Microorganisms

The kingdom Monera: Bacteria

Microscopic organisms, unicellular, prokaryotic cells: bacteria

Very

simple structure (no nucleus or organelles only).

Cell membrane

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Bacterial cell wall Bacterial capsule Cytoplasm Genetic material Flagella

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Microorganisms
The kingdom Monera: Bacteria
By the way bacteria are classified as: Cocos: Rounded shape. Bacillus: Elongated shape. Glasses: How to comma. Spirilum: Spiral.
Nutrition: Most heterotrophic and some autotrophic (cyanobacteria) Parasites: live off other living things. Saprophytic: feeding on decomposing organisms. Symbionts: Two species are associated with mutual benefit.

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Microorganisms
The kingdom Monera: Bacteria
Normally reproduce by bipartition, producing two daughter bacteria. In a few hours under optimal conditions bacteria can cause thousands of them. When there are adverse environmental conditions some bacteria are surrounded by a thick wall of resistance and form spores, to improve conditions develops a new bacteria from the spore.

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Microorganisms
Virus
Can not be considered living, having no cell structure, although they can reproduce by infecting a cell.

Are always Parasites.

Size of virus: Scan only be observed with the electron microscope. Can find anywhere, but can not move by themselves.

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Microorganisms
Virus: Structure
Have a very simple basic structure:

Capsid, (protein) External casing, (a few) Nucleic acid (genetic material)

Also their way of life is very simple:

The virus infects a cell. Genetic material is duplicated, and Output of new viruses.
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Microorganisms
The kingdom protoctista

Unicellular y multicellular organism. Eukaryotic cells, no tissues or organs.

Are classifed as:

Protozoa, and
Algae
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Microorganisms
Protoctista: Los Protozoa

Organisms microscopic in size variable.

Unicellular. Heterotrophs. Live in aquatic environments (freshwater and salt). Which live on the surface of the waters are part of the zooplankton. Flagellates, Ciliates, Rhizopods y Sporozoa
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Microorganisms
Protoctista: Algae

Group of living very differents. Their cells have chloroplasts and cell wall.

Unicellulars and multicellulars. Form colonies. Autotrophic: green, brown and red. Are aquatic. Are part of the Phytoplankton.

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Microorganisms
Function of microorganisms
Most are BENEFICIAL because, or: Are decomposers; Are plankton; Constitute the intestinal flora; Intervene in the pharmaceutical industry. Some are HARMFUL because: Produce infectious diseases. Are spread through contagion, although it can be combated using vaccines and antibiotics.
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Microorganisms
Microorganisms and diseases

Infectious disease: it is the invasion of a living by a pathogen. The main routes of entry are:

The skin; Respiratory tract; Gastrointestinal tract; Sexual contact.

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Microorganisms
How to fight disease
Primary prevention: Hygiene. Food inspection. Vaccinations: Preparations of dead or weakened microorganisms. Secondary prevention : The antibiotics: Substances produced by other microorganisms and are used to eliminate or prevent the growth of pathogens.
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Microorganisms
To learn more
(Follow the links to explore the topic through internet)

Bacteria and Virus

(video)

Protozoa
Algae

(video)

(picture)

Vaccines

(video)

Resistance to antibiotics

(video)

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Microorganisms
Vocational and professional guidance (for an integrated curriculum)

Scientific: Alexander Fleming

Medicine: Los primeros antibiticos

Industry: Bread and Beer Prevention: History of SIDA

Scientific: Robert Gallo

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