CE 2401 DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE & BRICK

MASONRY STRUCTURES
UNIT - I
RETAINING WALLS
PART -A
OB1ECTIVES
What is the structural action oI the stem, heel and toe oI a cantilever retaining wall?
Illustrate with a sketch
2 Why counter Iorts are provided in a counter Iort retaining wall?
3 Why is shear key provided in Retaining wall?
4 Draw the deIlected shape oI the Cantilever Retaining wall?
5 How is the stability oI retaining wall checked?
6 How is the vertical slab Ior the counter Iort retaining wall designed?
7 What do you mean by the back Iill oI a retaining wall?
8 List out the various Iorces subjected to a cantilever retaining wall
9 Write down the equation Ior co-eIIicient oI Passive Earth Pressure



PART - B
cantilever retaining wall has 45 m high wall/Irom the top oI the base slab and retains
earth with an inclined Iill (20
o
to horizontal) Density oI soil retained is 5 KN/m
3
and its
angle oI repose is 30
o
Design the base section oI the wall Ior Ilexure
2 counter Iort retaining wall retains earth (top level - horizontal) to a height oI 6 m above
GL and the SBC oI soil at m below GL is 200 KN/m
2
Density and angle oI repose oI
soil is 6 KN/m
3
and 30
o
respectively CoeIIicient oI Iriction between concrete and soil is
06 ssuming the thickness oI stem, base slab and counter Iort as 3m centre to centre
Calculate the base dimensions Ior stability considerations
3 Design a RCC Cantilever retaining wall to retain the leveled earth embankment 5m
high above the ground level The unit weight oI earth is 7 KN/m
3
and its angle oI repose
is 30
o
The saIe bearing capacity oI the soil is 200 KN/m
2
The coeIIicient oI Iriction
between soil and concrete is 055 Use M20 grade oI concrete and steel grade Fe 45
4 ( i ) What are the design principles involved in the diIIerent components oI Counter Iort
Retaining Wall
( ii ) Write down the steps involved in the design oI counter Iort Retaining Wall
5 Design a cantilever retaining wall Ior the Iollowing data :
Height oI wall above ground : 4 m
Depth oI Ioundation : 5 m
Unit weight oI earth Iill : 7 KN/m
3

ngle oI internal Iriction : 20
o

CoeIIicient oI Iriction
Between soil and concrete : 045
SaIe bearing capacity oI soil : 30 KN/m
2

6 Design the vertical slab oI a counter Iort retaining wall Ior the Iollowing data :
Height oI wall above ground : 8 m
Depth oI Ioundation : 0 m
Unit weight oI earth Iill : 8 KN/m
3

ngle oI internal Iriction : 30
o


CoeIIicient oI Iriction
between soil and concrete : 055
SaIe bearing capacity oI soil : 200 KN/m
2

Surcharge angle : 8
o

Spacing oI counter Iorts : 3 m c/c
7 Design a 'T shaped cantilever retaining wall Ior the Iollowing data :
Height oI wall above ground : 35 m
Depth oI Ioundation : 30 m
Unit weight oI earth Iill : 8 KN/m
3

ngle oI internal Iriction : 25
o

CoeIIicient oI Iriction
between soil and concrete : 044
SaIe bearing capacity oI soil : 40 KN/m
2

dopt M 20 grade concrete and Fe 45 grade steel
8 Explain the methods oI designing a shear Key in a Retaining wall
9 Design a 'T shaped cantilever retaining wall to retain earth 3 m high above ground
level The unit weight oI earth is 20 KN/m
3
, and its angle oI repose is 33
o
The
embankment is horizontal at its top The saIe bearing capacity oI soil is 20 KN/m
2
and
the coeIIicient oI Iriction between soil and concrete as 050
0What are the circumstances under which counter Iort retaining walls are preIerred?
Explain the various steps involved in the design oI diIIerent components oI a counter Iort
retaining wall






UNIT - II
WATER TANKS
PART - A
OB1ECTIVES
Why cover domes Ior a circular water tank is economical than a Ilat cover slab?
2 Why bracings are provided in the stagings oI a water tank?
3 Why are bracings provided in the over head water tanks?
4 How do you decide the rise oI a dome in a water tank?
5 What are the stresses acting on a spherical dome?
6 For what conditions are the under ground tanks designed and checked?
7 What are the eIIect oI joint reactions due to continuity in a water tank design?
8 Why the upliIt pressure is critical on the Iloor oI the underground tanks?
9 What is the purpose oI providing sliding joint in a water tank?
0List out the boundary conditions Ior wall with hinged base and Iree top

PART - B
circular water tank open at top and resting on a rigid soil has inner diameter 3 m and
height 3 m Base joint between wall and base slab shall be assumed as hinged Using
M20 concrete and Fe 45 steel, design the wall
2 square elevated water tank 3 m x 3 m x 3 m height is open at top Base oI the wall may
be assumed as hinged Use M25 concrete and Fe 45 steel Design the wall along the
horizontal direction
3 Design the Iollowing parts oI overhead Ilat bottomed RCC cylindrical tank to store
30,000 liters oI water The top oI the tank is covered with a dome dopt M20 concrete
and Fe 45 grade steel Design (i) Dome (ii) Ring beam
4 Design the Long wall oI an underground reservoir 2 m x 5 m x 4 m deep Do the
curtailment oI reinIorcement also Draw the neat sketch to show the reinIorcement
details
5 Design an over head Ilat bottomed cylindrical water tank Ior a capacity oI 00,000 litres
The depth oI water is to be 36 m Free board 200 mm the top oI the tank is covered
with a dome Design the dome, top ring beam and side walls oI the tank
6 Design an under ground tank oI internal dimensions 8 m x 2 m x 2 m the soil
surrounding the tank is likely to get wet ngle oI repose oI soil in dry state is 30
o
and in
wet state is 6
o
soil weighs 20 KN/m
3

7 Design the side wall oI a circular tank oI capacity 5 lakh litres oI water The depth oI
the tank is limited to 25 m the joint between the wall and base as Ilexible The base slab
rest on the ground Use M20 grade concrete
8 Design an underground water tank 4 m x 9 m 25 m deep The sub soil consist oI silt
having angle oI repose oI 30
o
, and saturated unit weight oI 8 KN/m
3
The water is likely
to rise up to ground level Use M20 grade concrete and Fe45 grade steel
9 Design a spherical dome Ior a circular water tank oI diameter 0 m ssume the rise oI
the dome as 2 m Use M25 grade concrete and Fe45 grade steel
0Design the short wall oI a under ground tank oI size 0 m x 4 m x 35 m deep Draw the
neat sketch to show the reinIorcement details















UNIT - III
SELECTED TOPICS
PART - A
OB1ECTIVES
When a mat Ioundation is resorted to a structure?
2 What are the advantages oI box culvert over slab culvert?
3 Distinguish between the term going and tread
4 Why are drops provided in the Flat slabs?
5 List the diIIerent types oI stairs
6 Under what circumstances Ilat slab construction is preIerred?
7 What are the various causes Ior arising the longitudinal Iorce in a Road Bridge?
8 Draw a neat sketch oI Ilat slab with drop panel and column head?
9 What do you mean by stair spanning horizontally?
0Which Ioundation is suitable Ior sandy soil?

PART - B
intermediate Ilight iI a staircase is supported only at the edges oI landing (Support
Perpendicular to the direction oI the Ilight) Height between landing is 5 m The Ilight
has steps consisting oI 0 risers (each rise 50 mm) and a treads (each tread 250mm)
The steps are supported on a waist slab Landing is m width Support width is 300 mm
each Design the waist slab and landing Ior bending moment alone Use M20 concrete
and Fe45 steel Live load on stairs is 30 KN/m
2
Width oI Ilight 5 m
2 n interior panel oI a Ilat slab Iloor has centre line dimension 4 m x 4 m Live load on
the Iloor is 3 KN/m
2
Provide a suitable arrangement Ior column head and drop Choose a
suitable thickness Ior slab and drop, and check its saIety under shear only Use M20
concrete Diameter oI the column is 400 mm Finish KN/m
2

3 longitudinal type oI staircase spans a distance oI 375 m c/c oI beams The Ilight
consists oI 5 steps Take rise 75 mm, tread is 250 mm ssuming grade 25 concrete
and Fe 45 steel, Design the staircase Ior a live load oI 5 KN/m
2
ssuming the breadth
oI the staircase as 4 m
4 Design an interior panel oI a Ilat slab Ior a live load oI 5 KN/m
2
and a column grid oI
6mx6m Columns are oI 600 mm diameter Drops shall be provided Show the
reinIorcement details in the Ilat slab Use M20 concrete and Fe45 steel
5 Design a dog legged stair Ior an oIIice building in which the vertical distance between
Iloors is 36 m the stair hall measures 28 m x 58 m clear Width oI Ilight is to be 25
m llow a live load oI 3 KN/m
2
ssume the stairs are supported on 230 mm walls at the
end oI outer edges oI landing slab
6 Ilat slab Iloor with drops is proposed Ior a ware house 20 m x 30 m in size Using a
column grid oI 5 m x 5 m, design an interior panel to support a live load oI 5 KN/m
2

7 Design a dog legged stair Ior a building in which the vertical distance between the Iloor is
36 m The stair Hall measures 24 m x 5 m (inner dimensions) The live load on the stair
is 3000 N/m
2
dopt M20 grade concrete and Fe45 grade steel
8 Design an interior panel oI a Ilat slab, 55 m x 55 m Ior a live load oI 5000 N/m
2
Use
M20 grade concrete and Fe45 grade steel
9 Design a dog legged stair Ior a building in which the vertical distance between the Iloor is
36 m The stair Hall measures 26 m x 5 m The live load may be taken as 25 KN /m
2

0 box culvert is to be provided Ior a drain under a highway The inside dimensions oI the
box culvert is 25 m x 25 m The box culvert is expected to carry a super imposed dead
load oI 6 KN/m
2
and a live load oI 50 KN/m
2
Unit weight oI soil is 8 KN/m
3
and
30
o
Design the culvert











UNIT - IV
YIELD LINE THEORY
PART - A
OB1ECTIVES
Why yield line theory Ior slab always yield upper bound solution?
2 Sketch an yield line pattern Ior a circular slab continuous over its edge supports
3 Draw the yield line pattern Ior (a) Rectangular slab with all edges continuous (b) Circular
slab simply supported at its edges
4 What is meant by yield line?
5 What are the assumptions involved in the yield line theory oI slabs?
6 Draw the yield line pattern Ior a rectangular slab simply supported on all sides
7 List out any two characteristic oI yield lines
8 Write the equation Ior calculating the ultimate moment in a orthotropically reinIorced
rectangular slab
9 State the principle oI virtual work?
0Draw the yield line pattern oI a circular slab with simply supported edges?

PART - B
Derive Irom principles the ultimate design moments Ior a rectangular simply supported
slab panel using yield line approach Hence determine the design moments Ior a simply
supported rectangular slab 3 m x 4 m eIIective, subjected to a live load (working) oI 25
KN/m
2
and Iinish oI KN/m
2
ssume suitable load Iactor
2 square interior panel oI an intermediate Iloor is oI eIIective dimension 5 m x 5 m The
live load on the Iloor is 25 KN/m
2
Finishes is KN/m
2
nalyse the slab using yield line
approach and design the slab Use M20 concrete and Fe45 steel
3 (i) Write any Iour characteristics oI Yield line?
(ii) Find the ultimate load oI the isotropically reinIorced square slab simply supported on
its all edges and uniIormly loaded Use virtual work method
4 Design a rectangular slab 6 m x 4 m simply supported on its all edges The live load is
5KN/m
2
The load Iactors are 5 and 22 Ior dead and live load respectively The ultimate
moment in the longer direction is halI oI the shorter side Use M25 concrete and Fe45
steel
5 Derive an expression Ior calculating the ultimate moment oI resistance Ior a simply
supported rectangular slab
6 rectangular slab 35 m x 5 m in size simply supported at the edges The slab is expected
to carry a service live load oI 3 KN/m
2
and a Iloor Iinishing load oI KN/m
2
Design the
slab iI
(i) It is isotropically reinIorce and
(ii) It is orthotropically reinIorced with 075
7 Derive the expression Ior calculating the ultimate moment (virtual work method) Ior a
simply supported square slab
8 Design a circular slab 45 m diameter, simply supported along the edges, to carry a service
load oI 5 KN/m
2
dopt M20 grade concrete and Fe45 grade steel Use Equilibrium
method Ior analysis
9 Derive an expression Ior yield moment Ior a orthotropically reinIorced Rectangular slab
(Use equilibrium method)
0 square slab oI side length 5 m is simply supported at the ends and carries a service live
load oI 3 KN/m
2
Design the slab Use M25 grade concrete and Fe45 grade steel













UNIT - V
BRICK MASONRY
PART - A
OB1ECTIVES
DeIine slenderness ratio oI a masonry wall
2 List out any two Iactors which aIIect the permissible stress oI a masonry
3 Why are piers provided along length oI wall?
4 What are the loads you would consider while designing a masonry wall?
5 DeIine : shape modiIication Iactor Ior masonry construction
6 What is slenderness ratio Ior a masonry wall? State the maximum values
7 What is the purpose oI providing a lateral support in a masonry structure?
8 What do you mean by shape modiIication Iactor?
9 Why are stiIIeners provided Ior Brick piers?
0What is the permissible tensile stress Ior brick wall?

PART - B
brick masonry wall supports a rooI slab (one way slab, thickness 25 mm) along
with a parapet oI 230 mm thick and 750 mm height Live load on slab is 5 KN/m
2

and Iinish is 2 KN/m
2
EIIective span oI the rooI slab is 3 m The height oI the wall
Irom centre oI slab to top oI Iooting is 3 m Length oI the wall between centres oI
cross walls is 7 m ssume that there are no openings in the wall and the cross walls
The wall and rooI slab are Ior a single room Nominal brick units with strength
5N/mm
2
are available Mortar to be used in M Design the thickness oI the wall
2 brick pier oI eIIective dimensions 345 mm x 345 mm has a height oI 3 m Irom top
oI Iooting and to the bottom oI a rooI truss it supports Brick unit strength is
5N/mm
2
and mortar used is M Determine the capacity oI the column
3 Determine the llowable axial load on column 300 mm x 60 mm constructed in Iirst
class brick work in CM : 6 using modular bricks 200mm x 0mm x 00mm The
height oI pier between the Iooting and top oI slab is 52 m The strength oI units may
be assumed as 05 MPa
4 Design a interior load bearing wall oI a two storied building to carry 50 mm thick
RCC slab with 3 m ceiling height The wall is unstiIIened and supports 4 m wide
span Take
Live load on rooI and Iloor is 2 KN/m
2

Weight oI Floor Iinish KN/m
2

Weight oI Terrace 8 KN/m
2

Unit Weight oI Masonry 92 KN/m
3

5 Write short notes on :
(i) ClassiIication oI walls
(ii) EIIective length and eIIective height oI walls
(iii) Permissible stress in brick masonry
6 Design a solid square masonry column oI height 25 m to carry an axial load oI
00KN
7 Design a solid wall oI a single storey Mill building that is 3000 mm in height,
securely tied with rooI and Iloor units and supporting two beams on either side oI it
That exert reactions oI 30 KN and 20 KN The thickness oI the wall is 230 mm The
beam bears on the wall is 5 mm assume uniIorm bearing stress Neglect the load
due to selI weight
8 Design a solid square masonry column oI height 2000 mm, to carry an axial load oI
50 KN The column is tied at the top and bottom Include the selI weight oI the
column Ior the design
9 Design a Pier subjected to an axial load oI 00 KN Use Iirst class bricks in CM :5
The size oI the bricks are 90 mm x 00 mm x 90 mm The height oI the pier is
48m (eIIective) The strength oI the units may be assumed as 0 N/mm
2

0Design a load bearing wall oI a single storey building to carry 20 mm thick RCC
slab with 302 m ceiling height The wall is stiIIened and supports are provided at 4m
intervals
Live load on rooI slab 5 KN/m
2

Weight oI Iloor Iinish 08 KN/m
2

Weight oI terrace 2 KN/m
2

Take unit weight oI Masonry as 20 KN/m
3