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Presentation to the Masters in Defence Administration (MDA) program at the Royal Military College of Science, Shrivenham concerning defence procurement politics.
Judul Asli
(1998) Insights into Defence Procurement TSR-2 v CVA-01
Presentation to the Masters in Defence Administration (MDA) program at the Royal Military College of Science, Shrivenham concerning defence procurement politics.
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Presentation to the Masters in Defence Administration (MDA) program at the Royal Military College of Science, Shrivenham concerning defence procurement politics.
Hak Cipta:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Format Tersedia
Unduh sebagai PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
Background: The 1960s environment
• What can historical analysis yield to us ?
• Before the Central Organisation for Defence:
The War Office, Admiralty, Air Ministry
• Ministry of Defence as bit-player
• Efforts of ‘Zuk-Batten’ axis to integrate
• Underwritten however by Prime Minister
The stakes for the services
• Air Ministry had lost control of the strategic
deterrent mission to the Admiralty. Economic - political - defence reasoning. End result the same
• Admiralty needed to replace aircraft carrier force
• Concept of the ‘decisive weapon’ and influence on culture of the organisation
The strategies
• Island Basing. Island stockpiles, containing runways from which force could be projected. Threat to aircraft carriers. Plus ca change ?
• Naval Task Forces. Aircraft carrier groups capable of support amphibious warfare operations. Validated following Kuwait intervention of 1961
• For RAF who controls air support mission ?
Budgetary issues
• The Defence budget on the whole is spilt fairly evenly between the services
• manoevering over strategy influences the order in which equipment is procured
• Therefore the successful service lays an advance claim at the next generation stage of procurement
The tactics - 1963.
• Chief of the Air Staff sought to make direct comparison between Island Basing and carrier strategies
• The Admiralty arguably abetted by the Chief of Defence Staff seek to push forward Buccaneer as joint-service replacement for TSR-2
• Chief Scientific Officer as Arbiter: Visibility, flexibility, cost. Issue of quantitative versus qualitative methods
The tactics - 1964
• Turnover in ministers and lack of co-ordination allows projects to retain momentum
• April fools day 1964, new MoD created
• October - Labour government elected with small majority in House of Commons
• ‘Weekend of the Crunch’ briefing on defence at Chequers to establish policy
1965 - Defence Review in progress.
• Cabinet Defence and Oversea Policy Committee as pivotal. personalities count.
• Healey on TSR-2 ‘we could not afford the successor... the problem would be postponed’. Ability of new government to make difficult decisions. F-111A as concession.
• Air Force hit back ‘the case for dropping carriers’.
The Defence Review 1966
• Mountbatten (Navy) had been replaced by Hull (Army) as Chief of the Defence Staff
• RN rejected offer of two US aircraft carriers for $30m each in favour of CVA-01
• Bargaining issue. RN only requested one carrier in order to get ‘toe in the door’
• RAF’s creative use of geography to show veracity of Island Basing strategy
The aftermath.
• 9 days before the 1966 General election the Minister for Defence (RN) and 1st Sea Lord resign
• Currency crises cause not only loss of TSR-2 and CVA-01 but cancellation of F-111A
• Relations soured for sometime between RN and RAF
Conclusions
• What role does strategy serve in peacetime ?
• Are force structures victim to service cultural ‘myths’ ?
• Procurement is as much a political process as a technical, military, or scientific one