Solutions to the harder differentiation Qs.

3. Note: Accept exact answers given in terms of t.

(a) Evidence of using l = ru (M1)
arc AB = 7.85 (m) A1 N2

(b) Evidence of using (M1)
Area of sector AOB = 58.9 (m
2
) A1 N2

(c) METHOD 1

angle = (A1)
attempt to find 15 sin M1
height = 15 + 15 sin
= 22.5 (m) A1 N2
METHOD 2

angle = (A1)
attempt to find 15 cos M1
r A
2
2
1
=

6
2
3

( )
t
30
6
6
t
6
t

3
( )
t
60
3
3
t
height = 15 + 15 cos
= 22.5 (m) A1 N2

(d) (i) (M1)
= 25.6 (m) A1 N2
(ii) h(0) = 15 15 cos (M1)
= 4.39(m) A1 N2
(iii) METHOD 1
Highest point when h = 30 R1
30 = 15 15 cos M1
cos = 1 (A1)
t = 1.18 A1 N2
METHOD 2

Sketch of graph of h M2
Correct maximum indicated (A1)
t = 1.18 A1 N2
METHOD 3
Evidence of setting h'(t) = 0 M1
sin (A1)
Justification of maximum R1
3
t
|
.
|

\
| t
+
t
= |
.
|

\
| t
4 2
cos 15 15
4
h
|
.
|

\
| t
+
4
0
|
.
|

\
| t
+
4
2t
|
.
|

\
| t
+
4
2t
|
.
|

\
| t
8
3
accept
h
30
t 2
0
4
2 = |
.
|

\
| t
+ t
eg reasoning from diagram, first derivative test, second
derivative test
t = 1.18 A1 N2

(e) h'(t) = 30 sin (may be seen in part (d)) A1A1 N2

(f) (i)

A1A1A1 N3
Notes: Award A1 for range 30 to 30, A1
for two zeros.
Award A1 for approximate correct
sinusoidal shape.
(ii) METHOD 1
Maximum on graph of h' (M1)
t = 0.393 A1 N2
METHOD 2
Minimum on graph of h' (M1)
t = 1.96 A1 N2
METHOD 3
Solving h''(t) = 0 (M1)
One or both correct answers A1
t = 0.393, t = 1.96 N2
[22]

20. (a) (i) (or ) (A1)(A1) (N1)(N1)

(ii)
|
.
|

\
| t

8
3
accept
|
.
|

\
| t
+
4
2t
h(t)
30
30
t

2
2 p = 4 q = 4, 2 p q = =
( 2)( 4) y a x x = +
(M1)

(A1) (N1)

(iii)

(A1) (N1) 5

(b) (i) (A1) (N1)
(ii) (M1)
(A1)(A1) (N2) 4

(c) (i) when x = 4, gradient of tangent is 4 1 = 3 (may be implied) (A1)
gradient of normal is (A1)
(A1) (N3)

(ii) (or sketch/graph) (M1)

(may be implied) (A1)


(A1) (N2) 6
[15]
21. (a) x = 1 (A1) 1
(b) Using quotient rule (M1)
8 (6 2)(6 4) a = +
8 16a =
1
2
a =
1
( 2)( 4)
2
y x x = +
2
1
( 2 8)
2
y x x =
2
1
4
2
y x x =
d
1
d
y
x
x
=
1 7 x =
( ) 8, 20 P is (8, 20) x y = =
1
3

1 1 4
0 ( 4)
3 3 3
y x y x
| |
= = +
|
\ .
2
1 1 4
4
2 3 3
x x x = +
2
1 2 16
0
2 3 3
x x =
2
3 4 32 0 x x =
(3 8)( 4) 0 x x + =
8
or 4
3
x x = =
8
( 2.67)
3
x =
Substituting correctly g'(x) = A1
= (A1)
= (Accept a = 3, n = 3) A1 4

(c) Recognizing at point of inflexion g(x) = 0 M1
x = 4 A1
Finding corresponding y-value = = 0.222 ie P A1 3
[8]



(c) Using V = (M1)
Volume = A2 3
[14]
23. (a) (i) (A1)(A1)
(ii) EITHER

(M1)
OR
,
for (M1)
THEN
(A1)(A1)(A1) (N4) 6
(b) (i) translation (A1)
in the y-direction of 1 (A1)
(ii) 1.11 (1.10 from TRACE is subject to AP) (A2) 4
[10]
26. (a) x = 1 (A1) 1
(b) (i) f (1000) = 2.01 (A1)
(ii) y = 2 (A1) 2
4
2
) 1 (
)] 1 ( 2 )[ 2 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 (

x
x x x
3
) 1 (
) 4 2 ( ) 1 (

x
x x
3
) 1 (
3

x
x
9
2
|
.
|

\
|
9
2
, 4
x y
b
a
d
2
}
|
.
|

\
|
+ +
} }
805 . 0
0
2 2
2 ln
0
2 2
d ) e 1 ( or d ) e 1 ( x x
x x
( ) 6sin2 f x x ' =
( ) 12sin cos 0 f x x x ' = =
sin 0 or cos 0 x x = =
sin2 0 x =
0 2 2 x s s t

0, ,
2
x =

(c) f '(x) = (A1)(A1)
= (A1)
= (AG) 3
Notes: Award (M1) for the correct use of the quotient rule,
the first (A1) for the placement of the correct expressions
into the quotient rule.
Award the second (A1) for doing sufficient simplification to
make the given answer reasonably obvious.

(d) f (3) = 0 stationary (or turning) point (R1)
f (3) = > 0 minimum (R1) 2

(e) Point of inflexion f (x) = 0 x = 4 (A1)
x = 4 y = 0 Point of inflexion = (4, 0) (A1)
OR
Point of inflexion = (4, 0) (G2) 2
[10]
27. Note: Do not penalize missing units in this question.
(a) (i) At release(P), t = 0 (M1)
s = 48 + 10 cos 0
= 58 cm below ceiling (A1)

(ii) 58 = 48 +10 cos 2t (M1)
cos 2t = 1 (A1)
t = 1sec (A1)
OR
t = 1sec (G3) 5
(b) (i) = 20 sin 2t (A1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for 20, and (A1) for sin 2tt.
(ii) v = = 20 sin 2t = 0 (M1)
sin 2 t = 0
t = 0, ... (at least 2 values) (A1)
4
2 2
) 1 (
) 20 13 2 )( 1 ( 2 ) 13 4 ( ) 1 (

+
x
x x x x x
3
2 2
) 1 (
) 40 26 4 ( ) 13 17 4 (

+ +
x
x x x x
3
) 1 (
27 9

x
x
16
18
t
s
d
d
t
s
d
d
2
1
s = 48 + 10 cos 0 or s = 48 +10 cos (M1)
= 58 cm (at P) = 38 cm (20 cm above P) (A1)(A1) 7
Note: Accept these answers without working for full marks.
May be deduced from recognizing that amplitude is 10.

(c) 48 +10 cos 2t = 60 + 15 cos 4t (M1)
t = 0.162 secs (A1)
OR
t = 0.162 secs (G2) 2

(d) 12 times (G2) 2
Note: If either of the correct answers to parts (c) and (d) are
missing and suitable graphs have been sketched, award (G2)
for sketch of suitable graph(s); (A1) for t = 0.162; (A1) for
12.
[16]
30. (a) (i) Vertical asymptote x = l (A1)
(ii) Horizontal asymptote y = 0 (A1)
(iii)

(A1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for each branch.
4

(b) (i) f ' (x) =
3 2 1 0 1 2 3
6
4
2
2
y
x
( )
2
3
2
1
6
x
x
+
f '' (x) = (M1)
= (A1)
= (A1)
= (AG)

(ii) Point of inflexion => f " (x) = 0 (M1)
=> x = 0 or x =
x = 0 or x = 0.794 (3 sf) (A1)(A1)
OR
x = 0, x = 0.794 (G1)(G2) 6

35. (a) When t = 0, (M1)
h = 2 + 20 0 5 0
2
= 2 h = 2 (A1) 2

(b) When t = 1, (M1)
h = 2 + 20 1 5 1
2
(A1)
= 17 (AG) 2

(c) (i) h = 17 17 = 2 + 20t 5t
2
(M1)
(ii) 5t
2
20t + 15 = 0 (M1)
5(t
2
4t + 3) = 0
(t 3)(t 1) = 0 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for factorizing or using the formula
t = 3 or 1 (A1) 4
Note: Award (A1) for t = 3

(d) (i) h = 2 + 20t 5t
2

= 0 + 20 10t
= 20 10t (A1)(A1)

(ii) t = 0 (M0)
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
4
3
2 1 3 2
2
3
1
3 ) 1 )( 2 ( 6 12 1
x
x x x x x
+
+ + +
( )( )
( )
3
3
4 3
1
36 12 1
x
x x x
+
+ +
( )
3
3
4 4
1
36 12 12
x
x x
+
+
( )
( )
3
3
3
1
1 2 12
x
x x
+
3
2
1
t
h
d
d
= 20 10 0 = 20 (A1)

(iii) = 0 (M1)
20 10t = 0 t = 2 (A1)

(iv) t = 2 (M1)
h = 2 + 20 2 5 2
2
= 22 h = 22 (A1) 7
[15]
38. (a)

y
2
= 9x
6
2
= 9(4) (M1)
36 = 36 (A1) 2
(4, 6) on parabola
(b) (i) y = 3
(M1)
= Slope at any point
Therefore at (4, 6), slope of tangent = (A1)
Slope of normal = (A1)
Therefore equation of normal is y 6 = (x 4) (M1)
3y 18 = 4x + 16
4x + 3y 34 = 0 (A1) 5
Notes: Candidates may differentiate implicitly to obtain .
Answer must be given in the form ax + by + c = 0.
t
h
d
d
t
h
d
d
y
x
y x = 9
2
P
Q
x
x
x
y
2
3
d
d
=
4
3
3
4
3
4
y x
y
2
9
d
d
=
(ii) Coordinates of Q:
y = 0, 4x = 34
x = (A1)
Q (A1) 2
(c) SP = (M1)
=
= (A1)
SQ = (M1)
=
= (A1) 4
40. (a) (i) f (x) =
= 2 + by division or otherwise (M1)
Therefore as x f (x) 2 (A1)
y = 2 is an asymptote (AG)
OR = 2 (M1)(A1)
y = 2 is an asymptote (AG)
OR make x the subject
yx 3y = 2x + 1
x(y 2) = 1 + 3y (M1)
x = (A1)
y = 2 is an asymptote (AG)
Note: Accept inexact methods based on the ratio of the
coefficients of x.

(ii) Asymptote at x = 3 (A1)
(iii) P(3, 2) (A1) 4

2
17
|
.
|

\
|
0 ,
2
17
2
2
) 6 0 ( 4
4
9
+ |
.
|

\
|

36
16
49
+
4
25
4
9
2
17

4
9
4
34

4
25
3
1 2

+
x
x
3
7
x
3
1 2
lim

+

x
x
x
2
3 1

+
y
y
(b) f (x) = 0 x = (M1)(A1)
x = 0 f (x) = (M1)(A1) 4
(c)
(A4) 4
Note: Asymptotes (A1)
Intercepts (A1)
Shape (A2).

(d) f '(x) = (M1)
= (A1)
= Slope at any point
Therefore slope when x = 4 is 7 (A1)
And f (4) = 9 ie S(4, 9) (A1)
Equation of tangent: y 9 = 7(x 4) (M1)
7x + y 37 = 0 (A1) 6
(e) at T, = 7 (M1)
(x 3)
2
= 1 (A1)
x 3 = l (A1)
(A1)(A1) 5
(f) Midpoint [ST] =
= (3, 2)
= point P (A1) 1
[24]
|
.
|

\
|
0 ,
2
1
2
1
|
.
|

\
|

3
1
, 0
3
1
x
y
2
3
2
) 3 (
) 1 2 ( ) 2 )( 3 (

+
x
x x
2
) 3 (
7

x
2
) 3 (
7

x
) 5 , 2 (
) 9 , 4 (
5 or 9
2 or 4

)
`

=
=
T
S
y
x
|
.
|

\
| +
2
5 9
,
2
2 4