Stand-alone or In-System Programming Applications for AT18F Series Configurators 1.

Overview The AT18F Series Configurators, which include AT18F010-30XU (1M), AT18F00230XU (2M), AT18F040-30XU (4M), and AT18F080-30XU (7M) devices, are pin-compatibl e/ functional compatible with Xilinx XCFxxS Series Platform Flash PROMs. These devices can be used to configure Xilinx Spartan-II, Spartan-IIE, Spartan-3, Spartan-3E, Spartan-3A, Virtex, Virtex-E, Virtex-II, Virtex-II Pro, Virtex-4LX/FX /SX, and Virtex-5-LX/LXT/SXT Series FPGAs, as well as Atmel AT40KAL Series FPGAs. This application note provides the application circuit diagrams and programming methods to program and configure Atmel and Xilinx FPGAs in its Master Serial mod e. To perform stand-alone (drop-in) programming of the AT18F Series Configurators, the user could simply select the device algorithm in the programming software to pro gram the configurator with Atmel s AT18F-DK3 programming kit or any industrial standalo ne programmers (third-party programmers such as BP, Data I/O, Hi-Lo, etc.) that supports AT18F Series Configurators. Intel MCS hex object file (*.mcs) that is g enerated for a compatible density of Xilinx Platform Flash PROM can be used to program the AT18F Series Configurator for Xilinx FPGA application. For Atmel AT40KAL FPGA applications, an MCS file (also called *.hxr), which is generated from Atme l IDS software, can also be renamed to *.mcs in order to use it as an Intel MCS86 hex object file in order to program the AT18F Series Configurator for configuring At mel AT40KAL Series FPGAs. After the configurator is programmed, it can be dropped into the target system board to configure the FPGA such as shown in Figures 1-2 and 1-3. Figure 1-1. Stand-alone (Drop-in) Programming Method for Atmel ATF18FX Series Configurator Stand-alone Programmer: Atmel AT18F-DK3 or Third-party Programmers that Support the AT18F Series Configurators AT18FX Programming Software Target System: AT18F AT18F Series Configurators Application Note 3684A CNFG 4/08 2 3684A CNFG 4/08 Stand-alone/ISP for the AT18F Figure 1-2. Stand-alone (Drop-in) Programming Circuit for AT18F Series Configura tor in Atmel AT40KAL FPGA Application Note: 1. For the appropriate voltage setting refer to the device datasheet. Figure 1-3. Stand-alone (drop-in) Programming Circuit for AT18F Series Configura tor in Xilinx FPGA Application Notes: 1. For the appropriate voltage setting refer to the device datasheet. 2. Different families of Xilinx FPGA might have different mode pin labels. Conne

cting all configuration mode pins to circuit ground (GND) will setup the Master Serial Mode of the FPGA for configuration loading. Refer to the appropriate FPGA datasheet for more details. 3. Different external Pull-up resistor value might be required on DONE pin of th e FPGA, refer to FPGA datasheet for details. Atmel AT18F010/002/040/080 VCCJ 3.3V VCCINT(1) VCCINT(1) VCCO VCCJ(1) D0 CLK CE OE/RESET CF GND MODE PINS (M2, M1, M0) Atmel AT40KAL FPGA in Master Serial Mode D0 CCLK CON INIT RESET GND Atmel AT18F010/002/040/080 VCCJ(1) VCCO(1) VCCINT(1) VCCINT(1) VCCO(1) VCCJ(1) D0 CLK CE OE/RESET CF GND MODE PINS(2) Xilinx FPGA in Master Serial Mode DIN CCLK DONE INIT_B PROG_B GND 4.7 kOhm 4.7 kOhm Note (3) VCCO(2) VCCO(2) VCCO(2) VCCAUX(1)

Hospital Management Information System (HMIS) (An electronic Management) An electronic management in a Hospital or a Nursing Home would require to very p recise and must result into cost cutting and efficient management. We have devel oped this revolutionary product Electra is very accurate in its approach and suit all environments including large, medium or small sites. The crucial points that Electra emphasis on are listed in the following paragraphs which in turn justify your purchase. You will require less number of Staff to cater more patients in same time or even less. You would have the choice to re-deploy them at other suitable locations. Hospital Management System not only provides an opportunity to the hospital to en hance their patient care but also can increase the profitability of the organiza tion. Electra would enable hospitals or Nursing Homes to serve the rapidly growing numb er of health care consumers in a cost-effective manner. Electra can also save extra money on your current computer hardware shopping. Che ck up with our executive to more on this. Hospital administrators would be able to significantly improve the operational co ntrol and thus streamline operations. This would enable to improve the response time to the demands of patient care bec ause it automates the process of collecting, collating and retrieving patient in formation. The senior Doctors would spend his precious time more in clinical activities than to put in clerical activities otherwise.

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What is a Microcontroller? x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x A microcontroller is a computer. All computers -- wheth er we are talking about a personal desktop computer or a large mainframe compute r or a microcontroller -- have several things in common: All computers have a CPU (central processing unit) that executes programs. If you are sitting at a desktop computer right now reading this article, the CPU in th at machine is executing a program that implements the Web browser that is displa ying this page. The CPU loads the program from somewhere. On your desktop machine, the browser pr ogram is loaded from the hard disk. The computer has some RAM (random-access memory) where it can store "variables." And the computer has some input and output devices so it can talk to people. On y our desktop machine, the keyboard and mouse are input devices and the monitor an d printer are output devices. A hard disk is an I/O device -- it handles both in put and output. The desktop computer you are using is a "general purpose computer" that can run any of thousands of programs. Microcontrollers are "special purpose computers." Microcontrollers do one thing well. There are a number of other common character istics that define microcontrollers. If a computer matches a majority of these c haracteristics, then you can call it a "microcontroller": Microcontrollers are "embedded" inside some other device (often a consumer produc t) so that they can control the features or actions of the product. Another name for a microcontroller, therefore, is "embedded controller." Microcontrollers are dedicated to one task and run one specific program. The prog ram is stored in ROM (read-only memory) and generally does not change. Microcontrollers are often low-power devices. A desktop computer is almost always plugged into a wall socket and might consume 50 watts of electricity. A battery -operated microcontroller might consume 50 milliwatts. A microcontroller has a dedicated input device and often (but not always) has a s mall LED or LCD display for output. A microcontroller also takes input from the device it is controlling and controls the device by sending signals to different components in the device. For example, the microcontroller inside a TV takes input from the remote control

and displays output on the TV screen. The controller controls the channel selec tor, the speaker system and certain adjustments on the picture tube electronics such as tint and brightness. The engine controller in a car takes input from sen sors such as the oxygen and knock sensors and controls things like fuel mix and spark plug timing. A microwave oven controller takes input from a keypad, displa ys output on an LCD display and controls a relay that turns the microwave genera tor on and off. A microcontroller is often small and low cost. The components are chosen to minim ize size and to be as inexpensive as possible. A microcontroller is often, but not always, ruggedized in some way. The microcontroller controlling a car's engine, for example, has to work in temp erature extremes that a normal computer generally cannot handle. A car's microco ntroller in Alaska has to work fine in -30 degree F (-34 C) weather, while the s ame microcontroller in Nevada might be operating at 120 degrees F (49 C). When y ou add the heat naturally generated by the engine, the temperature can go as hig h as 150 or 180 degrees F (65-80 C) in the engine compartment. On the other hand, a microcontroller embedded inside a VCR hasn't been ruggedize d at all. The actual processor used to implement a microcontroller can vary widely. For ex ample, the cell phone shown on Inside a Digital Cell Phone contains a Z-80 proce ssor. The Z-80 is an 8-bit microprocessor developed in the 1970s and originally used in home computers of the time. The Garmin GPS shown in How GPS Receivers Wo rk contains a low-power version of the Intel 80386, I am told. The 80386 was ori ginally used in desktop computers. In many products, such as microwave ovens, the demand on the CPU is fairly low a nd price is an important consideration. In these cases, manufacturers turn to de dicated microcontroller chips -- chips that were originally designed to be low-c ost, small, low-power, embedded CPUs. The Motorola 6811 and Intel 8051 are both good examples of such chips. There is also a line of popular controllers called "PIC microcontrollers" created by a company called Microchip. By today's standar ds, these CPUs are incredibly minimalistic; but they are extremely inexpensive w hen purchased in large quantities and can often meet the needs of a device's des igner with just one chip. A typical low-end microcontroller chip might have 1,000 bytes of ROM and 20 byte s of RAM on the chip, along with eight I/0 pins. In large quantities, the cost o f these chips can sometimes be just pennies. You certainly are never going to ru n Microsoft Word on such a chip -- Microsoft Word requires perhaps 30 megabytes of RAM and a processor that can run millions of instructions per second. But the n, you don't need Microsoft Word to control a microwave oven, either. With a mic rocontroller, you have one specific task you are trying to accomplish, and low-c ost, low-power performance is what is important.