QUESTION AND ANSWER BANK

TO APPLY FOR A SKIPPER'S LICENSE

BAY SPORT SKIPPER'S LICENSE

Prepared at Base O'Higgins

December 2010

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 The purpose of the following document is to provide a basic and
simple tool that will allow those who must take the Bay Sport Skipper exam before
the Maritime Authority to operate a boat as a crew member of the O'Higgins Base,
in accordance with the legal and regulatory requirements in force.

References:

- D.L. No. 2.222 of 1978, Navigation Law.

- D.F.L. No. 292 of 1953, Organic Law of the General Directorate of Maritime
Territory and Merchant Marine.
- D.S. No. 1,340 of 1941, General Regulations for Order, Security and Discipline in
the Ships and Littoral of the Republic.
- D.S. No. 87, General Regulations for Nautical Sports.

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 NAVIGATION AND MANEUVERING
1. What is heel?
a.- The inclination that the vessel may have to port or starboard.
b.- The length of a vessel.
c.- The inclination that the vessel may have towards the bow or stern.
d.- A compass indicating magnetic North.

2. What is girding?
a.- Sail in the direction the wind is coming from.
b.- Sail in the direction the wind is blowing.
c.- Turn the vessel to receive the wind on the other side.
d.- Lower all sails.

3. What is arribar?
a.- Action of hoisting the sails.
b.- Rotate around a buoy.
c.- By means of the rudder, bring the bow into the wind.
d.- By means of the rudder, move the bow away from the direction from which the
wind is coming.

4. What is the stem?

a.- The tip of the stick.
b.- The part where an oar is taken to row.
c.- The sharp part of the bow of the vessel, from the deck to its keel.
d.- Metallic device used in the rigging.

5. What are bearings?

a.- Reinforcements that carry the sails in their cuffs.
b.- Devices that allow the wire standing rigging to be kept taut.
c.- Holes that allow the exit of water that may have entered the vessel.
d.- Devices designed to secure the oars to the boat while rowing.

6. What is luffing?
a.- By means of the rudder, bring the bow into the wind.
b.- By means of the rudder, move the bow away from the direction from which the
wind is coming.
c.- Rowing backwards.
d.- Use a movable keel to avoid capsizing.

7. What does it mean to sail a long way?

a.- To sail for a long time in the same direction.
b.- To sail with all sails set.
c.- To sail with the wind on one of the fins.
d.- Sailing with the wind just astern.

8. What does it mean to sail to donkey ears?

a.- Experiencing strong balances due to big waves.

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b.- To take an erratic course.
c.- Sailing with a reefing sash.
d.- To sail with the wind at the stern and a sail on each side.

9. What is windward?
a.- A strong and unexpected gust of wind.
b.- Where the wind is blowing.
c.- Crossing to the wind and sea.
d.- From where the wind comes.

10. What is leeward?

a.- A sudden calm of the wind.
b.- Where the wind is blowing.
c.- From where the wind comes.
d.- Gentle and favorable wind for navigation.

11. What is the fire?

a.- Light used during the night to indicate the position of the vessel.
b.- Sector of the interior of the vessel destined to prepare hot food.
c.- Orifice that allows the exit of the water that has entered the boat.
d.- Hole that allows the stick to pass through the deck.

12. Which sector of the vessel is the live work?

a.- That intended for the habitability of its crew members.
b.- Everything above the waterline.
c.- The part of the hull below the waterline.
d.- Where life preservers and safety elements are stored.

13. Which sector of the vessel is the dead work?

a.- The part of the hull below the waterline.
b.- The part of the hull above the waterline.
c.- The inner part of the bow, which is very difficult to access.
d.- All the wire rigging that secures the mast.

14. What is amura?

a.- A pronounced and momentary heeling of the vessel.
b.- One of the sectors between the block and the bow.
c.- One of the sectors between the stern and the block.
d.- An entanglement produced in a cape.

15. What is length?

a.- The length of a vessel or its dimension from its bow to its stern.
b.- The highest part of the pole.
c.- The width of a vessel.
d.- The distance from the waterline to the deepest part of the vessel.

16. What is the bichero?

a.- Sector of the interior of a vessel, where water and debris fallen inside the vessel
are collected.
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b.- Element used in the spinnaker maneuver to prevent the lines from rubbing
against the shrouds and forestay.
c.- Long oar used in certain boats as a rudder.
d.- Metallic or wooden tube used to pick up or bring items that have fallen into the
water or that are far away and cannot be reached with the arms.

17. What is the sleeve?

a.- The length of a vessel or its dimension from its bow to its stern.
b.- Low sector of the mainsail, which has a small pocket shape.
c.- The width of a vessel.
d.- Cover of the candles used to keep them protected.

18. What is draft?

a.- The length of a vessel or its dimension from its bow to its stern.
b.- Removed from the cover that allows the passage of the pole.
c.- The depth of the sea from its surface to the seabed.
d.- The distance from the waterline to the deepest part of the vessel.

19. What part of a boat is the fin?

a.- Everything that protrudes from the deck upwards.
b.- A metal part located under the keel.
c.- The sector between the block and the stern.
d.- The part of the rudder that is submerged in the water.

20. What does it mean to shrink?

a.- To present less war surface to the wind by putting the bow of the vessel to the
wind.
b.- To present less war surface to the wind by taking curls.
c.- To extract water from the interior of a vessel.
d.- Put in order all the ropes and rigging of the vessel.

21. Rigging is classified according to:

a.- Its use: firm and working.
b.- Its ore and matting: candle thread, merlin, meollar, piola, vaivén, guindaleza, etc.
c.- Their construction material: synthetic and natural.
d.- All of the above.

22. What are nerves?

a.- Fixed rigging, usually made of wire that runs along the deck over the side of the
vessel and helps the safety of the crew by preventing them from falling into the
water.
b.- Wire rigging, very taut, that secure the mast to the vessel.
c.- Small lines used to reduce the size of the sail when there is a lot of wind.
d.- Piece of pipe, usually metal, that is installed vertically on the sides of the deck to
form a "railing".

23. What is standing rigging?

a.- The wires, ropes and accessories used for hoisting and lowering the sails.

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b.- All the wire and chain rigging of a vessel.
c.- Interwoven wooden floor that avoids stepping on water.
d.- Shrouds and stays that make the rigging firm.

24. What is meant by the rigging of a vessel.

a.- The rigging
b.- rigging and sails
c.- Hardware and fittings
d.- All of the above.

25. What is the ore of a cape?

a.- The measure of its circumference.
b.- The measurement of its diameter.
c.- The measure of its length.
d.- The quality of the material from which it is made.

26. Define the operation of entaling:

a.- To make firm a guyte to a cleat
b.- Joining two strands of different ore
c.- To fasten a rope or chain to an anchor or buoy.
d.- None is correct.

27. The POLYAMIDE rigging whose characteristics are resistance and elasticity,
therefore it is very useful for:
a.- To be used as fathoms especially when using the spinnaker sail.
b.- To be used as nerves on deck.
c.- As a towing element.
d.- It is recommended to use it on the entire running rigging.

28. The following considerations should be kept in mind with rigging:

a.- When wet, they increase their rigidity.
b.- It is convenient to wash them with petroleum derivatives, such as benzine or
kerosene.
c.- They must often be subjected to stresses close to their breaking point, in order
to achieve their "stretching" and maintain their resistance.
d.- They should be kept in the sun as long as possible to maintain their flexibility
and not deteriorate.

29. What do you mean by drifting a vessel:

a.- Lower their sails.
b.- Vary its course with respect to the wind.
c.- Correct the course with respect to the wind.
d.- To go out of the track due to wind.

30. What is meant by tacking:

a.- Change course, passing the bow downwind of the wind.
b.- Change course, passing the stern downwind.
c.- Change course 180º degrees.

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d.- Adjust the course to achieve a higher speed.

31. What does it mean to adduct a corporal?

a.- Stretch it out to avoid the formation of cocas.
b.- Joining two of different menas
c.- Order it in successive laps in a determined place.
d.- None of the above.

32. What does it mean to skirt a cape?

a.- The action of ordering it on deck.
b.- Protect it with a seal in the place where it may be rubbed, to avoid wear and
tear.
c.- Make a special stitch on its ribbing (several turns with merlin) to prevent it from
unraveling.
d.- Stretch it and remove all its twists to avoid the formation of cocas.

33. What does it mean to charge a corporal?

a.- The action of picking up the part in band without making an effort on it.
b.- The action of ordering it on deck.
c.- Make a special stitching on its strap to prevent it from unraveling.
d.- The action of handing him over to prevent him from working.

34. The ends of a line are called:

a.- Chicotes.
b.- Tips.
c.- Gazas.
d.- Breasts.

35. Bitts are usually used for:

a.- Secure the standing rigging elements.
b.- Tie the halyards.
c.- To affirm the escutcheons.
d.- Secure the mooring lines.

36. To make a corporal firm is:

a.- Hold it firmly with both hands.
b.- Force it until it is taut and working.
c.- Secure your rope by means of a knot or tie.
d.- Weave it in such a way that it is equally tight as another one with which it must
work.

37. What is meant by "enfachar".

a.- Put the boat bow to the wind.
b.- Put the boat stern to the wind.
c.- To set the sails of a boat on a donkey's ear.
d.- Receive the wind through the block.

38. What does it mean to pull a line?

a.- Slightly loosen a line to prevent it from being cut.
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b.- To use force, that is, to pull it by means of a winch or windlass.
c.- Help it to run through a pocket, block, sprocket, sheave, etc.
d.- Weave it in such a way that it is equally tight as another one with which it must
work.

39. What does it mean to take turns at a cape?

a.- Secure your rope by means of a knot or tie.
b.- Order it in successive turns in a determined place, such as deck, reel, etc.
c.- Stretch it and remove all its turns to avoid the formation of cocas.
d.- It is to leave it firm, giving several round and eight turns with it to a cleat, bita,
etc.

40. What does lazcar un cabo mean?

a.- To loosen a certain amount of slack in a working line.
b.- To force, that is, to pull it.
c.- Weave it in such a way that it is equally tight as another one with which it must
work.
d.- Make a special stitching on its strap to prevent it from unraveling.

41. With which knot does the halyard make a firm connection to the sail handle?
a.- Guide Ace.
b.- Ballestrinque.
c.- Double Cote.
d.- Cote and Rosa simple.

42. If you had to tie the bichero, to retrieve it in case it falls into the water: With
which knot would you tie it?
a.- Guide Ace.
b.- Ballestrinque.
c.- Buoy turn
d.- Simple Margarita.

43. Which knot is used in the whips of the capes? What for?
a.- A cote to avoid sagging.
b.- An eight or lasca, to avoid that in an oversight, they are returned or run and pass
through a motón, cuadernal, cancamo, ollao or roldana.
c.- A cushion to prevent them from being thrown back or running and passing
through a block, block, eyebolt, eyebolt or sheave in the event of carelessness.
d.- An eight to avoid sagging.

44. What knot would you use to temporarily reinforce a worn rope?
a.- Double Cote.
b.- Margarita.
c.- Ballestrinque.
d.- Guide Ace.

45. You must anchor your small boat in a depth of approximately 8 meters, but the
anchor is attached to a chain of only 3 meters. Since you have a sufficiently long

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and sturdy rope, you decide to attach it to the chain: Which knot do you use to
attach the rope to the chain?
a.- Turn of buoy.
b.- Flag knot.
c.- Ballestrinque.
d.- Guide Ace.

46. What knot would you use to join two strands of similar mesh?
a.- Plain
b.- Guide Ace
c.- Cote
d.- Lasca or eight.

47. What is a moton?

a.- A handle-shaped element of metal or other resistant material used to transmit
the force of the arms to the winches.
b.- An element made of wood, metal or other resistant material, which, by means of
a sheave inside it, serves to change the direction of a line being worked through it.
c.- Element made of wood, metal or other resistant material, used to secure the
mooring lines of a vessel.
d.- A series of turns that are occasionally taken on a line and that prevent or make it
difficult to work with.

48. What is a snatch block?

a.- A three-county unit.
b.- A very sturdy metallic block that is preferably used on deck.
c.- It is the flat face of a moton.
d.- It is a type of capstan that has the particularity of being able to open one of its
jaws to allow working the breast of a rope through its sheave, without having to put
its sheave through the pocket.

49. What is a rig?

a.- To make a quick and tight turn with the boat, with the purpose of making a
backwater or calm in the water. It is normally performed to pick up a man or object
that has fallen overboard.
b.- A maneuver intended to leave all the sails trimmed and working evenly, so that
the vessel has no tendency to luff or to come alongside.
c.- A combination of blocks and frames with a line that is worked through its pockets
and whose purpose is to reduce the effort required to lift a weight, set a sheet, set a
boom, etc,
d.- Tool in the form of a rake with an extended handle, designed to throw away
water that may accumulate on the deck of a boat.

50. What is a royal rig?

a.- A ladder that is located on the side of large vessels and ships, which allows the
docking of other vessels or boats and serves to comfortably board.
b.- A rig made up of two frames of two or more pockets each.
c.- A rig of large dimensions.

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d.- To make a double turn, in the shape of an eight, fast and closed with the boat,
with the purpose of making a backwater or calm in the water. It is normally
performed to pick up a man or object that has fallen overboard.

51. What item is normally installed on deck at the clew point of the jib or genoa?
a.- A moton.
b.- A sheave.
c.- A cashier.
d.- Any of the above.

52. How many strands does a rig have?

a.- Two
b.- Four
c.- The same number of pockets in both sides of the rig.
d.- Half the number of pockets in both sides of the rig.

53. What is the boom-vang for?

a.- To tie the sail to the mast.
b.- To secure the tiller to the rudder.
c.- To indicate wind direction.
d.- To hold the boom on deck to prevent it from lifting with the force of the wind on
the sail.

54. What is a monotype boat?

a.- To those of a single sail.
b.- Those operating with only one crew member.
c.- Those that can be transported on land by only one person.
d.- All of the above.

55. What is meant by gybing?

a.- Change of course of the vessel.
b.- Make a tacking tack.
c.- When making a round tack, the sails and boom change sides.
d.- Brake the boat, leaving the sails loose.

56. OPTIMIST type vessels:

a.- They are special for sailing in strong winds and in breaking waves performing
daring acrobatics.
b.- They are specially designed for children and are widely used in sailing schools
for minors.
c.- They are special for trips, if the mast is removed they are transformed into a boat
that can use an outboard motor or oars.
d.- They have a very hydrodynamic, rounded hull, little freeboard and a single sail.

57. LASER type vessels:

a.- They are special for sailing in strong winds and in breaking waves performing
daring acrobatics.
b.- They are specially designed for children and are widely used in sailing schools

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for minors.
c.- They are special for trips, if the mast is removed they are transformed into a boat
that can use an outboard motor or oars.
d.- They have a very hydrodynamic, rounded hull, little freeboard and a single sail.

58. Vagabond type vessels:

a.- They are special for sailing in strong winds and in breaking waves performing
daring acrobatics.
b.- They are specially designed for children and are widely used in sailing schools
for minors.
c.- They are special for trips, if the mast is removed they are transformed into a boat
that can use an outboard motor or oars.
d.- They have a very hydrodynamic, rounded hull, little freeboard and a single sail.

59. Indicate which term does not correspond to a part of the candle:
a.- Halyard Fist
b.- Sheaths
c.- Relinga
d.- Carlinga.

60. What do you understand by viada?

a.- Stopped vessel.
b.- Vessel suitable to the wind.
c.- Lateral sliding of a vessel.
d.- Navigation with certain inertia forward or backward.

61. What is the rudder used for?

a.- To know in which direction the magnetic North is located.
b.- To maintain the desired direction of travel of the vessel.
c.- To achieve a higher speed without excessive heeling.
d.- To know who is in charge of the vessel.

62. Which of the definitions of rudder and tiller is correct?

a.- The rudder is a vertical wheel that moves the tiller when turned.
b.- The tiller is a movable "fin" that is submerged in the water and the rudder is a
handle that allows the rudder to move.
c.- The rudder is a movable "fin" that is submerged in the water and the tiller is a
handle that allows the rudder to move.
d.- No difference, it is a different denomination for the same thing.

63. Some sport sailboats use a hinged tiller extension, the purpose of which is:
a.- Allow the helmsman to stand at the gunwale and counterbalance the boat,
especially when sailing upwind.
b.- Allow the helmsman to use the rudder as an "oar", moving it more quickly and
easily from one side to the other, especially in races and in light winds.
c.- Allow to make greater force to the rudder.
d.- All of the above.

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64. What do you understand by turning around?
a.- Change course by passing the bow downwind.
b.- Change course by passing the stern downwind.
c.- Change course 180º degrees.
d.- Change course 360º degrees.

65. Some sport sailboats use a folding or collapsible rudder. In this regard, it is
correct:
a.- It has the great advantage of being able to approach the beach and beach the
vessel without damaging the rudder.
b.- Allows you to quickly change the type of rudder to be used depending on wind
conditions.
c.- It has the disadvantage that it is difficult to fall to windward, that is, to luff. d.- All
of the above.

66. When boats are moored to a dock, sometimes they pass moorings by elbow
brace, this means:
a.- Pass the mooring lines over the bow of a vessel.
b.- Pass the moorings along the side of a vessel.
c.- Pass the moorings aft of a vessel.
d.- Add more spies to the moorings.

67. The correct mixture in a 2-stroke outboard engine in a 25 liter tank is:
a.- 23 lt of benzine and 2 lt oil
b.- 24 lts benzine and 1 lt oil
c.- 24.5 lts benzine and 0.5 lts oil
d.- 12.5 lts gasoline and 12.5 lts oil.

68. The gear shift lever of an outboard motor, normally: a.- It is a kind of long
handle, with a rotating handle at its end (throttle) and it is located at the front left or
port side of the motor. b.- Consists of a pin located at the rear of the motor, which
must always be in the ratchet position to prevent the motor from lifting.
c.- It is located on the right or starboard side of the engine, it is short, bent upwards
and has 3 positions.
d.- It is always located on the left or port side of the engine, is short and has only
two positions: forward or aft.

69. Before starting an outboard motor, among other safety measures, it is

necessary to verify that:
a.- The engine is firm to the mirror, propeller is clear, intake is under water, reverse
lock lever is engaged, gear shift lever in neutral, throttle with a small amount of
throttle.
b.- All of the above plus: fuel tank with ideal mixture and sufficient quantity, open
breather, primed circuit (pumping the bulb).
c.- All of the above (a and b) except that the reverse locking lever must never be
locked.
d.- All of the above (a and b) except that the gear shift lever must be in forward or
reverse.

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70. After starting an outboard motor and also during operation it should be
checked:
a.- That the cooling system is working, seeing that a small jet of water comes out
aft.
b.- That the cooling system is working, touching with the hand the upper part of the
engine cover to check that it is warm.
c.- That the tank vent is well closed, to prevent the fuel from being contaminated
with water.
d.- a and c are correct.

71. What is the function of the gear shift lever in neutral?

a.- Keeps the propeller rotating with a minimum of revolutions either in forward or
reverse direction. It is very useful for mooring or approaching another vessel.
b.- Allows fuel savings during long navigations.
c.- Allows the engine to run without the propeller turning.
d.- The gear shift lever does not have a neutral position.

72. What is the function of the choke?

a.- Alters the air-fuel mixture (decreases the amount of fuel), which aids starting
with a cold engine.
b.- Enriches the air-fuel mixture (decreases the amount of air), which helps the
engine to start when cold.
c.- Eliminates the air in the fuel circuit or hoses that go from the fuel tank to the
engine.
d.- It is like an overdrive and allows to give more speed to the boat, but it should not
be used for a long time.

73. In some outboard engines What is the VRO system?

a.- A Variable Range (or distance) Operation system, which allows adjusting the
optimum speed to navigate a given distance.
b.- A system that increases or decreases the maximum engine speed depending on
the engine temperature.
c.- A system that prevents damage to the propeller by automatically lifting the motor
leg and stops the motor if it bottoms out.
d.- A system in some engines that automatically mixes benzine with oil.

74. What happens if a fuel mixture becomes too rich (with too much oil)?
a.- It can melt the motor.
b.- It allows to develop a higher maximum speed.
c.- The spark plugs become "fouled", the engine loses power and stops.
d.- Nothing happens, only more money is spent as the mix is less efficient.

75. What happens if a fuel mixture becomes very lean (low oil)?
a.- It can melt the motor.
b.- It prevents the development of a higher maximum speed.
c.- The spark plugs become "fouled", the engine loses power and stops.
d.- Nothing happens, only more money is spent as the mix is less efficient.

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76. The zinc anode that outboard motors have in the submerged part of its leg is
used for:
a.- Avoid damage to the propeller due to cavitation.
b.- To avoid corrosion caused by galvanic currents.
c.- Avoid damage to the propeller when it touches the bottom or another object.
d.- Prevent algae and mollusks from attaching to the motor leg, especially in the
cooling water suction.

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77. A problem that occasionally happens when you are not very experienced in
handling outboard motors is that you "choke" when trying to start it, especially when
the engine is cold. If this happens, the most convenient thing to do is:
a.- Activate the choke to the maximum, accelerate to the maximum about three
times and start the engine quickly and repeatedly with the rope or electrically.
b.- Calm down and wait about ten minutes. Then try again with the throttle and
choke at full throttle.
c.- Deactivate the choke or choke, disconnect the fuel hose, accelerate to the
maximum and start the engine with the rope or electrically about three times: the
engine will not start but the excess fuel will come out from inside the engine. After
waiting a few minutes, connect the fuel hose, prime with the bulb, keep the choke
deactivated, accelerate very slightly and start the engine again.
d.- Take the engine to a technical service because it is a serious failure that can
cause great damage to the engine.

78. On beaches, lakeshores and in general in the vicinity of the coast, the safety
area reserved for bathers is :
a.- From the shore up to 100 meters into the water.
b.- From the shore up to 150 meters into the water.
c.- From the shore up to 50 meters into the water.
d.- From the shore up to 200 meters into the water.

79. On beaches, lake shores and in general in the vicinity of the coast, the safety
area reserved for rowing boats is :
a.- From the shore up to 100 meters into the water.
b.- From the shore up to 150 meters into the water.
c.- From 100 meters to 200 meters into the water.
d.- From 100 meters into the water.

80. On beaches, lakeshores and in general in the vicinity of the coast, the safety
area reserved for sailboats is :
a.- From the shore up to 100 meters into the water.
b.- From 200 meters into the water.
c.- From 100 meters to 200 meters into the water.
d.- From 100 meters into the water.

81. On beaches, lake shores and in general in the vicinity of the coast, the safety
area reserved for motorized boats is : a.- From 100 meters from the shore towards
the interior of the water.
b.- From 150 meters from the shore into the water.
c.- From 200 meters from the shore into the water.
d.- From 500 meters into the water.

82. The minimum safety equipment that a bay sport boat must carry is:
a.- A type III lifejacket for each person on board, a bailer and a whistle.
b.- A type III lifejacket and a bailer.
c.- Only one life jacket for each person on board.

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d.- Only one life jacket for each person on board, which may be replaced by a
neoprene suit or other similar material that provides buoyancy.

83. It is recommended for bay sport boats navigating in inlets, as well as in

navigable rivers and lakes, which have a protected house or cabin:
a.- It is not necessary to carry communications equipment.
b.- Carry a fixed HF equipment with digital selective calling, to maintain a link on the
working channel with your yacht club or marina from which you operate.
c.- Carry a portable HF equipment without digital selective calling, to maintain
liaison on the working channel with your yacht club or marina from which you
operate.
d.- Carry a fixed or portable VHF equipment without digital selective calling, to
maintain a link on the working channel with your yacht club or marina from which
you operate.

84. Borneo Radius is understood to mean:

a.- VHF communications equipment.
b.- Pacific Satellite Communications Equipment.
c.- Circular movement due to the effect of the wind and/or current whose pivot point
is the anchor or buoy and its radius is the anchor chain or anchor spy.
d.- Nautical term used to request a sailing and a destination.

85. What is meant by the term weighing anchor:

a.- It is the maneuver of turning the chain or spy.
b.- It is the maneuver of delivering the chain or spy.
c.- It is the action of washing with water the anchor with mud.
d.- Consists of stretching the bottom chain.

86. What do you mean by propeller pitch:

a.- Propeller diameter.
b.- It is the distance that a propeller advances when making a turn.
c.- It is the volume of water displaced by each propeller blade.
d.- It is the total amount of water that displaces the propeller.

87. If you face large waves with the motorboat you should:
a.- Increase the speed to produce the "glide" effect on the waves.
b.- Stop the engine.
c.- Reduce speed and avoid "hitting" the boat against the waves.
d.- Always put the stern in the direction of the wave.

88. In case the boat capsizes, is semi-sunken and the crew member or members
are in the water, the most advisable is:
a.- Attempt to return it to its normal position and if this is not possible, remain
alongside the boat, as still as possible, and if possible, get on it.
Collect all lines and other maneuvers that may be in the water.
b.- Move away from the boat, take off your warm clothing and swim to shore as
quickly as possible.

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c.- Attempt to return it to its normal position and if this is not possible, remain
alongside the boat, shaking vigorously and if possible climb on it. Leave as many
lines and other maneuvers in the water as possible so that you have something to
hold on to until rescue arrives.
d.- Move quickly away from the boat, take off your clothes and swim slowly towards
the shore.

89. The most important safety element for human life in the water is: a.- Flares and
other pyrotechnics to signal a dangerous situation.
b.- Appropriate warm clothing and waterproof clothing to avoid chilling.
c.- Whistle, flashlight and knife.
d.- Life jacket.

90. The safety harness is:

a.- A wire that runs from bow to stern, on both sides of the boat, and that allows the
crew members to hold on to avoid falling into the water in bad weather.
b.- A type of seat, similar to a swing, on which a crew member sits to be hoisted to
the mast by means of a halyard.
c.- A device composed of straps and buckles, which is worn around the waist and
thorax and which, by means of safety ropes or straps with quick release hooks at
the ends, allows the crew members to remain fastened to the vessel.
d.- A device that is placed on the outer side of yacht berths to allow crew members
to rest without worrying about falling while sleeping or resting.

91. If you are in command of a 5 meter long, inflatable, rigid hulled boat with
outboard engine, when would you order the crew or passengers to wear life
jackets?
a.- Always
b.- When there is a swell that generates dangerous movements to the vessel.
c.- When high speeds or sharp turns are to be made.
d.- b and c are correct.

92. The safety harness is used:

a.- In oceanic navigations, when maneuvers must be made during the night, even in
good weather conditions.
b.- In bad weather conditions, both in oceanic and coastal navigations and either by
day or night.
c.- In some smaller sailboats to make counterweight with the body and thus
contribute to keep the boat upright.
d.- All of the above.

93. What are halyards?

a.- Ropes used to reduce the size of the sail when there is a lot of wind.
b.- Fixed wires that hold the pole to both sides.
c.- Ropes used to hoist the sails.
d.- Ropes used to attach the boom to the deck.

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94. What is the function of the battens?
a.- They help to keep a sail's footrope stretched.
b.- They help to keep the rudder in position, preventing it from falling into the water.
c.- Indicate the apparent wind speed and direction.
d.- They indicate the speed of the vessel and the depth of the sea.

95. What are gags?

a.- Devices that allow a rope to be held taut and firm.
b.- Handles used to work manually with winches.
c.- Devices that allow the working direction of a rope to be varied.
d.- Seams that are made on the ropes' whips to prevent them from unraveling.

96. What are the ballots for?

a.- Safety elements to prevent a crew member from falling into the water.
b.- Lines used to hoist the sails.
c.- Ropes used to present the sail in the best shape to the wind.
d.- Wires used to fix the mast to the deck.

97. What are shrouds?

a.- Safety wires to prevent a crew member from falling into the water.
b.- Fixed wires that hold the pole to both sides.
c.- Fixed wires that support the mast towards the bow and stern.
d.- Metallic pieces used to make the ropes firm.

98. What are lanyards?

a.- Metallic devices that join the anchor to the chain.
b.- Metallic devices that allow adjusting the length of a wire and keeping it taut.
c.- Mechanical devices that help to tack a sheet.
d.- Mechanical devices that help to weigh anchor.

99. What is the function of the stays?

a.- They secure the mast fore and aft.
b.- They hold the stick towards the bands.
c.- They allow to reduce the size of the sail when there is a lot of wind.
d.- They indicate the apparent wind direction.

100. What is the purpose of the curl-taking maneuver?

a.- To reduce the sail area exposed to the wind.
b.- To reduce heel in strong winds.
c.- To prevent the sail from reefing in strong winds.
d.- All of the above.

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 BASIC NAVIGATION
1 The instrument used in navigation for orientation is called:
a.- Slider.
b.- Magnetic Compass.
c.- Echo sounder.
d.- Scandallo.

2 Which elements belong to a magnetic compass?

a.- Corrector magnets.
b.- Magnetic needle.
c.- Graduated rose.
d.- All of the above.

3 What do you understand by embroidery?

a.- To present the gunwale to the wind (sailing in zig-zag, with closed angles to the
wind).
b.- Present the gunwale to the waves.
c.- Path traveled by a vessel while it is not turning.
d.- All incorrect.

4 The direction indicated by the magnetic compass corresponds to:

a.- Magnetic North.
b.- Magnetic meridian.
c.- North Pole.
d.- Magnetic equator.

5 What is the use of a navigational chart?

a.- Indicate the vessels navigating in the area.
b.- To know the weather conditions.
c.- Plot courses, measure distances and fix positions.
d.- To present it to the Maritime Authority.

6 What information do you find in the Nautical Charts?

a.- Description of the coast.
b.- Description and facilities of the ports.
c.- Soundings, bottom quality, currents, magnetic variation, lighthouses,
shipwrecks, submerged rocks, among others.
d.- Maritime traffic.

7 On nautical charts distances are measured in:

a.- Length scale on the left and right vertical margin.
b.- Latitude scale in the upper and lower horizontal margins.
c.- Length scale in the upper and lower horizontal margin.
d.- Latitude scale in the left and right vertical margin.

8 Indicate what it means to navigate to the block:

a.- When it receives the wind on an angle of 90º of its longitudinal axis.

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b.- When it receives the wind at the tack.
c.- When it receives the wind through the fin.
d.- When it receives the wind from the stern.

9 The cost estimate is used for:

a.- Measure distance sailed.
b.- Measure tides.
c.- Measure depths and bottom quality.
d.- Measuring draughts.

10 The echo sounder is an instrument used for:

a.- Measure the current.
b.- Measure the tide.
c.- Measure the rainfall.
d.- Measure the depth.

11 The magnetic compass is used for:

a.- To govern magnetic course.
b.- Measure the magnetism of the vessel.
c.- Take demarcations and magnetic heights.
d.- Set the vessel's course and the distance to be sailed.

12 Which definition of navigation is the most accurate?

a.- Science that allows orientation at sea.
b.- Science that studies marine species.
c.- Science dedicated to the study of currents.
d.- Science that allows to know the movement of the stars.

13 What are meridians?

a.- Imaginary circles parallel to the Equator.
b.- Lines to be navigated.
c.- Imaginary circles passing through the poles.
d.- Circles parallel to the poles.

14 What are parallels?

a.- Imaginary circles passing through the poles.
b.- Imaginary circles parallel to the Equator.
c.- Maritime lines.
d.- Imaginary lines running from North to South.

15 The depth indicated on the chart is measured from:

a.- The lowest-lowest tide.
b.- The mean between low and high tide.
c.- The highest tide.
d.- The tide present when the measurement was taken.

16 The angle between the magnetic meridian and geographic meridian is defined
as:
a.- Magnetic heading.
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b.- Magnetic deviation.
c.- Magnetic variation.
d.- Magnetic difference.

17 What is the counter current?

a.- Galvanic current produced by the friction of water.
b.- Current that carries the opposite direction to the general current.
c.- Movement of a current towards the coast.
d.- Movement of a current upstream.

18 How long is a nautical mile?

a.- 1852 meters.
b.- 1582 meters.
c.- 2000 meters.
d.- 1000 meters.

19 What is low tide?

a.- Maximum tide level.
b.- Intermediate tide level.
c.- Relative tide level.
d.- Minimum level reached by the tide.

20 What is high tide?

a.- Maximum level reached by the tide.
b.- Minimum level reached by the tide.
c.- Intermediate level reached by the tide.
d.- Relative level reached by the tide.

21 What are the veriles?

a.- Lines of equal depth on a nautical chart.
b.- Tide and current data on a nautical chart.
c.- Nautical publications.
d.- Information on the composition of the seabed.

22 One minute measured on the latitude scale corresponds to:

a.- 2,000 yds.
b.- 1,852 yds.
c.- 2.000 mts.
d.- none is correct. (1 minute = 1 nautical mile = 1852 mts)

23 The beacons are:

a.- Structures fixed to the bottom or rocks
b. - There are blind (without light) and luminous
c.- They are used to signal a danger to navigation and also to indicate a direction or
course.
d.- All of the above.

24 How are the meridians numbered?

a.- At 90° South Meridian and 90° North Meridian, being 000° its origin the Equator.
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b.- At 90° South Meridian and 90° North Meridian, the origin 000º being a point in
England called Greenwich.
c.- At 180° East Meridian and 180 West Meridian, the origin 000º being a point in
England called Greenwich.
d.- In 180° East Meridians and 180 West Meridians, being the 000° or origin the
Equator.

25 How are the parallels listed?

a.- In 180° parallel North and 180° parallel South, being the 0° parallel, the Equator.
b.- At 90° parallel North and 90° parallel South, being the 0° parallel, the Equator.
c.- At 90° parallel East and 90° parallel West, being the parallel 000º, a point in
England called Greenwich.
d.- At 180° East and 180° West parallels, being the parallel 000°, a point in England
called Greenwich.

26 Indicate what you understand by "garreo".

a.- When the anchor hits bottom.
b.- When the anchor starts from the bottom.
c.- When the anchor drags on the bottom, due to wind and/or current.
d.- When the anchor "works" on a sandy bottom.

27 Which instrument measures the intensity of the wind:

a.- Horometer.
b.- Anemometer.
c.- Stopwatch.
d.- Barometer.

28 Indicate which expression is correct.

a.- 1 nautical mile = 10 cables=2000 yds. = 1852.25 mts.
b.- 1 nautical mile =100 cables=2000 yds. = 1852.25 mts.
c.- 1 nautical mile = 10 cables = 200 yds. = 1609.3 mts.
d.- 1 nautical mile = 100 cables = 200 yds. = 1609.3 mts.

29 Indicate what is equivalent to 1 knot of speed.

a) One nautical mile.
b) One kilometer per hour.
c) One nautical mile per hour.
d) One kilometer.

30 If you hear 2 short whistles from another vessel, it means:

a.- "I fall to port".
b.- "Man overboard".
c.- "Danger".
d.- "I fall to starboard".

31 Rules of navigation are:

a.- Local agreements for navigational safety.
b.- Only applies to larger vessels.

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c.- International agreements to provide safety of navigation.
d.- In certain cases it also applies to small vessels.

32 What is the symbol on a chart that indicates "submerged rock"?

33 What is the symbol on a chart that indicates "Rock outcropping at low tide"?

34 Indicate which symbol on a nautical chart indicates "recommended anchorage".

35 In maneuvering and warning signals, how do you indicate, "I fall to port?
a.- 1 short sound .
b.- 2 short sounds.
c.- 3 short sounds .
d.- 5 short sounds .

36 In maneuvering and warning signals, how do you indicate, "I fall to starboard?
a.- 5 short sounds.
b.- 1 short sound.
c.- 2 short sounds .
d.- 3 short sounds .

37 In maneuver and warning signals, how do you indicate, "I reverse full force"?
a.- 3 short sounds .
b.- 5 short sounds.
c.- 2 short sounds .
d.- 1 short sound .

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38 In acoustic signals with reduced visibility, what does 1 long sound at intervals
no longer than 2 minutes mean?
a.- Vessel at anchor indicating its position
b.- Mechanical propulsion vessel in motion (sailing).
c.- Mechanically propelled vessel without movement
d.- Identification sign for pilot vessels in operation.

39 In acoustic signals with reduced visibility, what does 2 long sounds at intervals
of no more than 2 minutes mean?
a.- Vessel at anchor indicating its position.
b.- Mechanical propulsion vessel in motion.
c.- Mechanical propulsion vessel without movement (stationary and not sailing).
d.- Identification sign for pilot vessels in operation.

40 The mechanically propelled vessels, in navigation, shall keep out of the path of
the following:
a.- A vessel under sail.
b.- A vessel with restricted maneuverability.
c.- A vessel dedicated to fishing.
d.- All are correct.

41 Sailing vessels, when navigating, shall keep clear of the path of:
a.- A vessel without steering.
b.- A vessel with restricted maneuverability.
c.- A vessel dedicated to fishing.
d.- All are correct.

42 In a narrow channel, on which side should boats be kept? a.- On the right side
of the same.
b.- On the left side of the same.
c.- Through the center of the same.
d.- It does not matter which side you navigate on.

43 When sailing 2 sailboats receiving the wind from the same side
Which one governs ?
a.- The one to windward steers by separating from the course of the sailboat to
leeward.
b.- The leeward helmsman steers by separating from the course of the sailboat to
windward.
c.- Steer both sailboats at the same time.
d.- Depends on the sailing speed of both sailboats.

44 A vessel catching up with another vessel Who steers to keep clear and what
signals does he give?
a.- The reaching vessel blows 1 whistle indicating I fall to port.
b.- The reaching vessel blows 2 whistles indicating I fall to starboard.
c.- The vessel that is hit, blows 2 whistles indicating fall to port.
d.- The reaching vessel blows 2 whistles indicating I fall to port.

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45 Two ships meeting directly across the bow, which one falls to keep clear and
what signals does it give?
a.- They fall each to port and blow 2 whistles.
b.- They fall each to starboard and blow 1 whistle.
c.- One falls to port, the other to starboard with 2 and 1 blast respectively.
d.- All incorrect.

46 Who governs when a vessel meets a sailboat?

a.- The vessel.
b.- The sailboat.
c.- Both.
d.- None.

47 Which of these signs is a danger sign?

a.- Alpha Flag.
b.- Zulu Flag.
c.- Hand flare that produces a red light.
d.- Permanent green light on the stern.

48 The sidelights of a ship are indicated by the following colors:

a.- Starboard blue - Port green.
b.- Starboard green - Port red.
c.- Starboard red - Port green.
d.- Starboard white - Port red.

49 If you have sighted both lights of a steamer over the bow, you must...":
a.- "Fall to starboard revealing your incarnate".
b.- "Continue on the same course".
c.- "Moderate, stop or back off".
d.- "Fall to port".

50 If he gives green with green or incarnate with its equal, then...":

a.- "You must be careful to act or stop...".
b.-" Nothing is lost, follow each one's course".
c.- "You must fall to port..."
d.- "You must fall to starboard...".

51 A risk of collision is considered to exist if.

a.- The demarcation of an approaching vessel does not change.
b.- The demarcation of an approaching vessel varies from bow to stern.
c.- The demarcation of an approaching vessel varies from stern to bow. d.- The
demarcation of an approaching vessel varies appreciably.

52 Any vessel that catches up with another vessel:

a.- Shall remain behind the overtaken vessel until it passes.
b.- It shall be kept away from its starboard side.
c.- It shall be kept away from its port side.
d.- It shall be kept out of the vessel's path.

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 MARITIME REGULATIONS
1 Indicate the regulations governing nautical sports activities in Chile:
a.- Navigation Law.
b.- Regulations on Training, Qualification and Professional Career of Embarked
Personnel.
c.- General Regulations for Order, Safety and Discipline on Ships and Shorelines of
the Republic.
d.- General Regulation of Nautical Sports.

2 What are the Maritime Authorities:

a.- The General Director of the Maritime Territory and Merchant Marine.
b.- The Maritime Governors.
c.- Port Captains.
d.- All of the above.

3 What is meant by Bay Sport Vessel:

a.- Those suitable to go from one point to another of the coast.
b.- Those whose design is suitable for navigating in protected waters.
c.- Those whose equipment allows them to navigate up to 12 M.N.
d.- That which has no restrictions on sailing distances.

4 That it understands by Nautical Artifact:

a.- Mechanical propulsion vessel.
b.- Small craft propelled by sail.
c.- Non-propelled apparatus used for the practice of nautical sports.
d.- Rowing boat.

5 Indicate which of the Nautical Sport Licenses of navigation is the correct one: a.-
Sport Captain of High Sea.
b.- Coastal Sports Skipper.
c.- Bay Sport Captain.
d.- All are correct.

6 The Director of the Maritime Territory and Merchant Marine, by resolution, grants
the License of:
a.- Bay Sport Skipper.
b.- Self-employed Sport Diver.
c.- High Seas Sport Captain.
d.- All of the above.

7 Nautical Sport Licenses granted by other countries....

a.- They will not be recognized in Chile.
b.- They shall be recognized with limitations.
c.- Only with specific agreements subscribed.
d.- They will be recognized in Chile according to their equivalence.

8 Indicate the correct age requirement:

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a.- Bay Skipper, 14 years old.
b.- Coastal Sport Captain, 18 years old.
c.- High Seas Sport Captain, 21 years old.
d.- a and b are correct.

9 The applicant to Bay Sport Skipper shall:

a.- To take a theoretical and practical examination on navigation and maneuvering,
basic navigation, basic maritime regulations and boat handling (practical
examination).
b.- Only theoretical examinations.
c.- Practical examination only.
d.- to and restricted communications operator .

10 Small Ships are understood to be:

a.- Greater than 50 TRG.
b.- Equal to or less than 50 TRG.
c.- All sports.
d.- All those propelled by sail.

11 Minor vessels are registered in:

a.- Maritime Governorships.
b.- General Directorate of Maritime Territory and Merchant Marine.
c.- Port Captaincy.
d.- Any of the above.

12 Sport boats that sail less than 24 hours and whose departure and arrival is in
the same port:
a.- Shall not require a sailing permit.
b.- The permission will be granted by the Harbormaster's Office or Mayor of Sea of
the nautical entity.
c.- It must be 24 hours in advance.
d.- Must be in writing or in person at the Port Captaincy.

13 The one-sail and single-handed boats of the Optimist type will require: a.-
Nautical License of Skipper of Bay.
b.- They shall require a permit to sail.
c.- No restrictions.
d.- Supervision of an instructor with Nautical Sport License.

14 Motorboats, such as jet skis or jet skis:

a.- They require to be registered before the Port Captaincy.
b.- They have no limitation of practice from the beach.
c.- The minimum age is 14 years old.
d.- a and c are correct.

15 Indicate the minimum equipment of a bay sport boat:

a.- Lifejacket, whistle and a bailer.
b.- Red and green flares.

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c.- VHF communications equipment.
d.- Flag game.

16 The Certificate of Navigability is valid for a period of:

a.- 1 year.
b.- 4 years.
c.- 6 years.
d.- 8 years.

17 Navigation in motor boats under 10 HP:

a.- They do not require a sports license.
b.- They require a sport license at least of Bay Sport Skipper.
c.- They have no navigation restrictions.
d.- They do not require any safety equipment.

18 The minors to opt for the Bay Sport Skipper's License: a.- They will not be able
to obtain a sport license.
b.- From 14 to 18 years of age, authorization from the parent or guardian is
required.
c.- Require authorization from the parent or guardian.
d.- They do not require authorization from the parent or guardian.

19 Other background information to be submitted by the applicant for the Bay

Sport Skipper license:
a.- Background certificate.
b.- Medical Certificate that accredits to possess the physical conditions for the
exercise of the nautical activity.
c.- Identity card.
d.- b and c are correct.

20 The Maritime Authority, according to the results or courses of competence may:

a.- To grant Nautical Sport License.
b.- Not to grant Nautical Sport License.
c.- Repeat examinations.
d.- All of the above.

21 Mandatory equipment to operate a jet ski is:

a.- Helmet.
b.- Neoprene wetsuit.
c.- Life Jacket.
d.- No equipment required.

22 The jet ski must:

a.- To register at the Port Captaincy.
b.- No registration is required.
c.- Requires license to the operator.
d.- a and c are correct.

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23 The propulsion system of a jet ski is:
a.- Propeller system.
b.- Water jet propulsion.
c.- Outboard motor.
d.- Mixed system.

24 The safety system of a jet ski or motorboat fulfills the purpose of:
a.- Cut off the motor when driven.
b.- Slow down when required.
c.- It is activated when the operator falls into the water.
d.- a and c are correct.

25 The distance of the coast reserved for bathers is:

a.- 100 mts
b.- depends on the beach.
c.- 200 mts
d.- depends on the depth.

26 To access an unmarked beach with a motorboat:

a.- Make it perpendicular to the beach line.
b.- Navigate at low speed
c.- Verify the existence of bathers
d.- All correct.

27 To call for help from a jet ski:

a.- We must wave our arms in the air.
b.- Swimming to the beach
c.- Launching red flares
d.- Call on channel 16.

28 If there are other vessels sailing close to our jet ski: a.- I must keep at least 50
meters away.
b.- Be attentive to the maneuvers of other vessels without distance limitations.
c.- Other vessels must maneuver to keep clear.
d.- None of the above.

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