BSC Visit @ PTCL WLL Networks

Short PN : used for sector identification ( coverage marking )

sector 2
Sector 1
fa fb
fc
Sector 3
3 sectors
Long PN : used for mobile identification And each has [ S 111 ]
1 frequency

In CDMA we reuse short PN in different of places

Sector 1 sector 2
fa ,fx fb,fy
fc,fc
Sector 3

[ S 222 ]
3 sectors
And each has
2 frequencies

• BSC – CDMA 2000 1X ( operational at VPTCL )

28-36Kbps
Max 400Kbps

• BSC – CDMA 2000 EVDO  2.4Mbps data rate

SS7 Signaling
 Main Cable

Diversity Cable
GPS
BTS – CDMA
SC4812T-MC

BBX Card

GLI Card

MPC
CSM Card Multi processing
card

CCD
Clock
distribution

MCC

MCC I/O
Modem
Hub connectivity

LPA
Processor

HSO Card

.
 LPA

Main Cable : The main Signal coming from the tower antenna
Diversity Cable : to check and compare quality of the received signal by the main cable
The main cable and diversity cable are correlated .
The signal reaching the BTS is quite week so we require diversity cable to compare and
select the strongest signal .

CDMA has an additional cable excluding the sector cables + 1 GPS cable
Specific # of PN repeated after every 2ms ie 700times
BTS identifies it on these numbers
GPS is used for channel synchronization

Line Conditioning : It is basically nothing but a stabilizer

BBX Card :
• Tells the configuration of the sector ( sector identification )
• Pilot and the PN are the responsibility of the BBX

GLI Card :
• It is the Abis interface ( BTS  BSC )
• has a accommodates 2E1s

MPC Card :
• Multiprocessing card
• It is where the diversity cable terminates within
MPC I/O Card :
• Compares the Main with the diversity
• Distribution ( gives the signal to the MCC )

MCC :
• Walsh code
• Traffic

CSM Card :
• GPS Clock manager
• Synchronization responsibility

HSO Card :
• Internal Sytem clock
• Can provide backup clock up till 12 hours

LPA [ Linear Power Amplifier ] :

• provides power for pilot/sector coverage
• 60db

LPA Processor :
• Where all the LPAs interconnect

Pocket-sized network : 1.7 times greater than normal E1

Load Sharing  shares the whole load between all the cards
Hot Standby  if 1 of the card fails the load is shifted to the rest of the cards .

Cell Breathing :
With the capacity increase the cell size decreases.

E/I Ratio  Energy / interference ratio:

• it is the energy of 1bit/chip
• if it is 6db we can have 5users
• 4db used in CDMA  30 Users

Trunking :
• Sifting of the cell power to the sector where we have rapid growing capacity ie
maximum coverage at higher capacity
• It can be explained such that if in a sector suddenly a rush ppl with cdma handset
entered the trunking takes place ie the power of the other sector Is also given to
this sector with higher capacity
BTS Internet
Backbone

A-bis
Interface

BSC A10 Signaling

PDSN
A 11 traffic

A-Interface

MSC

BSC
1 2
 3 4

SDU : Selector & Distribution Unit

• Controls Handoff

• Separates data and voice and sends

o Data  PDSN (Packet Data Service node)
Through PCF

o Voice  VPU

• Packet control function ( PCF )

o Sends data
VPU : Vecoder Processing Unit

• Voice goes to MSC from VPU

OC3 Port
Optical fiber
terminates

MM1 : Mobility Manager

• Separates signaling link for voice in Motorola structure

o Signaling link : 1 time slot of 64kbps

 Motorola has a defect that if it needs a signaling link then we need

a separate E1.

o V.35 Interface : MM uses a v.35 interface as the signaling interface

between BSC and MSC

OMC Rach

• Operation & Management Centre

• Data Base of all the sites and racks
o OMCR
o UNO
o MWC
o CW2k
o CWM
o SMAP
IWU : Inter Working Unit

• Provides the end user with other ISP connectivity

And faxing facilities

EVDO-BSC
 • Increases Data speed

1K EVDO
600 2.4Mbps -> only data

TAG Blocks

• Where E1s terminate

ODF : Optical Distribution Frame

• Optical Distribution frame

DDF : Digital Distribution Frame

• For termination of E1
• Contains many TAG blocks

SDH
• They are used to provide end to end connectivity between exchanges
• They use direct connectivity
• Reduces the interconnectivity distance
• Uses Fiber optics as the medium for transmission and reception each

Detail
Multi service Optical Transmission System

PDU PDU

2500+
PDU PDU

Electrical Connectivity
SD4

SSC
XSC
XSC
PQ1
PQ1
PQ1
PQ1

PQ1
PQ1
PQ1
PQ1
O O

FAN
DUST TRAY Optical Link
PDU

It has an electrical requirement of 20A-48V DC

There are 2 PDU available which are provided electricity from an external DB making a
1+1 battery source

1+1 Battery Source

The 1+1 refers to 1 source being the operating 1 while the other 1 being the backup
source in case the first 1 fails the backup automatically comes into action and provides
the necessary operating voltage

Electrical Connectivity

The Data is provided to the SDH from E1 which are connected by means of connectors in
this part..

The SDH

Here we discuss the 2500+ SDH

It contains 4 different kind of Cards they are

1. PQ Cards
 The PQ Card or Protection Card are used for protection and handle multiple E1
connections is it is used for muxing the E1s
Signal and Alarms are shown on the card where 2 Alarm in 1 second means that
there is no problem while if the alarms per second increase from 2 to something
higher then there is some problem which needs to be corrected

2. XCS Card

Is used for cross communication ( provides interconnectivity )

3. SD4 Card

It is the Optical Card i.e. it converts electrical signal to Optical signal and
transmits it on the fiber optics and receives optical data and converts it back to its
electrical form

4. SSC Card

It is used to provide signaling and monitors alarms .

FAN & DUST TRAY

The FAN is placed to cool off the cards and the dust tray doesn’t lets any dust enter the
cards