078MODEL MAINTENANCE COURSE

DASAR MESIN

PT. HINO MOTORS SALES INDONESIA 2005

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN

A. PROSES PEMBAKARAN PADA MESIN

UDARA

PANAS

BAHAN BAKAR

RUANG BAKAR

SILINDER PISTON

CONNECTING ROD

CRANKSHAFT

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN

MESIN 4 LANGKAH
4X GERAKAN PISTON 2X PUTARAN POROS ENGKOL 1X USAHA/PEMBAKARAN HISAP (SUCTION)

BUANG (EXHAUST)

KOMPRESI (COMPRESSION)

USAHA (WORK)

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN

B. PRINSIP KERJA MESIN DIESEL & BENSIN

LANGKAH HISAP
MESIN DIESEL MESIN BENSIN

HANYA UDARA

UDARA + BAHAN BAKAR

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN LANGKAH KOMPRESI

MESIN DIESEL MESIN BENSIN

500o C
1 1 9 20

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN

LANGKAH USAHA MESIN DIESEL INJECTION NOZZLE MESIN BENSIN BUSI

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN

LANGKAH BUANG MESIN DIESEL MESIN BENSIN

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN

C. GAMBARAN UMUM DIESEL & MESIN BENSIN

Mesin Item MESIN DIESEL * Memerlukan setengah dari jumlah bahan bakar mesin bensin. * Gangguan lebih sedikit. * Torsi besar pada putaran mesin yang rendah. Solar Pembakaran Kompresi MESIN BENSIN

GAMBARAN

* Bobot lebih ringan. * Volume silinder lebih kecil. * Getaran dan suara lebih halus Bensin Elektik busi 6-10 Udara dan bahan bakar dicampur di karburator Oleh distributor.

BAHAN BAKAR PEMBAKARAN

PERBANDINGAN 15-22 KOMPRESI PENGIRIMAN BAHAN Injeksi bahan bakar BAKAR PEMBAKARAN PADA Putaran cam shaft pompa injeksi TIAP SILINDER

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN MOMENT (satuan Kg.m)

KEMAMPUAN PUNTIR YANG DIHASILKAN OLEH SUATU GAYA DAN JARAK GAYA (Kg)

PADA MESIN :

GAYA ADALAH TEKANAN AKIBAT PEMBAKARAN YANG DITERUSKAN KE CRANK SHAFT MELALUI CONNECTING ROD. PANJANG TUAS = JARAK ANTARA TITIK CRANK JURNAL DAN CRANK PIN

JARAK (M)

TORSI (T) = GAYA (F) X JARAK (R)

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN MAKSIMUM HORSE POWER (HP/PS)

1m

BEBAN SEBERAT 75 kg DIANGKAT SETINGGI 1 m DALAM WAKTU 1 detik

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN KURVA PERFORMA MESIN

DAYA MESIN

DK

MOMEN

PEMAKAIAN BAHAN BAKAR SPESIFIK

300 250 200 150 GR / (DK.HR)

500

800

1100

1400 1700

2000 2300

PUTARAN MESIN ( RPM)

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN

D. KONSTRUKSI MESIN DIESEL

Komponen Utama
Intake manifold Rocker arm Exhaust manifold Piston Intake air heater Fuel filter Injection nozzle Intake valve Exhaust valve

Connecting rod Piston ring Cylinder liner Cam shaft Cylinder liner Crank shaft Oil pump Crank shaft Piston

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN

E. JENIS RUANG BAKAR

1. Tipe Direct injection (Injeksi langsung)
TOROIDAL SHAPE
Nozzle (170 - 220kg/cm 2 )

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN 2. Tipe Pre-chamber (Ruang Bantu)

NOZZLE

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN 3. Swirl chamber (Kamar pusar)

NOZZLE

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN

F. FIRING ORDER
DIAGRAM KERJA MOTOR 4 LANGKAH FIRING ORDER (FO) 1 4 2 6 3 5
LK. SIL. 0O 60O 120O 180O 240O 300O 360O 420O 480O 540O 600O 660O 720O

1 2 3 4 5 6
HA

HISAP BUANG

KOMPRESI HISAP

USAHA KOMPRESI

BUANG USAUSAKOBUHIHIKOMPRESI

MPRESI ANG SAP

USAHA HISAP

BUANG KOMPRESI USAHA

HISAP USAHA BUANG

KOMPRESI

USAHA

BUANG

HISAP

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN

G. SISTEM PELUMAS

VACUUM PUMP CAMSHAFT OIL COOLER INJECTION PUMP OIL COOLER SAFETY VALVE OIL PUMP OIL PUMP SAFETY VALVE OIL FILTER SAFETY VALVE PRESSURE REGULATOR VALVE PISTON COOLING JET CRANKSHAFT

OIL FILTER

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN

Oil Flow
Roller Pin Roller Cam
Adjusting Screw Cross Head

J08C and J08C-TI Engine [kpa{kgf/cm2}] Rocker Arm Rocker Shaft ( Air Compressor ) Crankshaft Sub Oil Hole Oil jet 245{2.5} Main Idler Gear Shaft Connecting Rod Injection Pump

Camshaft
Cam Idle Gear Shaft Sub Idle Gear Shaft Turbocharger

Main Oil Hole

Oil Filter Safety Valve

Oil Filter
Regulator Valve

Oil Cooler Safety Valve

Oil Cooler
Relief Valve 1648{16.8}

Oil Pump Oil Strainer Oil Pan

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN

H. SISTEM BAHAN BAKAR

INJECTION PIPE LEAKAGE PIPE INJECTION PUMP PRIMING PUMP FEED PUMP TIMER THROUGH-FEED VALVE GOVERNOR NOZZLE

FUEL TANK

FUEL FILTER

PRIMARY FILTER WATER SEPARATOR DRAIN PLUG

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN SISTEM BAHAN BAKAR

GOVERNOR PUMP BODY

FUEL FEED PUMP TIMER

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN SISTEM BAHAN BAKAR

CAP NUT NO.1 VALVE OPENING PRESSURE ADJUST SCREW

GASKET

SPRING SEAT NO.2 PRESSURE SPRING SPRING SEAT KNOCK PIN SPACER RETAINING NUT NOZZLE ASSEMBLY

NO.1 PRESSURE SPRING

PUSH ROD PRELIFT SPRING SEAT ADJUST SHIM LIFT PIECE NOZZLE NEEDLE NOZZLE ASSEMBLY SPRING SEAT KNOCK PIN SPACER RETAINING NUT

Nozzle cross section (Made by Zexel) Nozzle cross section (Made by Denso)

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN

I. SISTEM PENDINGIN
HEADER TANK THERMOSTAT CYLINDER HEAD

RADIATOR

WATER LEVEL SWITCH

COOLANT PUMP CYLINDER BLOCK

OIL COOLER

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN

Inlet control water cooling system

Outlet control Outlet control Thermostat
Radiator Radiator

Inlet control Thermostat

P-E/G

J-E/G

Water pump

Water pump

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN

Water flow

Reservoir Tank

J08C / J08C-TI Engine

Radiator

Thermostat

Cylinder Head

Coolant Pump

Cylinder Block Oil Cooler

Cab Heater

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN 1. Radiator

OVERFLOW PIPE RADIATOR CORE RADIATOR CAP RADIATOR HOSE THERMOSTAT UPPER TANK DARI CYLINDER HEAD
COOLING AIR

WATER PUMP KE CYLINDER BLOCK

LOWER TANK COOLING FAN DRAIN COCK RADIATOR RADIATOR HOSE

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN 2. Tutup Radiator

PRESSURE VALVE FUNCTION RADIATOR CAP VALVE SPRING

VACUM VALVE FUNCTION

TO RESERVOIR TANK RADIATOR UPPER TANK PRESSURE VALVE VACUUM VALVE FROM RESERVOIR TANK

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN 3. Thermostat

AIR

AIR

WATER PRESSURE

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN 4. Fan Clutch

COUPLING ROTOR BEARING CASE SLIDE VALVE THERMOSTAT COUPLING SHAFT INFLOW HOLE SLIDE VALVE STORAGE CHAMBER DRIVE CHAMBER THERMOSTAT LABYRINTH ROD BEARING CASE COUPLING SHAFT LABYRINTH

COUPLING CASE COUPLING CASE

COOLING FAN

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN

J. SISTEM KELISTRIKAN
1. BATTERY
Terminal Lid Cell plug Positive plate Connector Pole Separator Pole

Battery jar Glass mat Negative plate Positive plate Glass mat Negative plate Separator

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN 2. STARTER

Engage switch Motor Shift lever

Pinion clutch

Reduction gear

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN 3. GENERATOR (1) Alternator

Stator core Stator coil

Rotor core Fun Diode Roller bearing Ball bearing Pulley Field coil

Rear bracket

Front bracket

(2) Alternator capacity (W) W (watt) = Voltage (V) X Current (A)

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN Rangkain Sistem Pengisian Mesin J08C

KETERANGAN :
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Alternator Condenser Diode Stator coil Field coil IC regulator 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Charge warning lamp Fuse Starter switch Load Batere

I. PENGETAHUAN DASAR MESIN Rangkain Sistem Pengisian Mesin P11C

KETERANGAN :
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Alternator Condenser Diode Stator coil Field coil IC regulator 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Charge warning lamp Fuse Starter switch Load Batere