PROJECT ON BALL-POINT PEN

• NAME OF TEACHER TRAINER:-

Miss Watanjot Kaur
NAME OF STUDENT TRAINER:-
Mrs Neelam

MADE BY:-

Nishu Nishta
• Jatinder Kaur
• Navpreet Kaur
• Class-9th A
• Name Of Science Teachers:-
• Mrs Nisha Puri
• Mrs Inderjeet Kaur
• Mrs Jaswant Kaur

INTRODUCTION OF BALL-POINT PEN

A ballpoint pen, also eponymously known in British English as a biro

(pronounced bye-row in Britain but sometimes bee-row elsewhere,
depending on location), is a modern writing instrument. Ballpoint pens have
an internal chamber filled with a viscous ink that is dispensed at the tip
during use by the rolling action of a small metal sphere (0.7 mm to 1 mm in
diameter); the ink dries almost immediately after contact with paper.
Inexpensive, reliable and maintenance-free, they have almost completely
replaced the fountain pen.

PICTURE OF BALL-POINT PEN

 HISTORY OF BALL-POINT PEN
• The modern ball point pen was invented in 1938 by the Argentine-Hungarian
journalist László Bíró. In the 1930s Bíró was working as the editor of a small
newspaper. Bíró was frustrated by the amount of time that he wasted in filling up
fountain pens and cleaning up smudged pages, and the sharp tip of his fountain pen
often tore his pages. Bíró had noticed that the type of ink used in newspaper printing
dried quickly, leaving the paper dry and smudge free. He decided to create a pen using
the same type of ink. Since, when tried, this viscous ink would not flow into a regular
fountain pen nib, Bíró—with the help of his brother George, a chemist—began to
work on designing new types of pens. Bíró fitted this pen with a tiny ball bearing in its
tip that was free to turn in a socket. As the pen moved along the paper, the ball rotated,
picking up ink from the ink cartridge and leaving it on the paper. Bíró filed a British
patent on 15 June, 1938.

TYPES OF BALL-POINT PENS

• There are two basic types of ball point pen: disposable and refillable.
• Disposable pens are chiefly made of plastic throughout and discarded when the ink is
consumed; refillable pens are metal or plastic and tend to be higher in quality and price.
The refill tends to replace the entire internal ink reservoir and ball point unit rather than
actually refilling it with ink.
 PARTS OF BALL-POINT PEN

GRIP AND FEEL

• Ballpoint pens have three characteristics that distinguish them from rollerball
systems. First, the ink flow increases with pressure. A rollerball will typically lay
down its line without pressure.
• Second, they write with the greatest ink flow when perpendicular to the paper, but
as the angle is increased the line width gradually decreases; at some angle, when
the edge of the ball socket brushes against the surface of the paper, the line width is
reduced to zero and the pen ceases to write. (By way of contrast, a rollerball pen
has a thin line when perpendicular to the paper, but the line width increases
suddenly as the angle is increased and a blob forms between the tip of the ball and
the edge of the socket.)
• Third, a ballpoint pen's ink is typically not as bright on paper as its liquid or gel ink
counterparts

MANUFACTURERS

• Manufacturers of ballpoint pens include:

• BIC Corporation
• Fisher Space Pen Co.
• Lamy
• Montblanc
• Papermate
• Parker
• Pelikan
• Pentel
• Pilot
• Staedtler
• Manufacturers of ballpoint inks include:
• Dokumental

TRIVIA

• The Al Faisalia skyscraper in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, takes the shape of

a ballpoint pen.
• The ballpoint pen drawing 'Inhuman Pyramid' is two meters tall, one
and a half meters wide, used up six ballpoint pens and took seven
months to complete.

THANX TO AIF DE PROGRAM

• PROJECT MADE BY STUDENTS OF GOVT. GIRLS SEN. SEC.

SCHOOL,PHILLAUR(DISTT JALANDHAR) WITH THE HELP OF
BOOKS OF SCIENCE AND INTERNET.