GEOMETRY PATTERSON HIGH SCHOOL ALL UNITS

COURSE OUTLINE.

Core Learning Goal 2: The student will demonstrate the ability to solve
mathematical and real-world problems using measurement and
geometric models and will justify solutions and explain processes used.

Expectation 2.1: The student will represent and analyze two- and
three-dimensional figures using tools and technology when
appropriate.

Expectation 2.2: The student will apply geometric properties and

relationships to solve problems using tools and technology when
appropriate.

Expectation 2.3: The student will apply concepts of measurement

using tools and technology when appropriate.
Unit 1: Measurement
(CLG Indicators 2.1.1: The student will analyze the properties of geometric figures.
2.1.2: The student will identify and/or verify properties of geometric figures using
the coordinate plane and concepts from algebra.
2.1.4: The student will construct and/or draw and/or validate properties of
geometric figures using appropriate tools and technology.
2.3.1: The student will use algebraic and/or geometric properties to measure
indirectly.
2.3.2: The student will use techniques of measurement and will estimate,
calculate, and/or compare perimeter, circumference, area, volume, and/or
surface area of two- and three-dimensional figures and their parts.)

I. Dimension (CLG 2.1.1)

A. =number of distinct directions something is extended in
B. 0: point
C. 1: line, ray, line segment
D. 2: plane, square, any polygon
E. 3: space, cube, any real object you see

II. Naming (CLG 2.1.1)

A. Lines
B. Line segments
C. Rays
D. Angles
E. Planes

III. Distance (CLG 2.3.2)

A. Counting line segments
B. In body-based units (span, digit, palm)
C. Appropriate units and sizes (also CLG 2.1.4)
D. Using a ruler (inches, centimeters) ___________
E. Using the distance formula D = √(∆x)2+(∆y)2
(also CLGs 2.1.2 & 2.3.1)

IV. Perimeter (CLG 2.3.2)

A. Distance around = add up all side lengths
B. If equilateral n-gon with congruent sides of length s, P = n*s

V. Area (CLG 2.3.2)

A. Counting squares
B. For rectangles, A = l*w
VI. Volume (CLG 2.3.2)
A. Counting cubes
B. For rectangular prisms, V = l*w*h

VII. Converting Units: Dimensional Analysis (CLG 2.3.2)

A. Informal: in to cm (2.54)
B. Formal: any units, multiplying fractional forms of 1

VIII. Angle Measure (various CLGs—see below)

A. Measuring angles (line up the vertex and one side of angle)
(CLG 2.3.2)
B. Drawing angles (CLG 2.1.4)
C. Units are degrees (convenient) (CLG 2.3.2)
D. Acute/Obtuse/Right/Straight/Reflex (CLG 2.1.1)
E. Complementary and Supplementary Angles (CLG 2.1.1)
F. Congruent Angles (CLG 2.1.1)
Unit 2: Shape Relationships
(CLG Indicators 2.1.1: The student will analyze the properties of geometric figures.
2.1.2: The student will identify and/or verify properties of geometric figures using
the coordinate plane and concepts from algebra.
2.1.3: The student will use transformations to move figures, create designs,
and/or demonstrate geometric properties.
2.2.1: The student will identify and/or verify congruent and similar figures
and/or apply equality or proportionality of their corresponding parts.
2.2.2: The student will solve problems using two-dimensional figures and/or
right-triangle trigonometry.
2.3.1: The student will use algebraic and/or geometric properties to measure
indirectly.)

IX. Shape classification (CLG 2.1.1)

A. Triangles, by angle types
B. Triangles, by side lengths
C. Quadrilaterals
D. Regular vs. Irregular shapes
X. Transformations (CLG 2.1.3)
A. Classify as an isometry or not
B. Classify by type (Rotation, Reflection, Translation, Glide Reflection)
C. Draw the result of a transformation
D. Find lines of symmetry in figures
E. Classify shapes and patterns by type of symmetries
XI. Similar Triangles (CLG 2.2.1)
A. Congruent angles, Proportional sides
B. Find the scale factor and apply it
C. Decide whether pair of triangles is similar, using scale factor or
proportions
D. Use scale factor or proportions to find missing side lengths
(also CLGs 2.1.2 & 2.2.2)
E. Apply to real-world situations (also CLGs 2.1.2, 2.2.2, & 2.3.1)
 Shadows
 Mirrors
 Triangulation at sea
XII. Angle Relationships (CLGs 2.1.1 & 2.2.1)
A. Complementary/Supplementary/Vertical/Corresponding/Triang
ular
B. Use relationships to find missing angles in a figure
C. Apply these relationships to help prove triangles congruent (like by
SAS or ASA or AAS – see Unit 3)
Unit 3: Triangles and Proof
(CLG Indicators 2.1.2: The student will identify and/or verify properties of geometric figures using
the coordinate plane and concepts from algebra.
2.1.4: The student will construct and/or draw and/or validate properties of
geometric figures using appropriate tools and technology.
2.2.1: The student will identify and/or verify congruent and similar figures
and/or apply equality or proportionality of their corresponding parts.
2.2.2: The student will solve problems using two-dimensional figures and/or
right-triangle trigonometry.
2.2.3: The student will use inductive or deductive reasoning.
2.3.1: The student will use algebraic and/or geometric properties to measure
indirectly.)

XIII. Triangle Construction (CLG 2.1.4)

A. Tell if a triangle can be constructed
• Angles must add to 180°
• Triangle Inequality: sides a + b > c
B. Tell how many can be constructed (1, 2, or infinity)
C. Construct triangles from given information

XIV. Congruent Triangles (CLGs 2.2.1 & 2.2.3)

A. Prove triangles congruent using congruence postulates (SSS, ASA,
SAS, AAS)
B. Explain why AAA is not enough to prove congruence
C. Determine if enough information is available to prove congruence
D. Use congruence to find missing sides and angle measurements
(also CLG 2.2.2)

XV. Proofs (CLG 2.2.3)

A. Read and understand a paragraph proof
B. Read and understand a two-column (statements and reasons) proof
C. Supply missing reasons for statements in a two-column proof

XVI. Pythagorean Theorem (CLGs 2.1.2 & 2.2.2)

A. For right triangles only!
B. a2 + b2 = c2
C. Solve for missing hypotenuse
D. Solve for missing leg
E. Apply converse of the PT to determine if a triangle is right, acute,
or obtuse
F. In a 45-45-90 triangle, solve for two sides given one side length
G. In a 30-60-90 triangle, solve for two sides given one side length
XVII. Trigonometry (CLGs 2.1.2 & 2.2.2)
A. For right triangles
B. Use a trig table to find values of sine, cosine, tangent for an angle
C. Use a trig table to find angle given a sine, cosine, or tangent value
D. Apply the definition of sine, cosine, and tangent to find values
based on a given triangle—SOHCAHTOA
E. Solve for any side of a right triangle given one other side and an
angle
F. Solve for any angle in a right triangle with given sides
G. Draw diagrams of real-life situations (also CLG 2.1.4)
H. Find right triangles in diagrams of real-life situations, and
determine unknown distances and angles using trigonometry
(parts E and F) (also CLG 2.3.1)
Unit 4: Circles
(CLG Indicators 2.1.1: The student will analyze the properties of geometric figures.
2.1.2: The student will identify and/or verify properties of geometric figures using
the coordinate plane and concepts from algebra.
2.1.4: The student will construct and/or draw and/or validate properties of
geometric figures using appropriate tools and technology.
2.2.2: The student will solve problems using two-dimensional figures and/or
right-triangle trigonometry.
2.3.2: The student will use techniques of measurement and will estimate,
calculate, and/or compare perimeter, circumference, area, volume, and/or
surface area of two- and three-dimensional figures and their parts.)

XVIII. Circle Construction (CLG 2.1.4)

A. General use of a compass
B. Construction of parts of a circle/disk (i.e. vocab words)
C. How to make circles passing through one point
D. How to make circles passing through two points
E. How to make circle passing through three non-collinear points
XIX. Circle Measurement (CLG 2.3.2)
A. Measure the radius and/or diameter
B. Use of pi (π)
C. Calculate circle’s circumference
D. Calculate length of an arc
E. Calculate circle’s area
F. Calculate area of a sector
G. Calculate area of a segment
H. Comparison of circle’s circumference to polygon’s perimeter
XX. Circles, Arcs, and Angles (various CLGs—see below)
A. Identify central angles and inscribed angles (CLG 2.1.1)
B. Categorize angles based on vertex (at center, on circle, inside circle,
outside of circle) (CLG 2.1.1)
C. Arc sum of a circle is 360° (CLG 2.1.1)
D. Find missing arcs (CLGs 2.1.2 & 2.2.2)
E. Determine the measure of angles based on intercepted arcs
(CLGs 2.1.2 & 2.2.2)
F. Determine the measure of intercepted arcs based on angles
(CLGs 2.1.2 & 2.2.2)
Unit 5: Three Dimensions
(CLG Indicators 2.1.1: The student will analyze the properties of geometric figures.
2.1.2: The student will identify and/or verify properties of geometric figures using
the coordinate plane and concepts from algebra.
2.1.4: The student will construct and/or draw and/or validate properties of
geometric figures using appropriate tools and technology.
2.2.3: The student will use inductive or deductive reasoning.
2.3.2: The student will use techniques of measurement and will estimate,
calculate, and/or compare perimeter, circumference, area, volume, and/or
surface area of two- and three-dimensional figures and their parts.)

XXI. Nets and Polyhedra (various CLGs—see below)

A. Cut, fold, and tape a net to form a polyhedron (CLG 2.1.4)
B. Match a net to the polyhedron it forms (CLG 2.1.4)
C. Identify and count faces, edges, and vertices on polyhedra
(CLG 2.1.1)
D. Verify Euler’s Formula V – E + F = 2 (CLGs 2.1.1, 2.1.2, & 2.2.3)
E. Identify regular polyhedra (all faces are the same regular polygon)
(CLG 2.1.1)
XXII. Prisms (and Cylinders) (CLGs 2.1.1 & 2.3.2)
A. Identify prisms (two parallel, congruent bases)
B. Find volume V = B * h
C. Find surface area by adding up face areas
D. Cylinder surface area is S.A. = 2B + C*h where C is circumference
XXIII. Pyramids (and Cones) (CLGs 2.1.1 & 2.3.2)
A. Identify pyramids (one base; other faces meet at a point)
B. Find volume V = 1/3 * B * h
C. Find surface area by adding up face areas
XXIV. Spheres (CLGs 2.1.1 & 2.3.2)
A. Identify spheres (vs. cylinders, cones, etc.)
B. Find volume V = 4/3πr3
C. Find surface area S.A. = 4πr2
XXV. Other Shapes (CLG 2.3.2)
A. Find volume by counting cubes
B. Find surface area by counting squares
C. Find volume by splitting into pieces
 Vocabulary

Unit 1: Measurement
 Dimension  Parallel  Ruler
 Point  Intersecting  Protractor
 Line  Perpendicular  Acute Angle
 Plane  Skew  Obtuse Angle
 Space  Collinear  Right Angle
 Line Segment  Coplanar  Straight Angle
 Ray  Perimeter  Reflex Angle
 Angle  Polygon  Complementary
 Vertex  Area  Supplementary
 Congruent  Volume  Congruent
 Units (spans, palms, digits, inches, centimeters, feet, miles, yards, millimeters,
meters, kilometers, nanometers, light years, degrees)

Unit 2: Shape Relationships

 Acute Triangle  Pentagon  Proportion
 Obtuse Triangle  Equilateral  Parallel Lines
 Right Triangle  Equiangular  Corresponding
 Scalene  Regular Angles
Triangle  Transformation  Vertical Angles
 Isosceles  Reflection  Complementary
Triangle  Rotation Angles
 Equilateral  Translation  Supplementary
Triangle  Glide Reflection Angles
 Quadrilateral  Symmetry  Congruent
 Trapezoid  Isometry Angles
 Kite  Tiling  Acute Angle
 Parallelogram  Tessellation  Obtuse Angle
 Rhombus  Congruent  Right Angle
 Rectangle Triangles  Straight Angle
 Square  Similar  Reflex Angle
 Vertex
Unit 3: Triangles and Proof
 Theorem  45-45-90  Sine Inverse
 Proof triangle  Cosine Inverse
 Isosceles  30-60-90  Tangent Inverse
Triangle triangle  Angle of Elevation
 Base Angles  Pythagorean  Angle of
 Vertex Angle Theorem Depression
 Perpendicular  Hypotenuse  Stellar Parallax
 Bisect  Legs  Corresponding
 Perpendicular  Opposite Angles
Bisector  Adjacent  Vertical Angles
 Congruent  Sine  Complementary
Triangles  Cosine  Supplementary
 Right Triangle  Tangent

Unit 4: Circles
 Circle  Chord  Semicircular
 Center  Arc segment
 Disk  Sector  Circumference
 Diameter  Segment  Central Angle
 Radius  Semicircle  Inscribed Angle
 Tangent Line  Semicircular  Intercepted Arc
 Secant Line sector

Unit 5: Three Dimensions

 Net  Pyramid
 Polyhedron  Cylinder
 Face  Cone
 Edge  Sphere
 Vertex  Volume
 Prism  Surface Area
 Base(s)  Euler’s Formula
 Lateral Faces  Regular Polyhedron