HKDSE CHEMISTRY A Modern View (Chemistry)

Coursebook 3

9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29.

B C D D C C C C D B B B D D B C B C C A (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i)

0 +2 +3 3 +4 +6 +7 +5 +1 Redox reaction. Oxidizing agent: O2; reducing agent: NO; nitrogen monoxide is oxidized. Redox reaction. Oxidizing agent: HNO3; reducing agent: C; carbon is oxidized. Not a redox reaction. Redox reaction. Oxidizing agent: CuSO4; reducing agent: Zn; zinc is oxidized. Redox reaction. Oxidizing agent: Cl2; reducing agent: Cl2; chlorine is oxidized. (Chlorine is both oxidized and reduced in this reaction.)

30. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

31. (a) (i) MnO4(aq) + 8H+(aq) + 5e Mn2+(aq) + 4H2O(l) + 5 (Fe2+(aq) Fe3+(aq) + e) ____________________________________________________________ MnO4(aq) + 8H+(aq) + 5Fe2+(aq) Mn2+(aq) + 5Fe3+(aq) + 4H2O(l) (ii) Cr2O72(aq) + 14H+(aq) + 6e 2Cr3+(aq) + 7H2O(l) + 3 (2Br(aq) Br2(aq) + 2e) ____________________________________________________________ Cr2O72(aq) + 14H+(aq) + 6Br(aq) 2Cr3+(aq) + 3Br2(aq) + 7H2O(l) (b) (i) The purple permanganate solution is decolorized, and a yellow solution is formed. (ii) The orange dichromate solution becomes green, and bromine is formed which is yellow. The resultant solution looks yellowish-green.

Aristo Educational Press Ltd. 2010

HKDSE CHEMISTRY A Modern View (Chemistry)

Coursebook 3

32. (a) Colourless bubbles are evolved from the copper turnings, and the solution turns blue. (b) 3Cu(s) + 8HNO3(aq) 3Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2NO(aq) +4H2O(l) (c) Dilute nitric acid is the oxidizing agent. It is reduced as the oxidation number of nitrogen changes from +5 to +2. Copper is the reducing agent. It is oxidized as the oxidation number of copper changes from 0 to +2. (d) If the plug of cotton wool is removed, brown fumes appear at the mouth of the test tube. (e) 2NO(g) + O2(g) 2NO2(g) (f) The cotton wool plug prevents oxygen in air from entering the test tube, so the nitrogen monoxide formed will not be converted to nitrogen dioxide. 33. (a) Bubbles form immediately, and green fumes are evolved. (b) 2MnO4(aq) + 16H+(aq) + 10Cl(aq) 2Mn2+(aq) + 5Cl2(aq) + 8H2O(l) (c) Permanganate ion is the oxidizing agent. It is reduced as the oxidation number of manganese changes from +7 to +2. Hydrochloric acid is the reducing agent. It is oxidized as the oxidation number of chlorine changes from 1 to 0. (d) The stopcock should be closed. Otherwise, the chlorine gas would leave the flask through the funnel rather than through the side arm to react with the potassium iodide. (e) The water in the moistened broken porcelain chips can absorb unreacted hydrochloric acid vapour (hydrogen chloride gas), which is highly soluble in water. (f) The potassium iodide crystals turn black/dark brown. (g) Cl2 + 2I 2Cl + I2 (h) Chlorine is the oxidizing agent. It is reduced as the oxidation number of chlorine changes from 0 to 1. Potassium iodide is the reducing agent. It is oxidized as the oxidation number of iodine changes from 1 to 0. (i) The experiment should be carried out in the fume cupboard as chlorine is a poisonous gas.

Aristo Educational Press Ltd. 2010