buy most of their course materials at different time of the year. But overall, there is a demand for course materials all year round.
Table-3.5: Time of demand of course materials of different educational institutions

Type of Educational Institution Time of Demand of Course Materials University College School University Coaching Centers 3.3. Profitability of the Business It is pretty much difficult to estimate the profitability of a proposed venture correctly. Our estimation is heavily dependant on our findings from observation, interview and the questionnaire. To calculate the annual estimated profit, we have used the following equation: Annual estimated Profit = Estimated Annual Income Estimated Annual expenditure All year round July to September January to March June to October

3.3.1. Estimating annual expenditure Our ventures annual expenditure would mainly be dependant on the scale of our business and business transactions.
Table 3.6: Estimated Annual Expenditure of our firm

Type of Expenditure Study Materials (BDT 50000 worth books per months) Transport Floor Space Rent (BDT 10,000 monthly) Employee Salary (BDT 2,600 on average for four five employees monthly) Maintenance Cost Advertisement/ Promotion Expense Utility Charge Insurance Premium Miscellaneous Expenses Total estimated annual operating expenses

Cost (BDT) 600,000 50,000 1,20,000 1,56,000 50,000 30,000 1,00,000 300,000 1,00,000 15,06,000

20

The Relevant Aspects of our Venture

3.3.2. Estimating annual income We have calculated the annual income by summing up earnings from our offered products and services.
Table 3.7: Estimated annual income of our firm

Type of Income Retailing activities (BDT 1000 from 2000 students annually) Various Services Total Estimated Annual Income

Income (BDT) 20,00,000 17,00,000 37,00,000

Estimated annual profit (BDT): = Annual Estimated Income Annual Estimated expenses = 37,00,000 15,06,000 = 21,94,000

Annual income from the venture of each partner:

= 21,94,0005 = 4,38,800 And so, the amount of profit is very handsome and therefore the business seems very profitable and rewarding. Partners can keep some the profit for future business purpose and then distribute the profit among them. 3.4. Sustainability of the business and SWOT analysis A business can only be truly sustainable if it has an organized structure, well-rooted plans for future endeavors and stable enough to overcome its weaknesses and the underlying threats in the market. The SWOT analysis will be highly useful for this regard.

21

The Relevant Aspects of our Venture

Table 3.8: SWOT analysis of our proposed venture

Strengths
Offering the most variety of course materials and services Presence of coordinated plan Entrepreneurs knowledge of business

Weaknesses
Lack of experience Lack of reputation

Opportunities
Huge market with gigantic demand Stable demand Lack of strong competition

Threats
Future competitors Political unrest

So, it can be said from the above analysis that if we properly utilize our strengths and opportunities, we can overcome our weaknesses and battle the potential threats for our growth. 3.5. Scope of future growth Our venture may not seem to be very prospective but in reality there is a lot of scope to expand the business and increase profitability. If we can do our business in the right way and earn our customers confidence, we can think of providing a more diversified array of products and services like printing books for armature authors, book delivery service, offering even more variety of books etc. We could also open branches of our venture to better serve the customers.

22

CHAPTER-IV
Appended Parts

23

4.1. Sample questionnaire

Dear Respondent, We are the students of Department of Finance & Banking, Jahangirnagar University. As a part of the curriculum, we need to prepare a report titled, Introducing a New Venture in Savar, Bangladesh: An Exploration of the Different Aspects. We have thought of some alternatives and one of them is an enterprise mainly dedicated to providing course materials to students of Savar. This questionnaire is prepared to estimate prospect of this idea. We would appreciate if you would give us a few minutes of your valuable time and help us in the survey. Your valued answer will be treated as confidential and anonymous. Participation in this survey is completely voluntary. --------------------------------------------[Please put a tick () mark on the box beside the answer that best reflects your opinions] Gender: Male Female Unemployed

Employment: Employed

Name: _________________________________________________________________ Educational Institution: _________________________________________________ 1. Location: Residential Student Savar Dhaka Other (please specify) ____________________________ 2. Education Level: Primary Secondary Higher Secondary Undergraduate Post-graduate Ph.D Others (please specify) ____________________ 3. About how many course related books do you have to study in a year? 6-10 11-15 16-20 21-25 Above 25 4. At which time of the year you need new course materials? January-March March-May May-July July-September September-November November-January All year round 5. Mainly from where do you collect your course books? Savar Dhaka (Nilkhet- Banglabazar) Others (please specify) ____________________________

*If your answer is Dhaka (Nilkhet- Banglabazar), then answer questions 5, otherwise skip to question 6
6. Why do you prefer to buy books from Nilkhet- Banglabazar? Closer to home All books available there Books cheaper there 7. About how many times in a year do you have to purchase new course materials? 1 2 3 4 5 More than 5 times 8. About how much do you spend in buying your study materials in a year? Below 1000 1000-2000 2000-3000 3000-4000 Over 4000

24

9. Which place would be the most convenient for you to buy your course materials? Dhaka (Nilkhet- Banglabazar) Farmgate Somewhere within Savar Others (please specify) ________________________________ 10. Please specify the names of some (at least five) course books that were very useful or very much needed to you: Title of Book Author

11. Would you prefer to buy your study materials from Savar, namely at Savar Bazar? Yes No Indifferent *Please explain your opinion ____________________________________________________

--Thank you for your kind cooperation--

25

4.2. Findings from questionnaire 4.2.1. Gender of the respondents

Table-4.1: Gender of the respondents

Gender Total interviewed Percentage Male 45 53% Female 40 47% 85 100% 4.2.2. Employment status of the respondents
Table-4.2: Employment status of the respondents

Employment Status Number Percentage Employed Unemployed 31 54 85 36% 64% 100%

4.2.3. Location of the respondents

Table-4.3: Location of the respondents

Location Resident Students Savar Dhaka Other

Number Percentage 20 24% 19 22% 40 47% 6 7% 85 100%

4.2.4. Education level of the respondents

Table-4.4: Education level of the respondents

Education Level Number Percentage Primary 5 6% Secondary 7 8% Higher secondary 8 9% Undergraduate 40 47% Post-graduate 20 24% PhD 5 6% Others 0 0% 85 100%

26

4.2.5. Average number of books read annually by the respondents

Table-4.5: Average number of books read annually by the respondents

Number of course books read annually (Class boundaries) 6-10 11-15 16-20 21-25 26-30 (Above 25)

Mid-point of the class 8 13 18 23 28

Number of students (frequency) 7 19 23 33 3 85

Mid-point of the class x frequency 56 247 414 759 84 1560

Majority Primary Secondary Higher secondary Undergraduate PhD

Average (arithmetic mean1) number of books read annually by the respondents:

= Product of mid-point of the class and frequency/ frequency = 1560/85 = 18 4.2.6. Time of need of new course materials of the respondents
Table-4.6: Time of need of new course materials of the respondents

Timeframe January-march March-May May-July July-September SeptemberNovember November-January All year round

Number of students 9 7 3 8 5 4 49 85

Percentage 11% 8% 4% 9% 6% 5% 57% 100%

Majority Primary Secondary Secondary Higher Secondary Undergraduate Secondary, Higher Secondary Undergraduate

27

4.2.7. Source of course materials of the respondents

Table-4.7: Source of course materials of the respondents

Source of course materials Savar Dhaka (Nilkhet-Banglabazar) Others

Number of students 13 53 19 85

Percentage 15% 62% 23% 100%

Majority Secondary Undergraduate Higher Secondary

4.2.8. Reason for preferring Dhaka (Nilkhet- Banglabazar) to buy books by the respondents
Table-4.8: Reason for preferring Dhaka (Nilkhet- Banglabazar) to buy books by the respondents

Reason to Prefer Dhaka (Nilkhet- Banglabazar) Closer to home Availability Cheaper

Number of students 11 59 15 85

Percentage 13% 69% 18% 100%

4.2.9. Number of times bought course materials annually by the respondents

Table-4.9: Number of times bought course materials annually by the respondents

Number of times bought Number of students Percentage course materials 1 2 3 4 5 Above 5 8 9 3 17 42 7 85 9% 11% 4% 20% 49% 7% 100%

Majority Primary Secondary Higher secondary Post graduate Undergraduate PhD

28

4.2.10. Average amount spent in study materials annually by the respondents

Table-4.10: Average amount spent in study materials annually by the respondents

Amount spent in study materials (Class boundaries) 0-1000 (Below 1000) 1000-2000 2000-3000 3000-4000 4000-5000(Over 4000)

Mid-point of the class 1000 1500 2500 3500 4500

Number of students (frequency) 4 10 13 12 46 85

Mid-point of the class x frequency 4000 15000 32500 42000 207000 300500

Majority

Primary Secondary Higher secondary Post graduate Undergraduate

Average (arithmetic mean) amount spent in study materials annually by the respondents: = Product of mid-point of the class and frequency/ frequency = 300500/85 = 3535.30 4.2.11. Average amount spent in study materials annually by the respondents studying in universities
Table-4.11: Average amount spent in study materials annually by the respondents studying in universities

Amount spent 3000-4000 4000-5000

Mid-point of the class 3500 4500

Number of students (frequency) 12 46 58

Mid-point of the class x frequency 42000 207000 249000

Average (arithmetic mean) amount spent in study materials annually by the respondents studying in universities: = Product of mid-point of the class and frequency/ frequency = 249000/58 = 4293

29

4.2.12. Average amount spent in study materials annually by the respondents studying in schools
Table-4.12: Average amount spent in study materials annually by the respondents studying in schools

Amount spent 0-1000 1000-2000

Mid-point of the class 1000 1500

Number of students (frequency) 4 10 14

Mid-point of the class x frequency 4000 150000 154000

Average (arithmetic mean) amount spent in study materials annually by the respondents studying in universities: = Product of mid-point of the class and frequency/ frequency = 154000/14 = 11000 4.2.13. Average amount spent in study materials annually by the respondents studying in colleges
Table-4.13: Average amount spent in study materials annually by the respondents studying in colleges

Amount spent 2000-3000

Mid-point of the class 2500

Number of students (frequency) 13

Mid-point of the class x frequency 32500

Average (arithmetic mean) amount spent in study materials annually by the respondents studying in colleges: = Product of mid-point of the class and frequency/ frequency = 32500/13 = 2500

30

4.2.14. The most convenient location for the respondents to buy their course materials
Table-4.14: The most convenient location for the respondents to buy their course materials

Location Dhaka (Nilkhet-Banglabazar) Farmgate Savar Others

Number of Students Percentage 26 7 44 8 85 31% 8% 52% 9% 100%

4.2.15. Whether the respondents will buy their study materials from Savar or not
Table-4.15: Whether the respondents will buy their study materials from Savar or not

Opinion Yes No Indifferent

Number of Students Percentage 57 17 11 85 67% 20% 13% 100%

31

4.3. References Chapter 1

1

Authority of Razzak plaza, personal communication

Chapter 1
1,2,3

Savar Upozilla education office

4.4. Bibliography 1. Lesikar, Raymond V., Marie E. Flatley, Kathryn Rentz (2008). Boston: Garner, Joel 2. Robbins, Stephen P. & Mary Coulter (2009). London: Norbuta, Kim

32