marhalim (mm56683) Homework 1 shih (57480) This print-out should have 14 questions.

ns. Multiple-choice questions may continue on the next column or page nd all choices before answering. 001 10.0 points A particle of mass 50 g and charge 28 C is released from rest when it is 26 cm from a second particle of charge 10 C. Determine the magnitude of the initial acceleration of the 50 g particle. Correct answer: 744.527 m/s2 . Explanation: Let : m = 50 g , q = 28 C = 2.8 105 C , d = 26 cm = 0.26 m , Q = 10 C = 1 105 C , ke = 8.9875 109 . The force exerted on the particle is |q1 | |q2 | = ma r2 q Q a = ke m d2 2.8 105 C 1 105 C = ke (0.05 kg) (0.26 m2 ) F = ke = 744.527 m/s2 . 002 10.0 points Two identical small charged spheres hang in equilibrium with equal masses as shown in the gure. The length of the strings are equal and the angle (shown in the gure) with the vertical is identical.

Find the magnitude of the charge on each sphere. The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 and the value of Coulombs constant is 8.98755 109 N m2 /C2 . Correct answer: 4.39635 108 C. Explanation: Let : L = 0.09 m , m = 0.03 kg , = 7 .

and

and

From the right triangle in the gure above, we see that a sin = . L Therefore a = L sin = (0.09 m) sin(7 ) = 0.0109682 m . The separation of the spheres is r = 2 a = 0.0219365 m . The forces acting on one of the spheres are shown in the gure below.
T cos Fe T sin mg T

Because the sphere is in equilibrium, the resultant of the forces in the horizontal and vertical directions must separately add up to zero: Fx = T sin Fe = 0 Fy = T cos m g = 0 .

0. 0 9m
7 0.03 kg 0.03 kg

marhalim (mm56683) Homework 1 shih (57480)

F sin Fe = F cos mg Fe = m g tan = (0.03 kg) 9.8 m/s2 tan(7 ) = 0.0360987 N , for the electric force. From Coulombs law, the electric force between the charges has magnitude |Fe | = ke |q| = = |q|2 r2 |Fe | r 2 ke (0.0360987 N) (0.0219365 m)2 (8.98755 109 N m2 /C2 )

004 10.0 points Charge Q is on the y axis a distance a from the origin and charge q is on the x axis a distance d from the origin. What is the value of d for which the x component of the force on q is the greatest? 1. d = a q a Q2 a 3. d = correct 2 q 4. d = 2a Q 5. d = 2 a 2. d = 6. d = q a Q 2

= 4.39635 108 C . 003 10.0 points Consider two charged plates with the same net charge on each. Imagine a proton at rest a certain distance from a negatively charged plate; after being released it collides with the plate. Then imagine an electron at rest the same distance from a positively charged plate. In which case will the moving particle have the greater speed when the collision occurs? 1. The proton and the electron will have the same speed on impact. 2. It cannot be determined. 3. The electron will have the greater speed on impact. correct 4. The proton will have the greater speed on impact. Explanation: The electron will have the greater speed on impact. The force on each will be the same, but the electron experiences more acceleration and therefore gains more speed because of its smaller mass.

7. d = 0 q a Q a 9. d = 2 Explanation: We have the force on charge q on the x axis due to charge Q on the y axis 8. d = F = 1 qQ , r 4 0 r 2

where r = a2 + d2 . So the x component of the force on q is Fx = 1 4 0 1 = 4 0 1 = 4 0 qQ cos r2 qQ d 2 + d2 a a 2 + d2 qQd . 2 + d2 )3/2 (a

For maximum x component of the force, Fx = 0 is required. Therefore d qQ a 2 2 d2 Fx =0 = d 4 0 (a2 + d2 )5/2

marhalim (mm56683) Homework 1 shih (57480) a 2 2 d2 = 0 a d= . 2

F4x =

005 10.0 points Four point charges are placed at the four corners of a square. Each side of the square has a length L. q4 = q q3 = q P

k q2 1 2 L2 2 8.98755 109 N m2 /C2 = 2 (1 m)2 (1.5 106 C)2 2 = 0.00714955 N

F4y =

q1 = q L q2 = q Find the magnitude of the electric force on q2 due to all three charges q1 , q3 and q4 for L = 1 m and q = 1.5 C. Correct answer: 0.030333 N. Explanation:
F1 q2 F4y F3 F4x F4

k q2 1 2 L2 2 8.98755 109 N m2 /C2 = 2 (1 m)2 (1.5 106 C)2 2 = 0.00714955 N

= (F1 + F4x )2 + (F3 + F4y )2 = (0.020222 N + 0.00714955 N)2 + [0.020222 N

F =

+(0.00714955 N)]2 0.00092009 N2

= 0.030333 N . From the gure, k q2 F1 = 2 L = 8.98755 109 N m2 /C2 (1.5 (1 m)2 = 0.020222 N 106 C)2 006 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points Three positive point charges are arranged in a triangular pattern in a plane, as shown below. 2 nC + 2m 2m + 7 nC

F3 =

k q2 L2 = 8.98755 109 N m2 /C2 (1.5 106 C)2 (1 m)2 = 0.020222 N

Find the magnitude of the net electric force on the 7 nC charge. The Coulomb constant is 8.98755 109 N m2 /C2 .

2m + 3 nC

marhalim (mm56683) Homework 1 shih (57480) Correct answer: 2.83544 108 N. Explanation: Let : = 8.98755 109 N m2 /C2 7 109 C 2 109 C 8 m2 8 = 1.57282 10 N

q1 = +2 nC = +2 109 C , q2 = +7 nC = +7 109 C , q3 = +3 nC = +3 109 C , (x1 , y1 ) = (0 m, 2 m) , (x2 , y2 ) = (2 m, 0 m) , (x3 , y3 ) = (0 m, 2 m) , and kC = 8.98755 109 N m2 /C2 .

acts downward and to the right along the line connecting q2 and q1 , and the repulsive force F3 = kC q2 q3 2 r3

2m

15

.7

28

2 nC + 2m + 7 nC

= 8.98755 109 N m2 /C2 7 109 C 3 109 C 8 m2 8 = 2.35923 10 N acts upward and to the right along the line connecting q2 and q3 . Now, lets consider the directions of the forces. Since |x2 | = |y1 | = |y3 | , 21 = 23 = 45 , and Fx = F1 cos 45 + F3 cos 45 = (1.57282 108 N) cos 45 + (2.35923 108 N) cos 45 = 2.78038 108 N Fy = F1 sin 45 + F3 sin 45 = (1.57282 108 N) sin 45 + (2.35923 108 N) sin 45 = 5.56076 109 N
2 2 Fx + Fy

2
28. 354 4 N

11.3099

23

2m

.5 92 3 N

+ 3 nC

Felectric = kC

q1 q2 r2

Fnet = F1 + F3 Fnet =
2 2 Fnet,x + Fnet,y

The distances between the 7 nC charge and q1 and q2 are

2 r1 = (x2 x1 )2 + (y2 y1 )2 = (x2 0)2 + (0 y1 )2 2 = x2 + y1 = (2 m)2 + (2 m)2 2 = 8 m2 , and 2 r3 = (x3 x2 )2 + (y3 y2 )2 = (0 x2 )2 + (y3 0)2 2 = x2 + y3 = (2 m)2 + (2 m)2 2 = 8 m2 .

Fnet = =

2.78038 108 N + 5.56076 10

9

2
1 2

= 2.83544 108 N . 007 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points What is the direction of this force (measured from the positive x-axis as an angle between 180 and 180 , with counterclockwise positive)?

Consider the magnitudes of the forces. The repulsive force F1 = kC q2 q1 2 r1

marhalim (mm56683) Homework 1 shih (57480) Correct answer: 11.3099 .

The spheres are suddenly connected by a thin conducting wire, which is then removed. Connected + +

Explanation: Fy tan = Fx = arctan Fy Fx

= tan1

= 11.3099 .

5.56076 109 N 2.78038 108 N

Now the spheres repel each other with a force of 0.044 N. Final + +

The net force on the 7 nC charge is 2.83544 108 N acting 11.3099 above the positive x-axis. 008 10.0 points A plastic rod is rubbed against a wool shirt, thereby acquiring a charge of 4.9 C. The charge on an electron is 1.6 1019 C. How many electrons are transferred from the wool shirt to the plastic rod? Correct answer: 3.0625 1013 . Explanation:

What is the magnitude of the positive charge? Correct answer: 4.96877 106 C. Explanation:

Let : F1 F2 r q1

= 0.287 N , = 0.044 N , = 0.6 m , and > |q2 | .

Let : q = 4.9 C = 4.9 10 e = 1.6 1019 C . The total charge is

and

Applying Coulombs law, the electrostatic force between the charges q1 and q2 separated by a distance r is F = ke q1 q2 . r2

q = ne e q 4.9 106 C ne = = e 1.6 1019 C = 3.0625 1013 .

009 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points Two conducting spheres have identical radii. Initially they have charges of opposite sign and unequal magnitudes with the magnitude of the positive charge larger than the magnitude of the negative charge. They attract each other with a force of 0.287 N when separated by 0.6 m. Initial ++ ++

Initially both spheres have opposite charges, with q1 > |q2 |. From conservation of electric charges, if the rst sphere loses charges qx , the second sphere will gain charges qx . After the wire is removed, both spheres have the same nal charges q3 , so q1 qx = q3 and q2 + qx = q3 . From Coulombs law F2 =
2 ke q3 r2 2F r 2 2 q3 = ke

q3 =

r 2 F2 = ke

= 1.32757 106 C .

(0.6 m)2 (0.044 N) 8.98755 109 N m2 /C2

marhalim (mm56683) Homework 1 shih (57480) Further F1 = ke q1 q2 ke (q3 + qx ) (q3 qx ) = 2 r r2 2 q2 ke q3 x = . 2 r

2) A third ball carrying a positive charge, is brought near the rst two. + X Y

r 2 F1 2 2 = q3 qx ke r 2 F1 r 2 F2 2 qx = + ke ke qx = = r 2 (F1 + F2 ) ke (0.6 N + 0.044 N) 9 N m2 /C2 8.98755 10 m)2 (0.287

3) While the positions of these balls are xed, ball Y is connected to ground. + X Y

4) Then the ground wire is disconnected. + X Y

= 3.6412 106 C . Finally,

q1 = q3 + qx = 1.32757 106 C + 3.6412 106 C = 4.96877 106 C .

5) While Y and X remain in touch, the ball carring the positive charge is removed. X Y

010 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points What is the negative charge? Correct answer: 2.31363 106 C. Explanation:

6) Then ball Y and X are separated. X Y

q2 = q3 qx = 1.32757 106 C 3.6412 106 C = 2.31363 106 C . 011

After these procedures, the signs of the charge qY on Y and qX on X are 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. qY is neutral and qX is neutral. qY is neutral and qX is negative. qY is positive and qX is neutral. qY is positive and qX is positive. qY is neutral and qX is positive. qY is negative and qX is positive.

10.0 points

1) Two uncharged metal balls, Y and X, each stand on a glass rod and are touching. X Y

marhalim (mm56683) Homework 1 shih (57480) 7. 8. qY is negative and qX is neutral. qY is positive and qX is negative. E1 q1 q2 + r1 Let : q1 = 3 nC = 3 109 C , q2 = 4.6 nC = 4.6 109 C , q3 = 4.3 nC = 4.3 109 C , r12 = 0.57 m , r23 = 0.88 m , x = 4.3 m , and ke = 8.98755 109 N m2 /C2 . q3 + r2 r3 E3 + E2

9. qY is negative and qX is negative. correct

Explanation: When the ball with positive charge is brought nearby, the free charges inside Y and X rearrange themselves. The negative charges are attracted and go to the right (i.e. move to X), whereas the positive charges are repelled and collect in the left hand side of the system Y Y, i.e., in Y. When we ground Y, the positive charges which have collected in Y are allowed to escape (they strive to the left), whereas the negative charges in X are still held enthralled by the positive charge on the third ball. We break the ground. Now we remove the third ball with positive charge. The charge on X is redistributed in the system Y Y, i.e. they share the negative charge (equally if identical). Finally we separate Y and X. The signs of the charge on Y and that on X are both negative. 012 10.0 points Three point charges are arranged as shown. 3 nC 4.6 nC + 0.88 m 4.3 nC +

The distances between the observing point and each charge are r1 = x + r12 = 4.3 m + 0.57 m = 4.87 m r2 = x = 4.3 m r3 = x r23 = 4.3 m 0.88 m = 3.42 m respectively. The contribution of each charge to the total electric eld is expressed as E i = ke qi e 2 x ri (for i = 1, 2, 3) .

Thus the x component of the total electric eld is Etotal = E1 + E2 + E3 q1 q2 q3 = ke 2 + r2 + r2 r1 2 3 = 8.98755 109 N m2 /C2 3 109 C 4.6 109 C + (4.87 m)2 (4.3 m)2 4.3 109 C + (3.42 m)2

0.57 m

What is the electric eld strength at 4.3 m to the right of the middle charge? The Coulomb constant is 8.98755 109 N m2 /C2 . Correct answer: 4.40323 N/C.

= 4.40323 N/C in the +x direction. 013 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points Three positive charges are arranged as shown at the corners of a rectangle.

Explanation:

marhalim (mm56683) Homework 1 shih (57480) 5.24 nC + 2.62 nC + 1.149 m 0.383 m + 2.25 nC

the rectangle, and is directed away from the charge since q3 is positive, so E 3 = ke q3 . 2 r3

Find the magnitude of the electric eld at the fourth corner of the rectangle. The Coulomb constant is 8.98755 109 N m2/C2 . Correct answer: 171.941 N/C. Explanation: E1 Q2 E2 Q1 Let : q1 q2 q3 r2 r1 ke r2 Q3 r1

Consider the direction of E3 cos = Thus E3,x = ke E3,y Enet,x q3 q3 r2 2 sin = ke r 3 r3 3 q3 q3 r1 = kC 2 cos = ke 3 , so that r3 r3 = E2,x + E3,x q3 r2 q2 = ke 2 ke 3 r2 r3 = 8.98755 109 N m2 /C2 5.24 109 C (1.149 m)2 8.98755 109 N m2 /C2 r2 and r3 sin = r1 r3

E3

= 2.62 nC = 2.62 109 C , = 5.24 nC = 5.24 109 C , = 2.25 nC = 2.25 109 C , = 1.149 m , = 0.383 m , and = 8.98755 109 N m2 /C2 . (1.149 m)2 + (0.383 m)2

Enet,y

The length of the diagonal is r3 =

2 2 r1 + r2 =

(2.25 109 C) (1.149 m) (1.21115 m)3 = 48.7506 N/C , and = E1,y + E3,y q1 q3 r1 = ke 2 + ke 3 r1 r3 = 8.98755 109 N m2 /C2 2.62 109 C (0.383 m)2 + 8.98755 109 N m2 /C2

= 1.21115 m . The electric eld produced by the charge q1 is along the positive y-axis, so E1,x = 0 E1,y = E1 = kc q1 2 . r1

(2.25 109 C) (0.383 m) (1.21115 m)3 = 164.885 N/C , so that Enet = Enet,x 2 + Enet,4 2 +(164.885 N/C)2 = 171.941 N/C .
1/2

The electric eld produced by the charge q2 is along the negative x-axis, so q2 E2,x = E2 = kc 2 r2 E2,y = 0 . The electric eld produced by the charge q3 is upward and to the left along the diagonal of

Enet = (48.7506 N/C)2

014 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points

marhalim (mm56683) Homework 1 shih (57480) What is the direction of this electric eld (as an angle measured from the positive x-axis, with counterclockwise positive)? Correct answer: 106.471. Explanation: Enet,y Enet,x = tan1 164.885 N/C 48.7506 N/C

tan =

= tan1

Enet,y Enet,x = 106.471 .

The electric eld at the fourth corner of the rectangle is 171.941 N/C, acting 73.529 above the negative x-axis. From the positive x-axis, the angle is 106.471 .