UJIAN PRAKTEK BIOLOGI SMA

UJI MAKANAN
TUJUAN PENGAMATAN
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ALAT DAN BAHAN

1) Alat :
1. 4 tabung reaksi
2. Rak tabung reaksi
3. gelas beker
4. pipet
5. pembakar spiritus (beserta kaki tiga)
6. kertas sampul (warna cokelat)
7. Larutan Iodin
8. larutan biuret (karena larutan biuret tidak ada maka kami menggunakan NaOH [Natrium
hidroksida] ditambah dengan CuSO4 [Kupri Sulfat]).
9. larutan benedict (karena larutan benedict tidak ditemukan maka kami menggu- nakan Fehling A
ditambah dengan Fehling B).
2) Bahan :
1. Tepung kanji ½ sendok teh
2. Kuning telur 1 sendok teh
3. Minyak goreng 1 sendok teh
4. Gula ½ sendok teh
LANGKAH DAN CARA KERJA
1. Siapkan alat dan bahan eksperimen yang akan diuji.
2. Beri tanda masing – masing tabung reaksi dengan nama A, B, C, D.
3. Pisahkan bahan – bahan tadi. Masukkan Larutan Amilum (Tepung kanji) ke tabung A, Kuning Telur
ke tabung B, Gula ke tabung C, Minyak Goreng ke tabung D.
UJI AMILUM
● Masukkan beberapa tetes larutan iodin kedalam tabung reaksi A yang berisi larutan Amilum
(tepung kanji). Amati perubahan warna yang terjadi.
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UJI PROTEIN
● Masukkan beberapa tetes larutan Biuret (NaOH + CuSo4) kedalam tabung reaksi B yang berisi
Kuning telur. Amati perubahan warna yang terjadi. Larutan akan berubah menjadi warna ungu.
Warna ungu ini menandakan adanya protein.
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UJI GLUKOSA
● Masukkan beberapa tetes larutan Benedict (Fehling A + B) kedalam tabung reaksi C yang berisi
larutan Gula. Kemudian panaskan diatas pembakar spiritus. Amati perubahan warna yang terjadi.
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UJI LEMAK
Ada dua cara untuk menguji adanya lemak dalam suatu makanan yaitu secara sederhana dan secara
kompleks :
Uji lemak sederhana :
● Teteskan minyak goreng pada selembar kertas putih atau kertas sampul.
● Terawangkan kertas didepan cahaya sehingga cahaya dapat melewatinya.
● Jika bagian kertas yang ditetesi minyak goreng tembus cahaya maka minyak goreng tersebut
mengandung lemak.
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Uji lemak Kompleks :
● Tuangkan etanol pekat ke dalam tabung reaksi.
● Tambahkan satu atau dua tetes minyak goreng kedalam tabung reaksi D.
● Kocok tabung reaksi D.
● Tambahkan 1 ml air kedalam tabung reaksi. Kocok lagi.
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HASIL PENGAMATAN DAN PEMBAHASAN

1. Makanan Apa saja yang mengandung glukosa, amilum, protein, lemak ?
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2. Apakah semua larutan yang diuji mengandung glukosa, amilum, protein atau lemak ?
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KESIMPULAN
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 UJIAN PRAKTEK BIOLOGI SMA

ENZIM
Judul
● Eksperimen pengujian enzim katalase

Rumusan masalah
● Adakah pengaruh enzim katalase sebagai biokatalisator
Tujuan
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Hipotesis
● Enzim katalase berpengaruh terhadap penguraian racun H2O2
Alat dan bahan
Alat :
1. Rak tabung reaksi
2. 8 buah tabung reaksi
3. 2 buah pipet ukur
4. 2 buah tabung ukur
5. 5 buah gelas kimia
6. 1 pasang sarung tangan
7. 1 set penumbuk
8. Krek api
9. 1 buah pyrex
10. 1 buah kaki tiga
11. 1 buah kassa
12. 1 buah lampu spirtus
13. Penjepit tabung
14. Tissue
15. Jas lab
Bahan :
1. Hati ayam (secukupnya)
2. Daun papaya (secukupnya)
3. 5 ml larutan H2O2
4. 5 ml larutan HCl
5. 5 ml larutan KOH
6. Aquades secukupnyA

Cara Kerja
Ekstrak Hati Ayam
1. Haluskan (blender) hati ayam yang masih segar
2. Tuangkan ke dalam 4 tabung ukur masing-masing sebanyak 2 ml
 3. Simpan di rak tabung reaksi

Ekstrak Daun Pepaya

1. Masukkan daun papaya ke dalam tumbukan
2. Tumbuk hingga halus menggunakan ulekan
3. Setelah halus masukkan ke dalam tabung reaksi
4. Simpan di rak tabung reaksi
Larutan
1. Masukkan larutan KOH sebanyak 5 ml ke dalam gelas kimia
2. Masukkan larutan H202 sebanyak 5 ml ke dalam gelas kimia
3. Masukkan larutan HCl sebanyak 5 ml ke dalam gelas kimia
4. Masukkan air sebanyak 5 ml ke dalam gelas kimia

Eksperimen
Pastikan alat dan bahan sudah tersedia
Tabung A
1. Siapkan 2 ml ekstrak hati
2. Masukkan 2 ml larutan H2O2 ke dalam tabung reaksi tersebut
3. Segera tutup tabung reaksi menggunakan ibu jari (pastikan tabung benar-benar tertutup rapat)
4. Sementara anggota lain membakar lidi, sehingga muncul bara api
5. Sesudah bara api siap, buka perlahan-lahan tabung reaksi dan letakkan bara api di atas tabung
reaksi
6. Amati pembentukan gelembung pada tabung dan keadaan bara api
7. Catat dan potret perubahan yang terjadi
Tabung B
1. Masukkan 10 tetes HCl pekat ke dalam 2 ml larutan ekstrak hati
2. Ulangi langkah no. 2 s.d. 7 pada Tabung A
Tabung C
1. Masukkan 10 tetes KOH 20% ke dalam 2 ml ekstrak hati
2. Ulangi langkah no. 2 s.d. 7 pada Tabung A
Tabung D
1. Panaskan 2 ml ekstrak hati
2. Ulangi langkah no. 2 s.d. 7 pada Tabung A
Tabung E
1. Siapkan 2 ml ekstrak daun papaya
2. Ulangi langkah no. 2 s.d. 7 pada Tabung A
Hasil Pengamatan
NO PERLAKUAN JMLH GELEMBUNG GAS NYALA API
1 Ekstrak Hati + H2O2
2 Ekstrak Hati + HCl + H2O2
3 Ekstrak Hati + NaOH + H2O2
4 Ekstrak Hati + dipanaskan + H2O2

*) Ket :
 - bila tidak ada +++ bila banyak
+ bila sedikit ++++ bila banyak sekali
++ bila sedang
Pertanyaan
1. Dari kegiatan yang kamu lakukan, tentukan:
1. variable manipulasi : ______________________________________________________
2. variable kontrol : ______________________________________________________
3. variable respon : ______________________________________________________

2. Pada perlakuan manakah pembentukan gelembung gas paling banyak? Mengapa demikian?
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3. Gas apakah yang terbentuk dari reaksi ters ebut? Jelaskan berdasarkan hasil percobaan !
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4. Apakah peranan enzim katalase?

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5. Faktor apakah yang mempengaruhi kerja enzim katalase? Jelaskan berdasarkan hasil percobaan !
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6. Di dalam sel yang hidup dihasilkan peroksid (H2O2), dari peristiwa apakah dihasilkannya zat tersebut
dan apakah yang akan terjadi biladi dalam sel tidak ada enzim katalase?
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7. Berikan contoh enzim lain yang terlibat dalam proses metabolisme berikut peranannya !
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8. Jelaskan komponen yang menyusun enzim !

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9. Secara kimia, enzim yang langkap (holoenzim) tersusun atas dua bagian, yaitu bagian protein dan
bagian bukan protein
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10. Bagaimana sifat enzim ?

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11. Bagaimanakah cara kerja enzim?

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Kesimpulan

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UJIAN PRAKTEK BIOLOGI SMA

RESPIRASI

Tujuan
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Alat dan bahan

1. Respirometer sederhana
2. Timbangan
3. 2 ekor belalang (kumbang, capung, dll)
4. Kristal NaOH / KOH
5. Eosin / Tinta
6. Kapas / tissue
7. Pipet atau sirink

Cara kerja
1. Bungkuslah NaOH dengan tissue atau kapas, dan letakkan dalam tabung respirometer
2. Timbanglah berat 2 ekor serangga dan masukkan dalam tabung respirometer
3. Rangkai alat respirometer kemudian pada ujung pipa kapiler teteskan eosin, tutup dengan ibu jari
4. Amati dan catat perubahan kedudukan eosin pada pipa berskala setiap 2 menit selama 10 menit
5. Lakukan percobaan yang sama dengan dengan hewan yang beratnya berbeda
6. Catat hasil pengamatan pada tabel hasil pengamatan

Tabel Hasil Pengamatan

 Skala kedudukan eosin dalam 2 menit
Jenis Hewan Berat
I II III
JANGKRIK

Analisis Data
1. Apa yang menyebabkan terjadinya pergerakan pada eosin?
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2. Apa fungsi penambahan NaOH/KOH pada perangkat respirometer sederhana tersebut?

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3. Apakah ada kaitan antara berat badan serangga dengan kecepatan respirasinya? Jelaskan
Pendapatmu
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4. Apakah ada kaitan antara jenis serangga dengan kecepatan respirasinya? Jelaskan
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5. Rumuskanlah kesimpulanmu tentang percobaan ini!
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