CHEMISTRY - CLASS XI

Chapter I

Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry

Q.1. (CO: 1 to understand the concept of laws of chemical combination, through discussion and problem solving) Qn.1.Nitrogen forms various oxides as given below. (a) Identify the law of oxide Mass of N2 Mass of O2 chemical combination (g) (g) illustrated by these data ? Oxide I 14 16 Substantiate your answer. (2) Oxide II 14 32 Oxide III 28 16 (b) Determine the formula of each Oxide IV 28 48 oxide from the given data (1) (Hint : Formula of first oxide is NO) Qn. ss\{S-P cq]o-Icn-p hyXykvX HmIvssk-Up-Isf kw_-n-p hnh-c (a)

(b)

Xmsg-sm-Sp-n-cn-p-p. Cu hnh-c- GXp cmk kwtbm-P\ \nb-as-bmWv km[q-Icn-p-Xv ? hni-Z-am-p-I. (2) Xn-cn-p hnh-c{]-Imcw cq]o-Icn sSp HmIvssk-Up-IfpsS cmk-kq{Xw Fgp-Xp-I. (1)

Time : 6 minutes Score : 3

Scoring key and Indicators (a) Law of Multiple proportions (1), Justification (1) (b) NO2, N2O, N2O3 (1) CO : 3 To understand mole concept through discussion, problem solving and assignments. Q.2. Complete the following table

Volume at STP 100 L of CO2 ____________ ____________

No. of moles ___________ 0.5 mole of N2 ___________

Mass in grams _____________ _____________ 20 g. of CH4

Xmsg-sm-Sp-n-cn-p ]nI ]q-am-p-I.

STP bnep hym]vXw tamfp-IfpsS Fw 100 en CO2 ___________ ____________ 0.5 tam N2 ____________ ___________

{Kman-ep `mcw
_____________ _____________ 20g. CH4 Time : 5 minutes Score : 3

Indicators and Scoring Key 100 L CO2 4.46 mole 11.2 LN2 0.5 mole N2 28 L CH4 1.25 mole

196 g 14 g 20 g CH4

+ = 1 score + = 1 score + = 1 score

CO : 3 To understand mole concept through discussion, problem solving and assignment. Q.3 Arrange the following in the increasing order of their mass. (a) 1 g of Ca (b) 12 amu of carbon 23 (c) 6.02 x 10 molecules of CO2 (d) 11.2 L of N2 at STP (e) 1 mole of H2O

Xmsg-sm-Sp-n-cn-p-hsb `mcns Btcm-lW {Ia-n {Iao-Icn-p-I. (a) 1 g Imkyw (b) 12 amu Im_ 23 (c) 6.02 x 10 CO2 Xm-{X-I (d) 11.2 L of N2 at STP
(e) 1 mole of H2O Indicators and Scoring Key 12 (a) 1 g (b) 6.023 x1023 (b) < (a) < (d) < (e) < (c)

(c) 44 g (1)

(d) 14g

(e) 18g

(1) Total 2

C.O : 4 To elicit the idea of stoichiometry of chemical reaction through problem solving and assignments. Q.4. Nitrogen and hydrogen react to form ammonia according to the reaction. N2 + 3H2
(g) (g)

2NH3

(g)

If 750 L of H2 react with 500 L of N2 under similar conditions of temperature and pressure. (a) Calculate the volume of ammonia that will be formed in the reaction. (b) If any of the reactant is found in excess in the reaction, calculate its volume.

XmsgsmSp-n-cn-p cmk-{]-h\w A\p-kcnv ss\{S-P\pw ssl{U-P\pw {]Xn{]-h-n-p-p.

N2 + 3H2
(g) (g)

2NH3

(g)

Htc Dujvam-hnepw a-n-ep-ap 750 L ssl{U-P\pw 500 L ss\{S-P\pw {]Xn-{]-hnI-bm-sW-n,

2

(a) Cu cmk-{]-h-\n-ep-m-Ip NH3(g) bpsS hym]vXw F{X ?

(b) Cu cmk-{]-h-\-n ]q-ambn {]hnv Xocm A`n-Im-cIw GXv ? AXns hym]vXw F{X ? Time : 5 mts Score : 3 (1 + 1) Indicators and Scoring Key (a) 500 L (1) (b) Nitrogen (1), 250 L - (1)

UNIT - 2

STRUCTURE OF ATOM
CO: To familiarise the discovery of fundamental particles through discussion, diagrams and multimedia. Qn. Text The figure showing discharge tube experiment with perforated cathode is shown below :
Fluorescent coating B To vacuum Pump

(6)

+ + + + + + + -----

VVVVVVV

A + anode

-- Cathode

High Voltage

a. b. c.

Identify the rays marked as A and B How the above rays are formed ? Mention any two properties of each rays.

kpjn-cfp ImtYmUv D]-tbm-Kn-p UnkvNmv Syq_v ]co-Wns Nn{Xw - - Xmsg sImSp-n-cn-p-p.

Fluorescent coating B To vacuum Pump

+ + + + + + + -----

VVVVVVV

A + anode

-- Cathode

High Voltage

a. b. c.

A Fpw B Fpw tcJsSpn-bn-cn-p Inc-W-sf Xncn--dn-bp-I.

ta-d Inc-W Dm-Ip-sX-s\-sbv hy-am-p-I. Hmtcm Inc-W--fp-tSbpw cp hoXw khn-ti-j-X-I Fgp-Xp-I.

Time : 8 minutes Score : 1 + 2 + 2 = 5

Scoring Key (a) A - Cathode ray B anode ray (b) Anode ray formation - 1 Cathode ray formation - 1 (c) Properties of Anode rays - 1 Properties of cathode rays - 1 1 Score CO : To understand the concept of quantum numbers through discussion, reference and assignment. (7) Qn. Text Quantam Numbers provide complete information about electron in an atom. a. Four sets of quantum numbers are given below. Select the possible set of quantum numbers and explain why others are not possible (i) n = 3, 1 = 1, m = 1, S = + (ii) n = 4, 1 = 1, m = 1, S = + (iii) n = 1, 1 = 0, m = 0, S = + (iv) n = 2, 1 = 2, m = 1, S = + b. Give the quantum numbers of the valence electron of an atom with atomic number 19.

Izmw kwJy-I Hcp B-nse Ce-Ivt{Sm-Wp-Isf-p-dn-p Fm hnh-cfpw \Ip-p. a. \mev skv Izmw kwJy-I Xmsg sImSp-n-cn-pp. CXn icn-bmb Izmw kwJy-I sXc-s-Sp-p-I. ap-h Fp-sImv km[y-am-Ip-n Fv hy-am-p-I.
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) b. n = 3, n = 4, n = 1, n = 2, l = 1, l = 1, l = 0, l = 2, m = 1, m = 1, m = 0, m = 1, S = + S = + S = + S = +

Atm-anI kwJy 19 Bbp Hcp B-ns _mly-Xa sjnse Ce-Ivt{Sm-Wns Izmw kwJy-I Fgp-Xp-I. Time : 5 mts
Score : 2 + 1 = 3

Scoring Indicators : a) (ii) and (iii) correct, (i) and (iv) wrong, Explanation b) n = 4, l = 0, m = 0, S = + or -

(1 + 1)

CO To familiarise rules for filling electrons in orbitals of an atom through, discussion, reference and assignment.

(8)

Qn. Text Electronic configuration of an element as written by a student is given below.

a. b.

1s 2s 2p Which rule is violated here ? Give the correct configuration ?

Hcp aqe-Ins Ce-Ivt{Sm hn\ymkw Hcp Ipn Fgp-Xn-bXv Xmsg ]dbpw {]Im-cam-Wv. -

1s a. b. 2s

2p

GXp \nb-aamWv ChnsS ewLn-s-n-cn-p-Xv. icn-bmb Ce-Ivt{Sm hn\ymkw Fgp-Xp-I.

Scoring Indicators (a) Hunds Rule

1s C.O : 2s

2p

To understand various atom models such as Thomsons atom model, Ruther Fords atom model and Bohrs atom model, through discussion, multimedia and model making. To undetrstand the nature of electro magnetic radiations and emission spectrum of Hydrogen atom through discussion, reference and problem solving. (9) Qn. Text The Hydrogen Spectrum is well explained by Bohr Model of Atom. The following diagram represents a transition of electron in hydrogen atom.
tron elec

n= n= 4 n= 3 n= 2 1

a. b. c.

Name the spectral series in which the line corresponding to the transition belongs. Calculate the wavelength of the radiation emitted during this transition. Even through there is only one electron in the hydrogen atom, its spectrum contains large number of lines. Explain.

B-ns t_m amXr-I, ssl{U-P kvs]Iv{Ss \mbn hni-Zo-Icn-p-p. Xmsg ImWn-cn-p Nn{Xw ssl{U-P B-nse Hcp Ce-It{Sm {Smknjs\ v {]Xn-\n-[o-Icn-p-p. tron elec

n= n= 4 n= 3 n= 2 1

a.

apI-fn ImWn-n-cn-p Ce-Ivt{Sm {Smkn-js ^e-am-bp-m-Ip tcJ GXv kvs]Iv{S koco-kn Ds-Sp-p. ? {]kvXpX {Smkn-js ^e-am-bp-m-Ip tdUn-tb-js Xcw-K-ssZLyw Ip-]n-Sn-p-I. ssl{U-P B-n Hcp Ce-Ivt{Sm am{X-ta-bp-p-sh-nepw AXns kvs]Iv{Sn [mcmfw tcJ-I Dv. hni-Zam-p-I. Time : 10 minutes Score : 1 + 2 + 2 = 5

b.

c.

Scoring Indicators : a) Balmer Series (1)

b)

1 1 = R 2 2 n2 n1 1
Correct Substitutions. Answer with unit ( = 486.3 nm). A sample of hydrogen gas contain many hydrogen atoms. Explanation....

c)

(2) (2)

UNIT - 2

CLASSIFIFCATION OF ELEMENTS AND PERIODICITY IN PROPERTIES

C.O: To familarize Mendeleevs periodic table and Long form of periodic table through seminar and desigining. (10) Qn. Text Atomic numbers of Two elements A and B are 31 and 41 respectively. Identify their group and period in the long form of the periodic Table. A, B Fo cp aqe-I--fpsS Atm-anI \-dp-I b-Ym-{Iaw 31 Dw 41Dw BWv.

temMvt^mw Hm^v ]ocn-tbm-UnIv tS_n-fn Ah-bpsS ]ocoUpw {Kqpw Ip]n-Sn-p-I.

Time : 4 minutes Score : 2 Scoring Key Element A Group 13, Period 4 Element B Group 6, period 5 C.O : To understand periodic properties such as Ionisation energy, Electron affinity Atomic radii, Electro negativity, Valency etc, through discussion, reference, making tables, chart making and problem solving. (11) Qn. Text A graph of Ionisation energy Vs Atomic number is given below.
2500 I. E (KJ/mol) 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Li 2 Be B 4 6 8 10 Atomic number (Z) N O C F Ne

( + =1) ( + =1)

a. b. c.

Why Ionisation energy increas with atomic number in a period ? How does Ionisation very in a group ? Explain. Ionisation Energy of oxygen is less than that of Nitrogen. Why ?

Atbm-ssW-tk-j FYm]nbpw Atm-anI kwJybpw Xn-ep Hcp {Km^v Xmsg sImSp-n-cn-p-p.

2500 I. E (KJ/mol) 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Li 2 Be B 4 6 8 10 Atomic number (Z) N O C F Ne

a. b. c.

Hcp ]ocn-tb-Un Atm-anI kwJy IqSp-Xn-\\p-kcnv Atbm-tW-tk-j F\Pn -IqSm Imc-Wsav ? Hcp {Kqn Atbm-ssW-tk-j F\Pn amdp-Xv F-s\sbv hni-Zam-p-I. HmIvkn-Ps Asbm-ssW-tk-j F\Pn ss\{S-P-s-Xn-t\-m Ipd-hm-Wv. Fp-sImv ?
Time : 7 minutes Score : 1 + 1 + 1 = 4

Scoring Indicators : a. b. Atomic size decreases, effective nuclear charge increases, hence removal of electrons is difficult. (1) Decreases down the group Atomic size increases Effective nuclear charge decreases Extra stability of half - filled configuration of nitrogen () () ()

c.

C.O : (Same as above) (12) Qn. Text A group of ions are given below. Na+, Al3+, O2--, Ca2+, Mg2+, F--, N3-, Br-8

a. b.

Two of the above ions are not iso electronic. Identify them. Arrange them in the order of increasing ionic radii ?

GXm\pw Atbm-Wp-I Xmsg sImSp-n-cn-p-p.

Na+, Al3+, O2--, Ca2+, Mg2+, F-, N3-, Br-a. b.

Ch-bn cv Atbm-Wp-I sFtkm Ce-Ivt{Sm-WnIv B. Ch Is-pI ? Chsb Atbm-WnI tdUn-bkns Btcm-lW {Ia-n Fgp-Xp-I. Time : 4 minutes Score : 1 + 1 = 2

Scoring Indicators : (a) Ca2+ and Br-( + ) (1)

(b) Al3+ <Mg2+ <Na+ <F-- <O2-- <N3-- <Ca2+ <Br--

UNIT - 4

BONDING AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE

C.O : 17 Qn. 13 In Lewis notations, the valence electrons are represented by dots. a. b. Give the Lewis structure of CaF2. Carbon Suboxide, C3O2 has recently been shown as a compound of the atmosphere of venus. Suggest Lewis structure for C3O2 [Hint : Oxygen atoms are at the terminals)

Q : eqbnkv s\mt-j-\-\p-k-cn-v, hmekv Ce-Ivt{Sm-Wp-Isf tUmvkv D]-tbm-Knv

{]Xn-\n-[o-Icn-p-p. b. a. CaF2 s eqbnkv kv{SIvN \Ip-I.

ip{Is A-co-n Im_ k_v HmIvssk-Uns C3O2 kmnyw ASp Imev Is-n-bp-p-v. Cu C3O2 \v eqbnkw kv{SIvN \nt-in-p-I. (kq-N\ : HmIvkn-P B- tamfn-Iyq-fns A-m-Wv.)
Time : 3 minutes Score : 1 + 1 = 2

Mental Process : 7, 9

Scoring Indicators Key points and Distribution of scores. a) b) [Ca]2+ [:.F.:]2 or [:.F.:] [Ca]2+ [:.F.:] 1
:O::C: :C: :C: :O:

..

..

..

1 score

C.O: 18, 54 Qn. 14 The steps involved in the formation of KCL are given below in a random order. Cl (g) + e Cl--(g) H1 = - 355 KJ / mol = +89 KJ/mol

K ( g ) , H 2 K (s)
Cl2 Cl , H ( g ) 3

= +122 KJ/mol = +425 KJ/mol = --719 KJ/mol = ?

K (+g ) + e K(g)

H4

K (+g ) + Cl(g ) KCl ( s ) , H 5

K (s) + 1 2 Cl2
(g)

KCl(s) , Hf

a) b) c) Q.

Construct the Born Haber Cycle using the above steps. Calculate the value of Hf Name the law on which the above calculation is based on.

cq]-s-Sp-Xns hnhn[ L-, {Ia-cln-Xambn Xmsg-sm-Sp-n-cn-p-p. Cl (g) + e Cl--(g) H1 = - 355 KJ / mol = +89 KJ/mol

K ( g ) , H 2 K (s)
Cl2 Cl , H ( g ) 3

= +122 KJ/mol = +425 KJ/mol = --719 KJ/mol = ?

K (+g ) + e K(g)

H4

K (+g ) + Cl(g ) KCl ( s ) , H 5

K (s) + 1 2 Cl2
(g)

KCl(s) , Hf

a. b. c.

apI-fn sImSp sp-I D]-tbm-Knv t_m-tl-_ sskn cq]-sSpp-I. {]kvXpX cmk-{]-h-\ns Hf aqeyw Ip-]n-Sn-p-I. GXp \nb-as ASn-m-\am-n-bm-Wv, Hf Ip-]n-Sn-p-Xv. Time : 3 minutes Score : 1 + 2 + = 4 10

Mental Process : 2, 4, 5, 10 Scoring Indicators, Key a) b) c) Cycle - 1

Hf = H1 + H2 + H3 + H4 + H 5 1 + Hf = -438 KJ mol

Hesss Law

C.O : 21 Qn. 15 Complete the following table Molecule CH4 NH3 PCl5 XeF4 Q. No. of bond pair on Central atom ......... 3 ........... ........... No. of lone pair on central atom 0 ........... ........... ........... Shapes ........... .......... Triagonal bipyramidel Square planar

XmsgsmSp-n-cn-p ]nI ]q-am-pI Xm{X

CH4 NH3 PCl5 XeF4

t_mv s]b-dp-IfpsS Fw
......... 3 ........... ...........

tem s]b-dp-IfpsS -Fw

0 ........... ........... ...........

BIrXn
........... .......... Triagonal bipyramidel Square planar Time : 7 minutes Score : 4

Mental Process : 2, 5, 7 Scoring Indicators, Key 4, Tetrahedral 1, Pyramidel 5, 4, 0 2

+ + + +

11

C.O. 22, 23, 24 Qn. 16 Account for the following. a) b) c) Q H2O is a liquid while H2S is a gas at room temperature. Even though N-F bond is more polar than N-H bond, NH3 has greater dipole moment than NF3. H2 molecule is formed while He2 does not.

Xmsg-]dbp hkvXp-v hni-Zo-IcWw \-Ip-I. - a. b. c.

km[m-cW Dujvam-hn Pew {Zmh-Im-hbn-em-bn-cn-p-tm, H2S hmX-Im-h- bn-em-Wv.

N-H t_mn-t\-mfpw N-F t_mv IqSp-X t]mfm BsW-n-epw, Atam-Wnbbvv NF3 tbm Db ssUt]m sama v D-v. H2 Xm{X Dm-hp-Xp-t]mse He2 Xm{X Dm-hp-n-. Time : 6 minutes Score : 4

Mental Process : 6, 7 Scoring Indicators, Key, distribution of success. a) b) c) Hydrogen bonding in H2O Diagrams of NH3 and NF3 showing dipoles - lone pair and N-F moments in opposite direction - cancels. Filled orbitals - Against Paulis Principle.

UNIT - 5

STATES OF MATTER
CO : 5 To understand gas laws and ideal gas equation through discussion and problem solving. Qn. 17 The effect of pressure on the volume of 0.09 mole of CO2, at 300 K is given below. a) b) c) Plot a graph of PV against P Give the nature of the graph. Which grap law is verified here ? A balloon occupies a volume of 700 ml at 250C and 760 mm of pressure. What will be its volume at a higher attitude where temperature is 150C and pressure is 600 mm of Hg. 12 (1) (1) Pressure / 104 Pa 2 3.5 6.0 8.0 10.0 Volume / 10-3 m3 112 64.2 37.4 28.1 22.4

Q.(M) 300K Xm]-\n-e-bn-ep 0.09 mole CO2 Kymkns hym]vX-n\v ta a-n-\p

kzm[o\w Xmsg-smSpn-cn-p-p. CXp]tbmKnv

a) b) c) PV bpw P bpw hyXykvX A-fn -

tcJ-s-Spn {Km^v hc-bvp-I. {Km^ns {]tXy-IX tcJ-s-Sp-p-I.

250C Xm]-\n-ebpw 760mm ahpw D Hcp _eq-Wns hym]vXw 700ml BWv. Cu _eq 150C Xm]-\n-ebpw 600mm of Hg ahpw

Pressure / 104 Pa 2 3.5 6.0 8.0 10.0

Volume / 10-3 m3 112 64.2 37.4 28.1 22.4

D Hcp Db Xe-n-tebvv \opIbmsWn AXns Atmgp hym]vXw F{X-bm-bn-cnpw

Time : 8 minutes Score : 1 + 1 + 2 = 4 Scoring Indicators with key a) 1 score

PV

b)

Straight line graph parallel to pressure axis. Boyles law V2 = P1 V1 T2 = 856.9ml T1 P2

( + = 1)

c)

(2)

C.O : 6 To familiarise Kinetic Theory of gases and to understand the deviation of real gases from ideal behaviour through discussion, problem solving and charting. Qn. 18 The following graphs are obtained for He at different conditions.

13

PV nRT

PV nRT

The graph A is drawn at high Temperature and low pressure and graph B is drawn at low Temperature and high pressure. a) Which graph represents ideal behaviour ? b) Compare the two graphs and justify your observation highlighting the faulty assumptions of Kinetic Theory of gases.

hyXykvX Xm], a kml-Ncy-n-ep loen-bns kz`mhs-m-Wn-p {Km^pI Xmsg sImSp-n-cn-p-p.

B

PV nRT

PV nRT

{Km^v F hc-n-cn-p-Xv Db Dujvam-hnepw Xmgv a-n-ep-am-Wv. {Km^v _n hc-n-cn-p-Xv Xmgv Dujvam-hnepw Db a-n-ep-am-Wv. a. GXp {Km^mWv "sFUn-b' kz`m-hs kqNn-n-p-Xv. b. Cu {Km^p-I hni-Ie\w sNbvXv Kinetic Theory of gasse sXmb \nK-a\ - hni-Zam-p-I. Time : 5 minutes Score : 3 Scoring Indicators with Key a) b) C.O : 8 To understand the concept of liquefaction of gases through discussion and reference. 14 Graph A Two faulty assumption and Explanation 1 Score 1 + 1 = 2 score

Qn. 19 Critical temperature of some substances are given below. Substance H2 N2 CO 2 NH3 Tc /K 33.2 126 304.1 405.5

a) b)

Which of the above gas can be easily liquefied. Is it possible to liquify CO2 gas above 31.10C by applying pressure ? Comment.

GXm\pw Kymkp-IfpsS {Inn- sSw]-td- Xmsg-n-cn-p-p. Substance H2 N2 CO 2 NH3 Tc /K 33.2 126 304.1 405.5

a) b)

apI-fn sImSp-n-p-hbn GXmWv Ghpw Ffp-n enIznss^ - sNm-hp-Xv.

CO2 Kymkns\ 31.10C \v apI-fn-ep Dujvam-hn aw sNepn {Zmh-Im-h--

bn-tebvv amp-hm Ign-bp-tam. hni-Z-am-p-I.

Time : 4 minutes Score : 1 + 2 = 3 Scoring Indicators with Key a) b) Ammonia Not possible Def. critical Temp 1 score 1 score 1 score

C.O : 9 To familiarise various properties of liquids, through seminar and discussion.

15

Qn. 20 a) Certain properties of liquids are given below. Classify them on the basis of effect of temperature on them. Evaporation, Vapor pressure, surface Tension, Viscocity Boiling does not occur when a liquid is heated in a closed vessel. Comment on the statement.

b) a)

{Zmh-IfpsS GXm\pw khn-tij KpW- Xmsg-sm-Sp-n-cn-p-p. Dujvam- hns kzm[o-\n-\\p-kcnv Ahsb Xcw-Xn-cn-p-I. _mjv]o-IcWw, hmX-Iaw, - {]X-e_ew, hnkvtIm-kn-n. - AS ]m{X-n Hcp {ZmhIw Nq-Sm-n-bmepw Xnf-bvp-n-.
Time : 7 minutes Score : 4

b)

Scoring Key with Indicators a) Those which increase with increase in Temp Evaporation, V.P - 1 Those which decrease with increase in Temp. S.T, Viscosity - 1 b) Density of the liquid phase and vapour phase becames same. The clear boundary between liquid and vapour disappears Explanations - 2 score

C.O : 5 To understand gas laws and ideal gas equation, through discussion and problem solving. Qn. 21 A graph representing variation of pressure with 1/v at a particular temperature T, is given below.

T1

1 v

T3

a) b)

Resketch the graph and include graphs for two temperatures T2 and T3. Where T2>T1>T3. Name the graph 16

Pressure Dw 1/volume Xn-ep-, Hcp {]tXyI Dujvam-hv, T se _w kqNn-n-p

{Km^mWv XmsgmWn-n-cn-p-Xv. -

T1

1 v

T3

a)

Cu T, Dujvam-hn-t\-m Db Dujvam-hmb T2, Xmgv Dujvam-hmb T3 Fnhbn Dm-Ip Pressure, 1/volume hyXn-bm\w Ds-Spn {Km^ns\ ]p\h-cbvp-I. (T2>T1>T3] Cu {Km^p-Iv Fp t]cmWv ]d-bp-Xv. Time : 6 minutes Score : 3

b)

Scoring Key with Indicators a) T2 T1 Score 2

P T3

1 V

T3

b)

Isotherm - Score 1

17

UNIT - VI

THERMODYNAMICS - 1
C.O : 51 Q. Text : Select the odde one out from the following sets. i) ii) iii) Temperature, pressure, mass, density (Insensitive property) Human body, Earth, water in a closer vessel (Types of system) Internal energy, work, enthalpy, entropy (State Function)

Iq-n tNcm-Xv Ip]nSn-p-I.

i) ii) iii)

Dujvam-hv, aw, amv, k{X, amv (Ckohv t{]mn) a-\pjy ico-cw, `qan ASv sh ]m{X-nse shw (-\y-XykvX hyql-) CtW F\Pn, {]hr-n, FYm]n, Ft{Smn (tv ^Mvj)
Time : 5 minutes Score : 3

Mental Process : 3, 7 Scoring Indicator with key points i) ii) iii) mass - extensive property Water in a closer vessel - closed vessel Work path formation -1 -1 -1

C.O : 52 Q. Text : Calculate the internal energy change in each of the following systems. System - I System II System III 10 KJ heat energy is released by the system to the surrounding but no work in done No heat change with surrounding but 25 KJ of work is done on the system 25 KJ of heat energy is absorbed by the system and 10 KJ of work is done by the system.

Hmtcm hyql-n-ep CtW F\Pn hyXymkw Ip-]n-Sn-p-I. hyqlw 1 hyqlw 2

10 KJ Xmt]mw hyqlw Npp-]m-Sn-tev \Ip-p. ]t {]hrn

sNp-n-. Npp-]m-Sp-ambn Xm]-am--an-. ]t 25 KJ {]hrn hyql-n\v apI-fn sNp-p.

18

hyqlw 3

25 KJ Xmt]mw hen-s-Sp-p-p. Hw 10KJ {]hrn hyqlw sNp-p. Time : 5 minutes Score : 3

Mental Process : 5, 7 Scoring Indicator with key : System I II III C.O: 53 Q. Text : An experimental data is given U = -10KJ U = +25 KJ U = 25 -- 10--15KJ U = q+w

N 2 + 3H 2 2NH 3
(g) (g)

(g)

H = -91.8 KJ/mol

a) b) i) ii)

Give the significance of -ve sign of H From the above data calculate H values for the following reactions.

2NH3 N 2 + 3H 2
(g) (g)
(g) (g)

(s)

H = ?
(g)

2NH 2 + 6H 2 4 NH 3

H = ?

Hcp ]co-Wn-eqsS e`n hkvXp-XI \Ip-p. - N 2 + 3H 2 2NH3

(g) (g) (g)

H = -91.8 KJ/mol

a) b)

H s s\K-ohv Nn-ns {]kn Fv ?

apI-fn X hkvXp-XIfp-]tbm-Knv Xmsg Xn-cn-p cmk {]h-\fpsS - - H aqeyw Ip ]nSn-p-I.

2NH3 N 2 + 3H2
(g) (g) (g) (g) (g)

i) ii)

H = ?
(g)

2N2 + 6H2 4 NH3

H = ?
Time : 5 minutes Score : 3

Mental Process : 2, 3, 7 a) Exothermic reation b) i) H = +91.8 KJ/ml ii) H = -45.9 KJ/ml

-1 -1 -1

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C.O: 54 Q. Text CO2 can be prepared from C and O2 by different methods. Method 1 Method 2 C(graphite) +O2(g) CO2 (g) C(graphite) +O2 (g) CO (g) CO (g) + O2 (g) CO2 (g) It is found that total enthalpy change in two methods are same. a) b) State the law behind this observation. Calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of CH3-OH(l) from the following data. CH3-OH(l) +3/2O2 (g) CO2 (g) +2H2O(l) C(s) +O2(g) CO2 (g) H2(g) + O2 (g) -- H2O(l) H0 = -726KJ/mol H0 = -393KJ/mol H0 = -286KJ/mol 2 1

Im_Wpw HmIvknP\pw D]tbmKnv hnhn[ amfneqsS CO2 \nnmw.

Method 1 Method 2 C(graphite) +O2(g) CO2 (g) C(graphite) +O2 (g) CO (g) CO (g) + O2 (g) CO2 (g)

cp amfn \npw e`np BsI FYm]n hyXymkw XpeyamsWv a\nembn.

a) b)

Cu \ncoWn\v ]nnep \nbaw {]kvXmhnpI.

Xmsg Xncnp hkvXpXIfn \npw CH3-OH(l) s mtUUv FYm]n Hm^v t^mtaj Ip]nSnpI.
CH3-OH(l) +3/2O2 (g) CO2 (g) +2H2O(l) C(s) +O2(g) CO2 (g) H2(g) + O2 (g) -- H2O(l) H0 = H0 = H0 = -726KJ/mol -393KJ/mol -286KJ/mol 2

Time : 5 minutes Score : 3 Scoring Indicator with Key a) b) Hesss Law of Constant heat summation
0 C(s) + 2H2(g) + O2(g) CH3-OH(l) H = -239KJ/mol

1 2

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UNIT 7

CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
C.O 57 Consider a general gaseous reaction aA + bB i) ii) iii) cC + dD 1 2

Give the expression for Kp and Kc for the above reaction Suggest two equilibria for which Kp and Kc are equal. Give justification

For the equilibrium 2SO3 (g) 2SO2(g) + O2(g) Kc at 4700C is 3.25x10-9mol /lit. What will be the value of Kp at this temperature ? 2

XmsgsImSpncnp kmam\y hmXI cmk{]h\w ]cnKWnpI.

aA + bB i) ii) iii) cC + dD

Cu {]h\ns Kp , Kc Fnhsb kqNnnp kahmIy FgpXpI. 1

Kp , Kc FnhbpsS aqeyw Xpeyambn hcp cv kpe\mhI

\ntinpI.
2SO3 (g) 2SO2(g) + O2(g) F kpe\mhbn 4700C KC bpsS aqeyw -9 3.25x10 mol /lit BsWn CtX Dujvamhn KpbpsS aqeysambncnpw. 2 Time : 8 min Score : 5 Mental Process 5,6,7 Scoring Indicators i) ii) iii) Expressions for Kp & Kc Two suitable equilibria Equation Answer with unit 1x2=2 1x2=2 1 1

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