6 Month Evaluation of the Bethzer Agricultural Extension sub-project

PPDP Sub Project Agricultural Extension Pilot

The Christadelphian Bethzer Fund

Contents
Acknowledgements .......................................................................................................................................3 Summary ......................................................................................................................................................4 Evaluation Objective .....................................................................................................................................5 Project Overview ...........................................................................................................................................5 Key Questions ..............................................................................................................................................5 Data Collection Methods ...............................................................................................................................6 Conclusions vs Objectives ............................................................................................................................7 1. Were families able to contribute further to students wellbeing? ..........................................................7

a. b.
2.

Family increase their income .........................................................................................................7 Students receive an increase in allowance .....................................................................................8
Student nutrition improvement ......................................................................................................... 10

a. b.

Students increase the amount of money spent on food ............................................................... 11 Student understanding of health and nutrition improved ............................................................ 11

Additional Conclusions ................................................................................................................................ 13 General Health of Students ..................................................................................................................... 13 General Impact........................................................................................................................................ 13 Project Efficiency ..................................................................................................................................... 14 Finance ................................................................................................................................................... 15 Learning Points ....................................................................................................................................... 16 Challenges .............................................................................................................................................. 16 Recommendations ...................................................................................................................................... 17 Appendices ................................................................................................................................................. 18 Appendix-1 List of students and other participants ................................................................................... 18 Appendix-2 Program of activities for evaluation workshops ...................................................................... 19 Appendix-3 Nutritional Interview Data ...................................................................................................... 20 Appendix-4 Family improvement and change .......................................................................................... 23 Appendix-5 Families farming data:........................................................................................................... 24 Appendix-6 Small and large group result data.......................................................................................... 25 Appendix-7 Monthly Report Summaries ................................................................................................... 27 Appendix-8 SWOT Analysis..................................................................................................................... 28 Appendix-9 Farmer Comments ................................................................................................................ 29 Appendix-10 Dormitory Health Reports.................................................................................................... 30 Appendix-11 Nutritional Training Course Test Results ............................................................................. 31 Appendix-12 Program Logic .................................................................................................................... 32

Acknowledgements
Thanks go to 5 students that they try to fill the data, and for their commitment to the project, and all the students at the dorm for their participating. Farmers have put great involvement in the project even though they are very busy with other things of their own farming. Ran Saruom, Project Officer

Summary
The 6 month evaluation of the Bethzer Agricultural Extension sub-project is the conclusion of 6 months project activities to review project processes, and the impact towards the project objective. The goal of the project is to increase the level of students health that live at the dormitory. To achieve the goal of the project, we use agricultural extension to work with the dormers families. We are exploring plant farming and husbandry techniques to improve the income in the family, so than the parents will be able to send money to support their children living at dormitory. Further, education on nutrition and financial literacy is aimed at improving how students use their money and to develop good eating habits. The project has been partially successful. Despite a lengthy development process and the omission of a major project output, project activities have been largely implemented with some success. Nutrition has improved somewhat amongst students and the groundwork has been laid for a more effective implementation of the project activities, including the omitted financial literacy training. Next steps for the project include strengthening the project management, staff capacity and implementing the financial literacy training.

Evaluation Objective
The objective of the evaluation was to measure the impact of the project activities over the 12 months of operation for the purposes of deciding whether to establish the project activities as an ongoing strategy or trial other methods of achieving project goals.

Project Overview
The agricultural project was conceived as a response to the generally low level of health amongst students, particularly girls. The regular health complaints included ongoing stomach complaints, lack of energy, difficulty sleeping, stress and headaches. This combined with an obvious lack of variety and quantity of food suggested malnutrition. When investigated, students listed lack of time, lack of money and lack of awareness as barriers to sufficient nutrition. The project aimed to address those issues through education and strengthening of the family financial position. Project objectives and program logic can be found in Appendix 12. Activities include; Agricultural Extension program targeting diversification of crops and increased harvest yield Family education program on student nutrition Family education program on financial management Student education program on Nutrition Student education program on Financial management

Key Questions
The central evaluation question derived from the project framework is Was there an increase in the level of student health. Given the broad nature of the question, sub-questions have been posed as follows using program logic and listed indicators; 1. Were families able to contribute further to students wellbeing? a. Was there an increase in family income? b. Did students receive an increase in allowance? 2. Did student nutrition improve? a. Did students increase the amount of money spent on food? b. Did student understanding of health and nutrition improve?

Data Collection Methods

Monthly Data collection As in the part of getting the data to apply to the goal of the project, students have been filling Nutrition and financial expend form as the project has required from them. Nutrition form filling in the about daily food eating information, we use cup, g, piece for food measuring and in the form also have ask them to fill in their hunger level / mood to help to find out of how much food intake that have every day. Financial form is filed in about the weekly expends information regarding of they have to fill in all kind of their expenditures including Loan, Wage , Allowance, and other way that they can get money every weekly and monthly. The Nutritional and financial data collection fulfill the following purposes: To find out what food intake every day that they have got To gather information on financial priorities before and after training The benefits of food quantity increase from putting more money on food expend To get the information of monthly expenditure Find out how much money they get from the family and monthly money increase that the family sent to them per month.

6 Month Workshop As part of Project 6 months revaluation process and planning for the next coming 6 months, 4 nights workshops for dormers students were started on 28th to 31th June 2011. The participants are recorded in Appendix 1. A creative process was used that was intended to give thought for personal reflection and re-engagement with understanding from nutrition course and involvement with the projects. The outcome will be further investigated and train by individual interview with 3 member students. The participants included all dormitory students divided into large and small groups for a series of exercises. There were 6 groups for the small group exercises that contained5-6 participants. Large group exercises had 3 groups with 9-10 in the group. Individual nutritional interviews were performed for each student and the 5 project participants had individual interviews regarding the project. Interviews were held with participant families at their farm. The 3 nights of workshop had the follow objectives: To review and document the progress of the project over the last 6 months To think about what material that project use for dormers students out in practice To reflect on the activities have happened in the period of project To identify key directions and indicators of the project for the month ahead Project Officer Reports This method includes a review of project reports prepared by the project officer between February and July, including elements of a final SWOT analysis (Appendix 8). Compile a list of challenges, successes and chart the development of the project.

Conclusions vs Objectives

1. Were families able to contribute further to students wellbeing?

A lack of sufficient baseline has made answering this question difficult. It seems clear that there have been positive changes in family conditions and that students income has met indicators, but the quality of data collected initially and the nature of student and family expenditure makes it difficult to see a clear change in the financial contributions from parents. Changes that we expected to see as a result of financial literacy training did not eventuate due to difficulty in finding suitable training partners. The inclusion of financial literacy training would potentially improve the impact seen on students and their families.

a. Family increase their income

Project summary data (Appendix 4), indicate that project staff specifically identified increased income as a project outcome in 2 out of 3 of the families continuing with the program. The third family was identified as having increased income generating activities, but without increased income as a specified result. The target of a 30% increase to agricultural income has not been realized in any example, although data on total agricultural income has not been collected to date. Farm income data (Appendix 5) shows two of the families earning additional income of $70 - $100 dollars during the 6 month period. Another family shows a net loss due to failures in mushroom growing and chicken-raising. These figures are meager, although some crops had not yet been harvested at the point of evaluation. Potentially, the returns for the farmers could be much higher when applying lessons learned from the first round of activities. Additional financial benefits are identified by the farmers themselves as in the case of household one supplementing household food with the vegetables and being able to avoid using as much rice in the last part of the season (Appendix 4). These changes have not been quantified in any calculations. Future evaluations could attempt to calculate the benefit of these changes Families did gain skills and confidence from the involvement of PPDP staff and that may potentially improve outcomes from future income generating possibilities. The financial benefit was sufficient that other families asked to become involved in the project. Difficulties arising with project activities taken from interviews and staff observation (Appendix 7,8 and 9) o o Farmers have been impatient to see the results. They want the money from the project more than putting their effort into the project (2 or 3 families/3) Participants have been disappointed with the outcome of their work, because they faced risks. (1 family).

Participants are afraid to change their practices: 1 family of 3 agreed to plant rice using new techniques. Farmers are scared to try new things because they worry that they will lose their existing crops or have bad outcomes. Farmer did not follow up to all what we try to teach them, for example, they will say yes while you are there at the farm with them, but when we have left they do not do the work. Some small projects have failed for various reasons, Two term of mushroom failed for household 4 One piglet died for household 4 Cucumber did not give fruit for household 2 Some students dropped out in the middle of the project process. However students and their families were generally very happy with the project during the past 6 months and more students want to join the project. Some students have got a job and left the dormitory and the project. This has affected the data collection and long term benefits are not realized. Project staff fear creating jealousy amongst the farmers and some money will be lost in loans to farmers if they stop in the middle of the project. There are no current examples, but it is a potential risk.

b. Students receive an increase in allowance

The information from the data survey form (Table 1) show that the amount of money received from their parents in the form of an allowance has gone up and down depending on the families expensesand timing. For example, during Khmer New Year generally Cambodian celebrated and during farming seasons the families less sending money to their children, because the families need to divide the amount of their income to do the farm. The data also seems to suggest a slight increasing trend, although the length of the period makes it difficult to establish this clearly. The allowances shown in the data collection meet the designated target of increasing to $30 a month or an increase of 30% a month (whichever is higher) in all cases. Table 1
$100.00 $80.00 $60.00 $40.00 $20.00 $Student 1 Student 2 Student 4 Student 5

In April the amount of allowance (money that the students receive from parents) goes down because they have two weeks off study to return home and generally do not receive an allowance. In June

families require funds to plant rice so the amount of money they have to send to their children is often less.

Conversely, interviews and group discussion with students indicate the definite perception that there was no change in allowance (Appendix 6). This may be because of the irregular nature of allowance payments in terms of frequency and quantity. A longer period of recording allowance payments and better explanations of what those figures should be representing will give a clearer answer to the question. The amount of income received through loans, work and other means compared to the expenses (Table 2)show that students are spending nearly all of their income each month and in some cases more than their income. Expenses significantly higher than other months usually indicate money expended for uni fees. The funds needed are obtained during the month of payment through loans or from parents.

Table 2
February Name/Criteria Income Student 1-F Student 2-F Student 3-M Student 4-M Student 5-M $91.00 $83.75 $67.00 $65.00 $60.00 $20.00 Expense $59.00 $59.50 $20.00 Income $258.00 $142.50 $32.00 Expense $252.00 $156.00 $22.35 Income $50.00 $85.00 $15.00 Expense $51.50 $96.00 $15.00 Income $105.00 $75.00 $90.00 Expense $104.00 $96.00 $94.00 Income $61.00 $50.00 $86.00 Expense $73.00 $71.00 $50.00 March April May June

Student 4 did not supply any data $67.00 $72.00 $72.00 $70.50 $67.00 $79.00 $71.00

The income figures in table 2 include loans. Comparing loans received with repayments shows that during the 6 month period, all the students borrowed between $100 and nearly $250 dollars, while repaying less than half that amount within the 6 month period. Project staff indicates that the data collected may not be accurate in recording all repayments, so further data collection would be necessary to gain a better understanding of the size of debt that students regularly take on.

Table 3
$300.00 $250.00 $200.00 $150.00 $100.00 $50.00 $Loans in Loans out

2. Student nutrition improvement

The average food nutrition intake for Cambodia differs generally by 2 types of group that relates to poverty and location. If you live in the Phnom Penh, you can buy lots of food better (larger range) than at the province. People in the rural areas dont have access to a large range of food to provide for their nutrition. People, who have enough money to buy good food in Phnom Penh, get enough nutrition for their bodys need, as well as the people living in the province town, because city and town are gathering place and they have plenty of different foods to buy. The groups of people living in the village (farmers) work very hard at the farm or as laborers in building. They do not have enough food to eat, because they cant afford have good food, so they do not have enough nutrition intake. If the mothers do not have enough nutrition she will transfer to her children. This will continue as a cycle through life. All the dormers are coming from the village in the province and that is one of the reasons that they are lacking nutrition since they were babies. Even if they have enough money to buy the food, they still do not have good food on sale for them. Even though they are Dormers, they only live on $35/ month, but they are living in the area that have plenty of food so the amount of this much money still can be supplying them to buy good food with good nutrition, but that still cannot meet nutritional benefit gained by people who have enough money and live where food is plentiful and diverse. Monthly nutritional data indicates that the types and amounts of food consumed recorded have not changed significantly after the training. Most commonly, students consume foods such as rice, rice porridge, egg, dried fish or soup. The data shows that before the training course in April, students missed a lot of meals. After the course, the number of meals missed appeared to decrease in some cases. These figures do not identify the reason for missing the meal, so it is possible that students were constrained by finances or time factors. Observation (visiting the dormitory) indicates that this change may not be widely representative, but more data would be needed to tell.

Table 4
Feb Student 1 B L D Student 2 B L D Student 4 B L D Student 5 B L D 13 1 0 2 1 1 7 3 3 3 3 3 13 1 1 7 2 6 3 1 2 1 1 3 10 2 2 4 1 4 16 1 0 8 0 0 0 1 1 9 0 1 2 0 2 9 0 0 2 1 1 12 3 2 4 0 0 6 0 0 3 1 0 14 0 3 Mar April May June July

Even though the amount of foods did not increase to meet the project requirement, but according to random interviews conducted informally, staff noted that students had changed food preparation behaviors. For Example, when cooking vegetables or meat they put little bit of fat or oil to absorb Vitamin A from the food and they add Vitamin C (Lime, tamarind, sour fruits) into cooking to absorb Iron from the Vegetable and meat. There was also the addition of iodine through dormitory purchased salt.

a. Students increase the amount of money spent on food

Data in Table5 shows that the students have increased the amount of money spent on their food. The Nutrition course was completed in the middle of May. So this figure shows clearly that the students have understood the importance of food Nutrition intake that they need every day. Students are usually very busy and dont have much time to cook or focus on preparing food Foods they might expect to eat in the morning are 2 minutes noodles, rice and egg (fried egg with salt and a little bit of sugar or food left over from the last night). For lunch and dinner they mostly have Rice and fish, Rice and soup, rice and stir fried vegetables. The soup that they have normally contains little bits of meat (chicken, pork, Beef) mixed with vegetables or stir fried vegetables (meat and mixed vegetable). Table show 5
$50.00 $40.00 $30.00 $20.00 $10.00 $February March April May June July Student 1 Student 2 Student 4 Student 5

21/27 students interviewed said yes to having begun to put more money intofood. Half of those who said no could not afford to add more money to food, but claimed changed attitude to types of food purchased. 3 of 3 project students interviewed claimed that they were taking more care of nutrition and applying more money to food, although 1 student indicated that the amount of food had not differed greatly due to increases in food prices.

b. Student understanding of health and nutrition improved

All participants (27 of 27) interviewed as part of a nutritional check indicated they had gained knowledge and were positive about the perceived benefit of the course. Majority said they did not eat enough food and some directly connected lack of food to ongoing health issues. Although the question did not specifically ask students to establish the causes of poor health, some students made the connection indicating an awareness of nutritional issues

Results from the nutrition training show a marked increase in understanding by students participating. The 80 mark test was taken prior to the training returning an average of 20.4%, with a high of 40% and a low of 7.5%. After completion of the training, the average test results returned an average of 75.5% with the highest at 97.5% and the lowest at 56.5%. Overall, the average increase in understanding was by 50%. Disaggregated by gender (Table 5), the data shows over a 5% greater increase in test scores amongst girls than amongst boys. Table 6

Girls
100 80 60 40 20 0 Pre Test % Post test % 100 80 60 40 20 0

Boys

Pre Test %

Post Test%

Additional Conclusions
General Health of Students
Student health has long been a concern. Students receive a number of meals, including fruit, from dormitory and Bible Education Centre (BEC) activities every week, although students have been complaining of chronic health issues for a long period. Appendix 10 shows manager reports of sickness during the last 12 months. These reports only include sicknesses where dormitory funds were expended so does not give a comprehensive picture of student health. In interviews, students reported (Appendix 3) a variety of chronic complaints including stomach-aches, difficulty sleeping, tiredness, head-aches and powerlessness. Most claimed an improvement in these conditions post the nutritional training, although since it is debatable whether significant changes to nutrition took place as to what might be the cause of the change in perception. Generally, students BMI was between 18-25, with a few students just below. Appendix 3 shows BMI figures for participants.

General Impact
Overall the project is still on target to achieve its goals and indicators. Areas of impact include: Activities follow up on action plan of the project Nutrition course has contributed to better student understandings Students families farming options have improved and they get more income Project has educated students in skills that they can use in their lives and their family lives in the future Project workers have gained skills and experience to improve project outcomes.

Impact has been limited by all activities not being completed and not all indicators being able to be tested against. The initial project plan was not followed very closely initially, but progressively improvement in process and identification of issues developed the activities towards the original project plan and many of the original activities have been completed as planned. Reflection on the 6 months indicated improvement. This is the case with both the families and students. Poor family situations have changed since being involved in the project. Particularly, they have learnt new farming techniques, changed old farming habits, developed farming plans and have learnt to make small projects by themselves. Farmers have been working harder during non-peak periods than previously due to additional opportunities. Household improvements have resulted in family situation change (before they had spare land, but now they have vegetables and plants on the land). The mushroom project still continues in an education phase, pig projects are still ongoing and chicken projects have started showing improvement. Challenges have been

addressed including solving insect problems by changing crop planting, working on soil nutrition needs and the process of reflecting on outcomes with families. Particular highlights include the nutrition course; o Completion of nutrition course training to students: the course was followed up straight after staff training finished the teaching. Material that staff used was mainly copied from the course and included researching to support their study. The result from the course: Student have learn new thing from the course, Students changed daily mail preparing attitude, Daily food intake and financial expend of student have been considered. Student girls have been taking Iron tablets to restore red blood losing system, because girl need lots more Iron than boys.

Project Efficiency
During the project, there have been many activities. There were some difficulties and challenges and the project is well behind the time schedule established. Monthly reports and Project reflections indicated that; The beginning of 2011 was time to start the project (collecting resource, announced and chose students to be the member and running). This period, during which were difficulties as new things started, for data collection was followed by some times of public holidays, we did not follow all project method and plan (for farmers Agricultural extension). Project officer finding it is difficult to wait to see the activities happen and do the plan ( project processing), No connection with other partners ( organization or relevant project recourse to help) to see the top priority of project processing Prepared project plans seemed too complicated for participant families and were discarded. The original material to be used for project activities was too complicated to be used without some experience. The project Officer used more relevant methods to develop personal experience with planned activities. Potentially the material is more relevant at this point of the project. Filling out data was burdensome for students and sometimes incomplete or wrong. Now that the project officer has a better understanding of the necessity and relevance of the information, she can employ techniques to ensure the data collected has better integrity. Not enough office work was available for new staff to do during the week, partly due to a limited understanding of what the project required. As time has progressed and staff have more clearly understood the importance of different tasks, the workload is growing. At a point of the project where a heavy responsibility was placed on the project officer, she felt underequipped. As her understanding of the project has grown and she has engaged in a variety of roles, she is more confident. She requests more training and particularly guidance in project activities from a local advisor.

Project staff has had difficulty communicating and working together. While this conflict has not had a major impact on project success, it has made working conditions difficult for the staff.

Project is small and staff lack confidence. Officer and staff capacity still need to develop. Particular issues included; o o Communication between staff Staff skills including project administration and management

Finance
The budget has been regularly exceeded by 15-20%. All expense lines have been under the budget except general expenses which was exceeded significantly. This budget line includes general expenses and was exceed in part, due to staff development costs (courses) not initially included and due to more significant transport and food costs for staff in the province1. A significant amount has been spent on transportation and office rental, but these costs are necessary to ensure that we are able to visit farmers and work in Phnom Penh. The only alternative would be to base staff in the province which presents difficulties with such a limited project scope. In the project activities we involve starting small business in the family in order to find the way for the project to be sustainability, for the futures if the project finished working with the family, the hope is the farmers they keep continue to do the work by themselves. Though thought of involving small business is to assist farmers to learn to make their life plan by themselves. We provide small amount of cash to buy chicken, piglets. This money seems to have been a bit of a waste, because some of those small businesses have failed. ( Ex: Some of the piglets and chickens are dead ) But on a positive note, it shows the farmers of their life refection, and benefits ongoing financial education goals.

Normally, NGO staff will receive between $10-$15 per diem , plus travel expenses when travelling out of Phnom penh. Our current budget would provide 2-3 days travel per month. Currently, reports indicate we are sending staff into the province for 10-15 days a month.

Learning Points
The project team has learnt many lessons during the trial including; The team has improved their understanding of the key steps of running a project They have built up a network of contacts to the benefit of the dormitory and their future professional lives. The Project officer has developed administration and management skills and developed better decision making abilities. The project officer gained valuable experience applying university learnt skills to real life situations The team has gained confidence and motivation from seeing rural family extension in action. The importance of quality in data collection

Challenges
The project team has faced many challenges including; Farmers reaction to agricultural extension work Failure of some income generating activities - Small projects failed resulting in financial loss to the project, loss of project benefit to the farmers and reinforcing fear of new possibilities. The project officer felt underequipped and inexperienced resulting in misdirection of the project. Some staff not skilled in working directly with farmers. Management problems resulted in staff not listening to the project officer, when she asks him to do the work. Student reaction to food Nutrition Course was mixed. In many cases, students did not appear to follow guidance offered through the course due to disinterest, lack of finances and not applying the knowledge gained. This was evidenced by certain girl students still not having enough nutrition. They would comment on being sick and being tempted to go to hospital without attempting to apply the nutritional advice. In some cases, those students showed obvious iron deficiency.

Recommendations
1. Continue the project trial with the inclusion of financial literacy training. The omission of the financial literacy training hampers the project impact. The training promises to increase the impact on both families and students. 2. Improve data collection to get a better quality of information. More attention to helping students understand the importance of accurate data will assist the project to evaluate impact more effectively. 3. Expand the data collection to include relevant sources. The data collection should try to assess the financial impact of income generation activities on farmers and better assess the financial risk that students expose themselves to through loans and gifts. 4. Select farm plans in consultation with farmers that minimize risk. Work with farmers to develop plans together that achieve greater buy-in from the farmer while keeping the risk for the farmer to a minimum. 5. Improve methods of behavior change (nutrition) and reinforce the nutrition lessons taught. Behavior change takes time and nutrition and financial literacy lessons will need to be taught and re-taught, especially in light of new students entering the dormitory. 6. Further staff development to improve staff relationships. Equipping staff with management and professional working skills will help them to negotiate better working relationships within the project and with outside stakeholders. 7. Improved staff support in the way of a project advisor and better guidance from project manager. The project officer has performed admirably without sufficient guidance and support during the initial phases of the trial. Further development in performance will require better support and advice through enlisting additional project advisors and improving communication.

Appendices
Appendix-1 List of students and other participants
The following people participated in the workshop:
First Name Sok Nin Sou Yet Yim Chuev Son Lieng Keo Mom Teng Krouch Rim Mut Chet Sam Leng Mam Thoungren Rorn Sou Yem Sou Chhem Soun Seak Nal Som Koy Kann Meng Ean Hem Last name SreyNeang Navy Theung Davy Dy Vichara Phap Vichim Sokhorn Borin Tit Soary Douk Sokphur Socheat Bros Samedy Samrach Rottana Daran Sorphea Chantry Kimthoun Thary Sokheang Learng Sithy Kimsrean Kuntheavy Veasna Him Vong Vanna Chanthuon

Appendix-2 Program of activities for evaluation workshops

Night1 Opening prayer Discussion small groups Closing in prayer Night 2 Opening prayer Individual question and answers Closing in prayer Night 3 Opening prayer Discussion big groups Night 4 Individual interview with the 3 students

Appendix-3 Nutritional Interview Data

Question N1After you have studied and understand of nutrition, have you put more money on daily meal preparing? Question N2 - Do you think the quantity of food have been eating every day is enough nutrition? Question N3 - What moods show off every time you have meal? Question N5 - What is your interesting about the Nutrition course? Question N6 - BMI

No

Gender

Question N4 - Explain your health

yes. 3000r-5000r more(add to buy food and Vegetable)

Not enough, because No money to buy good and hygine food.

feeling nomal, eat in the right attitude, bored and Not hungry

Jan- April have got sick very often.

May- June have got good health, not getting sick very often.

Eat the right food regular times, chose the right food to eat, not getting very often, understanding of mother and baby health.

19.53

Not pay more on food, but changing preparing meal attitude.

Not enough, because do not have enough time to prepare and the food now is more expensive, that why my health still week. before not enough, but now I eat more than before and my health is healier than before. Not enough. becausecannotefford to buy good food.

Stress , not have enough sleep so made me feel dezy, blood run not well make me some time fall down.

mywightstayable and powerless, because I did not have good sleep.

I put my wight on, because I ate more

Understand the right food type to eat, mother and baby, what is the most concerning is I can not sleep well do not know what from.

19.22

put more money for the food. 20000r/per month more. yes putting more money to the food.

every time I always too hungry every meal. not so hungry for diner time. Bored , Hungry, angry.

sometimes feel weak and sick and headeche.

Do not have any headeche and feel fresh. still have stomucheched.

get good knowlagde about nutrition and practise good food for the fimily.

17.73

stomucheched, headeched

Nutrition is very important for your health, I practise it everyday, and sharing the informations to my friend and family.

22.5

Put more money 2000R/day on meat and vegetables.

before not enough, Now eat more food.

stress, my weight still the same, I am not very happy.

I lost my weight. make me happy

My weihgt still the same. it make me not happy

Very happy with the knowladge that I have learn from the course, I know to prepare my daily meal better and I shared the information to the family and friend.

30.22

Spend more money on food.

Noted that I do not eat enought food.

Stress and no Power in the body

Noted that from 8-9am I always feel very tired, feel too hungry , No energy, and very stress Good health,because stay at home have planty of food to eat.

Much better than before.

very interested in the course and understand that Nutrition course help lots to dorm.

24

Put more money on food. to buy fish, meat, vegetable.

Not enought daily meal.

Eat not enough feel breathless.

better health, because stay at the dorm do not have planty of food. better than before I feel not so hungry and my health healthier, and happy. I do have cadaerousany more. my health better than before. eat more food. not very sleepy.

get good knowlagde about nutrition and practise good food for the fimily. Understand and try to find the way to get good nutrition to eat for my health. I have got very good knowladge about nutrition, I spand more money on food, I chose to buy good food to eat, and it have me to save some money aswell to buy food insteed of buying other thing.

20.6

Put more money on food. buy more vegetable.

Enough food everyday, have good health.

Not hungry , because I have practise what I have learned from the course. Not always get hugry as before , I do not get headeched like before. Sometimes get too hungry, sometime I do not have time to cook eat late, sometime feel not hungry.

I noted that I have got cadaverous , my skin very dried. headeched, my eyes hurt and always get very hungry. always get very sleepy, always get cool , and sometimes feel not hungry so i did not eat.

19.032

Put more money to buy more vegetable.

Not enought daily meal. food very expensive.

get very good knowlaged from the course about nutrition.

18.5

10

do not put more money on food, because no more income from home. Put more money to buy more vegetable, fruits and meat and eat more food than before. Put more money on food 3000r/day.

Not enough food, because some food very expensive.

sometimet get very hungry, I have got stomacheched and cool always.

get cool, fewer, and stomachached.

get cool, fewer, and stomachached.

very happy after I study about nutritions, eventhough now I do now have good health, I will try to practise them in the future.

17.5

11

Not enought food to eat, because some food are very expensive. Can not buy good food to have enough nutrition for boby. Eat not enough, because do not have enough money to buy more food.

get very hungry.

Lost weight because did not eat enough food, not enough money to buy.

better, my weihgt still the same.

Understand the right food type to eat, get lots of knowlaged involved with general health and it is very usefull in the future .

17.3

12

Nothing happen.

No problem.

headachedabit.

will put to practise more, if i have enough money. will share the information to other and somes I did already

25

13

No.

Not enough nutritions, when I enough money I will try to practise what I have learn from the course. Not enough food to eat for daily meal.

stress, get very hungry, bored, not very hungry.

Good health,

I have checkenpok, and cool

I realy enjoying the course, and I learn lots from the course, but one thing is from 9-10pm I always feel very tired. This course is very good, teach me to understand to look after my own health, share the information to other as well. Strong health, Protect for disease, good membery and more acitive. I know what good nutrition to eat every day. I have good health and put more weight on. eat more than before.

19.39

14

Put more money on food.

No problem.

No problems.

No problems.

19

15

16

Decided to spend more money on food after the course. Buy more food, chose good food to eat, spand around 8000r/ day.

Noted that I do not eat enought food everyday. I think that the food that i eat now is enough apply to the knowlaged that i have learn, before I do not care about the food, Now eat more enough for me and help to have good sleep.

No problem.

Nomal

Nomal

19.26

Before I study, I did not feel hungry, did not want to eat, sometimes get too hungry made me very tiredl , bored, strees and less abilitives for my study. After study, I get hangry and I ate more and not getting stress always study well.

sometimes get cool.

No sick.

17.32

17

No. cannotefford to buy more food, because the food is very expensive.

Noted that I do not eat enough nutrition.

Get very hungry, no energy and tired.

Put weight on

lostwight and no energy.

Very good. Understand the good nutrition that we need to eat every day, understand the improtance of enough nutrition.

17.99

18

Put more money on food around 500r-1000r /day,

I think I ate enough food every day. it may be 70% -80% jude from what I have learned for the course.

Not hungry, not stress or bored.

I get very stress sometimes, bored, headached and got sick sometimes

put more weight, no headached and sick, feel much happier.

I am very happy with i have got from the course, because I have understand what good for daily meal, preparing food to eat, looking after my health. And I will share what I have learn to my family and to those who did not understand about Nutrition. thank you so much to all the teachers.

23.225

19

Put more money on food, chose the right food to eat, eat more fruits.

I noted that I eat enough for my daily meal.

Nothing problems.

headached, stress, forget thing and memery less.

good health, put more weight, still forget things and memery less.

Very good. Understand the good nutrition that we need to eat every day, understand to look after my own health, enough nutrition.

22.22

20

21

Do not put more money on food, but change food eating preparing, chose to buy good food for my health. Put more money on food. buy more meat and vegetable mix. Put more money to buy food. chose to buy good food.

eat enough good for daily meal.

Not hungry every meal. feel the food no testy.

headached, stress, forget thing and memery less, and stress.

headached, stress, forget thing and memery less, and stress. eat more and not get sick very often, my mood very happy. my health better, sleep better, want to eat more, more energy and more active.

happy with what I have learn from the course, I know to look after my own health.

18.21

Not enough daily food from what I eat, because can efford to buy enough. eat enough good for daily meal.

Sometimes get too hungry and sometimes not very hungry.

Not eat enouhg, because I get sick lots

I get very good knowlagde from the course. eat more food and understand the important of the good nutrition. Know to prepare daily meal. look after own health, expecaily take KK.

19.53

22

not hungry never think about food. sometimes very hungry, but when I eat only little make me full. Sometimes not eat and get very tired. sometimes get very hungry, very stess, feel do not want to eat food at all. always get very hungry. too late to eat and get too hungry when I finish my cooking.

No anergy, can't sleep, too tired, stress, and do not eat enough food.

18.5

23

Put more money to buy food. buy vegetable and meat. put more money to buy more food, buy vegetable and meat, and fruits.

Not enough, because can't efford enough to buy good nutrition food.

my health ok.

I sick had typhoid and lost weight.

good. teach us to look after own health, we know to eat the right food for health and brain.

18

24

Not enough food intake yet. because not enough money to buy more food.

healthy my weight nomal

I get sick ( chicken pox) and lost wight, nothing to do with nutrition caurse.

I am very happy with the course, because I have learned so many thing that involved with health,it is very importance for myself and in the future I know to do it in my family.

18.35

25

I have not put more money on food, but I change my meal preparing attitude. Put more money on food.

Enough food everyday, have good health.

No problem.

Nomal

Nomal

The course is very good and understand about the important of good nutrition food. and I will practise them in the future.

20.88

26

Not enough. because I still have no energy, can not sleep.

every time I feel not hungry, tired, can't sleep , feel dezy.

I have got sick lots, no energy, monthly do not come, stomachached, and not happy

much happier, do not sick, sleep well. eat enough.

I am very happy with what I have learnt. I know what to chose good food to eat, I save money from what I used to buy i stop, now I used that money to buy food. thank you so much to all the teacher. I am very happy because I have no sick come to me. good health, succeed, my study is improved. and I also shared the informations to other.

21.64

27

put more money on food. I spend $5/ month.

Enough food everyday.

Not hungry, work too hard, stress about my study.

Nomal

Nomal lost weight.

19.53

Appendix-4 Family improvement and change

Household 1 have change, before we started the project they have nothing; Now they have vegetable farm, chickens house, they can fix soil qualities etc. the family income situation better, They be able to avoid from loan better than last year, they have learned many new things for their farm and they have shown that they are be able to continue if the project finished. Household 2 have got pig project go on. Household 4 improved their family income, they got new thing happened with their family like before they did not know how to grow mushroom, they have learned new thing about farming technique, Fixed bad water, they got pig project start. Household 5 have got pig project go on. Farmers reflecting where done by sit down with each family, and asked them questions and recording the information 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Do you think your farming situation has improved? Do you think you have learned new thing through the project? Do you get more income in the family? What the improvement did you see in your family situation? Will you have the plan for the next coming month? Tell the benefit of the project? What youre interested in the project?

Appendix-5 Families farming data:

Household Household 1 Activities Grow vegetables Learning technical Fixed bad land plant legume Insect protection Outcomes Very good, I learn new thing I used compose and white lime to kill the germs in the soil Income Good Spend 7500Riel to buy vegetable seeds. Sell for 300000Riel not including they used for their food. Challenging No problem. Because her house looking green and seem to have lots of vegetables, CEDAC organization has chosen the farm to be a great farmer for the village to help the villagers. But she is very honest to us, she told me. I said ok. Because she only teach villagers once a month or twice.

Raising chickens

Making chickens pen. Cleaning the germ in the pen. Making chickens food by using what we have in our farm. Vaccination learning how to grow mushroom

The chickens are healthy

Not yet In the process.

No problem.

House hold 4

Grow mushroom:

Able to grow mushrooms by their own. First get very good. Second not well, Third and fourth not getting any mushroom.

First cycle: Spend 30000Riel for mushroom spore get income for 60000Riel. Second: Spend 90000Reil for mushroom spore get income for 20000Riel. Third and fourth: 200000Riel for mushroom spore get none. 40000Reil

The second they grow by themselves, (teacher not there to help them). Third and fourth, they did by them self and use the wrong straw, missed some processing of burning the straw and water too much, did not tell the problem to teacher.

Family initiated chicken raising

Learning to make chickens house by using what the material they have already in the house. Making chicken food Learning on raising chicken in natural way. pig food managing Vaccinate Daily caring Using Manure and Legume to change the bad water

First Chicken grow very well and health , In the Village started to have chicken flue Half way of the trail on chicken. Just stated -

Chicken get sick did not tell me, the time I get there the chicken dead. Farmer was busy with other things.

Pig raising

No yet harvesting yet.

She changes food did not tell me. Pig were sick for awhile and one pig dead. Did not keep doing, they do when I visit them and ask them to do again.

Fixed water

Half way of the processing, the rain come in and wet season come to flood the pond, so we stop half ways.

Can not change

House hold 5

Pig raising

Pig food managing Vaccinate Looking after and pigs house caring.

- Outcome better

Project buy piglet $100 for three month and half they sale for 1340000R ($335). - pig food: $132.5 - piglets: $100 They get income for $102.5 -

No problem in the ways of working with this family, but some time the father have very strong old culture upbringing idea or do not want to put action to do the work.

Appendix-6 Small and large group result data

Discussion Results: small group answers
1. Advantage of Nutrition: Explain -Healthy -To successfully of the work -To changing physical and Emotion of Abilities -Successfully of working -Successful of learning -Saved money and time - have better life in the future -by practicing the knowledge -By changing food preparing attitude. -To practice and try. -Physical and Emotional changing - Food preparing - Know how to note that we have not enough nutrition

the benefit of the outcome for having enough nutrition?

2. What can you tell

about your understanding put to practice to have enough nutrition?

Discussion Results: big groups answers 1. What activity that you think yourselves involve in PPDP Sub Project Agricultural Extension Pilot?
-Training of Agricultural course with the family -To help the farmers with each family (plant and feeds) -Join nutrition training course. (Own practice, families, friends, neighbors). -Nutrition program -Answer the question and discussion -Practice every day -Show opinion our self -family gets more income from the farming -To understand about planting and feeding. -To understand about nutrition. -Saved money -Healthy After learning nutrition -To use the resources that we already have in our families to get all the benefit. - Document from Nutrition -Knowing our health himself and family -Distribute knowledge that we have to other place. -Make good cooking and organic, protein, and vitamin other. -Know Nutrition symptom for someone. -Want this project to continue -we happy that have advantages from this Project. -To make us learn many new thing from the project. - Get new experienced from PPDP -Health and living. - Want this planning to distribute very where, especially,-Thank you so much PPDP and teacher that set up this program, And very people that enjoyed PPDP

2. What the profit do you think you get from this project?

3. Describe what youre interested of the project?

Discussion Small group / Interviews

Questionnaires Student 1 Student 4 Student 5

Financial manage improve

Did spend more on other thing, spend more on food but the quantity of food still the some more, because food now is very expensive... Eat better than before, do not change, still not enough nutrition, the quantity of food more than before. Do not change

Nutrition

Most of financial spend on study and assignments. Stop spends on useless need and put more money to food daily eat...and save money better. Care better than before , the quantity of food more than before. healthier now

Spend on food and moto petrol, and study, save money better than before ...

Care well than before, the quantity of food more than before. healthier now

Health improvement

Feeling

No energy and hungry still

No problem

No problem

Money from the family Data form

No increase from the family

No increase from the family

No increase from the family, but use money better. Understand, show us daily expend budget, and teach us to be careful to spend.

understand,

Understand, show us daily expend budget, and teach us to be careful to spend.

Appendix-7 Monthly Report Summaries

Feb March April May June July One family started small chicken project. One household practicing new technique plant on crop of rice to get many One family started on small pig project One family put new pig after they sold their old pig Announcement for new students who want to join the project A crop family for one family due to hot weather Family with failed mushroom crops start piglets, but one dies. Another household farming pigs made a profit of $100 from two piglets, a seemingly small result. Boys not filling out data Nutrition training completed Concerns about staff development Difficulty with mushroom crop as one family forgot growing instructions Nutrition training begins and iron supplements arranged for girl dormers A second house borrows to grow piglets. Project plans seemed too high level for the farmers and so stopped using them Estimated 20% knowledge transfer Jealousy between families were evident in attempts to convince project officer to stop working with other families who might be in competition Mushrooms damaged by changes in water type Family x presents a challenge because as their age limits the amount and type of work they can contribute to the success of activities at their home. Difficulty getting students to fill in data accurately. Problems with bugs in the soil limit vegetable growth and mushrooms dont grow well on one property

Appendix-8 SWOT Analysis

Strengths
Agricultural extension project have started, the activities have helped so many thing to the poor families. the improvement will show in Appendix5 The families are very happy with the work we have done with them and the improving of new technique of crops growing The families have improved the income Families have improved their understanding on farming education Nutrition course have started Health investigate have started Students know to note about their health Students pay more money on the food Students created new system of health care for their own Students health have improved( see appendix 6) Have good contact with Government Health Center for Iron tablets in the future issues Students understand the value of the project Motivate more student to join the project

Weaknesses
Dormers are not all putting the knowledge to practice The parents still cannot afford to sent more money to the students yet Dormers complain cannot effort more money on food The extension program do not assist much in the family Farmer not very dear to try know thing Long traveling did not do much work with the farmers Spend lots of money on traveling Lack of project resources in library Not enough training of staff on project managing Student did not fill the actually truly data Project manager and project officer need more communication Did not complete Financial training course Did not complete Family education program on student nutrition

Opportunities
The project could provide itself the opportunity to spread as anorganizationin the future. We could use Nutrition course as a basic foundation vision for youth program education involve in Cambodia Bethezer Dormitory project as well as Financial. 6 months experience processing of the project provide technical tool to prevent the weakness of the project in the future. The strength Agricultural extension could help farmers to change their familys situation better in the future. Dormer students have deserved Nutrition and Financial education in their life. Sunday school preaching Activities could be taken the opportunity at the village if there Sunday school teacher willing to go out to teach.

Threats
Providing small project financial will be very danger if the project spread bigger. Farmer upbringing farming traditional made difficulty to extent new technical. The lack of dormers financial income is the problem of nutrition food quantities to what they needed.

Appendix-9 Farmer Comments

Household 1: Interesting: I am very happy in that I have someone to help my family. In the season that I plant vegetables I have enough food to eat and I can have some of little money to give to my daughter to go to school. Now wet season I cant plant Vegetables much, but I will wait when I finished rice season. Last year I started take lots of rice from the seller to eat from the end of May until I have rice harvesting for the next coming year and when we finished harvesting I have to pay back to the seller. But this year I am very happy I have my vegetable for food I dont have to buy and I sale them also, until now ( July) I still have my rice stock for the food. I am very happy with this and for you looking after my son also. Thank you so much to all of you. House hold 4: Very happy to have someone help to multiply the new Idea. Before after having lunch we just seat down and talk or we have long afternoon sleep wait to time to cook dinner. Since the project been coming to work with my family, I started to have lots of Idea and want to do this do that, which is very never think of. Most of the trail not success yet because my family busy with other thing like I go to field and my husband to go find fish, but I am very happy with this experience and understanding this is the first trail. House hold 5: I am so happy that you come to help me. Last year I have my pig die, because I did use Vaccinate. This time my pig going well, and I can sale them, now amount of my pigs increase I am very happy. And thank you so much to all of you that help me. General Student Comment: Very happy with the project, many thanks to project manager, and all staff who run the project. Especially project have provided nutrition course these help them lots and their families and also help to teach their family about farming.

Appendix-10 Dormitory Health Reports

Sickness information of Jan-May 2011
Girls
F had bad cold-medicines.

Boys
M has itchiness on his skin -consultation and medicines

Jan
F went to bed late at night time because busy with assignment so she got womit and dizy, took her to clinic -consultation and medicines. None

Feb

Mar

F has problem with teeth so have to take them out -dentist F got dhirea and womit because she ate small snail selling on the road, we took her to clinic-Sirum and injection, I told her not to eat again if you eat I will not take you to clinic.

None

April

M had got typhoid

Sickness information of June- 2011

This column shows about health improvement after the project provide Nutrition course. Girls May F got chicken pox; she needs to buy some medicines to get rid of fever. Boys M got fever and diarrhea- took him to clinic

JUNE

F has problem with teeth so have to take them out dentist Non

None

JULY

M blood test for typhoid, the result no. He is doubtful about typhoid thats why I to make sure you need to have blood test.

Appendix-11 Nutritional Training Course Test Results

Attendance % Post test /80 61.00 41.25 9.38 46.00 26.88 73.00 21.88 70.00 21.25 52.50 67.50 44.38 23.75 50.00 57.00 12.50 17.50 66.50 32.50 52.50 12.50 46.00 56.00 20.63 21.88 61.50 26.25 63.50 17.50 65.00 20.00 45.00 78.00 50.00 53.00 28.75 27.50 52.00 21.88 62.00 18.75 76.50 30.00 67.50 32.50 70.00 57.00 27.50 28.75 51.00 52.00 28.75 25.29 59.69

No Sex Pre test /80 1 F 33.00 F 2 7.50 3 F 21.50 4 F 17.50 M 5 17.00 6 F 35.50 7 F 19.00 8 F 10.00 9 F 14.00 10 M 26.00 11 M 10.00 12 M 16.50 13 M 17.50 21.00 14 M 15 M 14.00 M 16 16.00 17 M 40.00 18 M 23.00 M 19 22.00 20 M 17.50 15.00 21 F 22 F 24.00 23 F 26.00 24 F 22.00 25 F 23.00 26 F 23.00 20.44

% Increase 76.25 35.00 57.50 48.13 91.25 64.38 87.50 65.63 65.63 44.38 84.38 40.00 62.50 38.75 71.25 58.75 83.13 65.63 65.63 33.13 57.50 45.00 70.00 49.38 76.88 55.00 79.38 53.13 81.25 63.75 56.25 36.25 97.50 47.50 66.25 37.50 65.00 37.50 77.50 55.63 95.63 76.88 84.38 54.38 87.50 55.00 71.25 43.75 63.75 35.00 65.00 36.25 75.47 50.18

Appendix-12 Program Logic

Goal Increase the level of student health

Indicator 75% students show an increase in rated health level by October 2011

Source Medical check

Objectives

Actions/Activities Increase monthly family income Increase amount of income committed by family to students Improve family cash management

Outputs Agricultural Extension program targeting diversification of crops and increased harvest yield Family education program on student nutrition

Indicators 3 monthly agricultural income increased by 30% by Nov 2011

Source

Family interview/Workshop Income committed to students to increase either to USD $30p/m or by 30% (the higher) 75% of student families showing evidence of financial planning at 6 month Review 75% students spending more on balancing nutrition by 6 month review 75% of students showing evidence of budgeting or planning at 6 month review

Increase Family income

Family record

Family education program on financial management

Increase amount of income spent on nutrition

Increase amount of income spent on nutrition

Student education program on Nutrition

Student Journal Workshop

Improve student cash management

Student education program on Financial management