Skema Jawapan Kimia
Skema Jawapan Kimia
Molecule
(b) Pengendapan 1
deposition
(c) Gas 1
Gas
(d) (i) Haba diserap 1
Heat is absorbed
(ii) Semakin lemah 1 5
Become weaker
2 (a) (i) Kosmetik ialah bahan atau produk yang digunakan secara luaran untuk 1
membersih, melindungi atau mencantikkan penampilan seseorang
Cosmetics are materials or products that are used externally to cleanse,
protect or enhance one’s appearances.
(ii) Pewarna/air/pengawet/pelembab/pewangi/pengemulsi/pemekat 1+1
(pilih mana-mana dua)
Dyes/water/preservatives/moisturisers/fragrances/emulsifiers/ thickeners
(choose any two)
(b) Polimer semula jadi dan polimer sintetik 1+1 5
Natural polymers and synthetic polymers
3 (a) (i) Formula empirik ialah formula kimia yang menunjukkan nisbah teringkas bagi 1
atom bagi setiap unsur dalam satu sebatian.
Empirical formula is the chemical formula which shows the simplest ratio of
atom for each element in a molecule/compound
(ii) CH 1
(b) (i) 1.Nisbah/Ratio 1
1.5 mol HCl : 1.5 mol C6H6
2.Isipadu/Volume C6H6 = 1.5 X 24 dm3 // 36 dm3 1
2
4 (a) Ikatan kimia terbentuk apabila berlakunya permindahan dan perkongsian 1
elektron.
Chemical bonds are formed when electron transfer and sharing occurs.
(b) (i) Sebatian ion 1
Ionic compound
(ii) XY2 1
(c) (i) Ikatan hidrogen 1
Hidrogen bond
(ii) 1. Ais terapung // Floating ice 1
2. Apabila air membeku, ikatan hidrogen adalah stabil, susunan molekul air
menjauhi antara satu sama lain // isipadu ais lebih besar berbanding air.//
When water freezes, the hydrogen bonds are stable, the arrangement of 1
water molecules moving away from each other//the volume of ice is greater
than that of water
3.Peningkatan isipadu ais menyebabkan ketumpatan ais lebih rendah 1
daripada ketumpatan air// An increase in the volume of ice causes the
density of ice to be lower than the density of water 7
3
6 (a) (i) Haba penyesaran ialah haba yang dibebaskan apabila 1 mol logam/kuprum 1
disesarkan daripada larutan garamnya/kuprum(II) sulfat oleh logam yang lebih
elektropositif/magnesium
Heat of displacement is heat released when 1 mol of metal/copper is displaced
from its salt/copper(II) sulphate solution by more electropositive
metal/Magnesium
(ii) Untuk mengurangkan haba hilang ke persekitaran 1
To reduce heat lost to surrounding
(iii) Mg + Cu2+ → Mg2+ + Cu 1
(iv) 1.Bilangan mol = 0.01 mol 1
Number of mole
4
7 (a) Kadar tindak balas ialah perubahan kuantiti gas H2 yang terhasil terhadap 1
masa
The rate of reaction is the changes in the quantity of H2 gas produced over
time.
(b) Pembuakan gas berlaku// Gelembong gas dibebaskan 1
Effervescence occurred // bubble gas produced
(c) Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2
Formula bahan dan hasil tindak balas yang betul //Correct formulae of 1
reactants and products
Persamaan seimbang // Balanced equation 1
(d) Kadar tindak balas adalah lebih tinggi 1
The rate of reaction is higher
(e) (i)
= 45.30 //
1
240
= 0.1888 cm3 s-1
5
8 (a) (i) Aloi adalah campuran dua atau lebih unsur dalam komposisi tertentu yang 1
mana komponen utama adalah logam.
An alloy is a mixture of two or more elements in a certain composition in
which major component is a metal.
(ii) A 1
Magnesium /Magnesium
Cu
Aluminium /Aluminium
Mn/Mg
Kuprum /copper
(b) 1. Lekatkan bebola keluli di atas bongkah aloi // placed steel ball bearing 1
on alloy block
2. Jatuhkan pemberat 1kg dari ketinggian 50 cm ke atas bebola aloi itu// 1
drop a 1kg weight hunged at 50cm above the tested material
6
3. Ukur diameter lekuk yang dihasilkan. Ulang elsperimen dengan 1
gantikan bongkah aloi dengan bongkah logam tulen. // Measure the
diameter of the dent formed. Repeat experiment by replacing the alloy
block with a pure metal block. 1
4. Semakin kecil diameter lekuk semakin keras bahan dan lebih sesuai
digunakan untuk membuat rak buku.//The smaller the diameter of the Max:3 10
dent shows the harder the material. The harder the material, the
better the material used to make the books rack.
9 (a) (i) 1. NaOH 1
2. Pelarut //solvent P : metilbenzena / propanon // methylbenzene, propanone 1
// lain - lain yang sesuai
3. Pelarut/solvent Q : air//water 1
1+1
[mana –mana dua]
5
(ii) 1. Persamaan kimia seimbang//Balanced chemical equation 1
2. Bil mol betul//Correct number of mole 1
3. Nisbah mol betul//Correct mole ratio 1
4. Kepekatan NaOH betul dengan unit//Correct concentration of NaOH with 1
unit
5. pOH 1
1
6. pH
7
MaVa = 1
MbVb 1
(0.01)(25) = 1
Mb (20) 1
Kepekatan//Concentration of NaOH = 0.0125 moldm-3
pOH = -log[0.0125]
= 1.9
pH = 14.0 - pOH
= 12.1
(b) (i) 1. P: PbO 1
2. Q: NO2 1
3. R : O2 1
4. S : CO2 1
5. T : Pb(NO3)2 1 5
(ii) 1. Letak satu spatula garam T ke dalam tabung uji. Tambahkan air dan 1
goncangkan sehingga semua garam T larut dalam air.// Put a spatula of salt
T in a test tube. Add water and shake it until all salt T dissolved in the water.
2.Tambahkan 2 cm3 asid sulfurik ke dalam tabung uji mengandungi garam T 1
3
diikuti dengan menambahkan 2 cm larutan ferum(II) sulfat .Goncangkan
campuran // Add 2 cm3 of sulphuric acid into the test tube containing salt T
followed by adding 2 cm3 iron(II) sulphate solution into the test tube. Shake
the mixture.
3. Dengan berhati-hati, tambahkan setitis demi setitis asid sulfurik pekat 1
perlahan-lahan pada dinding tabung uji. // Carefully added drop by drop of
concentrated sulphuric acid slowly down the side of the test tube. 4
4. Cincin perang terhasil menunjukkan kehadiran ion nitrat// 1
Brown ring is produced shows the presence of nitrate ion
20
8
10 (a) (i) Electrode X: Nilai EO / EO value 1
Electrode Y: Kepekatan larutan// Concentration of solution 1 2
(ii)
X / Katod/Cathode Y / Anod/Anode
3. P : Kuprum//Copper// Cu 1
4. Q : Argentum //Silver// Ag 1 4
9
(ii) Set I
1. Tindak balas berlaku//Reaction occurs 1
2. Mg adalah agen penurunan yang lebih kuat berbanding Zn//atom Mg lebih
mudah kehilangan elektron dan pengoksidaan berlaku//Mg is a stronger 1
reducing agent compare to Zn // Mg atom loses electron more easily and
oxidation reaction occurs.
3. Ion Zn2+ agen pengoksidaan yang lebih kuat berbanding ion Mg 2+ //ion 1
2+ 2+
Zn lebih mudah menerima elektron dan penurunan berlaku // Zn ion is a
stronger oxidising agent compare to Mg2+ ion // Zn2+ ion gains electron more
easily and reduction reaction occurs.
4. Tindak balas redoks berlaku antara agen penurunan yang kuat dan agen 1
pengoksidaan yang kuat // Redox reaction occurs between strong reducing
agent and strong oxidising agent.
Set II:
5. Tindak balas tidak berlaku//Reaction does not occur 1
6. P/Cu adalah agen penurunan yang lebih lemah berbanding Zn //atom P/Cu
lebih sukar kehilangan elektron dan pengoksidaan tidak berlaku // P/ Cu is a 1
weaker reducing agent than Zn // P/Cu atom is more difficult to lose electron
and oxidation reaction does not occur.
7. Ion Zn2+ agen pengoksidaan lebih lemah berbanding ion P2+/ Cu2+ // ion 1
Zn2+ lebih sukar untuk menerima elektron dan penurunan tidak berlaku //Zn 2+
ion is a weaker oxidising agent.compare to P2+/ Cu2+ // Zn2+ ion is more
difficult to gain electron and reduction reaction does not occur.
8.Tindakbalas redoks tidak berlaku antara agen penurunan yang lemah dan 1
agen pengoksidaan yang lemah. // Redox reaction does not occur between
weak reducing agent and weak oxidising agent.
20
10
11 (a) (i) 1.R= ester//ester 1
2.P = CnH2n+1 OH 1
3.Q= CnH2n+1 COOH 1 3
(ii) 1.P=methanol // etanol // propanol // methanol // ethanol // propanol 1
2.Q=asid metanoik // asid etanoik // methanoic acid // ethanoic acid 1
3.R=metil metanoat //metil etanoat // etil metanoat // etil etanoat // propil 1
metanoat // propil etanoat // methyl methanoate // methyl ethanoate //
ethyl methanoate // ethyl ethanoate // propyl methanoate //
propyl ethanoate
[R bergantung kepada P dan Q]
4.Tuang 2 cm3 P ke dalam suatu tabung didih//Pour 2 cm3 P into a 1
boiling tube
5. Tuang 2 cm3 Q ke dalam tabung didih tersebut//Pour 2 cm3 Q into 1
the boiling tube.
6.Tambah beberapa titis asid sulfurik pekat ke dalam tabung didih itu.// 1
Add few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid into the boiling tube
7.Goncang dan panaskan dengan perlahan tabung didih itu//shake and heat
slowly the boiling tube. 1
8.Formula bahan dan hasil betul dan seimbang.
Correct formulae of reactants and products and balanced. 1
Sampel :
CH3OH +HCOOH → CH3OOCH +H2O
[terima persamaan lain berdasarkan P dan Q] 8
(b) (i) A:
1. formula bahan dan hasil betul // correct formula of reactant and 1
product
2. seimbang.// balanced 1
CH4 + 2 O2 → CO2 +2 H2O
B:
3 formula bahan dan hasil betul // correct formula of reactant 1
and product
4 seimbang.// balanced 1 4
13
C4H10 + O2 → 4CO2 +5 H2O
2
11
(ii)
A B
Membebaskan sedikit haba// Membebaskan banyak haba // 1
Release less heat Release more heat
Kurang ikatan baru dibentuk//kurang Banyak ikatan baru 1
CO2 dan H2O terbentuk//bilangan terbentuk//banyak CO2 dan H2O
atom karbon per molekul rendah// terbentuk//bil atom karbon per
Less new bond formed//less CO2 and molekul banyak//
H2O formed//number of carbon atom more new bond formed//more
per molecule less CO2 and H2O formed//number of
carbon atom per molecule high
Kurang jelaga// Kurang kesan rumah Lebih jelaga//menambahkan 1
hijau kesan rumah hijau//
Less soot//less green house effect more soot//more green house
effect
Peratus jisim karbon per molekul Peratus jisim karbon per molekul 1
rendah// Kurang gas CO2 tinggi// banyak gas CO2
terbebas//percentage of carbon by terbebas// percentage of carbon
mass per molecule is low//less CO2 by mass per molecule is 5
gas produced high//more CO2 gas produced
Pilih A atau B
20
12
Soalan/ Jawapan Sub ∑mark
Question Answer mark
1
(a) Molekul
1 1
Molecule
(b) Haba diserap
Heat is absorb
1
Digunakan untuk mengatasi daya tarikan antara zarah
Is used to overcome the force of attraction between
1 2
particles
(c) t3 s 1
1
(d) Pepejal naftalena bertukar kepada gas
1 1
The naphthalene solid change to a gas
TOTAL 5
TOTAL 5
Soalan/ Jawapan Sub ∑mark
Question Answer mark
3
(a) nombor proton//proton number 1 1
(b) Z+ 1 1
(c)(i) 4Z + O2 → 2Z2O
Bahan dan Hasil betul/ Correct reactant and product 1
TOTAL 7
Soalan/ Jawapan Sub ∑mark
Question Answer mark
5
(a) Argentum nitrat// silver nitrate 1 1
(b)
1 1
TOTAL 8
Soalan/ Jawapan Sub ∑mark
Question Answer
mark
6
(a) Haba penyesaran ialah haba yang dibebaskan apabila 1 mol
logam argentum disesarkan daripada larutan argentum nitrat oleh
logan kuprum
Heat of displacement is heat released when 1 mole of silver is 1 1
displaced from silver nitrate by copper.
(b) Larutan tanpa warna berubah menjadi biru 1 1
Colorless solution turn to blue
n= MV/1000
(100X0.2)/ 1000
= 0.02 mol 1
1 mol → 105000 J
0.02 mol → 2100 J
Q= 2100 J 1
Q= mcθ
2100 = (100)(4.2)θ 1 3
θ = 50 C
TOTAL 9
Soalan/ Jawapan Sub ∑mark
Question Answer mark
7
a) Kepekatan
1 1
Concentration
b) Isipadu gas karbon dioksida
1 1
Volume of carbon dioxide gas
c) 2HCl + ZnCO3 ZnCl2 + CO2 + H2O
Betul bahan tindak balas dan hasil ………….. 1
Correct reactant and product 2
Betul seimbang persamaan ………………... 1
Correct balanced equation
d) Kadar tindak balas purata bagi set 1
Average Rate of reaction for set 1
Kadar tindak balas purata = volume of gas
Average rate of reaction time taken
= 60 cm3
180 s
1
= 0.33 cm3 s-1 1
e) 1
Kadar tindak balas set II adalah lebih tinggi dari set I.
Rate of reaction for set II higher that set I
Kepekatan asid hidroklorik lebih tinggi dalam set II.
1
Concentration for hydrochloric acid in set II is higher
bilangan ion H+ per unit isipadu lebih tinggi 3
1
number of hydrogen ion H+ per unit volume is higher
f) Ya betul.
Correct. 1
Ini disebabkan asid sulfurik ialah asid diprotik , walaupun
kepekatan asid sama , kepekatan ion hidrogen dalam
asid sulfurik adalah dua kali ganda berbanding asid
hidroklorik maka kadar tindak balas lebih tinggi
Because sulphuric acid is diprotic acid , although has
same concentration of acid , concentration of hydrogen
ion in sulphuric acid is double compared to hydrochloric 1 2
acid, so rate of reaction is higher
TOTAL 10
Soalan/ Jawapan Sub ∑mark
Question Answer mark
8
a Saponifikasi 1 1
Saponification
b Kalium hidroksida 1 1
Potassium hidroxide
c
CH3(CH2)14COOH + NaOH → CH3(CH2)14COONa + H2O 1
Bahan dan Hasil betul/ Correct reactant and product
1 2
Seimbang Persamaan/ Balanced Equation
Bilangan mol
n = 0.5(25) // 0.0125mol 1
1000
Jisim
0.0125 x 124 = 1.55g 1
TOTAL 20
Soalan/
Jawapan Sub ∑mark
Question
Answer mark
10
10 (a) Chemical reaction involving oxidation and reduction 1
occurring simultaneously
Not a redox reaction 1
Oxidation number of each element before and after the 1
reaction unchanged
Oxidation number of Ag before and after the reaction is +1
Oxidation number of Na before and after the reaction is +1
Oxidation number of Cl before and after the reaction is -1
Oxidation number of O before and after the reaction is -2
Oxidation number of N before and after the reaction is +5 1 4
(b)(i) Number of mole of Fe2O3
Mole ratio
Mass of Fe 1
= 10 000 x 56
(ii) +3 1
Iron(III) oxide 1 2
(c ) Metal P:
Zn//Mg [Any suitable metal more electropositive than Fe] 1
Metal Q:
Cu//Ag [Any suitable metal less electropositive than Fe] 1
Set I
Set II
5. Metal P is more electropositive than iron. 1
6. Zinc is oxidized. 1
7. Hydroxide ion OH- present.//Rusting does not 1
occur.
8. Zn → Zn2+ + 2e 1 10
TOTAL 20
Soalan/
Jawapan Sub ∑mark
Question
Answer mark
11
(ii) 1. Argon//Ar 1 2
2. Atom telah mencapai susunan elektron oktet 1
yang stabil//atom Ar tidak menderma,
menerima atau berkongsi elektron dengan
atom unsur lain
Atom has achieved a stable octet electron
arrangement// Ar atom do not donate, accept
or share electrons with the atoms of other
elements.
1
JUMLAH 5
JUMLAH 5
Unsur/Element Cu O 3
Jisim, g 56.66-53.46 57.46 -56.66
Mass, g = 3.20 = 0.80 1
Bil. mol, mol
3.20 ÷ 64 // 0.80 ÷ 16 //
The number of
0.05 0.05
moles, mol
Nisbah mol 1
atom teringkas
The simplest 1 1
mole ratio
JUMLAH 7
(ii) Fe Fe2+ + 2e 1 1
JUMLAH 8
ATAU/OR
Bilangan mol NaOH / OH- = 1.0 x 50 // 0.05 mol
-
Number of mole of NaOH / OH 1000
JUMLAH 9
JUMLAH 10
1
//
2-metilbutana // 2,2-dimetilpropana
2-methylbutane // 2,2-dimethylpropane 1
1
//
2-metilbut-1-ena // 3-metilbut-1-ena // 1
2-methylbut-1-ene // 3-methylbut-1-ene //
//
2-metilbut-2-ena // pent-2-ena
2-methylbut-2-ene // pent-2-ene
(a) (ii) 1. Sebatian B// Compound B 1
2. Peratus atom C mengikut jisim dalam sebatian
A// Percentage of C atom by mass in compound
A 4
5(12)____ x 100 = 83.33% 1
5(12) + 12(1)
3. Peratus atom C mengikut jisim dalam sebatian
B// Percentage of C atom by mass in compound
B
5(12)____ x 100 = 85.71% 1
5(12) + 10(1)
JUMLAH 20
(b) (i) 1. Formula kimia bahan dan hasil tindak balas betul 1 5
Correct reactants and products chemical formula
2. Persamaan kimia seimbang
Balance chemical equation
1
Mg + 2RCOO → (RCOO)2Mg //
2+ -
(ii) 4
Pesakit Contoh ubat Kesan
Patient Example of Effects
medicine
Midi Haloperidol// Mengakibatkan 1+1
Klorpromazin// pergerakan muka dan
Klozapin badan yang tidak
Haloperidol// normal//
Chlorpromazine// Mengakibatkan kejang
Chlozapine dan menggeletar.
Can cause abnormal
involuntary facial and
body movements//
Can cause stiffness and
shakes.
Nazir penisiin// Bakteria menjadi imun 1+1
streptomisin kepada antibiotik dan
Penicillin// penyakit akan berulang
Streptomycin semula
The bacteria will
become immune to the
antibiotics and the
disease will recur
JUMLAH 20
Atau
III
II
Masa, s
Time, s
ATAU/ OR
III
II
Masa, s
Time, s
Kesimpulan:
8. Kadar keterlarutan serbuk natrium klorida dalam air lebih
tinggi berbanding ketulan natrium klorida.
Conclusion:
8. The reaction rate for smaller marble pieces is higher than for
larger marble pieces.
*Alternative answer:
1. Put 100 cm3 of distilled water into the beaker.
2. Weigh 2.0 g of sodium chloride powder and put in a beaker.
3. Immediately start the stopwatch.
4. Stir the mixture.
5. Stop the stopwatch when all the sodium chloride powder has
completely dissolved
6. Record the time taken.
7. Repeat steps 1-6 using larger lumps of sodium chloride.
Conclusion:
8. The solubility rate of sodium chloride powder in water is
higher than that of sodium chloride lumps.
JUMLAH 20
JUMLAH / TOTAL 5
2
Soalan Jawapan Markah
Question Answer Marks
Stanum 1
2. (a)
Tin
Stanum
Tin
Kuprum
Copper
(b)
2 jenis atom 1
2 types of atom
Label atom 1
Label the atoms
Permukaan gangsa lebih berkilat daripada kuprum tulen. 1
(c)
The surface of bronze is more shiny compared to pure copper.
Loyang 1
(d)
Brass
JUMLAH / TOTAL 5
3
Soalan Jawapan Markah
Question Answer Marks
Formula kimia yang menunjukkan nisbah teringkas bagi bilangan atom
setiap unsur yang terdapat dalam sebatian. 1
3. (a)
Chemical formula that shows the simplest ratio of number of atoms of each
element in a compound.
Atom Kuprum Oksigen
Atom Copper Oxygen
Jisim, g 147.95 - 135.15 151.15 - 147.95
Mass, g = 12.8 = 3.2 1
Bilangan mol, mol 12.8 3.2
(b) Number of moles, mol 64 16
= 0.2 = 0.2 1
Nisbah mol teringkas
1 1 1
Simplest ratio of moles
Formula empirik
CuO 1
Empirical formula
Magnesium adalah lebih reaktif daripada hidrogen. 1
(c)
Magnesium is more reactive than hydrogen.
JUMLAH / TOTAL 6
4
Soalan Jawapan Markah
Question Answer Marks
4. (a) (i) E 1
Elektron valens atom E lebih jauh dari nukleus berbanding dengan
atom A 1
Daya tarikan antara nukleus kepada elektron valens atom E lebih lemah
berbanding dengan atom A // Atom E lebih mudah untuk melepaskan
elektron valens berbanding dengan atom A 1
(ii)
The valence electron of atom E is further away from the nucleus
compared to atom A
The attractive forces between nucleus to the valence electron of atom E
is weaker than atom A // Atom E easier to release the valence electron
compared to atom A
C B C
(b) (i) 1
Tunjuk nukleus dan bilangan elektron yang betul
Show nucleus and correct number of electrons
Pasangan elektron berkongsi yang betul 1
The correct sharing electron pair
Ia tidak boleh mengkonduksi elektrik dalam semua keadaan. 1
(ii)
It cannot conduct electricity in all states.
Membentuk ion berwarna // Mempunyai lebih daripada satu nombor
pengoksidaan // Membentuk ion kompleks 1
(c)
Form coloured ions // Have more than one oxidation number // Form
complex ion
JUMLAH / TOTAL 7
5
Soalan Jawapan Markah
Question Answer Marks
Kuprum 1
Nilai keupayaan elektrod piawai, Eº bagi kuprum adalah lebih positif
daripada zink 1
5. (a) (i)
Copper
Standard electrode potential value, Eº of copper is more positive than
zinc
(ii) Zn + Cu2+ → Zn2+ + Cu 1
Eºsel = + 0.34 – (-0.76) = + 1.10 V 1
(iii)
Eºcell
Klorin 1
(b) (i)
Chlorine
Kepekatan ion klorida adalah lebih tinggi daripada ion hidroksida 1
Dua ion klorida membebaskan dua elektron untuk membentuk molekul
(ii) klorin 1
Concentration of chloride ions is higher than hydroxide ions
Two chloride ions release two electrons to form chlorine molecule
(iii) Cu2+ + 2e- → Cu 1
JUMLAH / TOTAL 8
6
Soalan Jawapan Markah
Question Answer Marks
Haba yang dibebaskan apabila 1 mol argentum klorida termendak daripada
larutan akueus yang mengandungi ion argentum, Ag+ dan ion klorida, Cl-. 1
6. (a)
Heat released when 1 mole of silver chloride is precipitated from the
aqueous solution of silver ions, Ag+ and chloride ions, Cl-.
Mendakan putih terbentuk. 1
(b)
White precipitate is formed.
H = (50+50)(4.2)(3)
(c) (i)
= 1260 J 1
Bilangan mol Ag+/Cl- = 0.5 × 50
1000
= 0.025 mol 1
1 mol Ag+/Cl- : 1 mol AgCl
(ii) 1
0.025 mol Ag+/Cl- : 0.025 mol AgCl
∆H = 1.26
0.025
= -50.4 kJ mol-1 1
Eksotermik 1
(d)
Exothermic
3 °C 1
Pemendakan argentum klorida hanya melibatkan ion argentum dan ion
klorida sahaja 1
(e)
3 °C
The precipitation of silver chloride only involved silver ions and
chloride ions
JUMLAH / TOTAL 9
7
Soalan Jawapan Markah
Question Answer Marks
7. (a) CaCO3 + 2H+ → Ca2+ + CO2 + H2O 1
Kadar tindak balas bagi Set I adalah lebih tinggi daripada Set II. 1
(b) (i)
The rate of reaction in Set I is higher than Set II.
Saiz kalsium karbonat dalam Set I lebih kecil daripada Set II 1
Jumlah luas permukaan kalsium karbonat yang terdedah kepada
perlanggaran dalam Set I lebih besar daripada Set II 1
Frekuensi perlanggaran antara kalsium karbonat dan ion hidrogen
dalam Set I lebih tinggi dari Set II 1
Frekuensi perlanggaran berkesan antara kalsium karbonat dan ion
hidrogen dalam Set I lebih tinggi dari Set II 1
(ii)
The size of calcium carbonate in Set I is smaller than Set II
The total surface area exposed to collision of calcium carbonate in Set
I is larger than Set II
The frequency of collision between calcium carbonate and hydrogen
ions in Set I is higher than Set II
The frequency of effective collision between calcium carbonate and
hydrogen ions in Set I is higher than Set II
Isi padu gas karbon dioksida / cm3
Volume of carbon dioxide gas / cm3
40
Set I
Set II
(c)
Masa / s
Time / s
Label paksi dan graf 1
Label of axis and graph
Bentuk graf yang betul 1
Correct shape of graph
Ya 1
Bilangan mol ion hidrogen adalah dua kali ganda dalam asid sulfurik 1
(d)
Yes
The number of hydrogen ions are double in sulphuric acid
JUMLAH / TOTAL 10
8
Soalan Jawapan Markah
Question Answer Marks
Saponifikasi 1
8. (a) (i)
Saponification
(ii) 1
9
Bahagian B
Section B
11
Soalan Jawapan Markah
Question Answer Marks
Polimer semula jadi
Natural polymer
Kanji // Protein // Kapas 1
Starch // Protein // Cotton
10. (a) (i)
Polimer sintetik
Synthetic polymer
Nilon // Polietena // Polistirena // Polivinil klorida (PVC) 1
Nylon // Polyethene // Polystyrene // Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
P1: Formula bahan dan hasil tindak balas yang betul 1
Correct formula of reactants and products
P2: Persamaan yang seimbang 1
(ii)
Balanced equation
12
P3: Pemvulkanan 1
Vulcanisation
JUMLAH / TOTAL 20
13
Bahagian C
Section C
H
11. (a)
|
H–C–H
H H
| |
H–C=C–C–H 1
|
H
2-metilpropena 1
2-methylpropene
P1: Tindak balas I - Pengoksidaan 1
Reaction I - Oxidation
P2: Tindak balas II - Pendehidratan 1
Reaction II - Dehydration
P3: Tindak balas III - Pengesteran 1
Reaction III - Esterification
P4: Sebatian X - Etanol 1
Compound X - Ethanol
P5: Siri homolog - Alkohol 1
Homologous series - Alcohol
P6: Formula molekul - C2H5OH // C2H6O 1
Molecular formula
14
Prosedur:
Procedures:
P1: Tuang 2 cm3 asid etanoik glasial ke dalam tabung didih. 1
Pour 2 cm3 glacial ethanoic acid into a boiling tube.
P2: Tambah 4 cm3 etanol ke dalam asid etanoik glasial. 1
Add 4 cm3 ethanol into glacial ethanoic acid.
P3: Tambah lima titis asid sulfurik pekat pada campuran dengan penitis dan
goncang tabung didih. 1
Add five drops of concentrated sulphuric acid into the mixture using
dropper and shake the boiling tube.
P4: Panaskan campuran dengan perlahan dengan nyalaan kecil sehingga
mendidih selama dua hingga tiga minit 1
Heat the mixture slowly with small flame until it is boiled for two to
three minutes
(ii)
P5: Tuang kandungan tabung didih ke dalam bikar yang berisi air separuh
penuh 1
Pour the content of boiling tube into beaker with half filled with water
P6: Rekodkan pemerhatian 1
Record the observation
Persamaan kimia:
Chemical equation:
P7: Formula bahan tindak balas dan hasil tindak balas yang betul 1
Correct formula of reactants and products
P8: Persamaan yang seimbang 1
Balanced equation
JAWAPAN TAMAT
END OF ANSWER PAPER
15
★★
MODUL PINTAS
TINGKATAN 5 4541/2
KIMIA
Kertas 2
1
2 2
jam Dua jam tiga puluh minit
PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN
KIMIA K2
4541/2
1
Bahagian A
Section A
(c) 12 1
Nukleus Q / Cl
17 proton + 18 neutron
(d)
Nucleus Q / Cl
17 protons + 18 neutrons
2
Soalan Jawapan Markah
Question Answer Marks
Kaca X 1
Glass X
2. (a) 1
Tahan haba apabila dipanaskan pada suhu yang tinggi
Resistance to heat when heated to high temperature
M: Bahan komposit 1
Composite materials
(b) (i)
N: Seramik 1
Ceramic
Konkrit yang diperkukuhkan dapat menahan tekanan yang tinggi //
menyokong muatan berat // lebih kuat // kekuatan daya tegangan yang lebih
(ii) tinggi 1
Reinforced concrete can withstand higher pressure // support heavier loads
// stronger // higher tensile strength
JUMLAH / TOTAL 5
3
Soalan Jawapan Markah
Question Answer Marks
Formula kimia yang menunjukkan nisbah teringkas bagi bilangan atom
setiap unsur yang terdapat dalam sebatian. 1
3. (a)
Chemical formula that shows the simplest ratio of number of atoms of each
element in a compound.
Magnesium = 156.29 - 150.05 // 6.24 g 1
Magnesium
(b) (i)
Oksigen = 160.45 - 156.29 // 4.16 g 1
Oxygen
Atom Mg O
Atom
Bilangan mol, mol 6.24 4.16
Number of mole, mol 24 16
= 0.26 = 0.26 1
(ii) 1
Nisbah mol teringkas 1 1
Simplest mole ratio
4
Soalan Jawapan Markah
Question Answer Marks
Natrium adalah lebih reaktif daripada litium. 1
4. (a) (i)
Sodium is more reaktif than lithium.
Saiz atom natrium lebih besar berbanding atom litium // Jarak antara
nukleus dengan elektron valens dalam atom natrium lebih jauh
berbanding atom litium 1
Daya tarikan antara nukleus dengan elektron valens dalam atom
natrium lebih lemah berbanding atom litium 1
Atom natrium adalah lebih mudah melepaskan elektron valens
berbanding atom litium 1
(ii)
Size of sodium atom is bigger than lithium atom // The distance
between nucleus and valence electron in sodium atom is further than
lithium atom
Forces of attraction between nucleus and valence electron in sodium
atom is weaker than lithium atom
Sodium atom is easier to release its valence electron compared to
lithium atom
Ikatan ion / ikatan ionik 1
(b) (i)
Ionic bond
(ii)
5
Soalan Jawapan Markah
Question Answer Marks
Membenarkan pergerakan ion-ion. 1
5. (a)
Allows the movement of ions.
Warna ungu bertukar menjadi tidak berwarna. 1
(b)
Purple colour changes to colourless.
(c) +7 1
MnO4- + - 2+
+ 8H + 5e → Mn + 4H2O
Formula kimia bagi bahan dan hasil tindak balas yang betul 1
(d) Correct chemical formulae of reactants and products
Setengah persamaan yang seimbang 1
Balanced half equation
Tambah larutan natrium hidroksida ke dalam larutan pada elektrod X
sehingga berlebihan 1
Mendakan perang terbentuk 1
(e)
Add sodium hydroxide solution into the solution at electrode X until
excess
Brown precipitate is formed
Larutan kalium iodida // larutan kalium bromida 1
(f)
Potassium iodide solution // potassium bromide solution
JUMLAH / TOTAL 8
6
Soalan Jawapan Markah
Question Answer Marks
Haba yang dibebaskan apabila 1 mol kuprum disesarkan daripada larutan
kuprum(II) nitrat oleh zink. 1
6. (a)
Heat released when 1 mol of copper is displaced from copper(II) nitrate
solution by zinc.
(b) Zn + Cu2+ → Zn2+ + Cu 1
Zn + Cu2+
ΔH = - 25.2 kJ mol-1
(d)
Zn2+ + Cu
7
Soalan Jawapan Markah
Question Answer Marks
Larutan kuprum(II) sulfat 1
7. (a)
Copper(II) sulphate solution
Gas hidrogen 1
(b)
Hydrogen gas
Set I / Set I:
30
60
= 0.50 cm3 s-1 1
(c)
Set II / Set II:
50
60
= 0.83 cm3 s-1 1
Kadar tindak balas dalam Set II lebih tinggi daripada Set I. 1
(d) (i)
Rate of reaction in Set II is higher than Set I.
Mangkin menyediakan laluan alternatif yang dapat merendahkan
tenaga pengaktifan dalam set II 1
Lebih banyak zarah berlanggar dapat mencapai tenaga pengaktifan
yang lebih rendah dalam set II 1
Frekuensi perlanggaran berkesan antara atom zink dan ion hidrogen
(ii) dalam set II adalah lebih tinggi daripada set I 1
Catalyst provides an alternative pathway that can lowers the activation
energy in set II
More colliding particles can achieve lower activation energy in set II
Frequency of effective collision between zinc atom and hydrogen ion in
set II is higher than set I
Tenaga / Energy
(e)
Zn(NO3)2 + H2
8
Soalan Jawapan Markah
Question Answer Marks
Saponifikasi 1
8. (a)
Saponification
Untuk memendakkan sabun // untuk mengurangkan keterlarutan sabun 1
(b)
To precipitate the soap // to reduce the solubility of soap
Ion magnesium // ion kalsium // ion Mg2+ // ion Ca2+ 1
(c)
Magnesium ion // calcium ion // Mg2+ ion // Ca2+ ion
Agen pencuci B 1
Agen pencuci B tidak membentuk kekat dalam air liat 1
(d)
Cleaning agent B
Cleaning agent B does not form scum in hard water
Agen pencuci A 1
Agen pencuci A adalah terbiodegradasi 1
(e)
Cleaning agent A
Cleaning agent A is biodegradable
Isi padu air liat yang sama dituangkan ke dalam dua tabung didih 1
Agen pencuci A dan agen pencuci B masing-masing ditambahkan ke
dalam setiap tabung didih itu dan digoncangkan 1
Mendakan tak terlarutkan / kekat akan diperhatikan dalam campuran
agen pencuci A dan air liat, manakala tiada mendakan terbentuk dalam
campuran agen pencuci B dan air liat 1
(f)
Equal volumes of hard water is poured into two boiling tubes
Cleaning agent A and cleaning agent B are added into each of the
boiling tubes respectively and shaken
Insoluble precipitate / scum will be observed in the mixture of cleaning
agent A and hard water, while no precipitate is formed in the mixture
of cleaning agent B and hard water
JUMLAH / TOTAL 10
9
Bahagian B
Section B
11
Soalan Jawapan Markah
Question Answer Marks
P1: Pempolimeran kondensasi 1
Condensation polymerisation
P2: 1
10. (a)
P3: 1
12
Bahagian C
Section C
Prosedur:
Procedures:
P2: Tuang 2 cm3 asid etanoik glasial ke dalam tabung didih. 1
Pour 2 cm3 glacial ethanoic acid into a boiling tube.
P3: Tambah 4 cm3 propanol ke dalam asid etanoik glasial. 1
Add 4 cm3 propanol into glacial ethanoic acid.
P4: Tambah lima titis asid sulfurik pekat pada campuran dengan penitis dan
goncang tabung didih. 1
Add five drops of concentrated sulphuric acid into the mixture using
dropper and shake the boiling tube.
P5: Panaskan campuran dengan perlahan dengan nyalaan kecil sehingga
mendidih selama dua hingga tiga minit 1
(ii) Heat the mixture slowly with small flame until it is boiled for two to
three minutes
P6: Tuang kandungan tabung didih ke dalam bikar yang berisi air separuh
penuh 1
Pour the content of boiling tube into beaker with half filled with water
P7: Rekodkan pemerhatian 1
Record the observation
Persamaan kimia:
Chemical equation:
P8: Formula bahan tindak balas dan hasil tindak balas yang betul
Correct formula of reactants and products
P9: Persamaan yang seimbang
Balanced equation
13
1 mol CH3COOC3H7 : 1 mol C3H7OH
0.05 mol CH3COOC3H7 : 0.05 mol C3H7OH 1
P1: Tidak 1
No
P2: Petrol lebih cepat meruap berbanding dengan diesel kerana ia
mengandungi kurang atom karbon dan hidrogen berbanding dengan
diesel 1
Petrol evaporate faster compared to diesel because it contains fewer
carbon and hydrogen atoms compared to diesel
P3: Oleh itu petrol lebih mudah bertindak balas dengan udara berbanding
dengan diesel 1
Therefore petrol reacts more easily with air than diesel
P4: Petrol lebih mudah terbakar berbanding dengan diesel 1
Petrol is more flammable compared to diesel
JUMLAH / TOTAL 20
14
1
1 3
(iii) Proton//neutron 1
JUMLAH 5
2
(a) (i) Formula kimia yang menunjukkan nisbah paling ringkas bagi 1
bilangan atom setiap jenis unsur dalam sesuatu sebatian
Chemical formula that shows the simplest ratio of the number
of atoms of each element in a compound
(ii) C7H14O2 1
(b) X= 5 1
Y= 3 1
Z= 4 1 3
JUMLAH 5
3
(a) (i) Perubahan / penambahan isipadu gas karbon dioksida yang 1
dikumpul per unit masa
The changes / increase in volume of carbon dioxide gas
collected per unit time
1
= __45__
1 2
240
= 0.188 cm3 s-1
SULIT
2
(b)
Tindak balas cepat Tindak balas lambat 2
Fast reaction Slow reaction
● Tindak balas dalam
sel elektrik
● Kakisan batu
Electric cells
Rock erosion
reaction
● Penapaian
● Pembakaran bunga
Fermentation
api
Fireworks
(b) 2.8.8.1 1
(iii) 2 4
JUMLAH 7
5
(a) R 1 1
(b) Mengeluarkan angin dalam badan/ 1 1
Release the wind in the body
SULIT
3
6
(a) Penghidrogenan //Penambahan Hydrogen / Hydrogenation// Addition of 1 1
Hydrogen
= 88 g 1
( reject answer without unit )
(d) But-1-ene 3
[ (12x4) / ( (12x4) + (1x8) ) ] X 100% = 85.71% 1
Hidrokarbon Y
[ (12x4) / ( (12x4) + (1x10) ) ] X 100 % = 82.76%
1
SULIT
4
7
(a) Perubahan haba yang dibebaskan apabila 1 mol kuprum 1 1
disesarkan darpada larutan kuprum (II) sulfat oleh zink
Heat changes released when one mole of copper is displaced
from copper (II) sulphate solution by zinc
(b) Polisterina adalah penebat yang baik/ Untuk menghalang haba 1 1
terbebas ke persekitaran
Polystyrene is heat insulator/ to prevent heat loss to
surrounding
(c) i. Bil mol ion kuprum (II) = 0.2X 50
----------
1000
1
= 0.01 mol
ii.1. 1 mol Cu disesarkan menghasilkan 210kJ 1
2. J= 0.01 X 210kJ
= 2.1 kJ / 2100J
1
2100j = 50 X 42 X Ɵ
1
Ɵ = 10°C
i.Number of moles of copper (II) ion =
0.2X 50
---------- 1000
= 0.01 mol 4
ii. 1. 1 mole of Cu is displaced producing 210kJ
heat
2. J= 0.01 X 210kJ
= 2.1 kJ / 2100J
2100j = 50 X 42 X Ɵ
Ɵ = 10°C
SULIT
5
JUMLAH 10
8
(a) (i) Tindak balas kimia yang yang melibatkan pengoksidaan dan 1 1
penurunan berlaku serentak
A chemical reaction where oxidation and reduction occur
simultaneously
(ii) Agen pengoksidaan / Oxidation agent 1
Agen penurunan / Reducing agent 1 2
(iii) Set I : +2 🡪 +3 1 4
: Fe2+ 🡪 Fe3+ + e 1
Set II : +2 🡪 0 1
: Fe2+ + 2e 🡪 Fe 1
(b) (i) Kuprum / [mana-mana logam yang kurang elektropositif dari 1 1
Fe]
Copper / [any metal less electropositive than Fe]
(ii) -X kurang elektropositiif dari ferum 1 2
1
-Ferum dioksidakan / Ion Fe2+ terbentuk
-X is less electropositive than iron
-Ferum is oxidised / Fe2+ ions are formed
JUMLAH 10
9
(a) (i) Terminal positif: Elektrod Kuprum 1 2
Positive terminal :Copper electrode
Terminal negatif : Elektrod Ferum 1
Negative terminal : Ferum electrode
SULIT
6
(ii) Fe (p) I Fe2+(ak), 1.0 mol dm-3 II Cu2+ (ak), 1.0 mol dm-3 I Cu(p) 1 1
Di Katod / At cathode:
● Ion Hidrogen, H+ dipilih untuk dinyahcas. / Hydrogen ions, H+ are
1
selected to discharge.
● Nilai E° ion H+ kurang negatif daripada nilai E° ion K+./ E° value
1
of H+ ions is less negative than E°value of K+ ions.
● 2H+ + 2e → H2 1
SULIT
7
Takat lebur
SULIT
8
JUMLAH 20
11 (a) (
i) 1. Asid hidroklorik// asid nitric 1
Hydrochloric acid// nitric acid
2. Gas hidrogen 1
Hydrogen gas
24 cm3 1
Ion : Pb2+ 1
X : Pb(NO3)2 1
Y : PbCO3 1
B : PbO 1
Gas : CO2 1 5
SULIT
9
SULIT
10
Jawapan sampel 1:
Sample answer 1:
P1
1. Sediakan/ isikan air minuman A didalam buret.
Prepare/ fill a burette with beverage A
✓P2
3
2. Sediakan/ tuangkan 25 cm larutan KOH kedalam [kelalang
kon]
Prepare/ pour 25 cm3 KOH solution into a [conical flask]
✓P4
3. Gunakan/ tambah fenolftalein kepada larutan KOH
Use/ Add phenolphthalein into the KOH solution
✓P3
4. Titratkan kedalam kelalang kon
Titrate into the conical flask
Jawapan sampel 2:
Sample answer 2: ✓P1
3
1. Sediakan/ isikan 25 cm air minuman A didalam kelalang
kon.
Prepare/ fill 25 cm3 beverage A in a conical flask
✓P3 ✓P2
2. Masukkan 5 g Mg atau CaCO3 kedalam kelalang kon
Add 5g Mg or CaCO3 into the conical flask
✓P4
3. Kumpulkan gas yang terbebas menggunakan picagari
sehingga tiada gas terhasil/ selama 1 minit ✓P5
SULIT
11
Total: 4 marks
JUMLAH 20
SULIT