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1. Read the text and answer the question!

Earthquake is any sudden shaking of the ground caused by the passage of seismic waves through
Earth’s rocks. Seismic waves are produced when some form of energy stored in Earth’s crust is
suddenly released, usually when masses of rock straining against one another suddenly fracture and
“slip.” Earthquakes occur most often along geologic faults, narrow zones where rock masses move in
relation to one another. The major fault lines of the world are located at the fringes of the huge
tectonic plates that make up Earth’s crust.

Little was understood about earthquakes until the emergence of seismology at the beginning of the
20th century. Seismology, which involves the scientific study of all aspects of earthquakes, has yielded
answers to such long-standing questions as why and how earthquakes occur. About 50,000
earthquakes large enough to be noticed without the aid of instruments occur annually over the entire
Earth. Of these, approximately 100 are of sufficient size to produce substantial damage if their centers
are near areas of habitation. Very great earthquakes occur on average about once per year. Over the
centuries they have been responsible for millions of deaths and an incalculable amount of damage to
property.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (n.d.). Taken on July 26, 2021 from https://www.britannica.com/topic/list-of-earthquakes-2009168.

The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses ….

a. Suggestions to emerge the seismology to detect the earthquake

b. Examples of the substantial damage that caused by the earthquake

c. The development of seismology to identify the earthquake earlier

d. Factors that cause the earthquake and seismic wave

e. The reason why we need the seismology

2. Read the text and answer the question!

Earthquake is any sudden shaking of the ground caused by the passage of seismic waves through
Earth’s rocks. Seismic waves are produced when some form of energy stored in Earth’s crust is
suddenly released, usually when masses of rock straining against one another suddenly fracture and
“slip.” Earthquakes occur most often along geologic faults, narrow zones where rock masses move in
relation to one another. The major fault lines of the world are located at the fringes of the huge
tectonic plates that make up Earth’s crust.

Little was understood about earthquakes until the emergence of seismology at the beginning of the
20th century. Seismology, which involves the scientific study of all aspects of earthquakes, has yielded
answers to such long-standing questions as why and how earthquakes occur. About 50,000
earthquakes large enough to be noticed without the aid of instruments occur annually over the entire
Earth. Of these, approximately 100 are of sufficient size to produce substantial damage if their centers
are near areas of habitation. Very great earthquakes occur on average about once per year. Over the
centuries they have been responsible for millions of deaths and an incalculable amount of damage to
property.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (n.d.). Taken on July 26, 2021 from https://www.britannica.com/topic/list-of-earthquakes-2009168.

What is the author’s attitude towards the topic of the passage?

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a. Exemplify

b. Critical

c. Concerned

d. Satisfy

e. Optimistic

3. Read the text and answer the question!

Earthquake is any sudden shaking of the ground caused by the passage of seismic waves through
Earth’s rocks. Seismic waves are produced when some form of energy stored in Earth’s crust is
suddenly released, usually when masses of rock straining against one another suddenly fracture and
“slip.” Earthquakes occur most often along geologic faults, narrow zones where rock masses move in
relation to one another. The major fault lines of the world are located at the fringes of the huge
tectonic plates that make up Earth’s crust.

Little was understood about earthquakes until the emergence of seismology at the beginning of the
20th century. Seismology, which involves the scientific study of all aspects of earthquakes, has yielded
answers to such long-standing questions as why and how earthquakes occur. About 50,000
earthquakes large enough to be noticed without the aid of instruments occur annually over the entire
Earth. Of these, approximately 100 are of sufficient size to produce substantial damage if their centers
are near areas of habitation. Very great earthquakes occur on average about once per year. Over the
centuries they have been responsible for millions of deaths and an incalculable amount of damage to
property.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (n.d.). Taken on July 26, 2021 from https://www.britannica.com/topic/list-of-earthquakes-2009168.

The idea in the passage may be best summarized that …

a. Earthquake is any sudden shaking of the ground that can be identified by the seismology.

b. Earthquake is any sudden shaking of the ground that can cause substantial damage if their
centers are near areas of habitation.

c. Earthquake is suddenly released the masses of the rock straining against one another.

d. The seismology was being emerge at the beginning of the 20th century.

e. Very great earthquakes occur on average about once per year.

4. Read the text and answer the question!

Earthquake is any sudden shaking of the ground caused by the passage of seismic waves through
Earth’s rocks. Seismic waves are produced when some form of energy stored in Earth’s crust is
suddenly released, usually when masses of rock straining against one another suddenly fracture and
“slip.” Earthquakes occur most often along geologic faults, narrow zones where rock masses move in
relation to one another. The major fault lines of the world are located at the fringes of the huge
tectonic plates that make up Earth’s crust.

Little was understood about earthquakes until the emergence of seismology at the beginning of the
20th century. Seismology, which involves the scientific study of all aspects of earthquakes, has yielded
answers to such long-standing questions as why and how earthquakes occur. About 50,000
earthquakes large enough to be noticed without the aid of instruments occur annually over the entire

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Earth. Of these, approximately 100 are of sufficient size to produce substantial damage if their centers
are near areas of habitation. Very great earthquakes occur on average about once per year. Over the
centuries they have been responsible for millions of deaths and an incalculable amount of damage to
property.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (n.d.). Taken on July 26, 2021 from https://www.britannica.com/topic/list-of-earthquakes-2009168.

What will happen when the passage of seismic waves through Earth’s rocks?

a. It will answers why and how earthquakes occur.

b. It may causes the earthquake.

c. It will stored some form of energy in Earth’s crust.

d. The masses of rock will slip.

e. It may produces the seismic waves.

5. The question is based on the following passage.

TikTok is often applauded for its recommendation system; once it’s finely tuned, the app becomes
one of the best scrolling experiences. My personal theory is that’s why TikTok is so addicting—
everything is so perfectly curated to your specific interests, it’s hard to put the phone down once
you’re sucked in. However, TikTok’s recommendation algorithm still has its own flaws that the
company brings up in its new blog post.

“One of the inherent challenges with recommendation engines is that they can inadvertently limit
user experience–what is sometimes referred to as a ‘filter bubble’,” the post reads. It states that by
optimizing for personalization and relevance, there is a risk of presenting an increasingly homogenous
stream of videos. The post addresses the filter bubble by explaining its goal of interrupting repetitive
content. The “For You” feed “generally won’t show two videos in a row made with the same sound or
by the same creator,” the post says. The idea is that more new types of videos will surface on a feed
than ones that feel like more of the same.

Another issue that TikTok takes seriously is not surfacing dangerous content. This is an issue that
YouTube in particular has faced criticism over for many years. According to TikTok, content that has
graphic material like medical procedures or “legal consumption of regulated goods,” like alcohol, may
not be eligible for recommendation because it could come across as “shocking if surfaced as a
recommended video to a general audience”. That’s why many creators on TikTok will upload a video
more than once or talk openly about feeling shadow banned over particular content.

Alexander, J. (2020). TikTok reveals some of the secrets, and blind spots, of its recommendation algorithm. Taken on December 31, 2021 from
https://www.theverge.com/2020/6/18/21296044/tiktok-for-you-page-algorithm-sides-engagement-data-creators-trends-sounds.

The writer of the passage intends to ...

a. illustrate TikTok users' concerns about the app's recommendation system

b. oppose the idea that TikTok has a sophisticated recommendation system

c. warn readers about what may result from TikTok’s poor recommendation system

d. inform the negative impacts of TikTok's recommendation system based on the company's view

e. explain how TikTok resolves the recommendation system issue

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6. The question is based on the following passage.

TikTok is often applauded for its recommendation system; once it’s finely tuned, the app becomes
one of the best scrolling experiences. My personal theory is that’s why TikTok is so addicting—
everything is so perfectly curated to your specific interests, it’s hard to put the phone down once
you’re sucked in. However, TikTok’s recommendation algorithm still has its own flaws that the
company brings up in its new blog post.

“One of the inherent challenges with recommendation engines is that they can inadvertently limit
user experience–what is sometimes referred to as a ‘filter bubble’,” the post reads. It states that by
optimizing for personalization and relevance, there is a risk of presenting an increasingly homogenous
stream of videos. The post addresses the filter bubble by explaining its goal of interrupting repetitive
content. The “For You” feed “generally won’t show two videos in a row made with the same sound or
by the same creator,” the post says. The idea is that more new types of videos will surface on a feed
than ones that feel like more of the same.

Another issue that TikTok takes seriously is not surfacing dangerous content. This is an issue that
YouTube in particular has faced criticism over for many years. According to TikTok, content that has
graphic material like medical procedures or “legal consumption of regulated goods,” like alcohol, may
not be eligible for recommendation because it could come across as “shocking if surfaced as a
recommended video to a general audience”. That’s why many creators on TikTok will upload a video
more than once or talk openly about feeling shadow banned over particular content.

Alexander, J. (2020). TikTok reveals some of the secrets, and blind spots, of its recommendation algorithm. Taken on December 31, 2021 from
https://www.theverge.com/2020/6/18/21296044/tiktok-for-you-page-algorithm-sides-engagement-data-creators-trends-sounds.

What is most likely discussed in the paragraph preceding the passage?

a. How TikTok crafted its recommendation engine

b. The impacts of the way TikTok works on its users

c. Things that have contributed to TikTok’s addictiveness

d. How TikTok algorithm works in recommending contents

e. User satisfaction with recommendation system in other platforms

7. The question is based on the following passage.

TikTok is often applauded for its recommendation system; once it’s finely tuned, the app becomes
one of the best scrolling experiences. My personal theory is that’s why TikTok is so addicting—
everything is so perfectly curated to your specific interests, it’s hard to put the phone down once
you’re sucked in. However, TikTok’s recommendation algorithm still has its own flaws that the
company brings up in its new blog post.

“One of the inherent challenges with recommendation engines is that they can inadvertently limit
user experience–what is sometimes referred to as a ‘filter bubble’,” the post reads. It states that by
optimizing for personalization and relevance, there is a risk of presenting an increasingly homogenous
stream of videos. The post addresses the filter bubble by explaining its goal of interrupting repetitive
content. The “For You” feed “generally won’t show two videos in a row made with the same sound or
by the same creator,” the post says. The idea is that more new types of videos will surface on a feed
than ones that feel like more of the same.

Another issue that TikTok takes seriously is not surfacing dangerous content. This is an issue that

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YouTube in particular has faced criticism over for many years. According to TikTok, content that has
graphic material like medical procedures or “legal consumption of regulated goods,” like alcohol, may
not be eligible for recommendation because it could come across as “shocking if surfaced as a
recommended video to a general audience”. That’s why many creators on TikTok will upload a video
more than once or talk openly about feeling shadow banned over particular content.

Alexander, J. (2020). TikTok reveals some of the secrets, and blind spots, of its recommendation algorithm. Taken on December 31, 2021 from
https://www.theverge.com/2020/6/18/21296044/tiktok-for-you-page-algorithm-sides-engagement-data-creators-trends-sounds.

On the basis of the passage, it can be predicted that ...

a. Video creators on TikTok will avoid creating dangerous content.

b. TikTok will be considered a safer social media platform compared to YouTube.

c. Videos with sensitive content can only be recommended for a specific scope of viewers.

d. Other social media platforms will look up to TikTok for its good recommendation system.

e. Users will be more exposed to topics outside their preferences from the “For You” feed.

8. The question is based on the following passage.

TikTok is often applauded for its recommendation system; once it’s finely tuned, the app becomes
one of the best scrolling experiences. My personal theory is that’s why TikTok is so addicting—
everything is so perfectly curated to your specific interests, it’s hard to put the phone down once
you’re sucked in. However, TikTok’s recommendation algorithm still has its own flaws that the
company brings up in its new blog post.

“One of the inherent challenges with recommendation engines is that they can inadvertently limit
user experience–what is sometimes referred to as a ‘filter bubble’,” the post reads. It states that by
optimizing for personalization and relevance, there is a risk of presenting an increasingly homogenous
stream of videos. The post addresses the filter bubble by explaining its goal of interrupting repetitive
content. The “For You” feed “generally won’t show two videos in a row made with the same sound or
by the same creator,” the post says. The idea is that more new types of videos will surface on a feed
than ones that feel like more of the same.

Another issue that TikTok takes seriously is not surfacing dangerous content. This is an issue that
YouTube in particular has faced criticism over for many years. According to TikTok, content that has
graphic material like medical procedures or “legal consumption of regulated goods,” like alcohol, may
not be eligible for recommendation because it could come across as “shocking if surfaced as a
recommended video to a general audience”. That’s why many creators on TikTok will upload a video
more than once or talk openly about feeling shadow banned over particular content.

Alexander, J. (2020). TikTok reveals some of the secrets, and blind spots, of its recommendation algorithm. Taken on December 31, 2021 from
https://www.theverge.com/2020/6/18/21296044/tiktok-for-you-page-algorithm-sides-engagement-data-creators-trends-sounds.

What do we know about TikTok's recommendation system?

a. It takes a while to set up before it can function properly.

b. It is likely to reduce users’ accessibility to a wider range of content.

c. It is solely responsible for giving the finest scrolling experience for users.

d. Its optimization runs the risk of making users watch the same videos more than once.

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e. It unintentionally lowers user interaction to recommended videos in their feed.

9. The question is based on the following text.

Feline chlamydial conjunctivitis is an infection caused by a bacterial organism (called Chlamydophila

felis). The most common signs of chlamydia in cats involve the eyes or the upper respiratory tract
(nose or throat), and only when infection is not treated does it spread to the lungs. Because chlamydia
lives inside cells of the body and is not able to survive for long in the environment, spread of infection
relies on direct or close contact with an infected cat. Following infection, the incubation period (the
time between infection and development of clinical signs of disease) is between three and ten days.

The bacteria primarily infects the conjunctiva, which are the delicate membranes lining the eyelids
and covering the edges of the eyeballs. The infection causes inflammation known as conjunctivitis. In
normal cats, the conjunctiva is not readily visible and has a pale, salmon pink color. In cats with
conjunctivitis, the conjunctiva becomes swollen and red, making it more visible. The nictitating
membrane or third eyelid in the inner corner of the eye may protrude partially across the eye. One or
both eyes may be involved.

Affected cats initially develop a watery discharge from the eyes that quickly becomes thicker and is
usually a yellow or greenish color. The eyes are uncomfortable and cats often keep the affected eye(s)
closed. Many cats remain bright and otherwise appear normal, but some may develop a fever or lose
their appetite. After one or two days, sniffles and sneezing may also occur. In kittens, the infection
may spread to the lungs and cause a fatal pneumonia.

Hunter, T. (n.d). Chlamydial Conjunctivitis in Cats. Taken on September 21, 2021 from https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/chlamydial-
conjunctivitis-in-cats.

The correct statement based on the passage is …

a. Cats frequently close their eyes when chlamydophila felis has infected their eyes.

b. Conjunctivitis in cats may be recognized by salmon pink, swollen and red conjunctiva.

c. Other cats will be afflicted with chlamydia if they live in the same place with infected cats.

d. Bacteria of chlamydia can infect two more of cats' organs if they do not get any proper
treatments.

e. It takes more than a week to identify whether or not cats show clinical signs of chlamydia after
infection.

10. The question is based on the following text.

Feline chlamydial conjunctivitis is an infection caused by a bacterial organism (called Chlamydophila

felis). The most common signs of chlamydia in cats involve the eyes or the upper respiratory tract
(nose or throat), and only when infection is not treated does it spread to the lungs. Because chlamydia
lives inside cells of the body and is not able to survive for long in the environment, spread of infection
relies on direct or close contact with an infected cat. Following infection, the incubation period (the
time between infection and development of clinical signs of disease) is between three and ten days.

The bacteria primarily infects the conjunctiva, which are the delicate membranes lining the eyelids
and covering the edges of the eyeballs. The infection causes inflammation known as conjunctivitis. In
normal cats, the conjunctiva is not readily visible and has a pale, salmon pink color. In cats with
conjunctivitis, the conjunctiva becomes swollen and red, making it more visible. The nictitating
membrane or third eyelid in the inner corner of the eye may protrude partially across the eye. One or

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both eyes may be involved.

Affected cats initially develop a watery discharge from the eyes that quickly becomes thicker and is
usually a yellow or greenish color. The eyes are uncomfortable and cats often keep the affected eye(s)
closed. Many cats remain bright and otherwise appear normal, but some may develop a fever or lose
their appetite. After one or two days, sniffles and sneezing may also occur. In kittens, the infection
may spread to the lungs and cause a fatal pneumonia.

Hunter, T. (n.d). Chlamydial Conjunctivitis in Cats. Taken on September 21, 2021 from https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/chlamydial-
conjunctivitis-in-cats.

In the second paragraph, the word inflammation most nearly means ....

a. rash

b. bruise

c. scrape

d. swelling

e. soreness

11. The question is based on the following text.

Feline chlamydial conjunctivitis is an infection caused by a bacterial organism (called Chlamydophila

felis). The most common signs of chlamydia in cats involve the eyes or the upper respiratory tract
(nose or throat), and only when infection is not treated does it spread to the lungs. Because chlamydia
lives inside cells of the body and is not able to survive for long in the environment, spread of infection
relies on direct or close contact with an infected cat. Following infection, the incubation period (the
time between infection and development of clinical signs of disease) is between three and ten days.

The bacteria primarily infects the conjunctiva, which are the delicate membranes lining the eyelids
and covering the edges of the eyeballs. The infection causes inflammation known as conjunctivitis. In
normal cats, the conjunctiva is not readily visible and has a pale, salmon pink color. In cats with
conjunctivitis, the conjunctiva becomes swollen and red, making it more visible. The nictitating
membrane or third eyelid in the inner corner of the eye may protrude partially across the eye. One or
both eyes may be involved.

Affected cats initially develop a watery discharge from the eyes that quickly becomes thicker and is
usually a yellow or greenish color. The eyes are uncomfortable and cats often keep the affected eye(s)
closed. Many cats remain bright and otherwise appear normal, but some may develop a fever or lose
their appetite. After one or two days, sniffles and sneezing may also occur. In kittens, the infection
may spread to the lungs and cause a fatal pneumonia.

Hunter, T. (n.d). Chlamydial Conjunctivitis in Cats. Taken on September 21, 2021 from https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/chlamydial-
conjunctivitis-in-cats.

What does the text mainly deal with?

a. The process of chlamydia afflicting cats

b. An overview of feline chlamydial conjunctivitis

c. Clinical signs of feline chlamydial conjunctivitis

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d. Feline chlamydial conjunctivitis threatening cats

e. Treatments for cats with chlamydia conjunctivitis

12. The question is based on the following text.

Feline chlamydial conjunctivitis is an infection caused by a bacterial organism (called Chlamydophila

felis). The most common signs of chlamydia in cats involve the eyes or the upper respiratory tract
(nose or throat), and only when infection is not treated does it spread to the lungs. Because chlamydia
lives inside cells of the body and is not able to survive for long in the environment, spread of infection
relies on direct or close contact with an infected cat. Following infection, the incubation period (the
time between infection and development of clinical signs of disease) is between three and ten days.

The bacteria primarily infects the conjunctiva, which are the delicate membranes lining the eyelids
and covering the edges of the eyeballs. The infection causes inflammation known as conjunctivitis. In
normal cats, the conjunctiva is not readily visible and has a pale, salmon pink color. In cats with
conjunctivitis, the conjunctiva becomes swollen and red, making it more visible. The nictitating
membrane or third eyelid in the inner corner of the eye may protrude partially across the eye. One or
both eyes may be involved.

Affected cats initially develop a watery discharge from the eyes that quickly becomes thicker and is
usually a yellow or greenish color. The eyes are uncomfortable and cats often keep the affected eye(s)
closed. Many cats remain bright and otherwise appear normal, but some may develop a fever or lose
their appetite. After one or two days, sniffles and sneezing may also occur. In kittens, the infection
may spread to the lungs and cause fatal pneumonia.

Hunter, T. (n.d). Chlamydial Conjunctivitis in Cats. Taken on September 21, 2021 from https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/chlamydial-
conjunctivitis-in-cats.

One of the symptoms of feline chlamydial conjunctivitis is ….

a. eating disorder

b. laboured breathing

c. low body temperature

d. abnormal eye discharge

e. dysfunctional eye membrane

13. The question is based on the following text.

Feline chlamydial conjunctivitis is an infection caused by a bacterial organism (called Chlamydophila

felis). The most common signs of chlamydia in cats involve the eyes or the upper respiratory tract
(nose or throat), and only when infection is not treated does it spread to the lungs. Because chlamydia
lives inside cells of the body and is not able to survive for long in the environment, spread of infection
relies on direct or close contact with an infected cat. Following infection, the incubation period (the
time between infection and development of clinical signs of disease) is between three and ten days.

The bacteria primarily infects the conjunctiva, which are the delicate membranes lining the eyelids
and covering the edges of the eyeballs. The infection causes inflammation known as conjunctivitis. In
normal cats, the conjunctiva is not readily visible and has a pale, salmon pink color. In cats with
conjunctivitis, the conjunctiva becomes swollen and red, making it more visible. The nictitating
membrane or third eyelid in the inner corner of the eye may protrude partially across the eye. One or

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both eyes may be involved.

Affected cats initially develop a watery discharge from the eyes that quickly becomes thicker and is
usually a yellow or greenish color. The eyes are uncomfortable and cats often keep the affected eye(s)
closed. Many cats remain bright and otherwise appear normal, but some may develop a fever or lose
their appetite. After one or two days, sniffles and sneezing may also occur. In kittens, the infection
may spread to the lungs and cause a fatal pneumonia.

Hunter, T. (n.d). Chlamydial Conjunctivitis in Cats. Taken on September 21, 2021 from https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/chlamydial-
conjunctivitis-in-cats.

What does the paragraph following most likely talk about?

a. Possibilities of humans affected by chlamydia from cats

b. The proper treatments for cats with chlamydia

c. Recent research about chlamydia in cats

d. Other causes of pneumonia in kittens

e. The process of chlamydia infection

14. Read the text and answer the question!

The Sunday night killing of over 60 people in Mpeketoni in Lamu County, which is in the Kenyan
north coast, has dealt a severe blow to Kenya’s tourism industry. The latest attacks have seriously
dented Kenya’s image abroad and badly affected the tourism sector which has been on a downward
trend in the last one year. Acknowledged worldwide as a top tourist destination and boasting of
famous beaches and wildlife safaris, the Kenyan tourism sector is now at its lowest ebb.

According to the Federation of Kenya Employers (FKE), several hotels at the Kenyan coast have
scaled down operations, and others have closed down. The Mpeketoni killing comes in the wake of a
spate of terror linked attacks in Kenya’s major towns which now threatens to cripple the once booming
tourism sector. Two days before the Mpeketoni assault, the United Kingdom had closed down its
Honorary Consulate in Mombasa citing security fears. In mid May, the UK Foreign and Commonwealth
Office advised its citizens against all but essential travel to Mombasa. Following this travel advisory,
more than 500 UK citizens who were holidaying in Mombasa were evacuated. The UK is the largest
tourist source market for Kenya. France, US and Australia took the cue from the UK government and
issued similar travel advisories and scaling down the operations of their embassies.

According to the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS), tourism accounts for 12 percent of
Kenya’s economy earning revenues that average $1.1 billion annually. Tourism occupies a central
place in Kenya which is East Africa’s largest economy. After agriculture’s main exports of tea, coffee,
and horticulture, tourism is the second foreign exchange earner for Kenya.

Growing insecurity is among the main reasons given by the tourism ministry explaining the
declining tourists’ arrivals. The FKE has called on the government to contain the rising insecurity as
the woes on the hospitality industry are having a spiral effect on other sectors. The government has
given all assurances of remedying the lapses within the security system and increased allocations to
the military, police and intelligence services. This increased budget is aimed at modernizing the police
service, adopting latest surveillance gadgetry and boosting morale within the entire security system.

Kabukuru, W. (2014). Insecurity leads to Kenya's tourism decline. Taken on April 21, 2020, from http://www.seychellesnewsagency.com/articles/780/.

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The author of the passage most likely provides the information in paragraph 3 to ….

a. calculate Kenya’s revenues from tourism industry

b. reflect the paradoxical nature of national economy

c. compare revenues obtained from two different sectors

d. refute the common misconception about tourism industry of Kenya

e. point out the significance of a particular sector in a nation’s economy

15. Read the text and answer the question!

The Sunday night killing of over 60 people in Mpeketoni in Lamu County, which is in the Kenyan
north coast, has dealt a severe blow to Kenya’s tourism industry. The latest attacks have seriously
dented Kenya’s image abroad and badly affected the tourism sector which has been on a downward
trend in the last one year. Acknowledged worldwide as a top tourist destination and boasting of
famous beaches and wildlife safaris, the Kenyan tourism sector is now at its lowest ebb.

According to the Federation of Kenya Employers (FKE), several hotels at the Kenyan coast have
scaled down operations, and others have closed down. The Mpeketoni killing comes in the wake of a
spate of terror linked attacks in Kenya’s major towns which now threatens to cripple the once booming
tourism sector. Two days before the Mpeketoni assault, the United Kingdom had closed down its
Honorary Consulate in Mombasa citing security fears. In mid May, the UK Foreign and Commonwealth
Office advised its citizens against all but essential travel to Mombasa. Following this travel advisory,
more than 500 UK citizens who were holidaying in Mombasa were evacuated. The UK is the largest
tourist source market for Kenya. France, US and Australia took the cue from the UK government and
issued similar travel advisories and scaling down the operations of their embassies.

According to the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS), tourism accounts for 12 percent of
Kenya’s economy earning revenues that average $1.1 billion annually. Tourism occupies a central
place in Kenya which is East Africa’s largest economy. After agriculture’s main exports of tea, coffee,
and horticulture, tourism is the second foreign exchange earner for Kenya.

Growing insecurity is among the main reasons given by the tourism ministry explaining the
declining tourists’ arrivals. The FKE has called on the government to contain the rising insecurity as
the woes on the hospitality industry are having a spiral effect on other sectors. The government has
given all assurances of remedying the lapses within the security system and increased allocations to
the military, police and intelligence services. This increased budget is aimed at modernizing the police
service, adopting latest surveillance gadgetry and boosting morale within the entire security system.

Kabukuru, W. (2014). Insecurity Leads to Kenya's Tourism Decline. Taken on April 21, 2020, from
http://www.seychellesnewsagency.com/articles/780/.

The tourism issue encountered by Kenya which is depicted in the passage is most analogous with
which of the following condition?

a. A country was lockdowned due to a pandemic disease.

b. Government raised fuel price to solve economic issue.

c. Pickpocketing made customers reluctant to shop in a shopping center.

d. A multi layer bank security system protected their assets and employees.

e. War between two countries cost countless lives and left the survivor suffering.

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16. Read the text and answer the question!

The Sunday night killing of over 60 people in Mpeketoni in Lamu County, which is in the Kenyan
north coast, has dealt a severe blow to Kenya’s tourism industry. The latest attacks have seriously
dented Kenya’s image abroad and badly affected the tourism sector which has been on a downward
trend in the last one year. Acknowledged worldwide as a top tourist destination and boasting of
famous beaches and wildlife safaris, the Kenyan tourism sector is now at its lowest ebb.

According to the Federation of Kenya Employers (FKE), several hotels at the Kenyan coast have
scaled down operations, and others have closed down. The Mpeketoni killing comes in the wake of a
spate of terror linked attacks in Kenya’s major towns which now threatens to cripple the once booming
tourism sector. Two days before the Mpeketoni assault, the United Kingdom had closed down its
Honorary Consulate in Mombasa citing security fears. In mid May, the UK Foreign and Commonwealth
Office advised its citizens against all but essential travel to Mombasa. Following this travel advisory,
more than 500 UK citizens who were holidaying in Mombasa were evacuated. The UK is the largest
tourist source market for Kenya. France, US and Australia took the cue from the UK government and
issued similar travel advisories and scaling down the operations of their embassies.

According to the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS), tourism accounts for 12 percent of
Kenya’s economy earning revenues that average $1.1 billion annually. Tourism occupies a central
place in Kenya which is East Africa’s largest economy. After agriculture’s main exports of tea, coffee,
and horticulture, tourism is the second foreign exchange earner for Kenya.

Growing insecurity is among the main reasons given by the tourism ministry explaining the
declining tourists’ arrivals. The FKE has called on the government to contain the rising insecurity as
the woes on the hospitality industry are having a spiral effect on other sectors. The government has
given all assurances of remedying the lapses within the security system and increased allocations to
the military, police and intelligence services. This increased budget is aimed at modernizing the police
service, adopting latest surveillance gadgetry and boosting morale within the entire security system.

Kabukuru, W. (2014). Insecurity leads to Kenya's tourism decline. Taken on April 21, 2020, from http://www.seychellesnewsagency.com/articles/780/.

According to the passage, the writer believes that Kenya ….

a. lacked fund to bolster its surveillance system

b. obtained less foreign exchange earning from tourism than from agricultural attractions in East
Africa

c. worked with the UK and three other countries to develop its tourism industry

d. had successfully remedied the temporary failure within its surveillance system

e. possessed the most magnificent beach and wildlife safa

17. The question is based on the following passage.

Crime-fighting technology is getting more sophisticated and rightly so. The police need to be
equipped for the 21st century. In Britain we've already got the world's biggest DNA database. By next
year the state will have access to the genetic data of 4.25m people: one British-based person in 14.
Hundreds of thousands of those on the database will never have been charged with a crime.

Britain is also reported to have more than 4 million CCTV (closed circuit television) cameras. Some
evidence suggests that CCTV is helpful in reducing shoplifting and car crime. It has also been used to
successfully identify terrorists and murderers. However, many claim that better lighting is just as

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effective to prevent crime and that cameras could displace crime. An internal police report said that
only one crime was solved for every 1,000 cameras in London in 2007. In short, there is conflicting
evidence about the effectiveness of cameras.

Professor Mike Press, who has spent the past decade studying how design can contribute to crime
reduction, said that, in order for CCTV to have any effect, it must be used in a targeted way. Most
schemes that simply record city centres continually - often not being watched - do not produce results.
He described it as a 'lazy approach to crime prevention' and said that authorities should instead be
focusing on how to alter the environment to reduce crime.

But in reality, this is not what is happening. Instead, police are considering using more technology.
Police forces have recently begun experimenting with cameras in their helmets. The footage will be
stored on police computers, along with the footage from thousands of CCTV cameras and millions of
pictures from number plate recognition cameras used increasingly to check up on motorists.

From the sentence "… authorities should instead be focusing on how to alter the environment to
reduce crime" in paragraph 3, it can be stated that …

a. Police do not have the responsibility for installing CCTVs.

b. No security system is effective enough to reduce and prevent crime.

c. Crime prevention through environmental design does not work to deter criminal behavior.

d. CCTV alone makes no positive impact on crime reduction and prevention at all.

e. The police, along with the citizens should use CCTVs for monitoring criminals.

18. The question is based on the following passage.

Crime-fighting technology is getting more sophisticated and rightly so. The police need to be
equipped for the 21st century. In Britain we've already got the world's biggest DNA database. By next
year the state will have access to the genetic data of 4.25m people: one British-based person in 14.
Hundreds of thousands of those on the database will never have been charged with a crime.

Britain is also reported to have more than 4 million CCTV (closed circuit television) cameras. Some
evidence suggests that CCTV is helpful in reducing shoplifting and car crime. It has also been used to
successfully identify terrorists and murderers. However, many claim that better lighting is just as
effective to prevent crime and that cameras could displace crime. An internal police report said that
only one crime was solved for every 1,000 cameras in London in 2007. In short, there is conflicting
evidence about the effectiveness of cameras.

Professor Mike Press, who has spent the past decade studying how design can contribute to crime
reduction, said that, in order for CCTV to have any effect, it must be used in a targeted way. Most
schemes that simply record city centres continually - often not being watched - do not produce results.
He described it as a 'lazy approach to crime prevention' and said that authorities should instead be
focusing on how to alter the environment to reduce crime.

But in reality, this is not what is happening. Instead, police are considering using more technology.
Police forces have recently begun experimenting with cameras in their helmets. The footage will be
stored on police computers, along with the footage from thousands of CCTV cameras and millions of
pictures from number plate recognition cameras used increasingly to check up on motorists.

The best title for this passage is ....

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a. The Use of CCTV

b. High-Tech Crime-Fighting Tool

c. Technology in Police Departments

d. The Benefits of CCTV Security Systems

e. Crime Prevention Systems

19. The question is based on the following passage.

Crime-fighting technology is getting more sophisticated and rightly so. The police need to be
equipped for the 21st century. In Britain we've already got the world's biggest DNA database. By next
year the state will have access to the genetic data of 4.25m people: one British-based person in 14.
Hundreds of thousands of those on the database will never have been charged with a crime.

Britain is also reported to have more than 4 million CCTV (closed circuit television) cameras. Some
evidence suggests that CCTV is helpful in reducing shoplifting and car crime. It has also been used to
successfully identify terrorists and murderers. However, many claim that better lighting is just as
effective to prevent crime and that cameras could displace crime. An internal police report said that
only one crime was solved for every 1,000 cameras in London in 2007. In short, there is conflicting
evidence about the effectiveness of cameras.

Professor Mike Press, who has spent the past decade studying how design can contribute to crime
reduction, said that, in order for CCTV to have any effect, it must be used in a targeted way. Most
schemes that simply record city centres continually - often not being watched - do not produce results.
He described it as a 'lazy approach to crime prevention' and said that authorities should instead be
focusing on how to alter the environment to reduce crime.

But in reality, this is not what is happening. Instead, police are considering using more technology.
Police forces have recently begun experimenting with cameras in their helmets. The footage will be
stored on police computers, along with the footage from thousands of CCTV cameras and millions of
pictures from number plate recognition cameras used increasingly to check up on motorists.

What is the motive of the writer to present the passage?

a. To raise people's awareness about crime in their areas

b. To describe how technology fights crime

c. To refute misconception about security systems

d. To discuss sophisticated crime-fighting technologies

e. To present different views on the use of technology in fighting crime

20. The question is based on the following passage.

Crime-fighting technology is getting more sophisticated and rightly so. The police need to be
equipped for the 21st century. In Britain we've already got the world's biggest DNA database. By next
year the state will have access to the genetic data of 4.25m people: one British-based person in 14.
Hundreds of thousands of those on the database will never have been charged with a crime.

Britain is also reported to have more than 4 million CCTV (closed circuit television) cameras. Some
evidence suggests that CCTV is helpful in reducing shoplifting and car crime. It has also been used to

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successfully identify terrorists and murderers. However, many claim that better lighting is just as
effective to prevent crime and that cameras could displace crime. An internal police report said that
only one crime was solved for every 1,000 cameras in London in 2007. In short, there is conflicting
evidence about the effectiveness of cameras.

Professor Mike Press, who has spent the past decade studying how design can contribute to crime
reduction, said that, in order for CCTV to have any effect, it must be used in a targeted way. Most
schemes that simply record city centres continually - often not being watched - do not produce results.
He described it as a 'lazy approach to crime prevention' and said that authorities should instead be
focusing on how to alter the environment to reduce crime.

But in reality, this is not what is happening. Instead, police are considering using more technology.
Police forces have recently begun experimenting with cameras in their helmets. The footage will be
stored on police computers, along with the footage from thousands of CCTV cameras and millions of
pictures from number plate recognition cameras used increasingly to check up on motorists.

Based on the text, the use of CCTV is ....

a. useful

b. disputed

c. aggravating

d. impractical

e. counterproductive

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1. A B C D E 11. A B C D E

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