Pharmacoeconomics and Health Outcomes

Group Exercise Cover Sheet

Honor Code
Last Name, First Name (PRINTED!) Signature
(i.e. “Submitted with honor”)

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 Applied Decision Analysis Exercise
These questions are generated from the study by Phillips et. al. which utilized a decision
analysis model to evaluate antibiotic therapy for Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
NOTE: Please write ALL your final answers in this table, it will be easier to grade. Thanks!

Question
Write answer here
Number:

1. A. B. C. D. E.

2. A. B. C. D. E.

3. A. B. C. D. E.

1. Federal Upper Limit price list

4. 2. Mail order reimbursement cost (linezolid)
3. AMA CPT Online Resource (for MD outpatient costs)

5. A. B. C. D. E.

6. A. B. C. D. E.

7. A. B. C. D. E.

8. A. B. C. D. E.

1. specific, well-defined problem statement

2. comprehensive list of alternatives considered
3. study perspective clearly stated
4. comprehensive list of costs & benefits stated
9.
5. discounting if and when appropriate (not applicable in this study)
6. appropriate sensitivity analysis
7. marginal / incremental ratios
8. comprehensive presentation of results
01. The costs used in this study most closely reflect which perspective?
A. Societal B. Clinician
C. Patient out-of-pocket D. Third party payer
E. None of the above

02. The probabilities used in this study were derived from which source(s)?
A. One clinical trial involving cephalexin
B. Multiple published studies
C. The expert opinion of Infection Disease specialists
D. The Medicaid Program
E. More than one of the above is correct

03. The “base-case” probabilities used in this study represent:

A. The mean cure rates from multiple selected studies
B. The cure rates from one clinical trial
C. The expert opinion of Infection Disease specialists
D. The latest edition of DiPiro’s Pharmacotherapy
E. The Federal Upper Limit compendium

04. Briefly list the source (or sources) of the cost data used in this study:

05. Which antibiotic had the smallest cost-per treatment in the model?
A. cephalexin B. TMP/SMX
C. linezolid D. clindamycin
E. None of the above are correct

06. The authors find that at probabilities of staphylococcal infection below 40%, cephalexin is
preferred; but above 40% clindamycin becomes preferred. This is an example of what
type of sensitivity analysis?
A. Simple B. Threshold
C. “Best case / Worst case” D. Monte Carlo
E. None of the above are correct

07. According to Table 2 – at the base-case values of MRSA prevalence and Probability of
Infection due to Staph. Aureus – which antibiotic is the preferred therapy?
A. cephalexin B. TMP/SMX
C. linezolid D. clindamycin
E. None of the above are correct

08. The model is NOT sensitive to which major assumption?

A. Probability of a staph infection being methicillin-resistant
B. Cost of linezolid
C. Cost of cephalexin
D. Probability of infection due to S. aureus
E. More than one of the above

09. We discussed EIGHT (8) major common criteria for quality. From that list of 8 criteria,
LIST the ones (in your opinion) that this study meets.