Hyewon Lee M.S. Candidate Company LOGOWireless Networking Lab. Multimedia & Seoul National University
Contents
1 2 3 4
Concluding Remark
Cognitive Radio
Motivation: Spectrum Scarcity
Spectrum utility
Cognitive Radio
Cognition (Noun):
Cognition is the mental process involved in knowing, learning, and understanding things. - Collins Cobuild Dictionary
Cognitive Radio
Cognitive Radio is an intelligent wireless communication system that is aware of its surrounding environment and uses the methodology of understanding-by-building to learn from the environment and adapt its internal states to statistical variations in the incoming RF stimuli by making corresponding changes in certain operating parameters in real-time. - S. Haykin, Cognitive Radio, JSAC 2005
Cognitive Radio
Cognitive Radio
Cognitive radio is a paradigm for wireless communication in which either a network or a wireless node changes its transmission or reception parameters to communicate efficiently avoiding interference with licensed or unlicensed users. This alteration of parameters is based on the active monitoring of several factors in the external and internal radio environment, such as radio frequency spectrum, user behavior and network state.
Fixed Spectrum
Spectrum Trading
Open Spectrum
Terminology
Capability of cognitive radio
Full cognitive radio Every possible parameter observable is taken into account Spectrum sensing cognitive radio Only radio frequency band is taken into account
Cognitive Radio
Basic cognitive cycle
Estimation of interference temperature of the radio environment Detection of spectrum holes
Estimation of channel-state information Prediction of channel capacity for use by the transmitter
Cognitive Radio
Main functions
Spectrum sensing Detecting unused spectrum Spectrum management Capturing the best available spectrum Spectrum mobility Maintaining seamless communication during the spectrum transition Spectrum sharing Providing fair spectrum scheduling method
Ref.: Ian F. Akyildiz, et al., NeXt generation/dynamic spectrum access/cognitive radio wireless networks: A survey, ComNet 2006
Interference Temperature
Transmission power control
Transmitter-centric Receiver-centric
Interference temperature
Real-time interaction between transmitter and receiver in adaptive manner
Interference Temperature
Limitations of interference temperature model
Level of interference temperature limit Transmission power of secondary users Number of secondary users Coordination with primary network Interference level of primary users Location information of primary users FCC has not shown any progress since 2005
SDR
Software Defined Radio (SDR)
A technology that enables reconfigurable system for wireless networks. SDR builds up multimode, multiband wireless device.
Cognitive Networks
Cognitive Networks (DySpan 2005, MobiCom 2007)
A network with a cognitive process that Perceive current network conditions Plan, decide, and act on such conditions Learn and adapt for future decisions Takes into account end-to-end goals Comparison between Cognitive Networks and Cognitive Radios End-to-end vs. point-to-point
Cognitive Networks
Cognitive Network Framework
End-to-end End-to-end End-to-end Goal Goal Goal Cognitive Specification Language
Requirements Layer
Cognitive Cognitive Element Cognitive Element Element Software Adaptable Network API Network Status Sensors
Configurable Configurable Elements Elements
Cognitive Process
Cognitive Networks
Cognitive Specification Language
Translates end-to-end goal into local goals of cognitive elements
Cognitive Elements
Run algorithms that reason, learn, and plan Actuate configurable elements
Degree of Control
Full control vs. partial control Complexity
Concluding Remark
Challenges
Spectrum policy Spectrum sensing Spectrum sharing
Questions
Cognitive radio vs. AI Portion of spectrum sensing in cognitive radio
References
Ian F. Akyildiz, et al., NeXt generation/dynamic spectrum access/cognitive radio wireless networks: A survey, ComNet 2006 S. Haykin, Cognitive Radio, JSAC 2005 Online link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_radio Ryan W. Thomas, Cognitive Networks, DySPAN 2005 Ryan W. Thomas, et al., Tutorial: Cognitive Networks, MobiCom 2007
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