Q1 FORAMEN PRESENT IN POST CRANIAL FOSSA IN A 5 YR OLD? A. spinosum b. rotundum c. jugular@@@@ 2. Structure lying to medial surface of mandible except?

hyoglossus 2. Structure lying medial to submandibular gland except ? Facial bone 3 nrhm introduced in? 2005 4. current dentist population ratio in India? ans 1:20,000@@@ Explanation: http://www.dentalindia.com/iden.html The dentist population ratio of 1:300,000 in the 1960s stands at 1:22,000 today Market Overview (Source : Indian Market Study-Biomaterial, Ashok Kaushik, Finpro India, 3rd April 2006 ) Estimated Market growth 15-20% Total implants placed (Estimate) 5000-7000 Dentists involved in Implants 1000 Total no of dentists 80000 Dental Colleges 191 Dentist population ratio 1:20000 80% of dentists work in major cities More than 70% people live in villages More than 10000 dental clinics PGI June 2008 : Ideal Dentist : population Ratio recommended by WHO? a. 1:5500 b. 1 : 7500@@@ c. 1 : 9500 c. 1 : 20000 Explanation: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1756-0500/3/23 The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends a 1: 7500 dentist to population r atio whereas the dentist to population ratio in India is as low as 1:22500. In 2 004, India had one dentist for 10,000 persons in urban areas and about 2.5 lakh persons in rural areas 5. First non viscous gic introduced in? 6. Structure attain adult size early in life and remain throughout in life? 7. Experimental gingivitis was first introduced by? .... loe@@@, carranza, newbrun 8. DIAMOND BLACKFAN ANEMIA....... a.inherited thrombocytopenia b. inherited leucopenia c. inherited erthrocytopenia d.all of above ans is- inherited erythroblastopenia (congenital erythroid aplasia) 9. tin content in high or low copper amalgam? ....27-32% 10. file used for re treatment and flaring of canal.? ... GT file/ H file/ K fil e 11. Q.ODDS RATIO 1? 12. Q.TYPE 1 ERROR? type 1 error true positive 13. Q.ABILITY OF TEST TO IDENTIFY DS? 14. Q. NITI SHOWS SUPERELASTICITY AT? a) Austenite to martinsite temp.change b) Austenite to martinsite stress @ c) martinsite to austenite temp.change d) martinsite to austenite stress Ans - MARTENSITE- AUSTENITE UNDER TEMP? pg. 149 nisha garg endodontics and ingle: 1. under temperature change for endo. NiTi instruments....????

pg.333 in gurukeerat singh ortho book: for NiTi wires it s given martensite under stress responsible for super elasticity. actually its is due to both temperatur e as well as stress but for niti stress is mainly responsible...its clearly give n in gurkeet lines , stability at a given temp is dependent on transformation te mp of the alloy... 15. according to osha % of nickel allowed in lab? Nickel content tolerable in labs.....0.1% 0.2% 0.3% 0.4% 16..Scrofula is a tuberculous infection of the skin 17. icterus in sclera due to? increased elastin 18. Stag horn pattern seen in? a)hemangiopericytoma@@@ b)histocytosis c)both d)none Explanation:- Stag Horn Pattern : A pattern seen by low-power light microscopy, which consists of multiple sharply-branched and jagged vessels, classically seen in hemangiopericytoma, as well as in Kaposi sarcoma, synovial sarcoma, mesenchy mal chondrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, leiomyoma and myofibromatosis 19. Fordyce s granules? ectopic sebaceous glands 20. Reed Sternberg cells seen n? HL Hodgkin lymphoma 21. Full blown AIDS seen in? CD4 < 200 22. Kieselbach Plexus? A-S nasal septum 23. LJP Asosc with? AA actinomeces actinomyecetemcomitans.......causative org in aggressive periodontit is. 24. Max tear strength? Polysulphide 25. Matted lymph node?.. TB 26. WHAT IS NOT THE EXISTING SOURCE OF MEDICAL RECORDS IN INDIA? HOSPITAL RECORDS@@@ SURVEYS 27. Goldenhar syndrome (also known as Oculo-Auriculo-Vertebral (OAV) syndrome) i s a rare congenital defect characterized by incomplete development of the ear, n ose, soft palate, lip, and mandible. It is associated with anomalous development of the first branchial arch and second branchial arch. pgi 2011 june 28. As the brightness becomes too intense, color appears to change (Bezold-Bruck e effect pgi june 2011 29. in which month of pregnancy fluoride is affects d fetus?? ####7-8week it starts...so see d option for 3rd month it starts will be d closes t### 30. Digital opg reduction in exposure in comparison to conventional? 31. If fma is 35 degree then fmia is ? 63,65,68,64? 32. Window period of streptococcus mutans? 33. Which of the following movement of the mandible is possible without interfer ence / max.non occlusion interference in which position? a) Centric occlusion@@@ b) Centric relation c) Protruded position d) ?? 34. gt files taper values? 35. keyes technique of zygomatic fracture management? 36. motion used for ktype of file? 37 ultrasonic file no. 10,15@@,20,8

for ultrasonic irrigation file used? 0.8 10 15@@ 20 number??? 38. Ideal instrument for flared canals? 39 smoking is related to coronary artery disease? Weakly established, positively established@@ 40. Atrophic reddened tongue / desquamated areas in geographic tongue is due t o a. Increase in eosinophilic count b.increase in neutrophillic count c.both of the above d.none of the above 41. SI unit of radiation? Ans - if it is radiation exposure then gray 42. Gauge of a needle orifice? ... 21 23 26 gauze? 43. Lupus vulgaris 45. Case control studies? PGI June 2008 : What is true about Case Control Studies? a. Retrospective Study @@@@ b. Prospective Study c. Measures incidence d. None Ans: Ref (A) Soben Peter 3rd ed pg 101 Case Control Study is a Retrospective Study design, provides for an economical b ut not a foolproof method of studying certain type of relations. A case-control study is a type of study design in epidemiology. Case-control stu dies are used to identify factors that may contribute to a medical condition by comparing subjects who have that condition (the 'cases') with patients who do no t have the condition but are otherwise similar (the 'controls'). 47. Which part don t grow after 2 yrs of age approx...? oropharyx nasopharynx Soft palate 49. AH2 is what? a. cement b. root canal irrigant c. root canal material (####non eugenol rc filler###) 50. Most commonly used motion with k file 51. Which disease conventional treatment does not effect? a. juvenile periodontitis@@@ b. aggressive c. peridontosis 52. CHD related to periodontitis or not? 53. Effective dose intensity when at 1m distance n when distance doubled ..... .intensity?????? (###inverse square law for distance###so when distance doubled d intensity will get 1/4 of previous###) Relationship of effective dose and intensity??? (###directly proportional###) 54. central incisor ratio length to width....???when person smiles??/ (###normal1.5:1##when person smiles??/ ###1.3:1 recommended###) 55. Child...teeth loosened all???What s...i guess juvenile periodontitis@@???? 56. Young age....syndrome associated with periodontitis? pappilon lefever syndrome@@..?? 46. How much pressure is exerted from lips to teeth at rest? a)10-15gm/cm2 b)15-20gm/cm2 c)20-25gm/cm2 d)25-30gm/cm2 Ans:? 10-15gm/cm2 57. fibrosa osseolytica / OSTEITIS FIBROSA CYSTICA associated with which?

a. hyperthyroidism b. hypothyroidism c. hyperparathyroidism @@ (--as in hyperparathyroidism , ca++ will be drawn out of bones in to blood) d. hypoparathyroidism Explanation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteitis_fibrosa_cystica Osteitis fibrosa cystica / osteitis fibrosa / osteodystrophia fibrosa is a skel etal disorder caused by a surplus of parathyroid hormone from over-active parath yroid glands. This surplus stimulates the activity of osteoclasts, cells that br eak down bone by osteoclastic bone resorption. This releases minerals, including calcium, from the bone into the bloodstream. In addition to elevated blood calc ium levels, over-activity of this process results in a loss of bone mass, a weak ening of the bones as their calcified supporting structures are replaced with fi brous tissue (peritrabecular fibrosis), and the formation of cyst-like brown tum ors in and around the bone. 58. FH plane and occlusal plane if viewed from mid sagittal plane? Parallel or at some angle?? ##at angle### 59. (PGI Jun 2008, 2007) Recommended time gap between radiation exposure and sur gery to avoid osteoradionecrosis? a) 4-6 weeks after radiotherapy b) 4-12 months after radiotherapy c) Immediately after radiotherapy d) Anytime during course of therapy Ans: Explanation: the amount of time interval differs from 10-21days from preext racxtion or postextraction irradiation. Some recommend the surgery to be postponed for 9 months. But in case of potentially dangerous complications of cancer irradiation should not be delayed any longer. in the question it is asked about radiation and surgery, there is no mention abo ut irradiation follows surgery or vice versa. if we consider the question and go by the language, and it is asked that radiati on comes first and then we have to perform a surgery we should wait for 9 months after radiation to allow the blood vessels to come back to its original. and th en perform surgery to allow better healing. but if surgery comes first as in prophylactic removal of decayed teeth, then we should wait for 10-21 days i.e 3 weeks aprox for the wound to heal.but this shou ld not allow complications of cancer to occur. to my knowledge it will completely depend upon the format of the question lets consider if its radiation and surgery : 9 months then the ans here wil be (B) or its surgery and radiation : 10-21 days then ans here wil be (A) Another Explanation: (None or A : Ref : Neelima Mallik 2nd ed pg 669) The risk of ORN though highest during 4-12 months after RT has been found to per sist for the remainder of the patients life. Therefore Atraumatic Extractions ar e advocated. Now, the question specifically ask about the time of after which extraction / s urgery can be performed without risk of ORN. And acc. To present concepts, risk of ORN persists for whole of lifespan. There s no specified period after which Ext raction can be considered as safe. It s never recommended to extract after a speci fied period of time. Rather, RCT should be performed if possible. Answer is give n as (A) in MCQ guide. 60. hand foot and mouth disease cox sackie a16 or other cox sackie strains??? 61. exopthalmos??? blow in ,,blow out@@,, PGI June 2006: In Blow Out Fracture, which of the follg is there: a. Enopthalmus@@@@ b. Exopthalmus c. Bulbar Hemmorhage

d. Conjuctival Hemmorhage Ans. (A) Ref. Neelima Mallik 2nd ed pg 367 Ref. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1284026-overview#a0112 Presentation of Fracture of Floor of Orbit (Blow Out Fracture) : After facial trauma, patients may describe decreased visual acuity, blepharoptos is, binocular vertical or oblique diplopia (especially in upgaze), and ipsilater al hypesthesia, dysesthesia, or hyperalgesia in the distribution of the infraorb ital nerve. In addition, patients may complain of epistaxis and eyelid swelling following nose blowing. Periorbital ecchymosis and edema accompanied by pain are obvious external signs and symptoms, respectively. Enophthalmos is possible but initially can be obscur ed by surrounding tissue swelling. This swelling can restrict ocular motility, g iving the impression of soft tissue or inferior rectus entrapment. Retrobulbar o r peribulbar hemorrhage may be heralded by proptosis. A bony step-off of the orb ital rim and point tenderness are possible during palpation. Examination of the globe is essential, albeit difficult because of soft tissue e dema. Desmarres retractors may be helpful to spread edematous eyelids Pupillary dysfunction coupled with decreased visual acuity should alert one to t he possibility of a traumatic or compressive optic neuropathy. Ocular misalignment, hypotropia or hypertropia, and limitation of elevation ipsi lateral to the fracture are possible. Forced duction testing can differentiate e ntrapment versus neuromyogenic etiologies of muscle underaction. The supratarsal crease may deepen, along with narrowing of the palpebral fissure stemming from enophthalmos or fibrous tissue contraction. Although the palpebra l fissure may in fact narrow, the geometric shape is preserved, since dehiscence or disruption of the canthal tendons is uncommon. Wilkins and Havins reported a 30% incidence of a ruptured globe in conjunction w ith orbital fractures, supporting the notion that a thorough and complete ophtha lmic examination is needed. 62. Structure passing thru rotundum? maxillary nerve 63. Ultrasonic rotary speed? 64. ni ti files..taper???? 65. method of collection strips?......gcf http://www.joponline.org/doi/abs/10.1902/jop.2011.100565?journalCode=jop The use of paper strips was suitable for the simultaneous determination of micro bial and immunologic parameters. Obtaining GCF by washing can be useful for spec ial purposes http://www.aadronline.com/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=3634 Sampling methods employed for gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) collection include : 1) the absorbent paper strips or paper points; 2) the cappilary tubes and 3) t he gingival crevicular washings. Cappilary tubes or micropippetes have been exte nsively used in the past when a large amount of GCF was required (Skaleric et al 1986), but are now being abandoned because of the irritation they cause to the gingival crevice. Gingival crevicular washings are used when the cellular elemen ts of GCF are to be studied (Adonogianaki et al 1993a). As however, the volume o f GCF collected by gingival crevicular washings cannot be quantitated this metho d of GCF collection cannot be used when the exact amounts/concentrations of GCF components is of interest. Paper strip collection is the method of choice curren tly, as it allows both GCF volume quantitation as well as GCF component analysis (Adonogianaki et al 1994) and even the study of cellular components Usually, ch romatography paper strips are used due to their high absorbing capacity (Whatman Grade 4, Whatman, Labsales Ltd, Maidstone. Kent). Recently, Andersen and Gianno poulou (1994) introduced the use of styroflex strips which have the ability to e ngage GCF cellular components and then release them, thus allowing the study f G CF celular components. 66. question related to pier abutment..i think it was placement of connector whi ch place??? (PGI Jun 2008) A Pier Abutment is a. Periodontally weak abutment

b. With edentulous space on both sides of the abutment@@ c. Edentulous space on one side of the abutment d. Abutment tooth away from the edentulous space. Explanation:- Ref. Nallaswamy : 1st ed pg 550 Pier Abutment is a single tooth with 2 adjacent edentulous spaces on either side . In this case, the single tooth will have to act as an abutment for both edentu lous spaces. -In order to prevent trauma to the abutment, a stress breaker should be provided nr the pier abutment, i.e. a non-rigid connector with a key in keyway. -If pier abutment is mobile, then a Rigid Connector shd be use instead of Non-Ri gid Connector. -A non-rigid connector is avoided when the posterior abutment opposes an edentul ous space or RPD, becoz SupraEruption of posterior abutment will occur & unseat the key. 67. Glasgow coma scale include all except?.....sensory perception 68. osteoclast mech ...direct relation??? pth calcium 69. Fool proof method to check appropriateness of diet counseling: 1) Lactobacillus test 2) Snyder test 3) Vinegar test 4) None of the above Guys don t you think fool proof method will only be one...It s like a gold standard and when we have a gold standard for diet counseling which is previous history a nd diet chart we can t be having lactobacillus test as the answer when none of the above is amongst the options provided. If at all we don t have none of the above then we can go for lacto.... but let me ask you ..Is the language of the question exactly the way it is asked here or is there ne manipulations...? Test for DIET counseling 1) Patients diet diaries i.e. ask patient about the diet (weekly) this is foremo st IMPOTANT. 2) Various test MOST important is Snyder s test 3) Clinical examination LEAST important & can t get results of counseling only oth er factor matters too ......brushing and all after diet history it can be checked by Snyder test(most reliable) ...alone Snyd er test cant access the result of diet counseling as it may be altered by regula r brushing and oral prophylaxis ...... patient can give wrong history that's why patient diet diary is maintained and r esult may be seen with encouragement of patient PGI June 2007 , Jun 2006 : Fool proof method to check appropriateness of diet co unseling: a. Lactobacilli Count b. Snyder Test c. S. Mutans count d. Latest Dietary History@@ Ans. (D) Ref. Shobha Tandon 2nd ed pg 247 PGI Dec 2006 : Test to be used to check effectiveness of diet counseling to redu ce sugar intake: a. Lactobacilli Count b. Snyder Test@@@@@ c. S. Mutans count d. Salivary Reductase Test Ans. (B) Ref. Shobha Tandon 2nd ed pg 247. Recall Visits-During the next months at regular intervals, the dentist shd evaluate the patie nt s progress & provide psychological reinforcement. -Evaluation are made by mean of: Patient s comments, New Diet Diaries, Susceptibil ity Tests such as Snyder Test, Clinical Judgment.

- Reinforcement is provided b praising the patient s effort. Point out the improve ments made in the diet as well as in the test results and the absence of new car ious lesions. -Emphasis should be made on making the patient fully aware of the benefits deriv ed from the program and that the benefits are the product of the patient s own eff orts