William J Beattie

Page 1

08/10/2011

Assignment 4 Statistics and Probability

1.1) Range = 2.34 2.05 = 0.35 = 35/6 = approximately
5.
Class
2.05 2.09
2.10 2.14
2.15 2.19
2.20 2.24
2.25 2.29
2.30 2.34
Class
2.05 2.09
2.10 2.14
2.15 2.19
2.20 2.24
2.25 2.29
2.30 2.34

1.2)

Tally
111
1111 1111
1111 1111 1
1111 1111 111
1111 1111
11
Class Mid-Point
2.07
2.12
2.17
2.22
2.27
2.32

Frequency
3
10
11
13
9
2

William J Beattie

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08/10/2011

14

Frequency

12
10
8

Frequency

6
4
2
0
2.12

2.17

2.22

2.27

2.32

Class mid-point values

1.3)
Class
2.05
2.10
2.15
2.20
2.25
2.30

1.4)

2.09
2.14
2.19
2.24
2.29
2.34

Frequency
3
10
11
13
9
2

Upper Class
boundary
Less than
2.095
2.145
2.195
2.245
2.295
2.345

Cumulative
Frequency
3
13
24
37
46
48

William J Beattie

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08/10/2011

Ogive Chart

Cumulative frequency

60
50
40
30
20
10
0

2.095

2.145

2.195

2.245

2.295

2.345

Upper class boundaryvalues

2)
Mean = 73.8 + 126.4 + 40.7 + 141.7 + 28.5 + 237.4 +
157.9
7
= 806.4 = 115.2
7

Median = (Ranked) 28.5, 40.7, 73.8, 126.4, 141.7, 157.9,

237.4
Median = 126.4
Mode = since no two members have the same value, this
set has no mode.

William J Beattie

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3)
Mean = 34.3 + 25.0 + 30.4 + 34.6 + 29.6 + 28.7 + 33.4
+ 32.7 + 29.0 + 31.3 = 309 10 = 30.9
Standard deviation =

The (x x)2 are (34.3 30.9)2 (25.0 30.9)2 (30.4 30.9)2

(34.6 30.9)2 (29.6 30.9)2 (28.7 30.9)2 (33.4 30.9)2
(32.7 -30.9)2 (29.0 30.9)2 (31.3 30.9)2

(x x)2 = 11.56 + 34.81 + 0.25 + 13.69 + 1.69 + 4.84

+ 6.25 + 3.24 + 3.61 + 0.16 =

(x x)2
n
=

= 80.1 = 8.01
10

8.01 = 2.83 to 3 significant figures.

4)

X
Curren
t

Y
Applie
x = (X X)
d
Voltag
e
5
2
-14
11
4
-8
15
6
-4
19
8
0
24
10
5
28
12
9
33
14
14
X = 135, X = 1357 = 19

y = (Y Y)

-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6

William J Beattie

Y = 56,

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Y = 567 = 8

xy
84
32
8
0
10
36
84
xy = 254

x2
196
64
16
0
25
81
196
2
x = 578

y2
36
16
4
0
4
16
36
2
y = 112

Thus r = .
254
. = 0.998
[578 x 112]
This shows that a very good direct correlation exists
between the values of current and applied voltage.

5)

Current, X
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
X = 56
XY

X2
4
16
36
64
100
144
196
2
X = 560

Applied Voltage, Y
5
11
15
19
24
28
33
Y = 135
Y2

William J Beattie

Page 6

10
44
90
152
240
336
462
XY = 1334

08/10/2011

16
256
1296
4096
10000
20736
38416
2
Y = 74816
N=7

135 = 7a0 + 56a1

1334 = 56a0 + 560a1

(1)
(2)

56 x (1) gives:
7560 = 392a0 + 3136a1

(3)

9338 = 392a0 + 3920a1

(4)

7 x (2) gives:
(4) (3) gives:
1778 = 0 + 784a1
From which, a1 = 1778 784 = 2.268
Substituting a1 = 2.268 in equation (1) =
135 = 7a0 + 56(2.268)
i.e. a0 = 135 127.008 = 1.142
7
Thus the equation of the regression line of applied voltage on current,
correct to 4 significant figures, is:
Y = 1.142 + 2.268X
6) Total number of fuses in the box = 23 + 47 +69 = 139
6.1) 23 off 2A fuses out of a box containing 139 fuses = 23/139 = 0.165
or 1/6.
6.2) 47 off 5A fuses out of a box containing 139 fuses = 47/139 = 0.338
or 2/6.

William J Beattie

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6.3) 69 off 13A fuses out of a box containing 139 fuses = 69/139 = 0.496
or 3/6
7)

Let p be the probability that a component is outside of the tolerance

required and q be the probability that a component is within the tolerance
values.
The p = 10% i.e. 0.10 per unit and q = 90% i.e. 0.90 per unit. The sample
number is 10.
(q + p)n = (0.90 +0.10)10
= 0.9010 +10 x 0.909 x 0.10
+ 45 x 0.908 x 0.102 + . . .
Thus the probability of having 3 components outside of the tolerance
required is:
120 x 0.907 x 0.103 = 0.0574
8.
Mean failure = 800 hours
Standard deviation = 60 hours
The mean value x is 800hrs
Z = (x x) i.e. (785 800) 60 or 0.25
A z - value of -0.25 corresponds to an area of 0.0987 (see annex 1)
between the mean value and the ordinate z = -0.25. The negative z value
shows that it lies to the left of the z = 0 ordinate.
0.5000 0.0987 i.e. 0.4013
64 x 0.4013 = 26 bulbs are likely to a failure time less than 785 hours.
9.

William J Beattie

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For the answer : sample size, N = 7, and mean,

x = 1.12 + 1.15 + 1.10 + 1.14 + 1.15 + 1.10 + 1.11
7
= 1.12m-1

Standard deviation,
s = {(1.12 1.12)2 + (1.15 1.12)2 + (1.10 1.12)2 + (1.14 1.12)2
(1.15 1.12)2 + (1.10 1.12)2 + (1.11 1.12)2}
7
= 0.0031 7 = 0.00044m-1
The percentile value corresponding to a confidence coefficient value of
t0.99 and a degree of freedom value of N 1, i.e. 7 1 = 6 is 3.14. (see
annex 2)
= 1.12 (3.14) (0.00044)
6
= 1.12 0.00056m-1
Thus, the 99% confidence limits are 1.11944m-1 and 1.12056m-1
which indicates that there is a 99% chance that the true specific resistance
of the wire lies between 1.11944m-1 and 1.12056m-1.

William J Beattie

Annex 1

Page 9

08/10/2011

William J Beattie

Annex 2

Page 10

08/10/2011