Code No: W0124/R07 II B.

Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov- 2010 FLUID MECHANICS (Civil Engineering) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

SET - 1

Max Marks: 80

1.

a) Determine the absolute and gauge pressures in chamber A as shown in Fig. 1, the gauge pressure being referred to atmospheric pressure of 1.02 105 N/m2.

Fig. 1 b) Define the term viscosity and explain the significance of the same. 2. a) The force due to water on a circular gate of 2m dia provided on the vertical surface of a water tank is 12376 N. Determine the level of water above the gate. Also determine the depth of the centre of pressure from the centre of the gate. b) Explain the importance of the study of fluid forces on surfaces and submerged bodies a) Define and distinguish between streamline, path line and streak line. b) Given that u = x2 y2 and v = 2xy, determine the stream function and potential function for the flow. A bend in pipeline conveying water gradually reduces from 60 cm to 30 cm diameter and deflects the flow through angle of 60. At the larger end the gage pressure is 1.75 kg/cm2. Determine the magnitude and direction of the force exerted on the bend, a) When there is no flow, b) When the flow is 876 litres per sec. a) Explain the characteristics of laminar and turbulent boundary layer. b) A overhead water tank is in the shape of a sphere of 12 m diameter and is supported by a 30 m tall tower of circular section of diameter 2m. Determine the moment at the base caused by the aerodynamic force due to cyclonic wind of speed 100 kmph. Assume density of air as 1.205 kg/m3 and kinematic viscosity as 15.06 106 m2/s. a) Derive an expression for the loss of head due to friction in pipes. b) What do you understand by turbulent flow? What factor decides the types of flow in pipes? 1 of 2

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Code No: W0124/R07 7.

SET - 1

A total of 12 litres per second of oil is pumped through two pipes in parallel, one 12 cm in diameter and the other 10 cm in diameter, both pipes being 1000 metres long. The specific gravity of the oil is 0.97 and the kinematic viscosity 9 cm2 per second Calculate the flow rate through each pipe and the horsepower of the pump. A venture meter having a diameter of 7.5 cm at the throat and 15 cm diameter at the enlarged end is installed in a horizontal pipeline 15 cm in diameter carrying an oil of specific gravity 0.9. The difference of pressure head between the enlarged end and the throat recorded by a U-tube is 17.5 cm of mercury. Determine the discharge through the pipe. Assume the coefficient of discharge of the meter as 0.97.

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Code No: W0124/R07 II B.Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov- 2010 FLUID MECHANICS (Civil Engineering) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1.

SET - 2

Max Marks: 80

a) Determine the pressure above the atmosphere at point 3 for the manometer and dimensions shown in Fig. 1

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Fig. 1 b) Distinguish between Newtonian and non -Newtonian Fluids. a) Determine the moment required to hold a circular gate of 4 m dia, in the vertical wall of a reservoir, if the gate is hinged at i) the mid diameter and ii) at the top. The top of the gate is 8 m from the water surface. b) Obtain simplified expressions for the centre of pressure of vertical planes. i) Plate, ii) Circle and iii) triangle. a) What is meant by one-dimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional flows ? b) Define the equation of continuity. Obtain an expression for continuity equation for three dimensional flows. The diameter of a pipe bend is 30 cm at inlet and 15 cm at outlet and the flow is turned through 1200 in a vertical plane. The axis at inlet is horizontal and the centre of the outlet section is 1.5 m below the centre of the inlet section. The total volume of fluid contained in the bend is 0.85 m3. Neglecting friction, calculate the magnitude and direction of the force exerted on the bend by water flowing through it at 225 litres per sec when the inlet pressure is 1.4 kg/cm2. 1 of 2

Code No: W0124/R07 5.

SET - 2

6.

a) What are the factors affecting the boundary layer thickness ? b) In a power plant located near the sea a chimney of 1.2 m diameter and 35 m height has been installed. During a cyclone the wind reaches velocity in the range of 60 kmph. Determine the moment at the base of the chimney. Derive an expression for mean velocity for laminar flow i) through a pipe; ii) between parallel plates. A pipeline of 0.6 m diameter is 1.5 km long. To augment the discharge, another pipeline of the same diameter is introduced parallel to the first in the second half of its length. Find the increase in discharge if f = 0.04 and head at the inlet is 30 m. A venture meter has its axis vertical, the inlet and throat diameters being 15 cm and 7.5 cm respectively. The throat is 22.5 cm above inlet and K = 0.96. Petrol of specific gravity 0.78 flows up through the meter at a rate of 0.029 m3/sec. Find the pressure difference in kg/cm2 between inlet and throat.

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Code No: W0124/R07 II B.Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov- 2010 FLUID MECHANICS (Civil Engineering) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1.

SET - 3

Max Marks: 80

a) In a U-tube shown in Fig. 1, open to atmosphere at both ends, a column of 0.9 m of water balances a column of 1.2 m of an unknown liquid. Determine the specific gravity of the unknown liquid.

Fig. 1 b) Define kinematic viscosity and explain the significance of the same. a) A tank contains mercury upto a height of 0.3 m over which water stands to a depth of 1 m and oil of specific gravity 0.8 stands to a depth of 0.5 m over water. For a width of 1 m determine the total pressure and also the point of action of the same. b) Explain the terms-total pressure and centre of pressure. a) What do you understand by vorticity? b) The velocity vector in a fluid flow is given by V= 2 x3i 5 x2yj + 4tk Find the velocity and acceleration of fluid particle at (1, 2, 3) at time, t = 1. 250 liters/s of water is flowing in a pipe having a diameter of 300 mm. If the pipe is bent by 135 (that is change from initial to final direction is 135), find the magnitude and direction of the resultant force on the bend. The pressure of water flowing is 39.24N/cm2. a) What do you understand by displacement thickness and momentum thickness ? b) Determine the friction drag on an airship 100 m long and 20 m diameter when it travels at 130 kmph. The condition of air is 25 C and 0.9 bar. 1 of 2

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Code No: W0124/R07

SET - 3

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a) Define shear velocity or friction velocity for turbulent flow in circular pipes. b) Describe Reynolds experiments to demonstrate the two types of flow. a) Derive an expression for the loss of head due to: i) Sudden enlargement and ii) Sudden contraction of a pipe. b) An oil of sp.gr. 0.9 and viscosity 0.06 poise is flowing through a pipe of diameter 200 mm at the rate of 60 liters/s. Find the head lost due to friction for a 500 m length of pipe. Find the power required to maintain this flow. 215 litres of gasoline (specific gravity 0.82) flow per second upwards in an inclined venture meter fitted to a 30 cm diameter pipe. The venture meter is inclined at 600 to the vertical and its 15 cm diameter throat is 1.2 m from the entrance along its length. Pressure gages inserted at entrance and throat show pressures of 1.44 kg/cm2 and 0.78 kg/cm2 respectively. Calculate the discharge coefficient of venture meter. If instead of pressure gages the entrance and the throat of the venture meter are connected to the two limbs of a U-tube mercury mono-meter determine its reading in cm of differential mercury column.

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Code No: W0124/R07 II B.Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov- 2010 FLUID MECHANICS (Civil Engineering) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

SET - 4

Max Marks: 80

1.

a) Determine the pressure at point X for the situation shown in Fig.1

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Fig. 1 b) Define density, specific volume, weight density and specific gravity. a) A spherical container of 6 m diameter is filled with oil of specific gravity 0.73. Determine the resultant force on one half of the sphere divided along the vertical plane. Also determine the direction of action of the force. b) Show that the centre of pressure of any lamina immersed under liquid is always below its centroid. a) Define and distinguish between i) steady and unsteady flow, ii) uniform and non-uniform flow and iii) rotational and irrotational flow. b) For the following stream functions, determine the potential function i) = (3/2) (x2 y2), ii) = 8xy and iii) = x y a) What is Eulers equation of motion? How will you obtain Bernoullis equation from it? b) A liquid of specific gravity 1.3 flows in a pipe at a rate of 800 l/s, from point 1 to point 2 which is 1 m above point 1.The diameters at section 1 and 2 are 0.6 m and 0.3 m respectively. If the pressure at section 1 is 10 bar, determine the pressure at section 2.

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Code No: W0124/R07 5.

SET - 4

a) Discuss the phenomenon of separation in a diverging flow. b) Find the difference in drag force exerted on a flat plate of size 2 m x 2 m when the plate is moving at a speed of 4 m/s normal to its plane in : i) water, ii) air of density 1.24 kg/m3. Co-efficient of drag is given as 1.15. a) Show that for laminar flow in circular pipes the friction factor is inversely proportional to the Reynolds number. b) Define and explain the terms: i) Hydraulic gradient line and ii) Total energy line The rate of flow of water through a horizontal pipe is 0.25 m3/s. The diameter of the pipe which is 200 mm is suddenly enlarged to 400 mm. the pressure intensity in the smaller pipe is 11.772 N/cm2. Determine: i) loss of head due to sudden enlargement, ii) pressure intensity in the large pipe, iii) power lost due to enlargement. A venture meter has its axis vertical, the inlet and throat diameters being 15 cm and 7.5 cm respectively. The throat is 22.5 cm above inlet and K =0.96. Petrol of specific gravity 0.78 flows up through the meter at a rate of 0.029 m3/sec. Find the pressure difference in kg/cm2 between inlet and throat.

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Code No: X0221 II B.Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov- 2010 MATHEMATICS - III (Com. to EEE, ECE, EIE, ETM, ECC) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks (m) cos m a) Prove that x m 1 cos ax dx = ? 0 am 2 2 3 x2 3 b) Prove that J 5 2 ( x ) = 2 sin x x cos x ? x x

SET - 1

Max Marks: 80

1.

-y cos x + sin x - e a) If f(z) = u + iv is an analytical function and u v = , find f(z) subject to y y 2 cos x e e the condition f ( ) = 0 ? 2 b) Find K such that f(x, y) = x3 + 3Kxy2 may be harmonic and find its conjugate?

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a) Determine the analytic function w = u + iv where u = b) Separate the real and imaginary parts of log sin z?

2 cos x cosh y given that f (0) = 1? cos 2 x + cosh 2 y

4.

Evaluate

2+i

z 2 dz along

i) The real axis to 2 and then vertically to (2 + i) ii) The imaginary axis to i and then horizontally to (2 + i)? 5. a) State and prove Laurents theorem? 7z 2 about z = -1? (z + 1) z (z 2) 2z + 1 a) Find the poles and residues at each pole of ? 1 z4 b) Evaluate sin z dz where c is z = by residue theorem? z cos z c b) Obtain all the Laurent series of the function a) Evaluate by residue theorem

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d ? 2 + cos

b) Use the method of contour integration to evaluate 8.

dx ? 3 + a2 a) Find the image of the region in the z-plane between the lines y = 0 and y =

x2

(x

under the

Transformation, = e z ? b) Find the bilinear transformation which transforms the points z = 2, 1, 0 into w = 1, 0, i respectively? 1 of 1

Code No: X0221 II B.Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov- 2010

SET - 2

MATHEMATICS - III (Com. to EEE, ECE, EIE, ETM, ECC)

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. a) Prove that Max Marks: 80

2.

2 b) Prove that J + 2( J + J 2 + J 32 + ...) = 1? x iy a) Show that u + iv = , where a 0 is not an analytic function of z whereas (u iv) is ( x iy + a) such a function? 2 2 d d b) If f(z) is an analytic function of z, show that ( dx f (z ) ) 2 + dy f ( z ) = f ( z ) ?

2 d sin 0 2 0

2 0 2 1

sin d = ?

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a) Define analyticity of a complex function at a point P and the domain D. Prove that the real and imaginary parts of an analytic function satisfy C-R equations? 2 b) If cosec + i = u + iv prove that u 2 + v 2 = 2 (u 2 v 2 ) ? 4

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a) State and prove Cauchys theorem? z dz where C is z + 1 = 2 ? b) Evaluate 2 z c z +1 a) Find the Taylors series expansion of sin z around z = ? 2 z+3 b) Expand f ( z ) = in powers of z where i ) 1 < z < 2 2 z ( z z 2)
a) Find the residue of i) b) Evaluate 2z 1

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ii ) z > 2 ?

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z 2 + 2z ( z + 1) 2 ( z 2 + 1)

ii) tan z at each pole?

z(2 z + 1) (z + 2) dz
c

where c is the circle z = 1 ?

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x sin mx dx using Residue theorem? x 4 + 16 b) Show that the polynomial z5 + z3 + 2z + 3 has just one zero in the first quadrant of the complex plane? Find the bilinear transformation which maps the points z = 1, i, -1 onto the points w = i, 0,-i. Hence find i) The image of z < 1

a) Evaluate

ii) Concentric circles z = r (r > 1) iii) The invariant points of this transformation 1 of 1

Code No: X0221 II B.Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov- 2010 MATHEMATICS - III (Com. to EEE, ECE, EIE, ETM, ECC) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. a) Prove that

SET - 3

Max Marks: 80

(cos bx ) =
2

b) Prove that [J 0 ( x )] 2.

1 n (n + 1) cos ? n 2 b 2 2 + 2[J 1 ( x )] + 2[J 2 ( x )] + . . . = 1 ?

1 n

d2 d2 2 2 2 + 2 Re al f ( z ) = 2 f ( z ) a) Prove that dy dx b) Show that the function u = 2 log (x2 + y2) is harmonic and find its harmonic conjugate?

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xy 2 ( x + iy ) , z0 a) Show that x 4 + y 4 is not analytic at z = 0, although CR equations are satisfied if z = 0 0, at the origin? 1 x y b) If ( x + iy ) 3 = a + ib , then prove that 4(a2 b2) = + ? a b
a) Evaluate

4.

2 +i

1i

( 2 x + iy + 1) dz along the straight line joining (1, -i) and (2, i)?

b) Find i) f (4)
2 2

4z 2 + z + 5 dz and c is the ellipse ii) f(i), f ( 1) and f (i ) where f ( ) = c z

x y + =1? 2 3 5. a) Represent the function f ( z ) = z by a series of positive and negative powers of ( z 1) ( z 3) (z - 1) which converges to f (z) when 0 ? b) Expand f ( z ) = convergence? 6. e iz and corresponding residues? z2 +1 z 3 dz where c is b) Evaluate 2 , by residue theorem? c z + 2z + 5 cos 2 a) Evaluate 2 dx using residue theorem? 0 a + 1 2a cos b) State and prove fundamental theorem of algebra? a) Find the image of the rectangle R: < x < , 1 < y < 1 under the transformation w = sin z? 2 b) Find the bilinear transformation that maps the points 0, 1, i in z-plane onto the points 1 + i, i, (2 i) in the w-plane? 1 of 1 a) Find the poles of e 2z about z =1 as a Laurents series. Also find the region of ( z 1) 3

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Code No: X0221 II B.Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov- 2010 MATHEMATICS - III (Com. to EEE, ECE, EIE, ETM, ECC) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. a) Prove that (n, n) =

SET - 4

Max Marks: 80

( n)
2
1
1

2 n 1

(n + 1 ) 2

b) Show that if m < n; x m p n ( x ) dx = 0 2. a) If the condition is an analytical function and u v = ?

cos x + sin x e y , find f(z) subject to 2 cos x e y e y

d2 d2 2 2 b) Prove that 2 + 2 Re al f ( z ) = 2 f ( z ) dx dy
3. a) Determine the analytic function w = u + iv, where u = b) Separate the real and imaginary parts of log sin z? 4. a) Evaluate

2 cos x cosh y given that f (0) = 1 cos 2 x + cosh 2 y

2 +i

1i

( 2 x + iy + 1) dz along the straight line joining (1, -i) and (2, i)?

ez b) Evaluate dz 3 1 c z( z ) if i) 0 lies inside c and 1 lies outside c iii) both lie inside c? 5.

ii) 1 lies inside c and 0 lies outside c

a) Find the Maclaurins series expansion of i) f(z) = cos az and ii) f(z) = cos hz? 1 b) Expand 2 in the region ? z 3z + 2 a) State and Prove Residue Theorem? cot h z dz where C is b) Evaluate c z i a) Evaluate

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sin x dx by using contour integration? x + 4 x + 5 b) State and prove Liouvilles theorem?

8.

a) Show that the image of the hyperbola ? Show that the transformation = 4u + 3 = 0? 1 of 1

under the transformation =

1 is z

2z + 3 changes the circle z4

into the straight line

Code No: X0325/R07 II B.Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov- 2010 METALLURGY AND MATERIAL SCIENCE (Com. to ME, AME, MM) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. a) Explain the effect of grain size on mechanical properties of steels? b) State Hume Rotherys rules for the formation of solid solution?

SET - 1

Max Marks: 80

2.

Draw a neat sketch of Fe-Fe3C equilibrium diagram. Label all the phase and invariant reactions. Explain the micro structural changes that occur on cooling of hypo eutectoid steel from liquid region to room temperature? The following data apply to the binary system of A and B: Melting point of pure A = 10500C, Melting point of pure B = 19000C. At 12500C, the -solid solution (containing 50% of B), the -solid solution (containing 80% of B) and liquid (containing 30% of B) are in three phase equilibrium. At room temperature, the maximum solubility of B in the -phase is 30% and the maximum solubility of A in the -phase is 10%. i) Sketch the phase diagram of A and B ii) Name the reaction that takes place at 12500C iii) What are the weight fractions of the phases present in a material of overall composition 75% B, at 12510C and 12490C temperatures. a) Draw the following planes and directions in a FCC structure i) (111), (123), (100) and (101) ii) [111], [122], [101] and [110] b) Define allotropy? Draw the cooling curve of pure iron. a) Explain different methods of grain size measurement? b) Give the composition, structure, properties and applications of white cast irons? a) Classify composite materials and give the applications of metal-matrix composites? b) Explain the properties and applications of aluminum and its alloys? a) Draw a neat sketch of TTT diagram of eutectoid steels and describe its salient features? b) Define hardenability and describe the determination of hardenability of steels using Jominey end quench test? a) Define tempering and explain the stages of tempering? b) Briefly describe the properties and applications of nano-materials? 1 of 1

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Code No: X0325/R07 II B.Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov- 2010 METALLURGY AND MATERIAL SCIENCE (Com. to ME, AME, MM) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1.

SET - 2

Max Marks: 80

a) Classify different methods of determination of grain size and explain the by grain size measurement by comparison method? b) Define solid solution and explain the Hume Rotherys rules for the formation of solid solution? a) Define allotropy? What are the different allotropic forms of iron? b) Draw the cooling curve of pure iron? State its importance. c) Explain eutectic, eutectoid and peritectic transformations with examples? a) Draw a neat sketch of Cu-Ni equilibrium diagram and explain its features? b) Give the composition, structure and applications of Grey cast irons? a) Explain the effect of austenitic stabilizers and ferritic stabilizers on Fe-Fe3C system? b) Define tempering? Describe different stages of tempering? a) Differentiate annealing and normalizing treatments? b) Explain Nitriding of steels? State the advantages and disadvantages of Nitriding treatment over carburizing treatment a) What are structural ceramics? Give the applications of structural ceramics? b) Compare the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of ceramics with those of metals? a) Define brass and bronze by giving their important properties? b) Explain the properties and engineering applications of plain carbon steels? Write short notes on : a) Metal-Matrix composites b) Necessity of alloying

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Code No: X0325/R07 II B.Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov- 2010 METALLURGY AND MATERIAL SCIENCE (Com. to ME, AME, MM) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. a) Define space lattice? Sketch all the bravais lattices. b) Explain the effect of grain size on the properties of metals and alloys? a) Describe different types of solid solutions with necessary sketches? b) Draw the following planes and directions in a FCC structure: i) (121), (010), (100) and (001) ii) [101], [121], [101] and [100]

SET - 3

Max Marks: 80

2.

3.

Draw a neat sketch of Fe-Fe3C equilibrium diagram. Label all the phase and invariant reactions. Explain the micro-structural changes that occur on cooling of hyper eutectoid steel from liquid region to room temperature? a) For a 99.65 wt% Fe 0.35 wt% C alloy at temperature just below the eutectoid, determine the fraction of proeutectoid ferrite, pearlite and eutectoid ferrite. b) Describe the effect of alloying elements on eutectoid transformation in steels? a) Explain the differences in the microstructures and properties of white and grey cast irons? b) Describe the important properties and applications of tool steels? a) Define composite material? Classify the metal-matrix composites based on the type of reinforcement? Give their important applications. b) What are cermets? Give their applications? a) Describe the salient features of TTT diagram of eutectoid steel with a neat sketch/ b) Give a typical heat treatment cycle for duralumin and explain the relevant microstructural changes? Write short notes on: a) C-C Composites b) Age hardening treatment

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Code No: X0325/R07 II B.Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov- 2010 METALLURGY AND MATERIAL SCIENCE (Com. to ME, AME, MM) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. a) Describe different methods of determination of grain size? b) Describe the properties of metallic bonds?

SET - 4

Max Marks: 80

2.

a) Explain the conditions that are favourable for extensive solid solubility of one element in another? b) Describe the importance of alloying? a) Define an invariant reaction? Explain the salient features of the invariant reactions that occur in Fe-Fe3C system? b) Draw a neat sketch of Bi-Cd phase diagram. Label all the points, lines and areas. a) Give the composition, microstructure, properties and applications of malleable cast irons? b) Classify plain carbon steels and give their important applications? a) Explain the effect of alloying elements on Fe-Fe3C system? b) Classify different surface hardening methods? Explain the merits and demerits of nitriding over carburizing? a) Explain the strengthening of alpha-beta titanium alloys? b) Give the properties and applications of copper and its alloys? a) What are abrasive materials? Give their properties and applications? b) Describe any two methods of manufacturing composite materials? Write short notes on: a) Cermets b) Nano-materials

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Code No: X0526/R07 II B.Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov- 2010 UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING (Com. to CSE, IT) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

SET - 1

Max Marks: 80

1.

a) With a neat diagram, briefly describe the structure of UNIX operating system. b) Describe about the features of UNIX operating system. What is vi editor? What are the available modes? With an example, describe in detail about the switches for moving the cursor, inserting and deleting text, cutting and pasting the text, searching the text, to display the line number and saving the file. a) With an example and syntax, briefly describe unlink, ulimit, umask and diff commands. b) Write a shell program to count the number of word and lines in a text file. What is egrep? In what way it is different from fgrep? With an example and options, describe the additional functions / operations supported by egrep, when compared with grep and fgrep? a) Write an awk script to print the even-numbered lines in the data file. b) What is an escape sequence? With an example awk script, describe the usage of escape sequences in array assignments. a) What is name completion? With an example, describe the process file name completion in ksh? b) Does ksh support command completion? Is completion programmable? c) Is korn shell line editor can be used for other commands? a) Briefly describe the features of c shell. b) What is an environment? What is an environment variable? With an example, briefly describe c shell environment variables. With an example, syntax and options describe the following: i) symlink ii) lstat iii) opendir iv) mkdir

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Code No: X0526/R07 II B.Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov- 2010 UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING (Com. to CSE, IT) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

SET - 2

Max Marks: 80

1.

a) Is UNIX operating system multitasking or multithreading? Justify your answer. b) What is a kernel? Briefly describe UNIX kernel. a) What is a file? With examples and syntax, briefly describe any five file handling utilities. b) List and describe the UNIX redirection operators a) What is shell Command Substitution? With an example, describe variable substitution. b) What is a filter? Briefly describe, with syntax and options, fgrep and tr commands. a) What is egrep? With an example, describe in detail about the purpose of using -a, -A,-b, B, -c, -C, -d, -D options. b) Briefly describe the applications of sed command in UNIX environment. a) With an example awk script, describe the usage of conditional expressions. b) Write an awk script to print seven random numbers from 0 to 100. a) Describe the procedure to get separate history files for korn shell? b) What is key binding? How is key binding done in korn shell? c) What is the difference between ((expr)) and $((expr))? a) With an example script, briefly describe the c shell command execution script. b) Describe the process of customizing C Shell environment. With an example, syntax and options describe the following: i) open ii) rmdir iii) umask iv) fstat

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Code No: X0526/R07 II B.Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov- 2010 UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING (Com. to CSE, IT) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1.

SET - 3

Max Marks: 80

a) With syntax and options, briefly describe the user command required to change and print terminal line settings. b) With syntax and options, briefly describe the BSD command used to make typescript of terminal session. a) With an example and syntax, briefly describe grep, cut, paste and sort commands. b) List and describe the UNIX redirection operators a) With an example, briefly describe the process of creating and running a script. b) What is a shell variable? Briefly describe the purpose of using #, *, @, ?, ! variables. a) What is grep? With an example and syntax, describe in detail to perform matching of multiple patters in a string. b) Briefly describe any six operations that can be performed using sed. a) With a sample script, describe an executable awk script by utilizing dynamic variables. b) Write an awk script to print every line that is longer than 80 characters. a) What is the purpose of $'...'? b) Describe the purpose of using -n option in korn shell? c) Why are both `...` and $(...) used for command substitution? a) What is Job control? With an example, briefly describe the purpose of using bg, fg and % during job control process. b) What is an environment? What is an environment variable? Briefly describe c shell environment variables. With an example, syntax and options describe the following: i) stat ii) write iii) unlink iv) chmod 1 of 1

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Code No: X0526/R07 II B.Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov- 2010 UNIX AND SHELL PROGRAMMING (Com. to CSE, IT) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

SET - 4

Max Marks: 80

1.

a) With syntax and options, briefly describe the user command used to format and print data. b) With syntax and options, briefly describe the user command used to dump files in octal and other formats. a) Briefly describe UNIX backup utility commands. b) What is a shell? Write a shell program to print all system error messages using perror(). a) What is a shell program? Briefly describe available types of shell variables. b) Briefly describe shell command substitution and command execution. a) What is sed? Describe in detail about sed addresses, sed address range and substitution. b) Describe the purpose of using the ^, *, $ and . (dot) special characters with sed. a) Is awk his a free-form scripting language? With an example awk script, describe the basic structure of awk, and describe step by step process of awk script execution. b) Write an awk script to print the length of the longest input line. a) What is the difference between * and @? b) Why do use spaces around { and } but not around ( and )? c) How can a write a ksh script that responds directly to each character so that you user just has to enter y, not y<return>? a) With an example script, briefly describe the process of changing Positional Parameters. b) With an example, briefly describe the process and purpose of Argument Validation? With an example, syntax and options describe the following: i) create ii) lseek iii) link iv) chown 1 of 1

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Code No: W0823/R07

Set No. 1

II B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS (Chemical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) A Saturated solution of Salicylic acid (Molecular weight: 138) in methanol contains 64 kg of salicylic acid per 100 kg methanol. Find the weight % and mole% composition of the solution (b) Write about the various hydrometers used in chemical industries to measure specic gravity of a solution [8+8] 2. (a) In the manufacture of HNO3 initially NH3 and air are mixed at 0.709 Mpa and 9230 K. The composition of the gas mixture is as follows. N2 =70.5%, O2 = 18.8%, H2 O = 1.2% and NH3 = 9.5% If the gas obeys ideal gas law, nd the density and specic gravity of the gas mixture. (b) Write short notes on dissociating with suitable examples 3. (a) Discuss briey about equal temperature plots [10+6] [10+6]

(b) Write short notes on eect of temperature and pressure on vapor pressure of substances 4. (a) A mixture of ethyl alcohol vapor in carbondioxide has a mole fraction ethyl alcohol of 0.1, when the total pressure is 140 kN/m2 . What is the dew point? (The vapor pressure of methyl alcohol may be expressed by the Antoine equation with A = 8.04494, B = 1554.3 and C = 222.65 with pressure in mm Hg and temperature in 0 C.) (b) Dene relative saturation and percentage saturation. Give the equation to nd them. How are they related? [8+8] 5. In the common process for the production of nitric acid sodium nitrate is treated with 95% H2 SO4 . In order that the resulting ?niter cake? may be uid, it is desirable to use excess acid, so that nal cake contains 34% sulfuric acid. It may be assumed that the cake will contain 1.5% water and that the reaction will go to completion. 2% of HNO3 formed will remain in the cake. (a) Calculate the composition of niter cake by weight %, formed per 100 kg of sodium nitrate charged. (b) Calculate the weight of sulfuric acid to be used. (c) Calculate the weight of HNO3 and water vapor distilled from the niter cake. [16]

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Code No: W0823/R07

Set No. 1

6. (a) A solution of sodium chloride in water is saturated at a temperature of 150 C. Calculate the weight of NaCl that can be dissolved by 100 kg of this solution if it is heated to 650 C. (b) Dene the following terms: Solute Dissolution Solubility Crystallisation 7. (a) Write Troutons rule (b) Write Kopps rule (c) Write Kistyakowsky equation for non polar liquids (d) Write the empirical equation relating heat of vaporization and temperature [4+4+4+4] 8. Natural gas with a caloric value of 34.5 MJ/m3 (N.T.P.) is used as a fuel for the production of 50 tons per day of alumina in a roasting furnace. The heat losses to the surrounding may be taken as 6% of the total heat input. The temperature of the reaction zone is 1200 0 C and the feed is at 25 0 C. Heat of formation at 298 0 K is as follows: Al(OH)3 = -1242 MJ / kmol ; Al2 O3 = -1675 MJ/ kmol; H2 O = -241.5 MJ / kmol Specic heats in KJ /kg 0 K are Reaction mixture (250 C) = 0.89 Al2 O3 (1200 0 C)= 1.33 H2 O = 2.12 Calculate the amount of natural gas consumed in the furnace per day. [16] [16]

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Code No: W0823/R07

Set No. 2

II B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS (Chemical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. In the Leblanc soda process the rst step is carried out according to the following reaction 2NaCl + H2 SO4 NaCl + NaHSO4 +HCl The acid contains 80% H2 SO4 . It is supposed to be supplied 5% excess of this acid, compared to the theoretically required. Calculate: (a) The weight of acid supplied per 1000 Kg salt charged. (b) The weights of HCl and water removed per 1000 Kg of salt charged, assuming that the reaction goes to completion and 90% of the acid (HCl) formed and 25% of water present are removed. [16] 2. A volume of moist air of 1000 cubic meters at a total pressure of 750 mmHg and a temperature of 400 C contains water vapor in such proportions that its partial pressure is 25 mmHg. Without the total pressure being changed, the temperature is reduced to 100 C and some of the water vapor removed by condensation. After cooling it is found that the partial pressure of water vapor is 10 mmHg. Using partial pressure method, calculate: (a) The volume of gas after cooling and (b) The weight of water removed [16]

3. (a) State and explain Raoults law. Discuss under which conditions this law valid. (b) Write short notes on estimation of critical properties, it should include the equations [6+10] 4. A mixture of nitrogen and methyl alcohol at a total pressure of 100 kPa and a temperature of 200 C has an absolute saturationof 0.7. Determine (a) Relative saturation (b) Molal saturation (c) Mole fraction methyl alcohol. [16]

5. (a) A water soaked fabric is dried from 44% moisture to nal moisture of 9%. Calculate the weight of water removed per 200 kg of dried fabric. (b) A tank of weak H2 SO4 contains 12.43% acid. If 200 kg of 77.7% H2 SO4 are added to the tank and the nal acid is 18.63%, how many kg of weak acid have been made-up? [8+8] 1 of 2

Code No: W0823/R07

Set No. 2

6. (a) A solution of sodium chloride in water is saturated at a temperature of 150 C. Calculate the weight of NaCl that can be dissolved by 100 kg of this solution if it is heated to 650 C. (b) Dene the following terms: Solute Dissolution Solubility Crystallisation 7. (a) What is Kopps rule (b) Dene heat capacity, specic heat, enthalpy (c) Write a note on heat capacities of liquids and gases . [4+6+6] [16]

8. The Orsat analysis of the ue gases from a boiler house chimney gives carbon di oxide = 11.4% ; Oxygen = 4.2% ; and nitrogen = 84.4% (mole%). Assuming that complete combustion has taken place, (a) Calculate the % excess air, and (b) nd the C:H ratio in the fuel. [16]

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Code No: W0823/R07

Set No. 3

II B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS (Chemical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) In the decomposition of KClO3 : 2 KClO3 2KCl+3O2 i. Calculate the amount of oxygen that evolves on decomposition of 12.9% gm of KClO3 ii. Calculate the amount of KClO3 for evolution of 5 gm of oxygen (b) A solution of caustic soda in water contains 20% NaOH by weight. The density of the solution is 1.196 kg/l, nd the molarity and molality [8+8] 2. (a) A gas mixture contains 0.274 gm-mole of HCl, 0.337 gm-mole of N2 and 0.089 gm-mole of O2 . Calculate the volume occupied by the mixture, density and partial pressure of each component at a pressure of 2.7 atm and a temperature of 30o C. (b) Explain any equation of state [12+4]

3. The following data in the vapour pressure data for water vapour. Determine the latent heat of vaporization at normal boiling point. [16] Temperature(0 F ) Pressure (inches of Hg) 10 0.07091 40 0.2478 80 120 160 1.0321 3.4458 9.652 210 28.755 212 29.922

4. (a) What is saturated gas? Give an equation to give pure component volume of the vapor in a saturated gas. (b) A mixture of acetone vapor and nitrogen contains 14.8% acetone by volume. Calculate the relative saturation and the percentage saturation of the mixture at a temperature of 200 C and a pressure of 745 mm Hg. Vapor pressure of acetone at 200 C is 184.8 mm Hg. [8+8] 5. (a) 500 kg/hr of pure sulfur is burnt with 20% excess air (based on S to SO2 ) 5% S is oxidized to SO3 and rest to SO2 . Find the exit gas analysis. (b) A gas containing 80% ethane and 20% oxygen is burnt with 200% excess air. 80% ethane goes to CO2 ; 10% to CO2 ; and 10% remains unburnt. Calculate the stack gas composition. [8+8] 6. Methanol is produced by the reaction of CO with H2 according to the equation . CO + 2H2 CH3 OH Only 15% of the CO entering the reactor is converted to methanol. The methanol product is condensed and separated from the un-reacted gases, which are recycled. The feed to the reactor contains 2 mole of H2 for every mole of CO. The fresh feed enters at 350 C and 300 atm. To produce 6,600 kg/hr of methanol calculate 1 of 2

Code No: W0823/R07 (a) Volume of fresh feed gas and (b) The recycle ratio. 7. (a) Explain heat of fusion and heat of vaporization (b) Explain heat of transition and internal energy 8. Write short notes on (a) Standard heat of reaction (b) Standard heat of formation.

Set No. 3
[16]

[8+8]

[8+8]

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Code No: W0823/R07

Set No. 4

II B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS (Chemical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. If 5 kg of methanol and 2 kg of ammonia are reacted to form mono ethyl amine by the reaction: CH3 OH + N H3 CH3 NH2 + H2 O (a) Which is the limiting reactant? (b) What is the percent excess of other reactant? (c) Find the degree of completion? (d) If the conversion is 90% nd the composition of product stream? [16]

2. (a) A gas mixture contains 0.1234 kg-mole of HCl ,0.153Kg-mole of nitrogen, and 0.04037 Kg-mole of oxygen .Calculate its density in kg/m3 at a pressure of 1.72 atm and a temperature of 400 C (b) State and prove law of Amagat [8+8]

3. (a) State and explain Raoults law. Discuss under which conditions this law valid. (b) Write short notes on estimation of critical properties, it should include the equations [6+10] 4. Acetone is used as a solvent in a certain process. Recovery of the acetone is accomplished by evaporation in to a stream of N2 followed by cooling and compression of the nal gas mixture. In the solvent recovery unit 5000 kg of acetone are removed per hour. The N2 is admitted at 380 C and 750 mm Hg. Partial pressure of acetone in incoming nitrogen is 10 mm Hg. The nitrogen leaves at 29.40 C, 740 mm Hg and 85% saturation. (a) How many m3 of incoming gas must be admitted per hour to obtain the required rate of evaporation of the acetone? (b) How many m3 of gases leave the unit per hour? (Molecular weight of Acetone [16] (CH3 )2 CO is 58. Vapor pressure of acetone at 29.40 C is 287 mm Hg) 5. In the manufacture of H2 SO4 by contact process, iron pyrites are burnt in dry air. Iron is oxidized to Fe2 O3 . SO2 formed is further oxidized to SO3 by passing the gases mixed with air over hot catalyst. Air supplied is 40% in excess of the sulfur actually burnt to SO3 . Of the pyrites charged 15% is lost in grate and not burnt. Calculate the following: (a) Weight of air to be used /100 kg of pyrite charged. 1 of 2

Code No: W0823/R07

Set No. 4

(b) In the burner 40% of S burnt is converted to SO3 . Calculate the composition (by weight %) of gases leaving I unit. (c) The catalyst converts 96% of SO2 to SO3 . Calculate the weight of SO3 formed. (d) Calculate the composition (by weight %) of gases leaving the II unit. (e) Calculate the overall degree of completion of sulfur to SO3 . [16]

6. (a) A solution of sodium chloride in water is saturated at a temperature of 150 C. Calculate the weight of NaCl that can be dissolved by 100 kg of this solution if it is heated to 650 C. (b) Dene the following terms: Solute Dissolution Solubility Crystallisation 7. (a) Explain heat of fusion and heat of vaporization (b) Explain heat of transition and internal energy [8+8] [16]

8. Carbon monoxide at 100 0 C is burnt under atmospheric condition with dry air at 500 0 C in 90% excess of that theoretically required. The products of combustion leave the reaction chamber at 950 0 C. Assuming complete combustion calculate the heat evolved in the reaction chamber in kcal/gm mol of CO burnt. The heat of combustion of carbon monoxide is 67640 kcal/per kg mol. The following average values of specic heats in kcal per kg mole. CO = 7.00; Air = 7.25; CO2 = 11.80; O2 , N2 = 7.5. [16]

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Code No: W1123/R07

Set No. 1

II B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 BIOELECTRICITY AND ELECTRODES (Bio-Medical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. What is excited semiperineable membrane . what are the dierent types of transdcess used for recording biopotentials? [16] 2. What is refractory period and explain absolute and relative refractory periods. [16] 3. Describe the electric properties of receptors and explain how they help in transmission of message. [16] 4. Enumerate the electrical activity of the heart with the help of Einthovens triangle. [16] 5. Explain the classication and characteristics of bio potential electrodes with the help of required waveforms and block diagrams. [16] 6. (a) Write a short note on various types of electrodes used to extract bio-signals? (b) What are physiotherapy instruments? [8+8]

7. Explain the electrical activity of skeletal muscles? Discuss the needle electrodes. [16] 8. Discuss the dierent waves and rhythms in Electroencephalogram. Explain. [16]

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Code No: W1123/R07

Set No. 2

II B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 BIOELECTRICITY AND ELECTRODES (Bio-Medical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. Describe the basic concepts of electro cardiography what is normal semi-permeable membrance? [16] 2. What is refractory period and explain absolute and relative refractory periods. [16] 3. Write notes on. (a) Structure of neuron. (b) Electrical transmission of impulse. 4. Show diagramtically the characteristics of action potentials at the following: (a) SA Node (b) Atria (c) AV Node (d) Ventricle (e) Purkinjee ber [4+3+3+3+3] [8+8]

5. With the help of circuit diagrams and properties, explain bio potential electrodes. [16] 6. (a) Explain as to how and what type of electrodes are used for surgery. (b) Giving proper examples, explain physiotherapy and analytical instruments. [8+8] 7. Explain the electrical activity of skeletal muscles? Discuss the needle electrodes. [16] 8. What are the forward and inverse problems of bio-electric phenomenon? Discuss. [16]

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Code No: W1123/R07

Set No. 3

II B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 BIOELECTRICITY AND ELECTRODES (Bio-Medical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. Illustate the Physiological eects due to magnetic elds while recording bio-potents mention the safety codes for electro medica equipments [16] 2. Write short notes on (a) Na+ K + pump. (b) Transmembrane potential . (c) Resting potential in Squid axon. 3. Write short notes on (a) a) Soup theory (Chemical transmission of impulse) . (b) Electric properties of synapse. [8+8] [6+5+5]

4. Explain the characteristics of action potentials of various chambers of heart? [16] 5. (a) Drawing their equivalent circuits, neatly explain the properties of needle electrode and microelectrode? (b) Give two applications of above two electrodes. [10+6]

6. Enumerate bio-potential electrodes with neat circuit diagrams? Give their applications in medical eld? [16] 7. (a) What do you mean by the process of neuromuscular transmission. Explain. (b) Draw and explain the EMG waveform. [8+8]

8. What are various rhythms in EEG waveforms? How does REM aect the EEG signals? Discuss the clinical utility of EEG in early detection of Epilepsy? [16]

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Code No: W1123/R07

Set No. 4

II B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 BIOELECTRICITY AND ELECTRODES (Bio-Medical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. Describe the basic concepts of electro cardiography what is normal semi-permeable membrance? [16] 2. What is all or none principle? Explain how action potentials are recorded. [16]

3. Describe the membrane composition and properties. Add a note on current voltage relations. [16] 4. (a) Explain regarding the standard leads of Einthoven? (b) What is the relationship between extremity leads and standard bipolar leads? [8+8] 5. (a) Draw the equivalent circuits and explain the circuit properties of needle and micro Electrodes? (b) Mention the important characteristics of above two electrodes? 6. Write a note on Physiotherapy instruments. [10+6] [16]

7. Explain the electrical activity of skeletal muscles? Discuss the surface electrodes used for EMG? [16] 8. (a) Explain the placement of electrodes used in the measurement of EEG? (b) Specify dierent EEG rhythms? Dene REM. [8+8]

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Code No: W2325/R07 II B.Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov- 2010 MICROBIOLOGY (Bio-Technology) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

SET - 1

Max Marks: 80

1.

a) Describe various milestones in the field of microbiology. b) Discuss theory of spontaneous generation. Discuss general characteristics of bacteria, differentiate between Archaea and Eubacteria. Give an account of application of viruses in Biotech industries. Elucidate the process of viral replication for animal viruses. Discuss the method for isolation and identification of viruses from clinical specimen. Discuss the methodology for cultivation of anaerobes and also mention how it is different from aerobes. Give an account of various methods used for preservation of microbes with their respective advantages and limitations. Give an overview of disease causing bacteria for human.

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Code No: W2325/R07 II B.Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov- 2010 MICROBIOLOGY (Bio-Technology) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. 2. 3. Elucidate the scope and relevance of microbiology in our daily life. Give an overview of major characteristics used in taxonomy of bacteria.

SET - 2

Max Marks: 80

Discuss the characteristics used for classification of viruses, describe bacterial, plant and animal viruses. Discuss replication of RNA viruses and also mention the differences between the replication of plus strand RNA viruses. Give an overview of cultivation and propagation of viruses. Give an overview of various pure culture methods for isolation of microbes. Discuss the role of various environmental factors on the growth of microbes. Discuss identification methods and pathogenecity of Hepatitis B infection.

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Code No: W2325/R07 II B.Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov- 2010 MICROBIOLOGY (Bio-Technology) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. 2.

SET - 3

Max Marks: 80

Define microbiodiversity, also mention various theories for discovery of microorganisms. Enumerate various groups of microorganisms based on the classification of Woese et al and Whittaker. Give an overview of structural diversity and properties of viruses. Give an overview of replication of double stranded DNA viruses with example. Give an insight into cultivation of plant and animal viruses. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of various pure culture techniques for isolation of microorganisms. Write notes on i) Simple staining ii) Differential staining iii) Flageller staining iv) Spore staining

3. 4. 5. 6.

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8. Give the molecular basis of pathogenesity of Mycobacterium sps. For leprosy and tuberculosis.

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Code No: W2325/R07 II B.Tech I Semester (R07) Regular Examinations, Nov- 2010 MICROBIOLOGY (Bio-Technology) Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. Write Notes on a) Melting Curve b) B DNA Discuss DNA replication process of single stranded phases. Discuss how chromatin replication takes in higher organisms. Give an overview of transcription apparatus. Describe rRNA processing in eukaryotes& compare it with prokaryotes. Give general features of genetic code. a. Give an overview of wobble hypothesis. b. Compare eukaryotic and prokaryotic protein synthesis. Discuss major DNA repair systems in detail.

SET - 4

Max Marks: 80

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