Code No: R05412102

Set No. 1

IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2008 FLIGHT VE HICLE DESIGN (Aeronautical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. With respect to aircraft, explain the word role. Give details of aircraft of dierent roles and explain why you classify them that way. [16] 2. Draw the conceptual sketch of a typical ghter aircraft to be designed. What are the parameters you x at this stage? Explain very clearly using neat sketches. [16] 3. (a) Discuss the historical trend of t/c (thickness to chord ratio) versus Mach number for an aircraft. Draw the pertinent graphs. (b) Would you prefer a high t/c (thickness to chord ratio) or low t/c for a supersonic aircraft? (c) For M = 2, the historical trend indicates t/c (thickness to chord ratio) = 0.04. Discuss why it was used. What are the advantages and disadvantages of high t/c? 4. Is it possible to have a passenger aircraft with embedded engine (engine entirely encapsulated inside the fuselage? Give the advantages and disadvantages of such a design compared to a design with pylons and pods. How is the wing design aected in the case of a fuselage-embedded engine? [16] 5. Explain with the help of neat sketches, (a) Water lines (b) Butt - plane cuts (c) Flat wrap (d) Conic shape parameter [16]

6. (a) The thrust to weight ratio of an aircraft in steady and level ight is given as T/W = [q CD,0 / (W/S) + (W/S) (K/q)] Explain all the terms in the expression. (b) Based on this, derive the expressions for i. Velocity for minimum drag ii. Lift coecient (CL ) for minimum drag iii. and the corresponding minimum drag (c) How are these parameters, velocity, lift coecient (CL ), and minimum drag aected if the condition is minimum thrust? [2+12+2] 1 of 2

Code No: R05412102

Set No. 1

7. Draw three views of a two seater aircraft (seats arranged in tandem) with a piston engine, and neatly label the various components. Explain how the performance and stability characteristics of the aircraft are estimated. [16] 8. Discuss how the following factors aect the aerodynamic design of an aircraft: (a) Wing - fuselage integration (b) High lift devices. [8+8]

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Code No: R05412102

Set No. 2

IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2008 FLIGHT VE HICLE DESIGN (Aeronautical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. At the conceptual design phase of an aircraft, what do you understand by payload? Explain in detail, with all relevant data, how this aects the overall design of the aircraft. [16] 2. (a) Dene and explain - mission fuel, reserve fuel and trapped fuel. (b) Dene and explain - Mission segment weight fraction and total mission weight fraction. How are they related? (c) Dene specic fuel consumption for turbo jet engines and piston engines. [5+6+5] 3. (a) Given (L/D)cruise and take-o-thrust / Cruise thrust ratio, how do you estimate (T/W)Take-o? Explain. What assumptions do you make? (b) Compare Take-o thrust requirement versus cruise thrust requirement. Explain the dierences clearly. (c) Discuss trade-o between T/W and wing loading (W/S) while designing an aircraft. (d) Give the expression for T/Wclimb as a function of L/Dclimb and climb rate. [4+4+4+4] 4. (a) Describe the design procedure for fuselage with a cylindrical mid-section. (b) The fuselage is designed inside-out. Can you justify? (c) Discuss the importance of i. comfort ii. payload density in the design of a fuselage. (d) Write a short note on density of cargo. 5. Write short notes, with neat sketches, on (a) Compression lift in supersonic ight, (b) Aerodynamic xes on wings and fuselage, (c) Isobars on wings (d) Determination of wetted area 6. Explain with neat sketches, (a) Eect of wind on cruise and loiter 1 of 2 [4+4+4+4] [8+8]

Code No: R05412102 (b) Best angle for climb and best rate of climb (c) Normal load factor, n (d) Best values of L/D for cruise and loiter

Set No. 2
[4+4+4+4]

7. Draw three views of a supersonic jet ghter aircraft with a swept back wing and neatly label the various components. Explain how the performance and stability characteristics of the aircraft are estimated. [16] 8. (a) How does the empty weight aect the economy of a passenger or a cargo aircraft? (b) How does specic fuel consumption aect the economy of an aircraft? [8+8]

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Code No: R05412102

Set No. 3

IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2008 FLIGHT VE HICLE DESIGN (Aeronautical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. Explain in detail, the steps involved in an aircraft preliminary design process. [16] 2. (a) Dene exposed wing area, reference wing area, and wetted area of aircraft. Use neat sketches. Explain the signicance of each in the design of aircraft. (b) Derive the relationship between loiter time and loiter weight fraction (fuel weight fraction for loiter). [8+8] 3. (a) Why is (Tmax )cruise less than (Tmax )Take - o , where T is the thrust of the engine? Explain clearly. (b) Why does the ratio (Tmax )cruise / (Tmax )Take - o reduce with altitude? (c) Is Tcruise constant during the entire ight, increases or decreases with time? Explain. (d) What is meant by (Tmax )dry cruise ? [4+4+4+4]

4. Draw the sketch of a supersonic ghter aircraft. Determine the area at each cross section along the length of the aircraft. Show the cross-section area in a graphical form as a function of the length - wise location of the section. [16] 5. Describe the followings using schematic diagrams wherever required: (a) Seat pitch (b) Aisle width (c) Row abreast (d) Double-bubble fuselage cross-section (e) Fuselage reference line [16]

6. (a) Prove that in the case of a gliding ight, the lift - to - drag ratio is the inverse of the tangent of the glide angle. (b) Assuming the gliding angle to be small, derive the expression for sink rate of the aircraft. (c) Derive the expression for minimum sink rate. [4+6+6]

7. Draw three views of a two seater aircraft (seats arranged side by side) with a piston engine, and neatly label the various components. Explain how the performance and stability characteristics of the aircraft are estimated. [16]

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Code No: R05412102

Set No. 3

8. Detail out the considerations in the design of a passenger airplane with a cruise velocity of 350 km / hour, crew of 5 and 40 passengers, with 40 kg baggage each. Draw neat sketches and graphs in support of your answer. [16]

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Code No: R05412102

Set No. 4

IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2008 FLIGHT VE HICLE DESIGN (Aeronautical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. Describe how the existing aircraft may be classied into dierent types. Give examples for each and discuss why you classify them that way. [16] 2. What is meant by conceptual sketch? List out the major features of an airliner explaining how you have arrived at them. Explain very clearly using neat sketches. [16] 3. (a) Dene approach speed and touch-down speed. Also, express them in terms of stall speed Vstall . (b) Dene the landing distance for a civil general aviation aircraft, transport aircraft (airliner), and military aircraft as per FAR (Federal Aviation Regulations of US). (c) Derive the wing loading W/S, for a jet aircraft for cruise as a function of dynamic pressure and parasite drag coecient. (d) What is obstacle clearance distance? How does it depend on the type of aircraft? Explain. [4+4+4+4] 4. (a) What is spin? (b) Draw the sketches of various tail congurations that have been used to help the aircraft to recover from spin and explain how they are good for the job. [8+8] 5. Explain the term in - board prole. Explain, in detail, the procedure involved in the generation of an in - board prole of a passenger airliner. [16] 6. Determine the center-of-gravity location of an airplane given the following data: Wengine = 400 kg, Wpayload = 500 kg, Wbaggage = 60 kg, Xengine = 20 m, Xpayload = 10 m, Xbaggage = 15 m. Xs are distances measured from the nose of the fuselage. [16] 7. Describe the typical structures of a single engine propeller aircraft. [16]

8. Detail out the considerations in the design of a business airplane with a cruise velocity of 250 km / hour, crew of 3 and 6 passengers, with 30 kg baggage each. Draw neat sketches and graphs in support of your answer. [16]

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