jynfpHkaumif;rGefaom
pD;yGm;a&;0ef;usif azmfaqmifa&;
Establishing
a more Favourable
Economic Environment for
Private Sector Development
OD;0if;atmif
Ou|
jynfaxmifpkorwj
wjrefrmEkdifiHukefonfrsm;ESifh
pufrIvufrIvkyfief;&Sifrsm;toif;csKyf
wifjyrnfhtaMumif;t&mrsm;
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
ed'gef;
yk*vduvkyfief;rsm;\tcef;u@
vuf&dSpD;yGm;a&;ywf0ef;usifwGif yk*vduu@ awGUMuHKae&aom
pdefac:rIrsm;
vuf&dSpD;yGm;a&;0ef;usifaumif;rGefatmif pOf;pm;oifhonfhtcsufrsm;
yk*vduu@ zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufa&;twGuf vdktyfaom pD;yGm;a&;
rl0g'rsm;tay:tMuHjyKcsuf
ed*Hk;
I. ed'gef;
1988 ckESpf aps;uGufpD;yGm;a&;pepfudk pwifusifhoHk;onfhtcsdefrSpwif pD;yGm;a&;
u@wdkif;wGif aps;uGufpD;yGm;a&;pepf (Market Economic System) azmfaqmifEkdifa&;
twGuf OD;pm;ay;vkyfaqmifcJhonfh tcsufrsm;1) A[dkpD;yGm;a&;csKyfudkifrIavQmhcsjcif; (Decentralization economic control)?
2) aps;EIef;xdrf;csKyfrIrsm; y,fzsufjcif; (Abolishing Price Control)?
3)
4)
5)
6)
II. yk*vduvkyfief;rsm;\tcef;u@
(u) GDP wGif yk*vduu@ yg0ifrItcsdK;tpm; (2009-2010)
(Source: MNPED)
* jynfwGif;tom;wifxkwfvkyfrIwefzkd;wGif yk*vduu@xkwv
f kyfrIrSm 91 %yg0ifygonf/
ukefoG,frIu@wGif yk*vduu@\yg0ifrI
(usyfoef;aygif;)
ydkUukef
ckepf
2006-2007
2007-2008
2008-2009
2009-2010
EdkifiHydkif
18139.2
22258.6
23510.8
24446.9
%
60%
63%
63%
59%
yk*vduydkif
11886.9
13038.2
13517
16842.2
oGif;ukef
%
EdkifiHydkif
%
40% 6465.7 38%
37% 4970.9 27%
37% 10744.3 43%
41% 7531.6 33%
yk*vduydkif
10369.3
13448
14129.5
15305.8
pkpkaygif;ukeo
f G,frI
%
62%
73%
57%
67%
EdkifiHydkif
24604.9
27229.5
34255.1
31978.5
%
53%
51%
55%
50%
yk*vduydkif
22256.2
26486.2
27646.5
32148
%
47%
49%
45%
50%
(Source: MNPED)
yk*vduu@awGUMuHKae&aom pdefac:rIrsm;
3-1. jynfwGif;vkyfief;rsm; ydkrdkzGHUNzdK;wdk;wuf&ef vdktyfaeonhftcsufrsm;
1/
2/
3/
4/
5/
6/
ajrydkifqdkifrI (Land)
aiGa&;aMu;a&; (Financing)
vkyfom;tiftm; (Workforce)
tajccHtaqmufttHkrsm; (Infrastructure)
tcGeftaumufqdkif&m (Taxation)
yk*vduydkifqdkifcGifh (Private Property Right)
regulations)
IV. vuf&dSpD;yGm;a&;0ef;usifaumif;rGefatmif
pOf;pm;oifhonfh tcsufrsm;
4-1. rufckdpD;yGm;a&;qdkif&m tajctaeEdIif;,SOfcsuf
Cambodia
Laos
Myanmar
Vietnam
Macroeconomic stability
3.26
2.80
2.60
2.94
3.32
3.55
3.48
3.45
3.39
3.44
2.97
3.31
3.05
3.23
3.25
3.15
3.09
3.52
3.27
3.25
Corruption control
2.68
2.89
2.88
2.94
Total Average
3.13
3.24
3.07
3.17
Macro Economy
Factor
Thailand
Myanmar
Set up cost
Low
High
Operating cost
Logistics cost
Labor cost
Land price
Low
Low
High
High
High
High
Low
High
Services
Finance/Loan
Infrastructure
OSS available
Available
Good
Limited OSS
Limited
Poor
(Electricity)
2) a&ESifh oef&Sif;a&;
3) o,f,lydkUaqmifa&;
4) qufoG,fa&;
(Transportation)
(Communication)
5) pufrIZkefzGHUNzdK;a&;
V. yk*vduu@ zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufa&;twGuf
vdktyfaom pD;yGm;a&;rl0g'rsm;tay:tMuHjyKcsuf
5-1. b@ma&;rl0g'
ydkrdkaumif;rGefaom tcGefpepfjzpfa&; (Better Tax Administration)
ydkrdkus,fjyefYaom tcGeftajcjzpfa&; (Broadening Tax Base)
&Sif;vif;vG,fulaom vkyfief;pOfrsm;jzpfa&; (Simplify Procedures)
ukefMurf;
ukefacsm
tcGefEIef;
ukefMurf; ukefacsm
1 oHjym;
oHjzifhjyKvkyfxm;aoma&pnf^oHyHk;ESifh
owK&nfokwfxm;aomyHk;cGufrsm;/
20%
10%
2
3
4
5
cJwH
Avmpmtkyf
rD;acsmif;
bufx&D
20%
10%
20%
20%
0%
0%
10%
10%
qyfjymrIefYMurf;
20%
0%
aq;0g;trsdK;rsdK;
10%
0.5%
cJqef
pm&Guf
zefacsmif;
cJukefMurf;
"mwfqyfjym&nf^"mwfqyfjymrIefYESifh
6
acs;cRwfaq;rIefY/
aq;0g;oHk;"mwkukefMurf;
7
(Chemical)
Zpfjrpf/
EkdifiHjcm;aiGvJEIef;onf pD;yGm;a&;
vkyfief;tm;vkH;twGuf wkdufkduf?
oG,f0kdufqufpyfvsuf&Sd&m
EkdifiHjcm;aiGvJEIef;wpf&yfwnf;
jzpfa&;ESifh wnfNidrfa&;onf
EkdifiHhpD;yGm;a&;wGif ta&;BuD;qkH;
tcsufjzpfaMumif; awGU&Sd&ygonf/
vuf&SdjrefrmEkdifiH&Sd bPfrsm;tm;vHk;\
twdk;EIef;rSm bPftyfaiG (Saving
Deposit) rSm 12 % ESifh acs;aiG
(Lending) rSm 17% jzpf&m tdrfeD;csif;
EkdifiHrsm; ESifhEIdif;,SOfygu
jrihfrm;aeonfudk awGU&ygonf/
Zpfjrpf/ / http://www.tradingeconomics.com
5-4. pufrIvufrIzGHUNzdK;wdk;wufa&;rl0g'
Enhancing Industrial Laws
Strengthening SME Institutions (Higher business set up cost,
SME development fund, etc.,)
Encouraging Foreign Direct Investment in Manufacturing Sector
(Stable and Consistent Policy and Procedure)
Readiness for AFTA
VI. ed*Hk;
EkdifiHwpfEkdifiH\ pD;yGm;a&;zGHUNzdK;wkd;wufrIonf ,if;EkdifiH&Sd yk*vdu
u@\ pD;yGm;a&;zGHUNzdK;wkd;wufrIay:wGif rsm;pGmrlwnfaejcif;/
yk*vduu@wkd;wufrIr&SdbJ EkdifiHzGHUNzdK;wkd;wufrI&Ekdifrnfr[kwfjcif;/
EkdifiHpD;yGm;a&;ukd trsm;qkH;aqmif&Gufay;aeaom yk*vduu@
zGHUNzdK;wkd;wufa&;twGuf vuf&Sdvkdtyfaeaom rufckdpD;yGm;a&;
tajctae aumif;rGefatmif azmfaqmifay;&ef txl;vkdtyfaejcif;/
toif;csKyftaejzifh wm0efodaom (Responsible) ? vlrIa&;wm0ef
(Corporate Social Responsibility) ausyGefaom yk*vduu@jzpf&ef
pnf;kH;OD;aqmifoGm;rnf jzpfouJhokdY EkdifiHawmfyikd f;rSvnf;
yk*vduu@\ vkdtyfcsufrsm;ukd tjrefjznfhqnf;ay;Ekdif vkdtyfjcif;/
** yk*vd
vdupD;yGm;a&;u@jrSifhwifjcif;jzifh EdkifiHpD;yGm;a&;wdk;wufaprnf/**
aus;Zl;wifygw,f/