1 Semestre 2011/2012
UFP
Jos Pimentel / Ana Neves
ESTTICA
2 - Convenes.
BARRA TRACO
BARRA COMPRESSO
2kN
C
3.00
HB
VB
VD
1.50
3.00
1.50
FH = 0
VD = 1.5/3 = 0.5 kN
VB + VD 1 2 = 0
VB = 7.5/3 = 2.5 kN
HB = 0
HB = 0 kN
tg = 3.0/1.5 = 63.43
Equilbrio no n A:
1kN
FAC
A
B
FA
FV = 0
FH = 0
- 1 FAB sen = 0
FAC + FAB cos = 0
A
FB
FB
C
Equilbrio no n B:
HB
FBD
VB
FV = 0
FH = 0
FDE = FED = 0
FCE = FEC = 0
Veja-se a figura seguinte:
Barras pretas estrutura indeformada (antes da aplicao das cargas)
Barras vermelhas estrutura deformada (compresso)
Barras azuis - estrutura deformada (traco)
Barras verdes estrutura deformada (sem esforo)
1kN
2kN
C
2kN
S
3.00
HB
VB
VD
1.50
3.00
1.50
VD = 0.5 kN ()
FH = 0
VB = 2.5 kN ()
HB = 0
1kN
C
FAC
FB
C
2kN
E
FBD
HB
VB
MC = 0
FV = 0
FH = 0
VD
S
D
3.50
HA
15kN
15kN
VA
VG
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
FH = 0
VG = 15 kN ()
VA - 15 - 15 + VG = 0
VA = 15 kN
()
HA = 0 kN
FBD
FC
D
FCE
15kN
MC = 0
MD = 0
ME = 0
G
15kN
17.14kN
Compresso
Es
fo r
3.50
o
n
ulo
17.14kN
Traco
17.14kN
15kN
2.00
2.00
15kN
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
S2
5kN
10kN
S1
4.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
Fazendo as seces (S1 e S2) que cortam as barras onde se pretende determinar os
esforos, resulta:
5kN
10kN
S1
FBC C
5kN
10kN
A
S2
FBF
10kN
A
7.5kN C
Traco
5kN
4.00
5kN
Compresso
7.5kN
2.00
2.00
2.00
4 kN
2.00
S1
H 2 kN
2.00
S2
E
2.00
A
HA
VA
VB
2.00
2.00
Seco S1
I
4 kN
H
FI
FFG
H 2 kN
FFC
Seco S2
FFC
MG = 0
G
C
G
F
4 kN
FG
E
H 2 kN
FHE
kN
24
4.
kN
24
4.
4.
24
kN
C
om
pr
es
s 4.
o 24
kN
H 2 kN
Compresso
2kN
2kN
2kN
2kN
Traco
4 kN
ac
r
T
Compresso
Traco
Sem esforo
20kN
10kN
4.00
HF
HE
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.00
VA
MB = 0
- HE HF = 0
HF = 37.5 kN ()
VA - 20 - 10 = 0
VA = 30 kN ()
HE = -37.5 ()
20kN
FBD
FCE
C
MD = 0
FC
D
10kN
D
MC = 0
10kN
kN
)
Co
mp
re
ss
o
kN
Co
4.00
(1
2.
5
(3
7.
5
5
2.
(1
m
pr
es
s
o
ac
Tr
kN
)
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.00
20kN
Compresso
Traco
Sem esforo
10kN
15kN
1.00
1.00
1.00
A
D
HG
10kN
VA
VG
2.00
2.00
2.00
HG +15 = 0
HG = 15.0 kN ()
VA + VG = 10
VA = -4.17 kN ()
VG = 14.17 kN ()
15kN
FC
F
E E
DE
FDF
D
F
10kN
= arc tg (1/2)
sin = sin (arc tg(1/2)) = 0.447
cos = cos (arc tg(1/2)) = 0.894
ME = 0 FDF*1.0 -VG*2.0+15*1.0 = 0 FDF = 13.34kN (traco)
MG = 0 - FDE*cos*1.0 - FDE*sin*2.0 -10 *2.0 = 0
FDE*(cos*1.0 + sin*2.0) = -20 kN FDE = -20 / (0.894*1.0 + 0.447*2.0)
FDE = -11.2 kN (compresso)
Situao final esforos em todas as barras
15kN
C(
16
.8
kN
T (5.0 kN)
(4
.7
kN
C(
A
T (3.3 kN)
20
.
(11
.5
k
N)
N)
2k
T (13.3 kN)
E
C(
T (10.0 kN)
31
.7
k
N)
T (13.3 kN)
10kN
10kN
Exerccio proposto 1
Calcule os esforos nas barras FH, CH e GH
0.75
0.75
C
0.75
2.00
0.75
15kN
2.00
30kN
20kN
H
Exerccio proposto 2
Calcule os esforos em todas as barras da trelia.
2.00
10kN
2.00
1.00
30kN
20kN
1.00