Chapter II PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA This chapter presents the data that were gathered.

The data were further analyzed and interpreted in tabular and textual forms to answer each specific problems of this study.

1.) Problem 1. What is the socio demographic profile of the respondents? Table 2 shows the socio demographic profile of the respondents. On age It can be gleaned from the table that most (18 or 41.9 percent) of the respondents are five years old. There are eight or 18.6 percent of the respondents who are six years old. On Sex Majority of the respondents are female, while there 20 or 46.5 percent of the respondents are males.

Table 2 Distribution of the Respondents in Terms of Socio Demographic Factors Variables f % Age 4 years old 17 39.5 5 years old 18 41.9 6 years old 8 18.6 Total 43 100.0 Sex female 23 53.5 male 20 46.5 Total 43 100.0 Weight (in kilograms) 21 kgs and above 1 2.3 16kgs 20kgs 10 23.3 11 kgs 15kgs 27 62.8 10 kgs and below 5 11.6 Total 43 100

Height (in cm) 121 cm and above 116 cm 120 cm 111 cm 115 cm 110 cm and below Total Position in the Family 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Others Total Parents Educational Attainment No formal schooling Elementary Undergraduate Elementary graduate High school Undergraduate High school graduate College Undergraduate College graduate Post Graduate Total Parents Occupation No Job Semi Skilled Skilled Total Family Monthly Income Php 20,000 and above Php 15,000 19,999 Php 10,000 14,999 Php 5,000 9,999 Php 4,999 and below Total Family Size 2 3 F 2 4 5 8 10 14 43 1 38 4 43

6 11 15 11 43 19 13 6 3 2 43 Father % 4.7 9.3 11.6 18.6 23.2 32.6 100 2.3 88.4 9.3 100.0 6 1 3 15 18 43 2 9

14.0 25.6 34.8 25.6 100.0 44.1 30.2 14.0 7.0 4.7 100.0 mother F % 4 9.3 4 9.3 14 32.6 7 16.2 14 32.6 43 100.0 37 4 2 43 86.0 9.3 4.7 100.0 14.0 2.3 7.0 34.8 41.9 100 4.6 20.9

4 5 6 Total

18 6 8 43

41.9 14.0 18.6 100.0

On Weight Majority (27 or 62.8 percent) of the respondents belong to the weight bracket of 11 15 kilograms, while the least (1 or 2.3 percent) of the respondents are in the weight bracket of 21 kilograms and above. On Height The greater percentage (15 or 34.9 percent) of the respondents are in the height bracket of 111 115 centimeters. There are six or 14.0 percent of the respondents who are in the height bracket of 121 centimeters and above. On Position in the Family It can be gleaned from the table that most (19 or 44.1 percent) of the respondents are oldest in the family. The least (2 or 4.7 percent) of the respondents have other position in the family. On Fathers Educational Attainment It is observed from the table that most (14 or 32.6 percent) of the fathers are college graduate, meanwhile there are two or 4.7 percent of the fathers who are elementary undergraduate. On Mothers Educational Attainment It is also observed from the table that most (14 or 32.6 percent) of the mothers are college graduate and high school graduate. The least (4 or 9.3 percent) of the mothers are high school undergraduate and elementary graduate. On Fathers Occupation It can be gleaned from the table that majority (38 or 88.4 percent) of the fathers are semi skilled workers. There is only one or 2.3 percent of the fathers who have no job.

On Mothers Occupation The data from the table also shows that majority (37 or 86.0 percent) of the mothers have no job. There are two or 4.7 percent of the mothers who are skilled workers. On Family Monthly Income The greater percentage (18 or 41.9 percent) of the respondents has a family monthly income of 4,999 pesos and below. The least (1 or 2.3 percent) of the respondents have a family monthly income of 15,000 pesos 19,999 pesos.

Problem 2. What is the nutritional status of preschool children in Mabilbila Sur and Norte, Santa, Ilocos Sur?

Table 3 shows the item mean responses of the respondents on the nutritional status of the preschool children in Mabilbila Sur and Norte, Santa, Ilocos Sur. The data from the table reveals that the nutritional status of the preschool children obtained a grand mean rating 2.99 and it is described as Usually. Table 3 Item Mean Rating of the Respondents on the Nutritional Status of the Preschool Children Health Practices Mean DR A. Eating Process 1. Washes hand before and after eating. 3.58 A 2. Eats foods that are thoroughly washed and uncontaminated 3.67 A with flies and insects. 3. Drinks 6 8 glasses of water everyday. 3.07 U 4. Drinks 2 glasses of milk everyday. 2.16 S 5. My child doesnt eat breakfast before going to school. 2.47 S 6. My child buys and eats plenty of foods on his/her way home 2.12 S to school. 7. My child does not eta enough food during meal time. 2.12 S 8. My child does not eat the right kind of food during the meal 1.86 S time.

9. My child overeats during meal time. 10. My child does not eta on meal time. Overall B. Food Preferences 1. Eats green leafy and yellow vegetables like malungay, kangkong, and squash. 2. Eats orange, guavas, and other Vit. C rich foods. 3. Eats foods rich in calcium and phosphorus like milk, eggs, etc. 4. Avoid coke, sprite, and other carbonated drinks. 5. Avoid candies and junk foods between meals except those with the Sangkap Pinoy seal. 6. Eats energy giving foods such as rice, bread and root crops daily. 7. Eats protein rich foods such as meat, fish and legume daily. 8. Eats raw uncooked foods. 9. My child eats junk foods in school. 10. My child prefer to eta junk foods in school. Overall C. Foods Supplementation 1. Take Vit. A Supplementation. 2. Take Vit. C Supplementation. 3. Take Vit. B complex Supplementation. 4. Take iron Supplementation. Overall Grand Mean Legend: Items 3.26 4.00 Always (A) 2.51 3.25 Usually (U) 1.76 2.50 Sometimes (S) 1.01 1.75 Never (N)

2.00 2.44 2.55 3.51 3.60 2.42 2.44 3.67 3.62 1.16 2.91 3.02 2.95 2.93 3.49 3.47 3.49 3.47 3.48 2.99

S S U A A S S A A N U U U U A A A A A U

On Eating Process It is observed from the table that on eating process, the respondents obtained an overall mean rating of 2.55 and it is described as Usually. On the items Washes hand before and after eating Washes hand before and after eating, and Eats foods that are thoroughly washed and uncontaminated with flies and insects obtained a mean ratings of 3.58 and 3.67 respectively was described as Always. The respondents Usually on the item

Drinks 6 8 glasses of water everyday., with the obtained mean rating of 3.07. It is also found out that all the other items on eating process of the respondents had a mean described as Sometimes. On Food Preferences It can be gleaned from the table that the food preferences of the respondents obtained an overall mean rating of 2.93 and it is described as Usually. The respondents are Never on the item My child does not eta enough food during meal time. with the obtained mean rating of 1.16. Moreover, the respondents are Sometimes on the items Eats foods rich in calcium and phosphorus like milk, eggs, etc. and Avoid coke, sprite, and other carbonated drinks., with the obtained mean ratings of 2.44 and 3.67 respectively. The respondents are Usually on the items Eats raw uncooked foods., My child eats junk foods in school. and My child prefer to eta junk foods in school.. All the other items under food preferences obtained a mean described as Always. On Food Supplementations Further analysis of the table also reveals that the food supplementations of the respondents obtained an overall mean rating of .48 and it is described as Always. It is also observed that all the items under the food supplementations obtained a mean described as Always.

Problem 3. Is there a significant relationship between the nutritional status and the Socio- Demographic Factors of the respondents?

Table 5 Correlation between the Level Nutritional Status and the Socio-Demographic of the Respondents r- value r-tabular Decision Components ** 0.686 0.000 Reject Ho Age

Sex Position in the Family Mothers educational attainment Fathers educational attainment Mothers Occupation Fathers Occupation Monthly Family Income Family Size Legend: **Significant at .01 levels

-0.028 -0.149 -0.141 0.136 0.028 -0.048 -0.007 -0.077

0.062 0.340 0.367 0.386 0.858 0.761 0.964 0.621

Do Not Reject Ho Do Not Reject Ho Do Not Reject Ho Do Not Reject Ho Do Not Reject Ho Do Not Reject Ho Do Not Reject Ho Do Not Reject Ho

The data from the table reveals that the result of correlation done between the nutritional status and socio demographic profile of the respondents had relationship. It is observed on age with the obtained r-value of 0.686 which is greater than the tabular value of 0.000 so therefore, significant relationship exists. This implies that the age is significantly correlated with the nutritional status of the respondents. Further analysis of the table reveals that all the other components of the socio demographic profile of the respondents and the nutritional status had no relationship. It backed up by the obtained r values of -0.028 on sex, -0.149 on position in the family, -0.141 on mothers educational attainment, 0.136 on fathers educational attainment, 0.028 on mothers occupation, -0.048 on fathers occupation, -0.007 on monthly family income, and -0.077 on family size. Therefore, the nutritional status of the respondents had no relationship with sex, position in the family, mothers educational attainment, fathers educational attainment, mothers occupation, fathers occupation, monthly family income, and family size.