Towards Sustainable Energy Sources and Consumption

13

9 15

Contents
Theme Towards Sustainable Energy Sources and Consumption
Features

2 5 7 9 12

Standardisation Related to Oil and Gas

Ensuring Fair Trading, Reliability and Efficient Use of Electrical Power Malaysian Palm Biofuel Programme Malaysia Endorses Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) Technology under the 9th Malaysia Plan

15 18
News

Implementing Energy Efficiency in Buildings

Energy Efficiency For Household Appliances

20

MS 1722 OSH MS Certification Scheme

Technology Updates On Renewable Source of Energy

Towards Realising Biogas as a Viable Commercial Fuel

Biomas Power Plant-Full Scale Demonstration Projects

Disclaimer

The Standards and Quality News is an official publication of SIRIM Berhad. The newsletter is published on a quarterly basis and is distributed to our clients, certified companies and Standards Development Committee members. Editorial material may be freely reproduced, provided credit is given to the newsletter. Please note that except for the advertisement by the subsidiaries and affiliate companies of SIRIM Berhad, SIRIM Berhad does not in any way either directly or indirectly endorse any advertisements by other companies printed herein and hereby denies any liability in relation to the accuracy of the same.

Highlight
Energy is the key ingredient to any economic activity. Adequacy of energy supply is important for acceleration of economic development. Consumption of energy however produces some undesirable impacts on the environment and climate. Energy sources are classified into two groups - renewable and non-renewable. Renewable and non-renewable energy can be converted into secondary energy sources like electricity and hydrogen. Renewable energy sources include biomass, hydropower, geothermal, wind and solar. Non-renewable energy sources include petroleum, natural gas, coal, uranium and also propane. The National Energy Policy aims at promoting the efficient utilization of energy and to discourage wasteful and non-productive patterns of energy consumption. In this issue of Standards and Quality News, we highlight the current development in standardisation to support the efforts to promote sustainable sources of energy and efficient utilization of energy, while at the same continue to support the development of Malaysian Standards related to petroleum, petroleum products and its derivatives, through the Industry Standards Committee on Petroleum and Gas (ISC H). Standardisation is one of the important elements in supporting the industries in the application of energy in various sectors. Beside standards, accurate measurement of power and energy is also important to manage the energy efficiently and to validate the value of the energy being measured. The measurement of power quality is of concern in view of the need for reliable power supply in the manufacturing sector, office and household. Biofuel has been identified as an alternative source of energy. The National Biofuel Policy, launched on 21 Mac 2006 encourages the use of environmentally friendly, sustainable and viable sources of energy to reduce the dependency on depleting fossil fuel. In promoting the application of biofuel, the standard for biofuel specification is needed. The development of this Malaysian Standard is currently under deliberation by the Technical Committee on Petroleum Fuels. The launching of the Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) project in July 2005 marked another effort by the government to promote sustainable source of energy and at the same time reduce emission of greenhouse gas into the environment. The MS 1837:2005 provides guideline for BIPV installers in managing BIPV projects thus provide confidence to the consumers for installation of BIPV in their homes. Beside photovoltaic, various efforts and researches have been carried out to use renewable energy such as energy from biomass and also biogas. Several biomass power plants have been established in Malaysia to convert biomass to electricity. With regards to biogas, technology enhancement is still on going to produce high yield of biogas with reduction of carbon dioxide. In line with the objectives of the National Energy Policy, Malaysia is giving increasing attention to the sustainable use of energy. Various efforts have been done to implement energy efficiency in buildings and also for household appliances. MS 1525, Code of practice on energy efficiency and renewable energy for non-residential buildings is currently under revision to cater for the new development in technologies as well as new requirements. This standard is also intended to be referred to in the coming revision of UBBL. As for household appliances, the Energy Commission has established the Energy Rating Labeling Scheme, which started with refrigerator as the first product under this scheme. We hope these updates would be informative to the readers.

STANDARDS & QUALITY NEWS

Vol.13 No.3/2006 PUBLICATION COMMITTEE
Chairman Pn. Robiah Ibrahim Members Pn. Khalidah Mustafa En. Parama Iswara Tn. Hj. Mohamad Nasir Abdul Wahid En. Md. Nor Md. Chik En. Mohamad Nawawi Hussin Dr. Mohd Azman Idris Pn. Zurina Mohd Bistari

EDITORIAL COMMITTEE
Pn. Mariani Mohamed Pn. Khalidah Hj. Mustafa En. Parama Iswara Pn. Zurina Mohd Bistari Pn. Saleha A. Jalil Pn. Hammidah Yahya Dr. Margaret Chai En. Abdul Rashid Zainal Abidin Cik Lili Masni Ab. Jalil

PUBLICATION COORDINATOR Pn. Zurina Mohd Bistari Tel: 603-5544 6235 E-mail: zurina@sirim.my

Copies of the newsletter are available on request from: SIRIM Berhad No.1, Persiaran Dato Menteri, Section 2, P.O. Box 7035, 40911 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Tel: 603-5544 6235 Fax: 603-5544 6233
Design: Reign Associates Sdn. Bhd. Printer: SIRIM Berhad

NOR HASHIMAH ISMAIL

Feature

Standardisation Related to

Oil and Gas

by Lee Hooi Lan Secretary Industry Standards Committee on Petroleum and Gas (ISCH) E-mail: lee_hooi.lan@sirim.my

INTRODUCTION

Lot

of energy has been used in our home, businesses, industry and

for traveling between all these different places. Oil and natural gas are one of the non-renewable sources of energy that are commonly used. The worlds top five crude oil producing countries are Saudi Arabia, Russia, United States, Iran and China.

OVERVIEW OF OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY IN MALAYSIA Oil

Malaysias oil production has been rising since 2002 as a result of new offshore development. In 2005, the countrys total oil production averaged 871,000 bbl/d, up from an average of 860,000 bbl/d in 2004. The oil demand has been growing at a much slower rate than its economic output, due largely to the conversion of oil-fired power plants to natural gas. The majority of Malaysias oil exports go to markets in Japan, Thailand, South Korea and Singapore. The products produced from one barrel of crude oil when refined are shown in Figure 1. Most of the petroleum products are used to produce energy. road. This is one reason why the government is encouraging the use of alternative fuels such as compressed natural gas and biodiesel.

Diesel
Diesel is a petroleum fuel that contains energy. Diesel can only be used in a diesel engine and a type of internal combustion engine. Diesel fuel contains between 18 and 30 percent more energy per gallon than gasoline. Diesel technology also offers a greater power density than other fuels, so it packs more power per volume. Safety is another advantage of diesel fuel; it is less flammable than gasoline and

Gasoline
Gasoline is a non-renewable fuel made from Petroleum. Gasoline and diesel make up 85 % of all the energy used in transportation. Even with reductions in emissions, the impact of gasoline on the environment is immense, because of the number of vehicles on the

other alternatives.

Propane
Propane is an energy-rich gas. It is one of the liquefied petroleum gases (LPG) that are found mixed with natural gas and oil. Propane-fueled engines produce much lower

Standards and Quality News

materials, equipment and offshore structures used in the drilling, production, processing, transport by pipelines, storage, handling and utilisation of liquids and gaseous h y d ro c a r b o n s w i t h i n t h e p e t ro l e u m , petrochemical and natural gas industries. There are total of 178 Malaysian Standards developed by various Technical committees under the ISC H as of April 2006.Some of the predominant standards include: MS 118 Motor vehicle gasoline Part 2: Unleaded gasoline Specification Malaysias Oil Production and Consumption 1980-2005 emission of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon compared to gasoline engines. LPG is made up of hydrocarbon gases, comprising mainly of Propane (C3H8) and Butane (C4H10). LPG is also colourless and odourless. However, for safety reasons, an odourant is added to LPG for easy detection of gas leakage. It is widely used in household and industries. LPG is also an excellent alternative for automotive fuel. Under the national standards development infrastructure, the Industry Standards Committee on Petroleum and Gas (ISC H) has been established to look into the Institute), ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers), ISO (International Standardization Organization) and MS (Malaysian Standard). In some regulations, foreign standards and Malaysian Standards have been referred. MS 830 MS 158 Liquefied Petroleum Gases Specification MS 380 Specification for steam turbine oil Code of practice for the storage, handling and transportation of liquefied petroleum gases (which has been used through administrative means by Energy Commission and Department of Safety and Health for enforcement purposes) MS ISO 13443 gas Standard reference conditions MS ISO 13686 Natural gas Quality designation

Natural gas
Malaysia contains 75 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) of proven natural gas reserves. Natural gas consumption in 2003 was estimated at 1.0 Tcf, with LNG exports of around 0.9 Tcf, mostly to Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. With gas reserves three times more than oil, Malaysia is increasingly turning to natural gas, not only as a source of energy but also as a raw material in manufacture of various petrochemical products, and it is also t h e m o s t w i d e l y u s e d e n e r g y s o u rc e especially in cold countries.

standardisation of methods of measurement, sampling and test, terminology, classifications and specifications for petroleum, petroleum products, its derivatives and bio-fuels. Besides that, it also looks into the standardisation of the

STANDARDS FOR OIL AND GAS

For the oil and gas industry, it has been noted that various standards have been used, such as: ASTM (American Society for Testing and M a t e r i a l s ) , A P I ( A m e r i c a n P e t ro l e u m Malaysias Natural Gas Production and Consumption, 1980-2003

Standards and Quality News

MS ISO 15403 - Natural gas Designation of the quality of natural gas for use as a compressed fuel for vehicles MS 123 Diesel fuel Specification

MEMBERS OF ISC H:
Association of Consulting Engineers Malaysia Association of Malaysian Oil and Gas Engineering Consultants Department of Occupational Safety and Health Department of Standards Malaysia Energy Commission ExxonMobil Malaysia Sdn Bhd Fire and Rescue Department Instituttion of Engineers, Malaysia Malaysian Gas Association Malaysian Petroleum Institute Malaysian Plastics Manufacturers Association Ministry of Domestic Trade and Consumer Affairs Ministry of International Trade and Industry Petroliam Nasional Berhad Road Transport Department Malaysia SIRIM Berhad Shell Malaysia Trading Sdn Bhd Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Universiti Teknologi Petronas

Participation in the International Standardization Organization include participating membership (P member) in the following technical committees: ISO/TC 28/SC 2 - D y n a m i c P e t r o l e u m Measurement; and ISO/TC 28/SC 5 - Measurement of Light Hydrocarbon Fluids.

Malaysia is also an Observer O members in the following technical committees: ISO/TC 28Products and Lubricants;

ISO/TC 28/SC 3- Static Petroleum Measurement; ISO/TC 67 Material, Equipment and Off Shore Structure for Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries; ISO/TC 67/SC 1 - Line Pipes; ISO/TC 67/SC 2 - Pipeline Transportation Systems; and ISO/TC 193Natural Gas

ISC H

TC 1
TC on Petroleum and Gas Measurement

TC 2
TC on Petroleum Fuels

TC 3
TC on Natural Gas

TC 5
TC on LPG and Related Products

TC 1/WG 1
WG on Gas Meters

TC 7
TC on Pipeline Transportation

TC 8
TC on Petroleum Lubricants

WG 2
WG on Protective Coatings and Linings for Oil and Gas Facilities

TC 7/ WG 2 WG on Transmission and Distribution for Natural Gas and Petroleum Liquids

TC 7/ WG 3 WG on Low Pressure Pipeline Transportation

TC 7/ WG 4 WG on GRP Piping/Pipeline

Industry Standards Committee on Petroleum and Gas (ISC H) Structure

Standards and Quality News

Ensuring fair trading,

reliability and efficient use

of electrical power
by Abdul Rashid b. Hj. Zainal Abidin Principal Metrologist, National Metrology Laboratory E-mail: abdulrashid_z.abidin@sirim.my

There

are three aspects of electrical power

instruments. Consumers are interested in any deviation that is large enough to cause a problem while suppliers are interested in ensuring that deviations are maintained below a level that might cause problems. The main problem with accurate measurement of power and energy is that common instruments available in the market are designed for clean sinusoidal waveforms w h e re a s u n d e r a c t u a l m e a s u re m e n t conditions a host of problems such as in Figure 1 give rise to distorted voltage and current waveforms. This results in these instruments having to measure power and energy under non-sinusoidal conditions which introduce measuring errors and subsequently have an impact on the accuracy of measurement. Nonsinusoidal waveforms of voltage and current can be introduced by large amounts of harmonics generated by residential and industrial non-linear loads such as computer and television power supplies, electronic lighting ballasts and variable speed motor

controls. Therefore, the design and routine calibration of power and energy meters must take into account of the non-sinusoidal waveforms commonly encountered in commercial, industrial and residential areas. Measurement of accurate power quality parameters requires the use of proper instrumentation and traceability. At the highest level, appropriate measurement standards are required to calibrate and verify those instruments, thus providing traceability of measurement to national and international standards. Aspects of power quality to be addressed include sources of problems, effects of problems, standardization and regulation, measuring the relevant parameters and mitigation. International standards and regulations relating to power quality is given in Tables 1 and 2. The IEC 61000-4-30 Standard in particular defines the method of measurement and interpretation of results for power quality parameters in single and 3 phase 50 / 60 Hz power supply systems.

measurement which require careful c o n s i d e r a t i o n s . F i r s t l y, a c c u r a t e measurement of electrical energy which is the power consumed is important as energy source such as oil is now becoming valuable commodity especially for energy net importers. This means that with the rise in energy cost, accurate metered transactions within some permissible tolerance is important to both consumers and suppliers. The consumers should get what they paid for in terms of energy usage and suppliers should have accurate revenue metering to record and manage the usage. The second aspect of electrical power measurement is in terms of the quality of power delivered to consumers. The failure or deterioration of electricity supply can pose extreme consequences to computer based business and commerce, manufacturing, household appliances and sensitive electronic

Standard
IEC 61000-3-2 IEC 61000-3-3 IEC 61000-4-7 IEC 61000-4-11 IEC 61000-4-14 IEC 61000-4-15 IEC 61000-4-30

Title
Harmonics Emissions Test Flicker Emissions Test General Guide on Harmonic and Interharmonic Measurements Voltage Dips and Variations Immunity Test Voltage Fluctuation Immunity Test Flickermeter Functionality and Design Specifications Power quality measurement methods

Table 1: IEC 61000 series standards for power quality

Standards and Quality News

Feature

Standard
IEC 868 IEC 1000-3-6 IEEE 1159 IEEE P1159 EN 50160

Title
Flickermeter Standard Guidelines for assessing harmonics in medium and high voltage Recommended Practices and Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electrical Power Systems Monitoring guidelines of harmonic distortion levels Maximum harmonic levels for power system

Table 2: Other related standards

Planned or accidental total loss of power in a localized area of community.

Very short planned or accidental power loss.

Decrease (sag) or increase (swell) in voltage.

A transient is a sudden change in voltage up to several thousand volts (also called impulse or spike). A notch is a disturbance of opposite polarity from the waveform.

Noise is an unwanted electrical signal of high frequency from other equipment. Harmonic distortion is alteration of the pure sine wave due to non-linear loads on the power supply.

Figure 1 Common power system problems (Source: Pacific Gas and Electric Company)

Lastly,

the third aspect of electrical power

energy is lost during conversion to the useful energy that makes our lives more comfortable. Improved efficiencies can be realized all along the energy chain, from the conversion of primary energy to energy carriers such as

electricity and finally to useful energy for use in our homes. The study concludes that improving the energy efficiency of buildings, appliances and industrial processes can lead to impressive savings.

measurement is in terms of electrical energy efficiency. According to a recent Scientific American study, as much as 65% of primary

Standards and Quality News

Malaysian

Palm Biofuel Programme

by Dr. Choo Yuen May, Cheng Sit Foon and Dr. Mohd. Basri Wahid Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB)

NATIONAL BIOFUEL PROGRAMME AND THE NATIONAL BIOFUEL POLICY*

Generally, there are two main palm biofuels that our Government promotes under the National Biofuel Programme. There are, namely, the blends of processed palm oil and petroleum diesel, and palm oil methyl esters. Basically, the former is a blend resulted from physical blending of processed palm oil (which comprises refined, bleached and deodorised palm olein; and / or palm oil methyl esters), and this type of biofuel would be implemented for domestic use. The latter type of palm biofuel is palm oil methyl esters or palm biodiesel, which is produced through a chemical process (known as transesterification) and it will be mainly targeted for export market. YAB Prime Minister and Minister of Plantation Industries and Commodities, Malaysia, showing the Newly Launched ENVO DIESEL. The Prime Minister of Malaysia, YAB Dato Seri Abdullah Hj. Ahmad Badawi has

INTRODUCTION

then, MPOB has also embarked on other areas m o s t prominent of palm biofuel, for example, processed palm oil and petroleum diesel blends as well as solid palm biomass fuel (shell, fibre, empty fruit bunches). The R & D, particularly on palm biodiesel and blends of processed palm oil with petroleum diesel, has reached a stage where implementation of the national alternative energy policy is now feasible.

officially launched the brand name ENVO DIESEL for blends of processed palm oil and petroleum diesel on 21 March 2006 in Putrajaya. The ceremony also marked the commencement of voluntary trials using B5

Malaysias

research and development (R & D) on palm biofuel has been spearheaded by the Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB), formerly the Palm Oil Research Institute of Malaysia, PORIM, since 1982 with the commencement of palm biodiesel (palm oil methyl esters) project. Since

*Source: The National Biofuel Policy, Ministry of Plantation Industries and Commodities, 21 March 2006.

Standards and Quality News

Feature

ENVO DIESEL (a 5% blend of refined, bleached and deodorised palm olein with 95% petroleum diesel) by selected Government Ministries / Agencies, namely, Ministry of Plantation Industries and Commodities, Ministry of Defence, Public Works Department of Selangor and Kuala Lumpur City Council. A total of about 130 Government vehicles are now using B5 ENVO DIESEL running in the Klang Valley. The National Biofuel Policy was also disseminated on 21 March 2006 during the official launching ENVO DIESEL. The Policy encourages the use of biofuel in line with the nations Five-Fuel Diversification Policy. Its implementation will be spearheaded by the Minister of Plantation Industries and Commodities, YB Datuk Peter Chin Fah Kui. The National Biofuel Policy envisions that biofuel will be one of the five energy sources for Malaysia, enhancing the nations prosperity and wellbeing. The Policy is primarily aimed at reducing the countrys dependence on depleting fossil fuels, promoting the demand for palm oil, as well as stabilising its prices at a remunerative level. The National Biofuel Policy is underpinned by five strategic thrusts, namely, (1) Biofuel for Transport; (2) Biofuel for Industry; (3) Biofuel Technologies; (4) Biofuel for Export; and (5) Biofuel for Cleaner Environment. In line with the strategies, action plans for short, medium and long terms have been identified. Ministry of Plantation Industries and Commodities and MPOB have now intensified all preparatory activities to ensure smooth implementation in stages, and finally nationwide by early 2008. Apart from the palm biodiesel production technologies which are already in-place, other aspects, for example, legislation, logistics, facilities and educational promotion have to be looked into and established from scratch. The progress of the biofuel programme to-date is encouraging, taking into consideration that there are many challenges since the biofuel industry is a new industry in our country. MPOB under the Ministry of Plantation Industries and Commodities is now working closely with the Department of Standards Malaysia and SIRIM Berhad, for setting-up of Malaysian Standards for the palm biofuels,

while the draft of Biofuel Industry Act 2006 is being reviewed by the Attorney Generals Chamber. Work is currently on going to develop Malaysian Standard on B5 ENVO DIESEL (a 5% blend of refined, bleached and deodorised palm olein with 95% petroleum diesel) by the Technical Committee (TC) on Petroleum Fuels. This TC is responsible for standardisation of methods of measurement, sampling and test, terminology, classifications and specifications for petroleum, petroleum products, its derivatives and bio-fuels. This TC is reporting to the Industry Standards Committee on Petroleum and Gas (ISC H). The TC has also been given the task to develop Malaysian Standard on biodiesel, which is based on methyl ester. Another current challenge is obtaining w a r r a n t i e s f ro m O r i g i n a l E q u i p m e n t Manufacturers (OEM) for diesel engines using B5 ENVO DIESEL, particulary for the blends of refined, bleached and deodorised palm olein and petroleum diesel. This is the case as the aforementioned blend is indeed a new type of biofuel and the world is more familiar using methyl esters of vegetable oils as diesel substitute. Malaysia is the first country in the world that promotes the use of straight vegetable oil and petroleum diesel blends as commercial available fuel. The decision to introduce this palm biofuel arises from R & D of MPOB and in fact, 16 vehicles of MPOB have been using the biofuel since 2002 and no technical problems have been reported. On the other hand, palm biodiesel (palm oil methyl esters) which is targeted for export market is internationally accepted.

that new business opportunities would be opened for the locals. As biodiesel is included in the list of products or activities that are e n c o u r a g e d u n d e r t h e P ro m o t i o n o f Investments Act 1986, biodiesel projects are eligible to be considered for Pioneer Status or Investment Tax Allowance. Other incentives such as Incentives for Strategic or High Technology Projects, and Incentives for C o m m e rc i a l i s a t i o n o f R e s e a rc h a n d Development Findings of the Public Sector in Resource-based Industries may be given if specified criteria are fulfilled. With the support from the Government as well incentive schemes in place, this new industry is ready to boom.

CONCLUSIONS
The benefits of the National Biofuel Programme are many folds. It is expected to mitigate the effects of petroleum price escalation since the introduction of palm biofuel as a fifth source of energy is critical to reduce dependency on fossil fuels. Subsequently, it will also save foreign exchange due to reduction of petroleum diesel imports. From the environmental aspect, the use of renewable palm oil as biofuel will contribute to cleaner environment through reduced greenhouse gases and cleaner emission. For the Malaysian Palm Oil Industry, palm biofuel will create and stimulate new demand and market for palm oil, both locally and overseas. This would enable the palm oil industry to continue to prosper and help strengthen Malaysias position as a leading producer and exporter of palm oil. Besides that, other benefits includes mutually beneficial effects on petroleum and palm oil sectors in terms of increased revenue for the

THE WAY FORWARD

In our effort to catalyse the biodiesel industry in Malaysia, MPOB is in the process of building three commercial palm biodiesel plants of which will be leased to three private companies upon completion. The first plant is scheduled to be in operation latest by end of 2006 while the other two plants would be operational in mid 2007. By taking the lead to use homegrown palm biodiesel production technologies, it is hoped

Government, stabilisation of palm oil price at a higher level, achieving socio economic safety net and efficient utilisation of raw materials. Thus, palm oil has an important role to play in supplying the energy needs of the country by incorporation in the national diesel supply under the National Biofuel Programme and Policy. The successful implementation of the Policy requires full commitment and support from various relevant organisations and stakeholders, and definitely for the benefits of all, as well as future generations.

Standards and Quality News

Malaysia endorses

Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV)

Technology under the 9th Malaysia Plan
by Ir. Ahmad Hadri Haris MBiPV National Project Leader, Pusat Tenaga Malaysia Chairman, Working Group on Solar Photovoltaic Systems

by the Government of Malaysia to promote and develop sustainable BIPV market. The project is spearheaded by Pusat Tenaga Malaysia, under the authority of the Ministry of Energy, Water and Communications, with supports from United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), and Global Environment Facility (GEF). On 31 March 2006, the MBIPV Project was officially endorsed into the 9th Malaysia Plan (Chapter 19).

Malaysia Plan and formally included MBIPV into the 9MP (Chapter 19, Sustainable Energy Development). PV technology around the world, including Malaysia, is very costly. For Malaysia, the main components of the PV system (PV modules and inverters) have to be imported. As such, the aim of MBIPV Project is to induce the long-term cost reduction of the PV technology. This is to be achieved via integration of PV technology into building designs and envelopes. This hopefully will lead towards a sustainable BIPV market in

BACKGROUND OF MBIPV
The objectives of MBIPV Project are twofold. Firstly, it is to reduce emission of Y.B. Minister of Energy, Water and Communications officiating the launch of MBIPV Project greenhouse gas (GHG) into the environment and secondly, to address the issue of energy security for the country.

Malaysia that will generate widespread BIPV applications and long-term cost reductions. Over the lifetime of the expected installed BIPV capacity from the MBIPV Project, the energy generated will avoid 65,100 tonnes of CO2 emissions from the countrys power sector. At the same time, the generated clean and renewable energy will contribute towards the national energy policy objectives. M B I P V P ro j e c t i s f u n d e d b y t h e Government of Malaysia, with the supports from United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and Global Environment Facility (GEF). There are also significant cofinancing contributions from private sectors,
Standards and Quality News

INTRODUCTION

Malaysia is well endowed with rich natural resources. The country is still a net exporter of crude oil until year 2012. Hence, Malaysia decided to intensify the development of renewable energy (RE) by adopting RE (including solar) as the 5th fuel in the 8th Malaysia Plan (8MP). On 31 March 2006, the government announced the 9th

25

July 2005 is an important date in the Malaysian PV calendar. The

date marked the official launching of the countrys building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) project. This MBIPV (Malaysia Building Integrated Photovoltaic) project is an initiative

Feature

both local and international, which reflected their confidence in PV market in Malaysia. The total fund available for the project is about RM88 million, for a five-year period.

THE BIRTH OF MS 1837

In May 2003, a Working Group (WG) on Solar Photovoltaic Systems was formed under the Technical Committee on Generation, Conversion, Transformation and Storage of Electrical Energy, and reporting to the Industry Standards Committee on Electrotechnical (ISC E). The WG was chaired by Ir. Ahmad Hadri Haris. Members of the working group were made up of representatives from Tenaga Nasional Berhad, SIRIM Berhad, Pusat Tenaga Malaysia, Suruhanjaya Tenaga, TEEAM, Jabatan Kerja Raya, IPTAs (UKM, UiTM, UTM, UM), and the local PV industry. The MS 1837 was developed as an indigenous standard, based on v a r i o u s credible references such as AS/NZS, IEC, IEEE, including inputs from international experts from Switzerland, Australia and Germany. The MS 1837:2005 Installation of GridConnected Photovoltaic System was officially launched by Y.Bhg. Datuk Dr. Halim Shafie, the Secretary General of Ministry of Energy, Water and Communications on 12 September 2005, with the presence of En. Ridzuan Kassim, Director of Accreditation from the Department of Standard Malaysia, and Dr. Anuar Abdul Rahman, CEO of Pusat Tenaga Malaysia. The launching was held in conjunction with the International Seminar on B I P V A rc h i t e c t u re , E n g i n e e r i n g a n d Standards, held at the Hilton Kuala Lumpur. promote at least 1.5MWp of grid-connected BIPV systems to be installed by end of 2010. Before such implementation can take place, capacity building in setting up soft infrastructure is crucial to ensure successful design, installation, commissioning and monitoring of such systems. The standards covered a wide range of issues such as electrical safety, suitable sizing of cables and wirings, quality installations and quality product recognition. Hence the establishment of the MS 1837:2005. The standard will provide guidelines for BIPV installers to adhere to, as part of managing successful BIPV projects. Launching of MS 1837 by Y.Bhg Datuk Dr. Halim, Secretary General of Energy, Water and Communications Ministry

MS 1837:2005 WHY THE STANDARD?

Even though BIPV installations have been around since the late 90s, to date, there are only about 480kWp of grid-connected BIPV systems in the country. As part of the mechanism to stimulate BIPV market demand in Malaysia, the MBIPV project is Distribution of Co-financing from various Stakeholders equipped with financial incentives to encourage public take ups of the BIPV systems. The financial incentives are to

More importantly, this will lead to fostering

Standard PV modules available in the market

10

Standards and Quality News

greater public confidence when it comes to installing BIPV in their homes.

MALAYSIAN
CONCLUDING WORDS
In one of the recent interview session, a concluding question was posted to Ir. Hadri. When asked on how many percentage of the MBIPV Project objective has been met, Ir. Hadri replied saying that the feat can be gauged at the end of the project. In reality, MBIPV has but only one major milestone. It is either we hit the mark or miss it altogether. MBIPV cannot afford to fail. PV technology will not stand a second chance in Malaysia if the project does not succeed.
This Malaysian Standard prescribes a generic code of practice that defines essential elements for agricultural producers to promote Good Agricultural Practice (GAP).

STANDARD
MS 1837:2005
Installation of GridConnected Photovoltaic (PV) System

For further inquiry please contact: For more information on the MBIPV project, please contact Ms Wei-nee Chen, Technical Advisor (Strategic Communications), email weinee@ptm.org.my or visit http://www.ptm.org.my/bipv SIRIM Berhad Information Resource Section
Tel: 03-5544 6104 /6105 /6118 Fax: 03-5544 6114 /6146 E-mail: isd_resource@sirim.my

MS1837:2005 Malaysian Standard on Installation of Grid-Connected PV System

Schematic diagram of grid-connected PV system, as specified by MS1837

Standards and Quality News

11

Technology Updates On

Renewable Source of Energy

TOWARDS REALISING
by Dr.Chen Sau Soon Environment & Bioprocess Technology Centre, SIRIM Berhad Email: sau.soon_chen@sirim.my

BIOGAS
withstand a more corrosive environment, the likely high cost of the turbine would be a deterrent factor to the commercial use of biogas as fuel. Hence aside from intensifying research efforts toward high production yield of biogas, work must also be carried out in scrubbing the gas of corrosive

AS A VIABLE COMMERCIAL FUEL

Biogas

refers to gaseous e m i s s i o n

use of the biogas can be realised in a significant way, particularly for use in power generation and even boilers. The conventional gas turbines using natural gas as fuel has not been designed to cope with gaseous fuel that possess inherent

generated during anaerobic (absence of oxygen) degradation of organic matter. Processes that are known to emit significant a m o u n t o f b i o g a s i n c l u d e a n a e ro b i c treatment of agricultural and agro-industrial wastes such as effluent from palm oil mills and food processing factories; and anaerobic digestion of sludge and animal manure. Even landfill gas produced from decomposition of buried municipal waste is a type of biogas. Biogas composition varies with the origin of the organic matter, mode of anaerobic treatment and the dominant microbial strains at work. Constituents of biogas from palm oil mill effluent (POME) have been reported to consist 54 80% methane and 20 - 46% carbon dioxide. The methane content has been the main consideration in promoting biogas as a promising renewable energy resource. However a potential drawback to the use of biogas is the presence of 560 2,580 ppm hydrogen sulphide. In terms of its energy content, the calorific value of POMEderived biogas range from 22.7 29.5 MJ/m3 in relation to its methane concentration, which is 51 69% of the calorific value of natural gas (43 MJ/m3). Based on this typical biogas composition, there are at least two conspicuous properties that need to be enhanced before commercial

Processes that are known to emit significant amount of biogas include anaerobic treatment of agricultural and agro-industrial wastes such as effluent from palm oil mills and food processing factories; and anaerobic digestion of sludge and animal manure.
corrosive property in the form of hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide, both of which in the presence of moist air can be detrimental to metal parts. Although turbine blades of new composite material can

components such as hydrogen sulphide. Innovative treatment system using the more economical biological approach should be investigated as a competitive option to the established chemical treatment methods. There is also the possibility that with the advancement of nanotechnology, the photocatalytic fixation of carbon dioxide to methane can become a commercial reality in future. Innovative integration of a high-rate anaerobic treatment system to produce high yield biogas, followed by biological degradation of corrosive and noxious components, and thereafter enhancing its calorific value by a few folds through photoreduction of carbon dioxide just about enfold the multi-disciplinary fields of science and technology needed to produce a biogas par-equivalent to natural gas. When such a stage of advancement has been attained, biogas may then be traded beyond its worth of green house gas reduction under the Cleaner Development Mechanism (CDM).

12

Standards and Quality News

Technology Updates On

Renewable Source of Energy

Biomas Power Plant Full Scale Demonstration Projects

by Hamdan Mokhtar Environment & Bioprocess Technology Centre, SIRIM Berhad Email: hamdan_mokhtar@sirim.my

The

most significant biomasss resources are rice husks, wood

wastes, oil palm wastes, rubber wastes and other agricultural wastes. These wastes are creating pollution and emission problems in Malaysia such as dust and open burning. Malaysia being the largest producer of palm oil in the world, generates a significant amount of oil palm wastes either in the plantation or in the mill. In January 2005 the production of crude palm oil is about 13.97 millions tons and the total soild wastes generated by this industry has amounted to more than 3.6 millions tons. The palm fibers and shells generated as the waste product by the industry have been used as boiler fuel in the mill to generate steam and electricity, however, not all the waste have been fully utilised. The Full Scale Demonstration Projects (FSDP) of Biomass Power Plant aim at utilising the agriculture waste as fuel for producing electricity and heat, replacing fossil fuel. At the same time it aims at reduing carbon dioxide emission. It is estimated that between 50,000 to 60,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide will be mitigated annually. The huge amount of biomass available in Malaysia is potential to be converted into value added products such as electricity and steam. Three FSDPs have been implemented under the EC-ASEAN COGEN 3 Programme at Titi Serong, Sungai Dingin Palm Oil Mill and TSH Bioenergy, to promote the use of biomass as a resource for energy generation. The Titi Serong power plant (with capacity of 1.5 MWe) is located at Parit Buntar, Perak. The plant consumes rice husk as fuel from the rice milling process. The dynamic watercooled stepgrate system provides good combustion control. The plant is designed to generate 12 tonnes of The Biomass Power Plant

Standards and Quality News

13

All the biomass power plants are equipped with automatic feeding system. For new biomass residues such as empty fruit bunches, a pre-treatment of this fuel is very important. Major equipments such as boiler, furnace and feeding system are manufactured locally. The total investment cost for Sungai Dingin Palm Oil Mill, Titi Serong and TSH Bioenergy are RM 9 million (EURO 2 million), RM7.6 million (Euro 1.65 million) and RM40 million (Euro 9 million) respectively. These costs exclude the civil works and building foundation of the power plants. The pay back period is estimated ranging from 4 to 5 years. The transfer of technology between the European suppliers/manufacturers and the Malaysian companies will enhance the business capability in the biomass power plants. The success of this co-operation will contribute to the Biomass Boiler for Steam Generation superheated steam at 25 bar (g) at 300 C and supplied to the 1.5 MW extraction turbine for electricity generation. A small portion of the steam is extracted from the turbine for their processes. The rice husk ash is collected automatically and will be sold to potential clients such as the cement and steel industry. At the Sungai Dingin Palm Oil Mill (with capacity of 2 Mwe), a mixture of palm kernel shell and fibre are used as fuel to generate
0

governments initiative to meet the renewable energy contribution in the power generation as stated in the fifth fuel policy. The proven and efficient biomass cogeneration technology is ready to convert the waste into wealth. SIRIMs Environmental and Bioprocess Technology Centre was actively involved in the COGEN 3 FDSP projects. The Centre conducted the techno and feasibility (TFA) study of the potential biomass co-generation project, and carried out performance monitoring of the FDSPs after

electricity and steam generation. The dynamic watercooled stepgrate system provides good combustion control and greatly reduces the formation of clinkers. The TSH Bioenergy Sdn Bhd (with capacity of 14 Mwe) is located in Tawau, Sabah. This is the biggest biomass power plant in Malaysia. The biomass residues from the palm oil mill, empty fruit bunches, palm oil fibre and palm kernel shell are used as fuel

The Full Scale Demonstration Projects (FSDP) of Biomass Power Plant aim at utilising the agriculture waste as fuel for producing electricity and heat, replacing fossil fuel.
steam and electricity for their own consumption. Two units of combined waterfire tube boiler are used to generate 22.5 tonnes/hr superheated steam at 23 bar (g) and equipped with two dynamic watercooled step grates. The steam is supplied to the back pressure turbine for resources in this plant. The plant is designed to produce 80 tonnes /hour at 66.5 bar (g) at 402 C of steam for power generation. A small portion of the steam is extracted from the turbine for their mill processes requirement. The plant is connected to the Sabah Electricity Sdn Bhd grid connection system.
0

commissioning, covering the aspects of technical, financial, environmental and social. It is also in the process of building its capability to design co-generations plants.

14

Standards and Quality News

Implementing

Energy Efficiency
In Buildings
by Prof. Dr. Ir. K. S. Kannan Pusat Tenaga Malaysia Chairman of TC on Energy Efficiency in Buildings
Code of Practice as a guide to implement energy efficiency in buildings. The Standard provides minimum criteria for new and retrofitted existing buildings to be designed, constructed, operated and maintained in a manner that reduces the use of energy without constraining the creativity, building function, nor the comfort and productivity of the occupants and with appropriate regard for cost consideration. In addition it encourages the application of renewable energy in new and retrofitted buildings to minimize utilization of non renewable energy sources, pollution and energy consumption whilst maintaining comfort, health and safety of the occupants. As the Standard sets out only the minimum criteria, professional engineers, designers and architects are encouraged to design the building and specify equipment that comply with criteria above those

One

of the strategies of the energy sector as mentioned in the 9th

management system will be encouraged. A Code of Practice on Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy for non-residential buildings (MS 1525) is now available as a Malaysian Standard. MS 1525 is currently under revision. This Code of Practice provides the criteria and minimum standards for energy efficiency in the design of new buildings and also retrofitting of existing buildings. Hence, every professional engineer and architect should adopt this

stipulated in the Standards.

Malaysia Plan is intensifying energy efficiency initiatives in the industrial, transport and commercial sectors as well as in government buildings. The implementation of energy efficiency (EE) programmes will focus on energy saving features in the industrial and commercial sectors. In this regard, EE features such as efficient lighting and air conditioning systems as well as establishing a comprehensive energy

OVERVIEW OF THE STANDARD

In non-residential buildings the three main energy users are the air conditioning system, the lighting system and other services such as lifts, office equipment etc. The various sections in this Standard will specify minimum criteria for design,

Standards and Quality News

15

Feature

operation and maintenance of the building envelope, lighting, electric power and distribution, air conditioning and mechanical ventilation and energy management systems. A section on the architectural and passive design strategy is included.

wind is not consistent and as air temperatures and humidity are too high. However, it is a good option for spaces that are used during milder weather conditions for example, food-court that operates either early in the morning or during evening, atrium spaces, etc.

hence reduce the cooling load of the air conditioning system. The application of daylighting is encouraged. Savings due to daylighting technique generally can be greater than increased cooling energy from additional glazed glass. The maximum OTTV allowed by MS 1525 is 50 W/m2 and the maximum RTTV

ARCHITECTURAL AND PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGY.

(a) Site planning and orientation The basic rule of building orientation is to avoid direct sunlight into the building while providing for the possibilities of daylighting. This means that whenever possible, orientate the building to have most of the windows facing either north or south. East and west facing windows in Malaysia get direct sunlight into the building and this can easily increase building energy consumption by 20% or more.

(d) Landscape It is a well known fact that surrounding vegetation and water features such as a river or a lake can lower the air temperature around a site, providing a milder temperature zone around the building. Proper landscaping on roof can greatly reduce the impacts of heavy solar radiation loads on it.

allowed is 25 W/m2. The OTTV and RTTV are here to ensure that buildings are insulated to a minimum acceptable standard. U-factor of a typical brickwall in Malaysia is approximately 2.43 W/m2K. A lower U-factor will provide better insulation and allow less heat into the building. A 100 mm thick aerated concrete has a U-factor of approximately 1.0 W/m2K and a 50 mm thick of polystyrene or mineral wool insulating material has a Ufactor of approximately 0.6 0.7 W/m2K. In current building construction practice, insulating material is commonly used in roofs. Aerated concrete is a possible replacement

(b) Daylight Designing with emphasis on natural daylighting should begin at the preliminary design stage. When daylight enters a room through windows the illumination near the windows will be high and it reduces quickly as it gets further into the depth of the room. The designer should always try to create a better uniformed daylight distribution in a room. This can be achieved by using devices such as a light shelf which reflect daylight deep into the room. Daylight from the upper part of the window contributes better illumination to the deeper end of the room. Therefore, the advisable strategy is to have a split window design, where the lower window is a vision window, which also allows daylight to the zone near the window. The upper w i n d o w i s p u re l y a d a y l i g h t w i n d o w. Appropriate glazing area to wall area for effective daylight use is between 25 40%. Solar heat gained through building envelope (exterior wall and roof) constitutes a substantial share of heat load in a building, which will have to be eventually absorbed by the air conditioning system. The Standard re q u i re s t h e b u i l d i n g e n v e l o p e t o b e designed so as to minimize the solar heat gain. The maximum allowable value is set forth in the Overall Thermal Transfer Value (OTTV) for the exterior walls based on the thermal conductivity of the opaque wall, the solar absorptivity of the exterior wall, the window-to-gross exterior wall ratio, the effective shading coefficient of the (c) Natural ventilation Natural ventilation would generally not be recommended for an office building in a hot and humid country like Malaysia. It will be difficult to maintain thermal comfort during daytime with the use of natural ventilation as fenestration system and the wall orientation. A similar concept of Roof Thermal Transfer Value (RTTV) is adopted for the roof. The limit of the OTTV and RTTV is aimed at achieving the design of the building envelope so as to cut down external heat gain and

for typical bricks. One of the key issues in energy consumption of a building is the choice of glazing. Apart from giving the right aesthetic look to the building, it also affects

BUILDING ENVELOPE

occupants comfort, productivity, energy consumption and capital cost of air conditioning (AC) equipment. It is crucial to select the proper glazing to balance the need for view and daylight, while minimizing heat gain into the building. Hence, the designer has to choose a glazing with high visible transmittance (more natural light into the building) and low solar transmittance (less solar heat into the building).

LIGHTING
In addition to consuming energy, lighting load can also have impact on the cooling load as lighting generates heat. The Standard limit the maximum allowable lighting load for the lighting system. Various provisions indicate how the lighting system can be chosen so as to provide a flexible, effective and pleasing visual environment in accordance with the

16

Standards and Quality News

intended use of space, whilst minimizing energy consumption to the extent reasonable. Specifications for lighting controls are also provided. The most important strategy for reducing energy consumption for lighting is to avoid leaving lights on when the room is not used, or when electric lighting is not needed, i.e. when daylight is sufficient. Secondly, efficient lighting should be installed, that is lighting with a high lumen output per watt electricity consumption. The high output fluorescent lighting is the most appropriate to be used in offices. Two types of controls are relevant: Control with light sensors that put off electric lighting automatically when daylight is sufficient. Control with occupancy sensors that put electric lighting off when a room or a zone is vacant. In the event of very dark conditions, or when working during nighttime, a task light on an office desk, can help to increase lighting to the necessary level, in the absence of daylight. A task light may in any case be recommendable. It will allow the general level of illumination in offices to be lower. Typical illumination level for Malaysian offices is 350 400 lux.

desirable environmental conditions. The ACMV system is normally the largest energy-using component of an office building. Typically in conventional air-conditioned office buildings, the system consumes up to about 60% of the total electrical energy. The various components of the air

conditioning system will have a lower cooling load and this will save energy. Using a computer simulation tool, it was found that by increasing the room temperature set point from 23 oC to 24 oC, the estimated reduction for cooling is about 10%.

ENERGY MANAGEMENT CONTROL SYSTEM

Good housekeeping can provide significant savings with little or no investment at all. The Energy Management System (EMS) is to be considered for buildings having an air conditioned area greater than 4,000 square metres. The functions of the EMS are control of equipment, monitoring of equipment and integration of equipment sub-systems. The conditioning system with potential for savings are the chillers, pumps and fans. Various provisions of the Standard specify the minimum criteria that have to be met by the air conditioning system. They include optimum indoor and outdoor design conditions, ventilation, system and equipment sizing, fan and pumping system design criteria, air distribution system, controls, piping and air handling system insulation, minimum air conditioning equipment performance and finally preventive maintenance. The MS 1525 recommends the indoor Standard describes the minimum measurement, control, testing and documentation feature that can be carried out on a routine basis. The intent is to provide design data along with a means of testing the facility in its completed form so that the facility can be operated in a manner it is intended for.

CONCLUSIONS
Whilst buildings can be designed to be energyefficient with the guidelines provided in the MS 1525, these only provide the minimum standard and it is the challenge to the professionals to come up with energy efficiency designs that demonstrate good professional judgment and exceeds the

AIR CONDITIONING AND MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEMS

The air conditioning and mechanical ventilation (ACMV) system for a typical building is a system that comprises of motor driven chilled & condenser water pipes and air ducts, filters and heat exchangers which deliver filtered, cooled air to various parts of the building. This is to maintain a conducive work environment and a healthy indoor environment. The purpose of the ACMV is to remove heat, moisture and undesirable air components from the building in order to maintain the

conditions of an air-conditioned office space for comfort cooling to be designed and maintained as follows: Recommended design dry bulb temperature is between 23 oC and 26 oC. Recommended design relative humidity is between 55% to 70%. Recommended air movement is between 0.15 m/s to 0.50 m/s. In tropical countries such as Malaysia, the recommended design temperature for a typical room is 24 oC. This is acceptable because it is still within the range of human comfort level. By doing that, the air

minimum standards criteria. Once the building has been built and occupied, proper maintenance has to be carried out to finetune the performance of the building with the assistance of the Energy Management System and maintain this performance. Occupants of the building should continuously be made aware of energy efficiency practices and do their part in the managements efforts to reduce the energy consumption.

Standards and Quality News

17

Feature

Energy Efficiency
For Household Appliances
by Rosnah Mohd Yusuf Secretary Industry Standards Committee on Electrotechnical (ISC E) E-mail: rosnah_mohd.yusof@sirim.my

Energy

specifically electrical energy

and using efficient electrical appliances, while enjoying the same level of functions and services. Energy labeling is now a widely

MS 1220:2001

- Specification for performance and construction of electric circulating fans and regulators

is vital for economic development and for improving our living condition. In modern society, electricity provides clean and convenient energy to drive motors, light homes and streets, run manufacturing plants and businesses, and power our communication and computer systems. Electricity can be generated by nonrenewable fossil fuels such as oil, gas and coal (hydrocarbons) or by renewable sources such as hydro, solar, wind and biomass. About 92% of the electricity generated in Malaysia is currently from non-renewable sources. Petroleum, natural gas and coal are depleting resources and burning of these hydrocarbons give rise to environmental pollution and global warming. Efficient and productive use of electricity is increasingly becoming an important consideration in ensuring the sustainability of our energy system. Energy (electrical) efficiency means using electricity wisely in order to accomplish the same tasks, whether at home or at workplace. Using energy efficiently also means paying less for electricity used to get the same amount of service. The appeal of paying less for getting the same amount of convenience is irresistible. Furthermore it can reduce global warming and health risks caused by air pollutants, at the time. Energy saving can be achieved by implementing electricity conservation activities

accepted concept around the world that helps consumers to identify these efficient appliances from the non-efficient ones. Realising the need to develop Malaysian Standards to support the Energy Rating Labeling Scheme, a Technical Committee (TC) on Performance of Household and Similar Electrical Appliances was established in 1998, to look into the development of Malaysian Standards related to performance requirements on energy efficiency. This TC reports directly to the Industry Standards Committee on Electrotechnical 2 (ISC E-2). This committee is currently c h a i re d b y U T M a n d re p re s e n t e d b y government agencies, Industry, University and Consumer. The scope of this committee is standardisation in the field of performance requirements for electrical appliance for household and similar appliances primarily for household purposes. The standards to be used by the Energy Commission for the approval and testing of scheduled products and energy using products under the Energy Rating Labeling Scheme, will be the relevant Malaysian Standards or, in its absence, the equivalent IEC and ISO standards. The TC has published several Malaysian Standards related to performance requirements, as follows: MS 1751:2004 MS 1752:2004

MS ISO 8187:2000 - Household refrigerating appliances Refrigerator Freezers Characteristics and test methods MS ISO 8561:2000 - Household frost-free refrigerating appliances Refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers, frozen food storage cabinets and food freezers cooled by internal forced air circulation Characteristic and test methods MS ISO 5151:2004 - Non-ducted air conditioners and heat pumps Testing and rating for performance - Method for measuring performance of electric toasters for household and similar purposes - Methods of measuring the performance of electric ironing machines for household and similar purposes

18

Standards and Quality News

MS 1753:2004

- Methods of measurement of performance of electric irons for household or similar use

MS 1855:2005

- Clothes washing machines for household use Methods for measuring the performance Figure 1: Energy consumption of household appliances in Malaysia 1999 (TNB) Figure 3: The Endorsement Label

In brief, these Malaysian Standards specify essential performance characteristics of products being of interest to the users, and describe the methods for measuring these characteristics. The Energy Rating Labeling Scheme for household appliances was recently established by the Energy Commission to assist Malaysian consumers. With the energy rating label, consumers will be able to identify the appliance energy performance at a glance, and help them compare products and make the smarter choice in purchasing energy efficient ones. The first product selected for the Energy Efficiency Labeling (EEL) Scheme is refrigerator. Refrigerator is chosen because it accounts for about 25 % of the total electricity consumed in home. It is one of the most used household products and it is used continuously. A special promotional campaign was launched on 11 February 2006 at Sunway Pyramid, Petaling Jaya. Advertisement on Energy Efficient Refrigerator (EER) was introduced and promoted on television and in newspapers. Energy efficiency performance of refrigerator is verified according to internationally recognized test procedures and endorsed by the Energy Commission. Electrotechnical Testing Section of SIRIM QAS International carries out testing for refrigerator to verify the product conforms to the requirements of MS ISO 8561:2000 and MS ISO 8187:2000, to support the implementation of Energy Rating Labeling Scheme. The label indicates the products energy performance as stated in MS ISO 8561:20008 and MS ISO 187: 2000.

Energy rating 1 to 5-Star Appliance energy rating (equals the number of stars) Model information Energy consumption (in kWh/year) Energy saving compared to an average 3-Star model (in percentage)

Figure 2: The Energy Rating Label

Star(s)
1 2 3

Energy Consumption
> 25 % more than average 3-Star refrigerators 10 % - 25 % more than average 3-Star refrigerators Average consumption corresponding to most common refrigerator models in the market 10 % - 25 % less than average 3-Star refrigerators > 25 % less than average 3-Star refrigerators is the most energy efficient in the market and will save us more than 25 % electricity compared to an average 3-Star refrigerator. To encourage the purchase of the most efficient refrigerators, 5-Star refrigerators also carry a special label with Energy Commission endorsement as shown in Figure 3.

4 5

The more stars there are on the upper part of the label the more energy efficient the product is, with 5-Star indicating that it is the most energy efficient model. The label also contains information on the refrigerators energy usage. Choosing an energy efficient refrigerator will give significant savings to our electricity in the long run. A 5-Star refrigerator

Standards and Quality News

19

News

MS 1722
OSH MS Certification Scheme
The
launching of the Occupational, Safety and Health Management Management Systems or Environmental Management Systems is also offered. Since the inception of the MS1722: Part 1, SIRIM QAS International has certified five organizations - SIME UEP The following is the typical certification process flow. Properties Berhad, Mandarin Oriental Hotel, Hitachi Air Conditioning Products (M) Sdn. Bhd, Bina Puri Construction Sdn. Bhd and S.E.H. Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. These companies are certified to both OHSAS System Certification Scheme based on MS1722 SIRIM QAS International has incited companies to enquire on the scheme and apply for the certification. To make it easier for our existing OHSAS 18001 clients, MS1722: Part 1 is offered hassle-free to them. How? Read further. The requirements of MS1722:Part 1:2005 is equivalent to those in the OHSAS 18001:1999 standard. Therefore, interested organizations can choose any standard or both if they wish to be certified to without having to establish different systems. Existing clients with SIRIM QAS International OHSAS 18001 can apply to be certified to OSH MS 1722: Part 1 by paying only an additional subscription fee of RM600. During their next surveillance audit, the auditors will audit their Occupational Safety and Health Management System to OHSAS 18001 as well as MS 1722: Part 1 standard. This is another value added service from SIRIM QAS International to our valuable clients. If the OHS MS system is maintained according to both standards requirements, the client will be awarded with two certificates of conformance to OHSAS 18001 and MS1722: Part 1. New applicants to MS1722: Part 1 will need to send in their application package which consists of Initial Questionnaire and Application Form. A quotation will be issued based on the organizations information given. Combined audit with other management schemes such as the Quality

Application Process Flow Chart

Send application package to applicant (Initial Questionnaire and Application Form)

18001 and MS1722: Part 1 OSH Management Systems.

Applicant submit Initial Questionnaire

For further information, please contact: Corporate Affairs, Marketing & Business Development Section SIRIM QAS International Sdn. Bhd.

Review of Initial Questionnaire

Preparation of Quotation

Ground Floor, Building 8 SIRIM Complex Section 2, Persiaran Dato Menteri 40911 Shah Alam Selangor MALAYSIA Tel: + 603 5544 6400 Fax:+ 603 5544 6466

Applicant submit Application Form

Applicant submit Document to SIRIM QAS

Documentation Audit

Initial Audit Compliance Audit

Recommendation Approval

OH&S SYSTEM

Surveillance Audit

SIRIM

20

Standards and Quality News

Standards and Quality News

21