RT4 - 04 - Core - New
RT4 - 04 - Core - New
Str-IV/Fer/1999
Bearing Wall Structures
The bearing wall is part of the main building structures, it supports Floor loads &
Lateral forces.
Bearing wall construction is mostly used for building types that require frequent
subdivision of space, such as for residential application.
The bearing walls may either be closely spaced, say 12 to 18 ft and directly define
the rooms, or they may be spaced say 30 ft apart and use long-span floor systems that
support the partition walls subdividing the space.
Bearing-wall building of 15 stories or more in brick, concrete block, pre-cast large-
panel concrete, or cast-in-place reinforced concrete are common-place today; they have
been build in heights up to the 26-story range1. 1
Wolfgang, Vertical building structure hal. 450.
Str-IV/Fer/1999
Bearing Wall Structures
Some basic wall layout
systems are:
• Cross-wall system
• Long-wall system
• Combination:
- Double-cross-wall
(two-way system)
• Radial system
Str-IV/Fer/1999
Shear Wall
In a building, the vertical structural planes are tied together by the horizontal
floor planes. The lateral forces from wind or earthquake are distributed along the floor
framing, which act as deep horizontal beams, to the vertical shear walls, which are
assumed to be located parallel to the direction of lateral loads. The shear walls, in turn,
carry the loads to the foundations and ground.
Str-IV/Fer/1999
Core structures
The linear bearing walls structure works quite well for residential buildings, where
functions are fixed and the energy supply can be easily distributed vertically. In contrast, office
and commercial buildings require maximum flexibility in layout, calling for large open spaces
subdivided by moveable partitions. In this case, the vertical circulation and the distribution of
other services must be gathered and contained in shafts, and then channeled horizontally at every
floor level. These vertical cores may also act as lateral stabilizers for the building.
The core(s) should be located so as to generate a minimum eccentricity for the lateral
forces. A typical interior concrete core is weakened by penetrations for door openings and holes
for service systems. When the total area of penetrations is below about 30 % of core wall area,
and the openings are small and arranged in a staggered fashion, then the effect of the openings
upon the closed tubular behavior of the whole core may be ignored for preliminary design
purposes
Str-IV/Fer/1999
The effect of lateral load action upon walls with opening
Str-IV/Fer/1999
Core buildings
From a structural point of view, the core or cores may constitute the sole vertical
supporting elements in a building, or they may act together with other structure systems that either
carry only gravity loads or share the lateral force resistance with the cores. Therefore, the designer
may want to distinguish between the following cases:
• Single core structure: the entire building is supported solely by the core
• Multiple core structure, possibly of the bridge-type: the entire building is supported
solely by cores
• Core in combination with columns and / or shear walls:
Cores together with wall beams form mega-frames to support secondary buildings,
possibly of the skeleton type or suspension type
Core(s) act as the stabilizing element(s) to hinged frames such as pre-cast concrete
skeletons
Cores act together with shear walls, etc.
Str-IV/Fer/1999
Core buildings
Str-IV/Fer/1999
• Central core structures • The building core
Str-IV/Fer/1999
Shear Wall / core - frame structure systems
Str-IV/Fer/1999
CORE STRUKTUR
• Core adalah inti bangunan tinggi
• Core adalah struktur utama bangunan tinggi, sebagai pemikul
dan pengaku.
• Core sebagai struktur bisa berbentuk; bidang, rangka batang,
kombinasi, yang disusun seperti: , , , , , , dan
macam bentuk lainnya.
• Letak core; terbaik di titik berat denah bangunan, menciptakan
keseimbangan dari beban yang bekerja terhadap bangunan.
Tata Letak CORE
Perbedaan fungsi bangunan berpengaruh terhadap pola tata letak core pada suatu
bangunan.
Kolom sebagai
struktur sisi luar
bangunan
Core sebagai struktur utama, Bidang struktur dari rangka batang, sebagai
tegak lurus di titik berat struktur vertikal, memikul balok dan bidang
bangunan lantai
PENAMPILAN BANUNAN MIRING DI ABU
DHABI
CORE TIDAK MIRING PADA BANGNAN YANG
MIRING
Struktur horizontal (balok dan lantai),
berbentuk kantilever terhadap core