Week10Clickerquest tions Monday Q1.Which hofthefollow wingcorrectlydescribesth hispopulation?

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Point1Poin nt2Dashe edlineTypeofgrow wth 1. r=positiver=negativeo overshootEx xponential(fa ast,thenslow w) 2. r=positiver=0rm Exponential(fa ast,thenslow w) max 3. r=positiver=positiveca arryingcap.Densityde ependent 4. rstartsdecline er=0carryingcap.Densitydependent Q2.Ifaverageglobalfe ertilityinhum mansis2.1fro omnowuntil2050,by205 50theoverall lgrowthratewill be0.47%peryear. Whywillthepopulatio onstillbeincreasing? 1. Th hereareane extremelylarg genumberofyoungfemalesinthecurr rentpopulatio on. 2. Th herearestrongmalebiase esinthesexr ratiosofseve erallargepop pulationcount tries. 3. Su urvivorshipw willbeconstan ntordecreaseslightlyastheplanetget tsmorecrowded(andpeo ople in ndevelopedc countriesgetmoreobese!). 4. Highdivorcera atesmeanthatmanywom menarerema arryingandst tartingaseco ondfamily. Q3.These eresultsaree evidenceforw whichofthef followingpatterns? 1. Fi itnesstradeo offsbetweeneggsizeandeggnumber. 2. Disruptivesele ection 3. Directionalselection 4. St tabilizingsele ection hesouthsideofChicago,su urvivorshipin nhumansislo owduetopoornutrition,v violence,and d Q4.Onth inadequat temedicalca are.Becausee educationlev velsarelowandunemploy ymentishigh, ,menareseld dom abletoinv vestinoffspr ring.Accordin ngtolifehisto orytheory,wh hichofthefo ollowingisalo ogical consquen nce? 1. Pa arentsdonot tcarefortheirchildren. 2. M Malemalecom mpetitionisin ntense. 3. Averagebirthw weightisextremelyhigh. 4. Th hereareman nyunwed,tee enagedmothe ers.

Tuesday Q1.Intermsofassessingimpactontheenvironment,humanpopulationsizeisonlypartofthestory. Whatistheotherkeyparameter? 1. Amountofresourcesusedpercapita 2. Historicaluseofresources 3. Naturalselection 4. Geneticvariationamongpopulations Q2.Whichofthefollowingiscorrect? UnitedStatesJapanPapuaNewGuinea 1. NogrowthDecreasingpopnIncreasingpopn 2. SteadygrowthSlowgrowthRapidgrowth 3. SteadygrowthDecreasingpopnIncreasingpopn 4. NogrowthNogrowthRapidgrowth Q3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTsupportedbythesedata? 1. Sinceabout1985,therehasbeenaverystronglymalebiasedsexratioatbirth. 2. In2050,mostseniorcitizens(age65+)willbefemale. 3. Enforcedsterilization,whichtookplaceinthelate1970s,hadadramaticimpactonfertilityand growthrates. 4. Indiaspopulationhasbeenboomingforthepast50years. 5. Fertilityratesarefinallystartingtodrop;by2050,populationgrowthwillbelowor0. Q4.FederalofficialsrecentlyremovedprotectiveregulationsonstreamsinthePacificNorthwestthat didnotcontainsalmon,eventhoughthehabitatwasappropriate.Asabiologist,comment. 1. Thesestreamsareimportanthabitatcorridorsthatallowgeneflowbetweenisolatedpopulations. 2. Thisisabadideaitsimportanttosavehabitatthatmightbecolonizedlater. 3. Populationsinametapopulationgoextinctnaturally,soitsoktoletsomehabitatsbedeveloped. 4. Thisisagoodmove;federalresourcesshouldbefocusedoncaptivebreeding,asmetapopulations aredoomed.

Wednesday Q1.Thegraphsarefromthesamepopulationoflonglivedorganisms,20yearsapart. WhichofthefollowingconclusionsisNOTvalid? 1. Populationgrowthrateisjustbecomingstabilizedintheleftgraph;thistrendcontinuesinthe rightgraph. 2. Overthisinterval,malesbeganlivingmuchlongerthanfemales,onaverage. 3. Atbothtimes,thesexratioatbirthisevenorveryslightlymalebiased. 4. Acatastrophiceventwipedoutmostindividualsintheir20s. Q2.Inmostexperimentswherespeciesrichnessisplottedonthexaxisandbiomassontheyaxis,the curveasymptotesrelativelyquickly(oftenatabout10species).Whatdoesthisobservationsuggest? 1. Atsomepoint,somethingbesideshighspeciesrichnesslimitsoverallproductivity. 2. Speciesarelikerivetsinanairplanewinglosingonereducesfunction. 3. Theseexperimentswouldbemoreinterpretableifadditionalspecieswereadded. 4. Theexperimentshaventbeenrunlongenough. Q3.Itiscommontoobservethatoverallproductivityincreasesasthenumberofspeciesinan ecosystemincreases.Whichofthefollowinghypothesesbestexplainsthispattern? 1. Differentspeciesuseresourcesindifferentways,sooverallresourceuseishigher. 2. Asyouaddmorespecies,youaremorelikelytoseemutualisticinteractionsthatincreaseoverall biomassproduction. 3. Asyouaddmorespecies,youaremorelikelytogetaspecieswithexceptionallyhighbiomass production. 4. Alloftheabovearelegitimatehypotheses,andtheyarenotmutuallyexclusive. Q4.WhichofthefollowingconclusionsaboutthisexperimentalecosystemisNOTsupportedbythese data? 1. AsCO2orNincreasesfromlowtomediumtohighconcentrations,productivityasymptotes. 2. AddingCO2versusNhasaboutthesameeffect. 3. WhenCO2,N,orCO2+Nareadded,productivityincreaseswithincreasedspeciesrichness. 4. TheeffectofCO2andNissynergistic.(Thejointresponseisgreaterthanthesumofeach independentresponse.)

Friday Q1.Biolog gistsseededp plotswith15plantspecies s.Eachplotw wasalsoinocu ulatedwithsp poresfrom 0,1,2,4,8,or14differentspeciesofAMFfungithatliveonp plantroots.In nterpretther results: Pla ant biom mass (g/ 2) /m

14 012481 #fu ungalspecies saddedtoplo ot 1. In ncreasedplan ntspeciesrich hnessleadsto oincreasedproductivity. 2. Th heassociationbetweenAMFandplant thostsismut tualistic. 3. W Withincreasin ngAMFdivers sity,hostplan ntsobtainmo orenutrients( (NandP)and dgrowbetter r. 4. Th hepresenceo ofmoreAMFspeciesincreasesplantproductivity. Q2.What tpredictiondoesthepred dictablehypo othesismake e? 1. Co ommunityco ompositionshouldbesimila aratsitesthr roughouttheblastzone. 2. Communityco ompositionsh houldvaryam mongsitesthr roughouttheblastzone. 3. So omeaspectsofcommunitycompositionshouldvary yamongsites s;someshoul ldbesimilar. 4. Plantcommun nitiesshouldh haveincrease edstructureo overtime(herblayer,shru ublayer,smalltree la ayer,canopyt treelayer). pareandcont trasttwotype esofdisturba ancethatcanoccurinthesameforesth habitatsalong g Q3:Comp rivers:floodingandfire es. 1. Bothaddnutri ients. 2. Bothcanremo ovebiomassju ustonthefor restfloororcaneliminatetreesaswell, ,dependingo on se everity. 3. M Mostfiresareaboutequalinseverity;floodingvaries swidelyinseverity. 4. M Mostfloodsar reaboutequa alinseverity;firesvarywid delyinseverity.