• Will health education on problems

challenging the young generation

among higher secondary school
children (ix & xi std) increase their
awareness in a significant way?
• half of the world population ( 3 billion
people are <25 yrs of age)

• they are thus representing the largest

cohort of young people in the human
history

• far too many of them confront bleak

prospective no matter where they are
born.
• lives of young people are shaped by
forces unseen and beyond their control.
• to mention a few…….
Presence of poverty
Incidence of crime
Child abuse
Access to affordable
health services
• 5% of death worldwide is between the
age group of 15-29yrs
• incidence of cancer ,cvs disease,
depression ,chronic lung conditions ,HIV-
aids can be considerably decreased by
preventing certain behavioral pattern.
• Tobacco use
• Behavior that results in injury and violence
• Alcohol and substance use
• Faulty dietary and hygienic practices that
cause disease
• Sedentary life style
• Sexual behavior that causes unintended
pregnancy and disease
 OBJECTIVE
To increase the awareness on
HIV-AIDS, smoking, alcoholism
among the students of class ix
and xi std.
TYPE OF STUDY

We did a educational
intervention of before and
after comparison study
without control.
Sample population :
students of ix and xi std
of 4 schools.

Sample size = 370

students. (100 students
from each school)

Sampling:Convenient
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1 34 12 9.18 3.24 11.22 <0.001
2 135 82 36.5 22.2 18.32 <0.001
3 22 2 5.9 0.54 17.23 <0.001
4 157 122 42.4 32.9 7.05 <0.001
5 113 54 30.5 14.6 26.92 <0.001
6 186 103 50.3 27.8 39.11 <0.001
7 16 4 4.3 1.08 7.40 <0.001
8 38 27 10.3 7.29 2.04 0.153
9 39 14 10.5 3.8 12.7 <0.001
10 241 201 65.2 54.3 8.99 <0.001
11 28 19 7.6 5.2 1.84 0.1749
12 250 173 67.6 46.7 32.72 <0.001
13 127 73 34.3 19.7 19.98 <0.001
14 166 110 44.8 29.7 18.12 <0.001
15 22 10 5.9 2.7 4.7 <0.001
 CALCULATION OF TEST OF
SIGNIFICANCE
STUDY MEAN SD
GROUP
PRETEST 370 10.6 2.472

POSTTEST 370 12.4 2.025

S = n1(S1)2 + n2(S2)2 = 2.258 CR = X1 – X2 = 11. 25

------------------------
1 + 1
n1 + n2
n1 n2
Comparing the critical ratio with the table
value, we find that
11.25 >> 2.96

hence the difference between the pre

and post test scores is statistically
significant with p value <0.001
LIMITATIONS OF OUR STUDY

• The health education was not

reinforced.
• We did not take into account the socio-
economic backgrounds of the students
within the same school.
OTHER RELATED STUDIES

FRESH ( Focusing Resources On Effective School

Health) - a part of school health services.

Aids prevention and control program . (APAC)

In rural Maharashtra, a study done among married

adolescents reported 48% of boys and 3% of girls as
having premarital sex,
Recent studies indicate that the incidence of rape in
the under-10 age group has increased by 84%
between 1990 and 1994, while the general incidence
of reported rape in all age groups has increased from
20,194 in 1990 to 21,500 as of October 1995. These
figures represent only the tip of the iceberg.

Studies in 1993 estimates that 15% of secondary

school girls have been sexually abused. The Social
Welfare Board reports increased molestation, rape,
sexual abuse of progressively younger children more
within the family than outside.
• www.who.in
• Textbook of PSM by Park,17th edn.
• Textbook of Biostatistics by Sundarakumar
• Continuum Of Care For HIV/AIDS- Handbook
for health care providers.
• www.naco.co.nic.in/vsnaco/indiascene/update
Many school children were
unaware of the fact that HIV is
incurable and drugs available are
just prolonging the life span by
some years .
passive smoking –students did not
know what is passive smoking and
in health education we emphasize
on what is passive smoking and
what are the hazards of it and how
it can be prevented
To emphasize through group
discussions and role play the
fact that HIV is not curable and
the only vaccine available is
“prevention”
passive smoking is very much
prevalent in people of low socio
economic status. this has to be
paid attention to through health
education
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