Exercise 6.1 a)Describe the mediastinum and its boundaries.

The region between

the two pleural cavities, also contains the thymus, esophagus, and trachea.

b)Use the identify tool to label the sructures in the diagram

below c)Right common carotid artery d)Brachiocephalic artery e)Right Brachiocephalic vein f)Ascending Aorta g)Superior vena cava h)Interior of paricardial sac i)Auricle of right atrium j)Right Atrium k)Diaphram l)Left common carotid artery m)Left subclavian artery n)Left Brachiocephalic vein o)Left vagus nerve p)Arch of aorta q)Pulmonary trunk r)Auricle of left atrium s)Left Ventricle t)Right Ventricle u)Apex of heart 3) What is the name of the small conical muscular pouch that projects to the left from the right atrium and overlaps the ascending aorta? The Conus Arteriosus. 4) What is the name of the major blood vessel that delivers deoxygenated blood from the superior half of the body into the right atrium of the heart? Superior Vena Cava 5) Describe the aortic arch. Curves across the superior surface of the heart, connecting the ascending aorta with the descending aorta. 6) What is the name of the large muscular partition between the thoracic and abdominal cavities? The Diaphram 7) What structure represents the parasympathetic innervation of the heart? **** 8) What is the role of the right atrium? Receives blood from the systemic circuit and passes it to the right ventricle. 9) What is the function of the aorta? Carries blood away from the lef ventricle and into the systemic circuit. Exercise 6.2 v)What is the name of the artery passing inferiorly from the base of the ascending aorta and following the course of the cornary sulcus between the right auricle and the right ventricle? Right Coronary Artery w)What is the name of the artery running down the course of the

anterior interventricular sulcus? Anterior Interventricular Artery x)What are the two veins called that cross over the superior part of the right coronary artery onto the anterior surface of the right ventricle? Left & Right Conus Artery y)What is the name of the vein passing along the inferior portion of the right ventricle? Right Marginal Vein z)What is the name of the vein beginning at the apex of the heart and ascending in the anterior interventricular groove with the anterior interventricular artery? Great cardiac vein. Exercise 6.3 1) Label the following diagrams aa)Auricle of right atrium bb)Right Atrium cc)Anterior cusp of tricuspid valve dd)Anterior papillary muscle ee)Right Ventricle ff)Right cusp of pulmonary valve gg)Conus anteriosus hh)Septal papillary muscle ii)Chordae tendineae jj)Posterior papillary muscle kk)Trabeculae carneae

ll)What are the names of the four chambers of the heart? Right
Atrium, Right Ventricle, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle.

mm)As you view the heart-cut section image, which ventricle,

right or left, has the thicker walls? The Left Ventricle.

nn)What is the physiological significance of the difference in

thickness? The right ventricle does not need to push very hard to push blood through the pulmonary circuit and therefore is thinner then the left. oo)Name the two AV valves. Tricuspid & Bicuspid. pp)Describe the location of the two AV valves. Right AV Valve is located at the opening of the Right Ventricle. The Left AV Valve is located between the Left Atrium & Left Ventricle. qq)Name the two semilunar valves. Pulmonary & Aortic rr)Describe the location of the two semilunar valves. Pulmonary: Between the right ventricle to pulmonary trunk. Aortic: Between the left ventricle and the ascending aorta. ss)What is the function of the papillary muscles of the heart? They prevent backflow of blood into the atria each time the ventricles contract. tt)What are trabeculae carneae? Muscle ridges on the internal surface of the ventricles. uu)What is pulmonary valve stenosis? When flow of blood is obstructed at the right ventricle

Exercise 6.4 1) Label the following diagrams vv)Esophagus ww)Trachea xx)Left pulmonary artery yy)Right superior pulmonary vein zz)Right inferior pulmonary vein aaa)Left Atrium bbb)Diaphragmatic pericardium ccc)Brachiocephalic artery ddd)Arch of aorta eee)Superior vena cava fff)Ascending aorta ggg)Right Atrium hhh)Inferior vena cava iii)Right ventricle Exercise 6.5 1) Label the following diagrams jjj)Right subclavian artery kkk)Superior vena cava lll)Sinus venarum mmm)Oval fossa nnn)Septal cusp of tricuspid ooo)Inferior vena cava

ppp)What is the significance of the red color of the right

superior and inferior pulmonary veins in this view? Oxygenated blood. qqq)What is the significance of the blue color of the right pulmonary artery in this view? Deoxygenated blood. rrr)What fetal structure gives rise to the fossa ovalis? The Foramen Ovale. sss)What does brachiocephalic mean, literally? Arm and head Exercise 6.6 1) Label the following diagrams ttt)Myocardium of left ventricle uuu)Anterior papilary muscle vvv)Trabeculae carnea www)Anterior cusp of mitral valve xxx)Chordae tendineae yyy)osterior papillary muscle

zzz)By what other name is the AV mitral valve known? Bicuspid aaaa)What is the significance of the other name of the AV mitral
valve? Left AV Valve describes location, Bicuspid defines it

containing a pair of cusps & mitral describes its apperance bishops hat. Exercise 6.7 1) Label the following diagrams bbbb)Right cusp of pulmonary valve cccc)Auricle of right atrium dddd)Septal cusp of the tricuspid valve - anterior eeee)Posterior cusp of tricuspid ffff)Conus arteriosus gggg)Anterior cusp of tricuspid valve hhhh)Septomarginal trabecula iiii)Anterior papillary muscle - right ventricle jjjj)Myocardium of right ventricle

kkkk)What do the letters AV represent when describing the mitral

and/or tricuspid valves, and how do the letters AV indicate heart valve location? Atrioventricular Valve: Between the atrium and ventricle llll)What specific role does the tricuspid valve serve? Prevents backflow of blood to the right atrium. mmmm)Septal defects: nnnn)What is an interatrial septal defect? Openings in the atrial septum (muscles seperating the atria's) oooo)What is a ventricular septal defect (VSD)? Openings in the ventricular septum (muscles seperating the ventricles) pppp)What are the consequences of a VSD? Blood will flow from the left atrium into the right atrium rather than the opposit way. Exercise 6.8 1) Label the following diagrams qqqq)Superior vena cava rrrr)Aortic arch ssss)SA node tttt)AV node uuuu)Right atrium vvvv)Right ventricle wwww)Inferior vena cava xxxx)Acending aorta yyyy)Left atrium zzzz)AV bundle aaaaa)Right and Left bundle branches bbbbb)Left Ventricle ccccc)Purkinje fiber