Green Buildings: The BIG picture!

ST Diamond Building
(Photo credit: ACICC Malaysia Sdn Bhd )

Visit this afternoon

And find out what you can do at your workplace and at home
By: Gregers Reimann
gregers@ien.com.my, hp 0122755630 27 September 2011

Getting Lost in Translation

(what does it mean to save 85.7 million tons of CO2?)
Ton CO2 emissions per person per year
8 6 4 2 0 Average Sustainable Malaysian Level by 2050 World average (2010): 5 ton CO2 per person 1 7

What happens if we dont save CO2?

Worried! 5 meter higher sea level by 2100. And a worrying trend. Will my durian plantation in Port Klang get flooded?

And here is the durian plantation

Yes!

Red colour shows 5 meter sea level rise

What happens if we dont save CO2?

Worried!
Why is Malaysia still building coal fired power plants? And giving energy subsidies promoting energy wastage

Source: Storms of my Grandchildren (2009)

Activities and their CO2 emissions

Ton CO2 emissions per year
2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 Driving car (12,000 km) Eating 200 g beef daily Eating 200 g chicken daily Eating 200 g baked beans daily Fridge 0.12 0.04 0.10 2.00 1.24
Please stick to 1 ton CO2, so I dont loose my durian plantation!

Activities and their CO2 emissions

Ton CO2 emissions per year
8.0 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 7.00
Gosh! Flying is very CO2 intensive. No more durian plantation!

2.00

1.24 0.12 0.04 Eating 200 g baked beans daily 0.10 Return flight (K.L. - Copenhagen) Fridge Eating 200 g beef daily Eating 200 g chicken daily

Driving car (12,000 km)

Please by CO2 off-sets for your flights, so I can keep my durian plantation!
Make sure it is Gold Standard certified

The Big Picture:

Energy Impact per Person

Please guess the labels?

For Malaysia: 0.62 kg CO2 / kWh electricity

Source: Sustainable Buildings without the hot air by David MacKay, Cambridge University, 2009

The Big Picture:

Energy Impact per Person

For Malaysia: 0.62 kg CO2 / kWh electricity

Source: Sustainable Buildings without the hot air by David MacKay, Cambridge University, 2009

Car Travel Necessary?

Example: The Swiss Re (Normal Foster) building in London has parking but only for bicycles!
Note: The building has good public transport

Source: Energy Use in a Maturing Society Case of Denmark by Nrgrd and Christensen (1982 & 2001). Illustrations by Claus Deleuran

Electric Consumption Up

Fitness center in the US

Source: Energy Use in a Maturing Society Case of Denmark by Nrgrd and Christensen (1982 & 2001). Illustrations by Claus Deleuran

Our Consumption Based Society

Source: Energy Use in a Maturing Society Case of Denmark by Nrgrd and Christensen (1982 & 2001). Illustrations by Claus Deleuran

Stuff (energy break-down)

Lets look at the building sector

Source: Sustainable Buildings without the hot air by David MacKay, Cambridge University, 2009

Most cheap CO2 savings in building sector

CO2 savings

Giga-ton of CO2 equivalents per year

US dollars / ton CO2 equivalents Source: IPCC

Cost of CO2 savings

Stop the leaks

Supply

Wastage Plug the holes

(efficiency)

Stop the leaks

New Straits Times January 2002, Malaysia

Energy Index of Office Buildings in Malaysia

Stop the leaks

kWh/m2 year
300 250 200 150 100 50 0

Leaks stopped

Visit this afternoon

ST Diamond Building
(Photo credit: ACICC Malaysia Sdn Bhd )

Visit this afternoon

Play video
Sustainable Features of ST Diamond Building
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3H_sXCtDayc

Solar Geometry
West East

SITE
Tilted 16 from North

Solar Path for Malaysia

Latitude 3.1 North

25 Faade Tilt Angle

Solar Geometry
The solar path was used to sculpt the building geometry. The 25 tilt angle of the facades ensures that North and South facades are fully self-shaded during the hottest mid-day hours. For the East and the West facades, the tilting faade helps to reduce the solar impact by 41%.

The tilted glazing admits more of the desirable diffuse light reflected off the landscape for glare free daylighting use in the building

Facade Daylighting System

Mirror lightshelf

Fixed blinds for glare control

Energy efficient lighting controls:

Light sensor (automatic off), manual wall switch (on) + individual table lamps Typical Cross Section

Daylight reflected onto ceiling

Diffuse light deflected into room by lightshelf and window sill LIGHT REFLECTIONS FROM: Lightshelf + Window sill

FACADE

Self-shaded facade from direct sun Mirror lightshelf with fixed louver Lightshelf only

Window sill only

Faade Daylight Design

The building is 50% daylit. The faade daylighting system consists of a mirror lightshelf and a white painted window sill. Both deflect daylight onto the white ceiling for improved daylight distribution until 5 meters from the faade + 2 additional meters of corridor space. Fixed white louvres with top surface mirror finish on the top side are mounted with a 30 tilt angle above the lightshelf for glare protection while still allowing daylight to be deflected onto the ceiling. To increase daylight throw into the rooms, the suspended ceiling was omitted giving a floor to ceiling height of 3.7 m.

Atrium Daylight Design

1. 2. 3.

Tannenbaum reflector panel on levels 4 and 5

The atrium has been carefully designed optimize daylight utilization for each floor employing the combination of the following three strategies:
Automated blind with six different configuration to maintain the appropriate daylighting levels at all times. The blinds with 30% light transmittance are adjusted every 15 minutes and follow a three different control strategies for morning, mid-day and evening The windows size becomes larger deeper into the atrium to cater for lower daylight levels A band of Tannenbaum reflector panels are applied to 4th and 5th floor to deflect daylight across the atrium to 1st and 2nd floor where daylight levels are the lowest. The christmas tree profile reflectors have an inclination of 10 and reflect about 85% of the light in semi-diffuse manner, hence, avoiding visual glare issues for the building occupants.

Floor slab cooling pipes laid before pouring concrete

Manifold for pipes coming out of RC slab

Suspended ceiling omitted not to restrict slab cooling

One week temperature data

(simulated by Transsolar)

Floor Slab Cooling

Flexible 22 mm PERT pipes are embedded in the RC slabs during construction to make the building structure function as a thermal storage system. At night 18C cold water is circulated in the slabs cooling them down to about 21C. During the day-time, the system is shut off, and floor slab passively absorbs heat gains from people, computers, solar gains etc. The advantages of the floor slab cooling system are: Reduces cooling transport energy by 64% because it is more efficient to transport cooling with water than with air Shifts much of the cooling to the slabs, so the AHU system can be down-sized about 30% Shifts 30-40% of the cooling to night time, so building can save cost from the lower off-peak energy rates and from reduced maximum demand charge

Electricity Savings Step by Step

GREEN BUILDING RATINGS
Energy efficiency steps

Green Mark Platinum

GBI Platinum
annual energy consumption

Energy Savings: Payback time:

RM 1 million per year 3.6 years

CO2 savings: 1500 ton CO2 Cars off the road: 750 cars (CO2 equivalents)

Office Retrofit (EECCHI, Jakarta)

Worlds most energy efficient ceiling fans

(raise temperature, adjust temperature with fan speed)

Nov 2011

What to do at home?

Residential Energy Break-down

2005 Typical 2 Story Terrace House in Petaling Jaya Reference Scenario

Vacuum Cleaner Computers 0% 2% Refrigerator Lighting 19% 6% Rice Cooker 3% Air Conditioner night time 35% Radio 1% Television 2% Water Heater 14%

Fan 2%

Iron 2%

Washing Machine 14%

Energy Efficient Fridges

Similar scheme for air-conditioners?

Green Switch
(hotel key switch principle)

Green Switch
(eliminate the standby losses)

Bicycle
(shower retrofit)

Cost: RM 50 (anybody can install at the bib tap)

Seri Raja Chulan Condo (91 units) Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Selling price of Recyclables

Alam Flora
Rate (RM/KG) Rate (RM/KG) 0.15 0.16 0.16 0.14 0.16 1.5 0.32 0.18 0.06 0.12 0.10 RM/kg Batteries, household Mobile phone TV and refrigerator Printer cartridge Laptop or CPU Plastic bags CDs & DVDs

Recycle and Reward

Rate (RM/KG) 0.56 4.00 0.10 6.00 0.64 0.48 0.36

CONTACT INFO: Alam Flora www.alamflora.com.my Recycle and Reward www.recycleandreward.my

Recycling Rate now 2 times higher!

Before

Condo recycling implemented 1 July 2010

Play video
Inspirational low-tech video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JOl4vwhwkW8&feature=feedf

Thank you

Gregers Reimann gregers@ien.com.my Hp 0122755630