Suggested Solutions NPMaChT2000Eng

Suggested Solutions, NpMaC Autumn 2000 [NPMaVht00] NV-College Sjdalsgymnasiet
Skolverket. behzad.massoumzadeh@huddinge.se Not for sale. Free to use for educational purposes1/16
NATIONAL TEST IN MATHEMATICS COURSE C

Mathematics
C

AUTUMN 2000

Students Name

Concerning test material in general, the Swedish Board of Education refers to the Official Secrets Act, the
regulation about secrecy, 4th chapter 3rd paragraph. For this material, the secrecy is valid until the expiration of
2000-12-31. Opened January 2011 for Public.

NATIONAL TEST IN MATHEMATICS COURSE C
AUTUMN 2000
Instruction:
Test time 240 minutes without a break.

Resources Calculator and Formulas to National Test in Mathematics Courses C, D and E.

Test The test material should be handed in together with your solutions.
material Write your name, the name of your education programme / adult education on
all sheets of paper you hand in.

The test The test consists of 14 problems.

To some problems (where it says Only answer is required) it is enough to give
short answers. For the other problems short answers are not enough. They
require that you write down what you do, that you explain your train of thought,
that you, when necessary, draw figures. When you solve problems
graphically/numerically please indicate how you have used your resources.

Problem 14 is a larger problem which may take up to an hour to solve
completely. It is important that you try to solve this problem. A description of
what your teacher will consider when evaluating your work is attached to the
problem.

Try all of the problems. It can be relatively easy, even towards the end of the
test, to receive some points for partial solutions. A positive evaluation can be
given even for unfinished solutions.

Score and The maximum score is 46 points.
mark levels The number of points you can receive for your solution is written after each
problem. If a problem can give 2 Pass-points and 1 Pass with distinction-
point this is written (2/1). Lower limit for the mark on the test
Pass: 14 points
Pass with distinction: 26 points of which at least 6 Pass with
distinction points.
Please note that you have to try to solve the problems yourself before
checking your solutions against mine. To solve a problem you may follow
the following steps:
+ Read the problem.
+ Think!
+ Read the problem again!
+ Have you understood what the problem is looking for?
+ Make a plan.
+ Perform the plan.
+ Evaluate your results.
+ Are your results logical and acceptable?
Obviously, if you are stock and do not know how to solve the problem you
may read my solutions. But, after reading the solutions, even if you are
sure that you understood my solutions, you should try to solve the
problem by yourself without checking your steps against mine. Only, after
you solve the problem yourself, you may have understood how to solve
similar problems (but not necessarily another type.)
My solutions are just suggested ones. Usually there are more than one
methods of solving a given problem.

Note that some problems are improved and marked with , which means that they
more than other problems offer opportunities to show knowledge that can be related to the
criteria for Pass with Special Distinction in Assessment Criteria 2000.

Warning: Just reading the solutions can never replace your own struggle
in solving a given problem. By just reading the solutions you may not be
able to understand the mathematics of the problem deep enough and
therefore, it will not help you to solve a new problem by yourself.
Your comments and possible corrections are deeply appreciated.

Have Fun!
Behzad Massoumzadeh, Ph.D.
behzad.massoumzadeh@huddinge.se
January 2011


1. Differentiate:
a. ( ) 5
4
= x x f Only answer is required (1/0)

b. ( )
7 3
2
3
x x
x g = Only answer is required (1/0)

Suggested solutions:
a. ( ) 5
4
= x x f ( )
3
4 x x f = ' Answer: ( )
3
4 x x f = ' [1/0]

b. ( ) 10 = x f ( ) 0 = ' x f Answer: ( ) 0 ' = x f [1/0]

2. Solve the following equations :
a. 28
5
= x Only answer is required (1/0)

b. 4 ln = x Only answer is required (1/0)

c. 8 5 =
x
Only answer is required (1/0)

a. 28
5
= x 95 . 1 28
5
1
= = x Answer: 95 . 1 = x [1/0]

b. 4 ln = x 6 . 54
4
= = e x Answer: 6 . 54 = x [1/0]

c. 8 5 =
x
8 ln 5 ln =
x
8 ln 5 ln = x 29 . 1
5 ln
8 ln
= = x Answer: 29 . 1 = x [1/0]

3. In mathematics you have among other things studied exponential functions.

a. Give an example of such a function. Only an answer is required (1/0)

b. Differentiate your function. Only an answer is required (1/0)

a.
x
e y
3
5

= Answer:
x
e y
3
5

= [1/0]

b.
x
e y
3
5

= ( )
x x
e e y
3 3
15 3 5

= = ' Answer:
x
e y
3
15

= ' [1/0]


4. An aquatic theme park opened in the spring of 1985 and that summer the park had
443 12 visitors. The number of visitors then increased by % 8 every year.

a. How many visitors did the aquatic
theme park have in 1994? (1/0)

b. How many visitors did the aquatic
theme park have in total during the
first ten years? (2/1)

a. y x 9 1985 1994 = =
( )
x
N 08 . 1 443 12 =
( ) 000 25 874 24 08 . 1 443 12
9
~ = = N Answer: 000 25 ~ N visitors. [1/0]

b. ( )
9 2
10
08 . 1 ... 08 . 1 08 . 1 1 443 12 + + + = S [1/0]
This is a geometric series with 443 12 = a , 08 . 1 = k , 10 = n
( )
1
1
1
...
1 2
=

= + + + + =

k
k
k a
k a k a k a a S
n
n
n

( )
( )
000 180 256 180
1 08 . 1
1 08 . 1 443 12
08 . 1 ... 08 . 1 08 . 1 1 443 12
10
9 2
10
~ =

= + + + = S [0/1]

Answer: 000 180
10
~ S visitors in ten years. [1/0]


5. In July 1998 Lovisa worked at a summer caf. Her older brother Anders had worked at
the same caf in 1990 and so had their father Bosse in 1970. Their hourly wages can be
seen in the table below as well as the CPI for July the corresponding years.

Which of the three had the best hourly
wage if CPI is taken into account?
(2/0)

Year 1970 1990 1998
Hourly wage
(SEK/hour)
11 52 65
CPI 237 1189 1467
(The information in the table about CPI is taken from
Statistics Sweden. CPI = Consumer Price Index)

0.0464
237
11
= , 0.0437
189 1
52
= , 0.0443
467 1
65
= [1/0]
Answer: Due to the fact that
189 1
52
467 1
65
237
11
> > Bosse, their father, who
worked at the summer cafe in 1970 had the best hourly wage if CPI is
taken into account. [1/0]

6. The table below shows the number of bacteria in a culture of bacteria at different points
of time t measured in hours.

Use the table and make as good
estimation as possible of ( ) 7 N' . i.e.
an estimate of the growth rate at the
time 7 = t hours. (2/0)
t
( ) t N

2 5 000
4 15 000
6 40 000
8 109 000
10 300 000
We may plot the data, and find the
slope of the tangent to the curve at
h t 7 = : [1/0]
( ) h bacteria N / 000 32
5
000 160
7 = ~ '
Answer: ( ) h bacteria N / 000 32 7 ~ ' [1/0]
0
80000
160000
240000
320000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
t (h)
N
(
t
)
( ) t N


7. A school for adults is maybe moving from the city centre to the western outskirts.
Therefore, all 2400 students were given a survey about the move. Out of the 60% that
answered the survey 70 % were positive about moving. Out of those who did not answer
the survey, 250 persons were randomly chosen and interviewed over the phone. Out of
these, 100 persons were positive about the move.

If the students are to decide, should the school move?
1
(2/0)


1008 70 . 60 . 400 2 = positive

960 40 . 400 2 = did not answer
384
250
100
960 = positive [1/0]
576 384 960 = negative

If all of those who did not answer in the original survey has the same
opinion as those who were contacted randomly 58% of students are
positive for moving:
% 58 58 . 0
400 2
1392
400 2
1008 384
= = =
+

Answer: 58%, i.e. majority of students are positive for moving. [1/0]
Note: Statistcs is no longer part of mathematics course C.

1
Note that Statistics is no longer part of mathematics course C.

8. In some cases the doctor needs to know the area of the patients body to be able to decide on
the amount of medicine the patient should be given. Since there is no easy way to measure the
area of the body the following formula has been agreed on:
8564 . 1 log 725 . 0 log 425 . 0 log + + = H M S
where S is the body area in
2
cm , M is the weight in kg and H is the length in cm.
a. Fredriks weight is 79 kg and his length is 184 cm. Calculate Fredriks body area
using the formula above. (1/1)

To reduce the work of calculations in difficult situations within the health care environment
the formula has been translated into a diagram, a so-called nomogram. The nomogram can be
used to directly find a patients body area.

b. A patient who weighs 60 kg and is 167 cm tall was prescribed the medicine
Methodrexat for the disease rheumatism. The prescription was
2
/ 7 m mg . What
amount of medicine should the patient be given? (1/0)
The problem can be solved by using the nomogram below.
a. Data: kg 79 = M , cm 184 = H , ? = S
8564 . 1 log 725 . 0 log 425 . 0 log + + = H M S
8564 . 1 184 log 725 . 0 79 log 425 . 0 log + + = S
4.30 log = S [1/0]
2 2 4.30
000 20 19952.6 10 cm cm S ~ = =
Answer:
2
000 20 cm S ~ [0/1]
Nomogram, adults
For the determination of body area from length and weight
2

b. Data: kg 60 = M , 167cm = H , ? = S
Using the graph, if 167cm = H is
connected to the point of mass
kg 60 = M , the line cuts the body-
area which is
2
67 . 1 m S =
( ) ( ) mg m m mg m 12 11.7 67 . 1 / 7
2 2
~ = =
[1/0]

Second method:
8564 . 1 log 725 . 0 log 425 . 0 log + + = H M S
4.22 log = S
2 2 22 . 4
67 . 1 733 16 10 m cm S = = =
2
67 . 1 m S =
( ) ( ) mg m m mg m 12 11.7 67 . 1 / 7
2 2
~ = =
[1/0]

2
From Du Bois and Du Bois. Arch.intern.Med., 17, 863 (1916): (S: body area in cm2, M: weight in kg, H: length in cm),
Adabtion from: S =M0.425 H0.725 71.84, or lg S = lgM 0.425 + lgH 0.725 + 1.8564 Geigy Scientific Tables, 8th
edition. Published by Ciba-Geigy Limited, Basel, Schweiz.

9. For a certain function ( ) x f it holds that:
- ( ) 12 + = ' x a x f
- ( ) 0 2 = ' f
In the figures below the graphs to some functions ( ) x f y = are drawn.
Which of the graphs A to F satisfies the conditions above? (1/2)
The answer must be justified.

Sugested solutions:Answer: D.
( ) 0 2 = ' f means that the function ( ) x f has a local extreme point at 2 = x .
This means simultaneousely, C, D, E, and F. But ( ) 12 + = ' x a x f means that
( ) 12 0 = ' f . [1/0]
( ) 0 f ' is negative for the functions which are plotted in the figures C and E.
( ) 12 0 < ' f for the function plotted in the figure F. [0/1]
The only function which satisfies both ( ) 12 0 = ' f , and ( ) 0 2 = ' f is the function
whose graph is plotted in the figure D. [0/1]

10. Find the smallest number of terms that has to be added in the expression
( ) ( ) ( ) ... 003 . 1 700 003 . 1 700 003 . 1 700 700
3 2
+ + + +
if the sum is to exceed 85 000. (1/2)
Sugested solutions: Answer: 103 = n , i.e. 104 terms.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 000 85 003 . 1 700 ... 003 . 1 700 003 . 1 700 003 . 1 700 700
103 3 2
103
> + + + + + = S .
( ) ( ) ( ) 000 85 ... 003 . 1 700 003 . 1 700 003 . 1 700 700
3 2
> + + + + =
n
S
is a geometric series with 700 = a , 003 . 1 = k , 000 85 >
n
S . ? = n
( )
1
1
1
...
1 2
=

= + + + + =

k
k
k a
k a k a k a a S
n
n
n

( ) ( )
000 85
1 003 . 1
1 003 . 1 700
>

n
( )
( )( )
1
700
003 . 0 000 85
003 . 1 + >
n
( ) 1.36 003 . 1 >
n
[1/1]

( ) ( ) 1.36 log 003 . 1 log >
n
( ) ( ) 1.36 log 003 . 1 log > n ( ) ( ) 1.36 log 003 . 1 log > n
( )
( ) 003 . 1 log
1.36 log
> n
( )
( )
102.65
003 . 1 log
1.36 log
= > n 103 = n [0/1]

11. A circular piece of paper with radius 6.4 cm is folded so that a cylindrical paper
mould for pastries is obtained (see figure).

By using the
derivative, calculate
how the piece of paper
must be folded to
obtain the largest
possible volume of the
paper mould. (0/4)

Sugested solutions:
Answer: cm r 4.3 =
Lets name the radius of the
cylinder r . The height of the
cylinder is then cm r h = 4 . 6
Volume of the cylinder is
( )
3 2 2
4 . 6 cm r r h r V = = t t . [0/1]
The maximum volume is associated
with the point where 0 = ' V .
( )
3 2 2
4 . 6 4 . 6 r r r r V = = t t t
( ) 0 3 8 . 12 3 8 . 12
2
= = = ' r r r r V t t t
0 = r ; cm r r 4.27
3
8 . 12
8 . 12 3 = = = ;
r cm 1 cm 4.3

cm 5
V'
+ 0
_
V

max

According to the table above,
the volume of the cylinder is
maximum at cm r 4.3 = . [0/1]
Answer: cm r 4.3 =


12. The figure shows the derivative ( ) x f ' of the function ( ) x f .

For what value/values of x has the curve
of the functiona ( ) x f tangent line that is
parallel to the line 0 1 2 = y x ? (0/3)

Sugested solutions:
0 1 2 = y x
y x 2 1= 1 2 = x y
2
1
2
1
= x y
2
1
= k . [0/1]
Answer: At the points 1
1
= x , 3
2
= x , ( ) 5 . 0 3 = ' f . Therefore, the tangent
to the curve of the function ( ) x f is parallel to
2
1
2
1
= x y . [0/2]

13. Calculate the shortest vertical
distance d between the curve
( )
x
e x f = and the line ( ) x x g 2 = (see
figure). Give an exact answer.
(0/3)

Sugested solutions:
Answer: 2 ln 2 2 = d
( ) ( ) x e x g x f y
x
2 =
( ) ( ) 0 2 = = ' ' = '
x
e x g x f y 2 =
x
e
2 ln ln =
x
e [0/1] 2 ln = x

the shortest vertical distance d between the curve ( )
x
e x f = and the
line ( ) x x g 2 = is at 2 ln = x
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( ) 2 ln 2 2 2 ln 2 2 ln 2 ln 2 ln
2 ln
= = = e g f y d . [0/1]
Answer: 2 ln 2 2 = d [0/1]


14. Helen was born on January 31 1999
and at that time her weight was 3.2
kg. From the age of two weeks her
weight was registered at different
points of time. The result is shown as
points in the diagram illustrated in the
figure below. A smooth curve has
been adjusted to the points.

a. Calculate Helens growth rate at the
age of five months.
The curve can be said to resemble the graph
to x y = . Let us therefore assume that the
curve can be described by the mathematical
model b x a y + = where y is the
weight in kg , and x is the age in months,
a and b are constants.
b. Use the figure to determine the constants a and b so that the model corresponds to
the curve.
c. Investigate if the model is in good correspondence with the curve with respect to
weight and growth rate. Does the model have any restrictions?
Sugested solutions:
a. ( ) month kg y / 5 . 0
8 10
9 10
5 =
= ' [2/0]
b. b x a y + =
Using the graph:
( )
( )
=
=
9 9
6 3
y
y
= +
= +
1 . 9 9
1 . 6 3
b a
b a
[0/1]
3 1 . 6 1 . 9 3 9 = = a a
( ) 3 3 9 = a ( ) 3 3 3 = a
( )
( ) ( ) 3 3 3 3
3 3 3
3 3
3
+
+
=
= a
( )
2
3 3
3 9
3 3 3 +
=
+
= a
4 . 2
2
3 3
~
+
= a
3 1 . 6 = a b
2
3 3 3 2 . 12
3
2
3 3
1 . 6

=
+
= b

0 . 2
2
3 3 2 . 9
=

= b

c. kg x y 0 . 2 4 . 2 + = [0/1]
The model is reasonably good and fits the
data except for 0 = x . It is not valid for high
values of x . i.e. it is only valid for small
children.
0,0
1,0
2,0
3,0
4,0
5,0
6,0
7,0
8,0
9,0
10,0
11,0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
x (months)
y

(
k
g
)
2
3 3 2 . 9
2
3 3
+
+
= x y


kg x y 0 . 2 4 . 2 + ~
month kg
x
y /
2
4 . 2
~ '
Answer:
month kg
x
y /
2 , 1
~ ' [0/1]
( ) month kg y /
5 2
4 . 2
5
= '
( ) month kg y / 3 . 5 5 ~ '

month x
kg x y 0 . 2 4 . 2 + ~
Weight
(kg)
( ) month kg y / 3 . 5 5 ~ '
0 2.0 3.2
1 4.4 4.3 1.20
2 5.3 5.3 0.85
3 6.1 6.1 0.69
5 7.3 7.3 0.54
9 9.1 9.1 0.40
12 10.2 10.2 0.35
The model is a reasonable for infants. As the table above and the graph in the
previouse page illustrate, both the weight of the infant and the rate the
babys weight changes are reasonably close to the values estimated by the
model.
The main restriction of the model is its limitation on its domain. It is only
valid for infant younger than 12 months. [1/1]
The presentation is structured, and mathematical language is correct. [1/2]



Allmnna riktlinjer fr bedmning
1. Allmnt

Bedmning ska ske utgende frn lroplanens och kursplanens ml samt betygskriterier, och med
hnsyn tagen till den tolkning av dessa dokument som gjorts lokalt.
2. Positiv bedmning

Utgngspunkten r att eleverna ska f pong fr lsningarnas frtjnster och inte pongavdrag fr
fel och brister. Uppgifterna ska bedmas med hgst det antal pong som anges i provhf-tet.
3. g- och vg-pong

Fr att tydliggra anknytningen till betygskriterierna fr betyget Godknd respektive betyget Vl
godknd anvndes separata g- och vg-pongskalor vid bedmningen. Utdelad g- och vg-pong p
en uppgift anges tskilda av ett snedstreck 1/0, 2/1 o.s.v.
4. Uppgifter av kortsvarstyp (Endast svar fordras)

4.1 Godtagbart svar ger 1 eller 2 pong enligt bedmningsanvisningen.
4.2 Bedmning av brister i svarets utformning, som t.ex. otillrcklig frenkling, felaktig nog-
grannhet, felaktigt avrundat svar, utelmnad eller felaktig enhet lmnas till lokala beslut.
5. Uppgifter av lngsvarstyp

5.1 Ett svar med t.ex. enbart resultatet av en berkning utan motivering ger inga pong. Fr full
pong krvs korrekt redovisning fram till ett godtagbart svar eller slutsats. Redovis-ningen ska
vara tillrckligt utfrlig och uppstlld p ett sdant stt att tankegngen kan fljas.
5.2 D +1g eller +1vg anges i bedmningsanvisningen ska de angivna minimikraven upp-fyllas
fr att erhlla 1 pong i tillgg till tidigare erhllna g- eller vg-pong.
5.3 Nr bedmningsanvisningen t.ex. anger +1-2g (eller +1-2vg) innehller den frvntade
redovisningen flera komponenter eller tankesteg som kan anses motsvara de angivna po-ngen.
Exempel p bedmda elevarbeten ges i anvisningarna d det kan anses srskilt p-kallat. Kraven
fr delpongen bestms i vrigt lokalt.
5.4 Frgan om hur vissa typfel ska pverka bedmningen lmnas till lokala beslut. Det kan t.ex.
glla missuppfattning av uppgift, fel i deluppgift eller fljdfel, formella fel och rk-nefel.
6. Aspektbedmning

Vissa mer omfattande uppgifter ska bedmas utifrn de tre aspekterna Metodval och genom-
frande, Matematiskt resonemang samt Matematiskt sprk och redovisningens klarhet och
tydlighet som var fr sig ger g- och vg-pong enligt bedmningsanvisningarna.
7. Krav fr olika provbetyg

7.1 Den p hela provet utdelade pongen summeras dels till en totalsumma och dels till en summa
vg-pong.
7.2 Kravet fr provbetyget Godknd uttrycks som en minimigrns fr totalsumman.
7.3 Kravet fr provbetyget Vl godknd uttrycks som en minimigrns fr totalsumman med
tillgget att ett visst minimivrde fr summan vg-pong mste uppns.
7.4
3
Som krav fr att en elevs prov skall betraktas som en indikation p betyget Mycket vl
godknd anges minimigrnsen fr den uppndda totalsumman pong och den uppndda summan
vg-pong. Dessutom anges kvalitativa minimikrav fr redovisningarna p vissa speciellt mrkta
() uppgifter.

3
gller endast de som fljer styrdokumenten 2000

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