MBA SEMESTER II MB0048 Operation Research- 4 Credits (Book ID: B1301) Assignment Set- 1 (60 Marks)

Note: Each question carries 10 Marks. Answer all the questions 1. a .Define O.R and discuss its characteristics. [ 5 marks]
Operations Research Management focuses on the mathematical scoring of consequences of a decision aiming to optimise the use of time, effort and resources, and avoid blunders. The act of obtaining the best results under any given circumstances is known as optimising. The key purpose of Operations Research (OR) is to do preparative calculations that aid the decision-making process. Now, you will agree that decision-making is a key part of our daily life. The ultimate goal of all decisions is to maximise benefits and minimise effort and time. OR gives decision makers the power to make effective decisions and improve day-to-day operations. Decision makers consider all the available options, study the outcomes and estimate the risks. In simple situations, you use your common sense and judgement to take decisions. For example, if you are buying a microwave or washing machine, the decision-making process is not very complicated. You can simply compare the price, quality and durability of the well known brands and models in the market and take a decision based on it. However, in complex situations, although it is possible to take decisions based on ones common sense, a decision backed by mathematical calculations reduces the risk factor and increases the probability of success. Some such situations, where decision-makers have to reply on mathematical scoring and reasoning, are finding an appropriate product mix amidst competitors products or planning a public transportation network in a city. The basic dominant characteristic feature of operations research is that it employs mathematical representations or models to analyse problems. This distinct approach represents an adaptation of the scientific methodology used by the physical sciences. The scientific method translates a real given problem into a mathematical representation which is solved and retransformed into the original context. The OR approach to problem solving consists of the following steps: Defining the problem, Constructing the model, Solving the model, Validating the model and Implementing the final result.

b. Explain the nature of Operations Research and its limitations.[ 5 marks]

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2. a. What are the essential characteristics of a linear programming model? [ 5 marks] b. Explain the graphical method of solving a LPP involving two variables.[ 5 marks] 3. a. Explain the simplex procedure to solve a linear programming problem. [ 5 marks] b. Explain the use of artificial variables in L.P[ 5 marks] 4. a. Explain the economic interpretation of dual variables. [ 5 marks] b. Define: Primal Problem and Dual Problem.[ 5 marks] 5. Describe the North-West Corner rule for finding the initial basic feasible solution in the transportation problem?[ 10 marks] 6. Use the simplex method to Maximise z = 3x1 x2 Subject to the constraints 2x1 + x2 2 x1+ 3x2 3 x2 4, x1, x2 0.

MBA SEMESTER II MB0048 Operation Research- 4 Credits (Book ID: B1301) Assignment Set- 1 (60 Marks)

Note: Each question carries 10 Marks. Answer all the questions 1. a. Explain the terms: Pure strategy, Mixed Strategy, Saddle point, Competitive games, Payoffmatrix, Rectangular games. [ 5 marks]

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b. Explain the Maximin and Minimax principle used in Game Theory.[ 5 marks] 2. a. Explain the steps involved in Monte-Carlo simulation. [ 5 marks] b. What are the advantages and limitations of using simulation?[ 5 marks] 3. a. Distinguish between PERT and CPM. What is a critical path?[ 5 marks] b. Write a short note on PERT/CPM networks in Operations Research.[ 5 marks] 4. a. State the general form of an integer programming problem. [ 5 marks] b. Describe the branch and bound method for the solution of integer programming problem?[ 5marks]

5. How can you use the Matrix Minimum method to find the initial basic feasible solution in the transportation problem. [ 10 marks] 6. Solve the following transportation problem. [ 10 marks] 9 12 9 6 9 10 5 7377556 6 5 9 11 3 11 2 6 8 11 2 2 10 9 4 4 6 2 4 2 22