(( WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE))

William Shakespeare (Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, United Kingdom v. 1564ju l April 26. - Ibid, 23 abriljul. / 1616greg May 3.) 1 was a playwright, poet and English actor. Sometimes known as the Bard of Avon (or simply The Bard), Shakes peare is considered the most important writer in English and one of the most fam ous in literature universal.2 The New Encyclopdia Britannica states that "many consider the greatest playwright of all time. His works are represented [...] more often and in more nations tha n any other writer." Shakespeare's works have been translated into the major languages ??and his play s continue to be represented throughout the world. In addition, many quotations and aphorisms of his works have become part of everyday use, both in English and other languages. Over time, there has been much speculation about his life, que stioning his sexuality, religious affiliation, and even the authorship of their works. biography There are few documented facts in the life of William Shakespeare. What I can sa y is that he was baptized in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, on April 26, 156 4 and died on April 23, 1616, according to the Julian calendar, just before turn ing 52. ((beginnings)) William Shakespeare (also spelled Shakspere, and Shake-speare Shaksper, because the spelling in Elizabethan times was not fixed or absoluta3) was born in Stratf ord-upon-Avon in April 1564. It was the third of eight children born to John Sha kespeare, a prosperous merchant who reached a leading position in the municipali ty, and Mary Arden, descended from a family lineage. He was born when his family lived in Henley Street in Stratford, not known the e xact day, because then only the act of baptism was on 26 April in this case, so presumably born a few days before and no more than a week, as was the ordinary, the tradition has been setting a date of birth on April 23, the feast of St. Geo rge, perhaps by analogy with the day of his death, another April 23 in 1616 but this dating is not supported by any documents. Shakespeare's father, who was at the height of its prosperity when William was b orn, soon after fell into disgrace. Accused of illegal trade in wool, lost his p osition in the government of the municipality. It has been suggested also that i t was involved in processing a possible affinity with the Catholic faith on both sides of the family Shakespeare's father, who was at the height of its prosperity when William was b orn, soon after fell into disgrace. Accused of illegal trade in wool, lost his p osition in the government of the municipality. It has been suggested also that i t was involved in processing a possible affinity with the Catholic faith on both sides of the familia.4 William Shakespeare probably extended his early education at the local primary s chool, the Stratford Grammar School, in the center of his hometown, which he sho uld have made an intensive education in Latin grammar and literature. Although t he quality of grammar schools in the Elizabethan period was quite uneven, there are indications in the sense that Stratford was pretty good. Shakespeare's atten dance at this school is mere conjecture, based on the fact that legally was enti tled to free education as the son of a local government official. However, there is no document to prove, since the parish records were lost. At that time it wa s run by John Cotton, teacher of broad humanistic and Catholic supposedly, a Gra mmar School (equivalent to a study of grammar of Spanish sixteenth or current sc hool) taught lessons from eight to fifteen years and is focused education in lea rning Latin, at higher levels the use of English was forbidden to build fluency

in the Latin language, prevailed the study of Aesop's work translated into Latin from Ovid and Virgil, authors such as Shakespeare knew. On November 28, 1582, when he was 18 years of age, Shakespeare married Anne Hath away, 26, a native of Temple Grafton, a town near Stratford. Two neighbors of An ne, Fulk Sandalls and John Richardson, testified that there was no impediment fo r the ceremony. It seems that there was a rush to conclude the wedding, perhaps because Anne was three months pregnant. After his marriage, there is little trac e of William Shakespeare in historical records until it appeared in the London t heater scene. On May 26, 1583, the couple's first daughter, Susanna, was baptize d in Stratford. A son, Hamnet, and another daughter, Judith, born twins, were al so baptized soon after the February 2, 1585, Hamnet died at age eleven, and only reached their adult daughters. Judging by the will of the dramatist, who was so mewhat dismissive of Anne Hathaway, the marriage was not well-matched. The last years of the 1580s are known as the 'lost years' of the playwright, as there is no evidence that reveal where he was, or why he decided to move from St ratford to London. According to a legend that currently is not credible, was cau ght hunting deer in the park of Sir Thomas Lucy, the local judge, and was forced to flee. An alternative hypothesis could have joined the troupe Lord Chamberlai n's Men as it passes through Stratford. A seventeenth-century biographer, John A ubrey, records the testimony of the son of one of the companions of the writer, in which Shakespeare would have spent some time as a rural teacher. ((London and its passage through the theater)) By 1592 Shakespeare was already in London working as a playwright, and was suffi ciently known to warrant a scornful description of Robert Greene, who portrays h im as "an upstart crow, beautified with our feathers, that with his tiger's hear t wrapped in fur comedian thinks he can impress with a blank verse as the best o f you ", 5 and also says that" it is the only shake-scene in the country "(in th e original, Greene uses the word shake-scene, alluding the reputation of the aut hor as to his name, in a game of paronomasia). In 1596, with only eleven years old, died Hamnet, only son of the writer, who wa s buried in Stratford on 11 August that same year. Some critics have argued that the death of her son may have inspired the composition of Shakespeare's Hamlet (ca. 1601), rewriting an older work, unfortunately, has not survived. By 1598 Shakespeare had moved his residence to the parish of St. Helen, in Bisho psgate. His name heads the list of actors in the play each according to his humo r (Every Man in His Humour), Ben Jonson. Soon become an actor, writer, and finally, co-owner of the theater company known as Lord Chamberlain's Men, which received its name, like others of the time, hi s aristocratic patron, the Lord Chamberlain (Lord Chamberlain). The company atta ined such popularity that, after the death of Elizabeth I and the accession of J ames I Stuart, the new monarch would take under his wing and renamed the King's Men (Men of the King). In 1604, Shakespeare became a matchmaker for his landlord's daughter. Legal docu mentation of 1612, when the case came to trial, shows that in 1604, Shakespeare had been tenant of Christopher Mountjoy, a Huguenot craftsman northwest of Londo n. Mountjoy's apprentice Stephen Belott, had intended to marry the daughter of h is master, so that the playwright was elected as an intermediary to help negotia te the details of the dowry. Thanks to the services of Shakespeare, was put into effect the marriage, but eight years later his father Belott sued for failing t o deliver all of the agreed sum by way of dowry. The writer was called to testif y, but did not remember the amount proposed. There are several documents relating to legal matters and commercial transaction s show that Shakespeare's London stage became rich enough to buy a property in B lackfriars and become the owner of the second largest house in Stratford. ((last years)) Shakespeare retired to his hometown in 1611, but was put in several lawsuits, su

ch as a dispute concerning the enclosure of common lands, if on one hand promote the availability of pasture for sheep farming, on the other condemned the poor take away their only source of livelihood. As the writer had some economic inter est in such property, to the chagrin of some took a neutral position only ensure d their own benefit. In March of 1613 made its last acquisition, not its people, but in London, bought for 140 pounds a poultry house near the Blackfriars Theat re, of which sum paid on the spot only sixty pounds, because the next day mortga ged the house for the rest to the seller. Shakespeare certainly did not make the purchase at its own name, but associated the William Johnson, John Jackson and John Hemynge, the latter one of the actors who promoted the First Folio edition. The legal effect of this procedure, writes the great Shakespeare biographer Sid ney Lee, "was to deprive his wife, if they survive, the right to collect on this property the widow's dowry," but few months after a disaster happened : burned the Globe Theatre, and with him all the manuscripts of the dramatist, with his p lay Cardenio, inspired by an episode of Don Quixote of La Mancha, is known about this work because the September 9, 1653 Humphrey Maseley editor obtained a lice nse for the publication of a work described as History of Cardenio, by Fletcher and Shakespeare, the said Sidney Lee says no drama of this title has come down t o us and probably have to identify with the loss or Cardenna comedy called Carde nno , which was performed twice before the Court by Shakespeare's company, the f irst in February 1613 on the occasion of the celebrations for the marriage of Pr incess Elizabeth and the second on June 8 before the Duke of Savoy's ambassador that is, fire a few days before The Globe theater. In the final weeks of the life of Shakespeare, the man who would marry his daugh ter Judith - a tavern keeper named Thomas Quiney - was charged with promiscuity local ecclesiastical court. A woman named Margaret Wheeler had given birth to a child, and said that Quiney was the father. Both the woman and her child died so on after. This affected, however, the reputation of the future son of the writer , and Shakespeare revised his will to safeguard the legacy of his daughter Quine y legal problems may have. Shakespeare died on April 23, 1616. He was married to Anne until his death and w as survived by two daughters, Susannah and Judith. The first married Dr. John Ha ll. However, neither the children nor Judith Susannah had descendants, so that t here is currently no living descendant of the writer. It is rumored, however, th at Shakespeare was the true father of his godson, William Davenant. Has always tended to associate the death of Shakespeare with drink, died, accord ing to comments more widespread, as a result of high fever, the result of his dr unken state. Apparently, the playwright would have met with Ben Jonson and Micha el Drayton to celebrate with your colleagues some new literary ideas. Recent res earch conducted by scientists alemanes6 say it is very likely that the English w riter was suffering from cancer. Shakespeare's remains were buried in the chancel of Holy Trinity Church (Holy Tr inity Church) in Stratford. The honor of being buried in the chancel near the al tar of the church, not due to its reputation as a playwright, but the purchase o f a tithe of the church for 440 pounds (a considerable sum at the time). Shakesp eare's funerary monument, erected by his family on the wall near his grave, show s him in the act of writing, and each year, in commemoration of his birth, is pl aced in his hand a new quill. It was customary at that time, when there was need for space for new graves, emp ty the old, and move their content to a nearby charnel house. Perhaps fearing th at his remains might be exhumed, according to Encyclopedia Britannica, Shakespea re himself would have composed the following epitaph for his tombstone: Good friend, for Jesus, refrain dig the dust enclosed here. Blessed is the man that respects these stones, and cursed be he that removes my bones. One legend claims that unpublished works of Shakespeare with him lying in his gr ave. No one has dared to check the veracity of the legend, perhaps for fear of t he curse of that epitaph. It is not known which among all the portraits of Shakespeare there is more faith

ful to the image of the writer, as many of them are fake and painted a posterior i from the First Folio engraving. The so-called "Chandos portrait", dating from between 1600 and 1610, the National Portrait Gallery (London), is considered the most successful. It appears the author of forty years or so, with a beard and a gold ring in his left ear.