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  • By David G. Messerschmitt: Understanding Networked Applications: A First Course

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    Andrelyn Balangui Lumingis
    61 tayangan11 halaman
    Algorithm Specified sequence of steps that - accomplish a designated task - in a finite number of steps. Protocol Distributed algorithm realized by two or more modules to coordinate their actions or accomplish some shared task. The application defines its own application-level protocols Internally, the network uses protocols to implement the services it provides.

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    Algorithm Specified sequence of steps that - accomplish a designated task - in a finite number of steps. Protocol Distributed algorithm realized by two or more modules to coordinate their actions or accomplish some shared task. The application defines its own application-level protocols Internally, the network uses protocols to implement the services it provides.

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    61 tayangan11 halaman

    By David G. Messerschmitt: Understanding Networked Applications: A First Course

    Diunggah oleh

    Andrelyn Balangui Lumingis
    Algorithm Specified sequence of steps that - accomplish a designated task - in a finite number of steps. Protocol Distributed algorithm realized by two or more modules to coordinate their actions or accomplish some shared task. The application defines its own application-level protocols Internally, the network uses protocols to implement the services it provides.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Unduh sebagai PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
    Tandai sebagai konten tidak pantas
    dari 11

    Copyright 1998, David G. Messerschmitt. All rights reserved.

    4-Aug-99

    Understanding Networked Applications: A First Course

    Chapter 11
    by David G. Messerschmitt

    Understanding Networked Applications: A First Course

    Algorithms and protocols


    by David G. Messerschmitt

    Copyright 1998, David G. Messerschmitt. All rights reserved.

    4-Aug-99

    Algorithm
    Specified sequence of steps that
    accomplish a designated task in a finite number of steps

    Representation:
    simple algorithm: flowchart complicated algorithm: program

    Understanding Networked Applications

    A First Course

    Example: one turn at monopoly


    Start turn Throw dice Move token number of squares indicated on dice

    Move to jail square

    Yes

    Land on go to jail? No

    Finish turn

    Do not move; follow policies for square (like pay rent)

    Understanding Networked Applications

    A First Course

    Copyright 1998, David G. Messerschmitt. All rights reserved.

    4-Aug-99

    Algorithm building blocks


    Start Action Decision Action Action Action Finish Loop 5
    A First Course

    Start

    Start
    Programming languages support these three building blocks

    Action

    Test Action

    Finish Sequence

    Finish Selection

    Understanding Networked Applications

    Protocol
    Distributed algorithm realized by two or more modules to coordinate their actions or accomplish some shared task Module interoperability requires a protocol
    Prescribed order of method invocations Part of interface documentation

    Understanding Networked Applications

    A First Course

    Copyright 1998, David G. Messerschmitt. All rights reserved.

    4-Aug-99

    Monopoly players protocol


    Player 1 Player 2

    One-turn algorithm

    This is a protocol interaction diagram

    Understanding Networked Applications

    Time 7

    A First Course

    Application and infrastructure


    The application defines its own application-level protocols

    Internally, the network uses protocols to implement the services it provides


    Understanding Networked Applications

    A First Course

    Copyright 1998, David G. Messerschmitt. All rights reserved.

    4-Aug-99

    Three simple protocols


    One-way message: send-receive Two-way interaction: request-response Push: publish-subscribe

    Understanding Networked Applications

    A First Course

    Client
    send request

    Server

    receive

    response subscribe responses

    Time
    Understanding Networked Applications

    10

    A First Course

    Copyright 1998, David G. Messerschmitt. All rights reserved.

    4-Aug-99

    Example: HTTP
    User activates URL HTTP request

    HTTP client (browser)

    HTTP server

    Browser displays document (if HTML) or invokes helper application

    HTTP response (embedded document) HTML documents 11


    A First Course

    Understanding Networked Applications

    Example: Stock trading


    Customer wants to purchase 10 shares of MSFT if price is below $90

    Customer

    StockTrader

    What is application protocol?

    Understanding Networked Applications

    12

    A First Course

    Copyright 1998, David G. Messerschmitt. All rights reserved.

    4-Aug-99

    Understanding Networked Applications: A First Course

    Locating things
    by David G. Messerschmitt

    Three ways of locating things


    Name
    Joe Bloe

    Address
    1299 Hearst St, Berkeley, CA

    Reference
    Postmaster of Berkeley CA

    Understanding Networked Applications

    14

    A First Course

    Copyright 1998, David G. Messerschmitt. All rights reserved.

    4-Aug-99

    Name
    Symbolic (character string) representation Easy for people to remember or guess Identifies but does not locate directly
    Distinction important for mobile entities

    Not unique: entities can have more than one name (called aliases)

    Understanding Networked Applications

    15

    A First Course

    Hierarchical names
    Hierarchy makes names easier to remember or guess Host domain names:
    info.sims.berkeley.edu designates administrative hierarchy

    File names:
    c:\My Documents\Docs\Resume.doc designates folder hierarchy
    Understanding Networked Applications

    16

    A First Course

    Copyright 1998, David G. Messerschmitt. All rights reserved.

    4-Aug-99

    Address
    Route or path to entity
    is directly specified, or can be inferred

    Independent of who or what is locating entity Topological specification

    Understanding Networked Applications

    17

    A First Course

    Example
    4 3 2 Path from to is (1,2,2,2,1,1,1,1) 1

    Not an address, because it depends on starting point


    Understanding Networked Applications

    18

    A First Course

    Copyright 1998, David G. Messerschmitt. All rights reserved.

    4-Aug-99

    Example
    (1,1) (1,2) (1,3) (1,4) (1,4) (2,1) (2,2) (2,3) (2,4) (2,5) Address of Route from is (2,5) can be inferred 19
    A First Course

    Understanding Networked Applications

    Reference
    Abstract representation of an entity Interaction is with representation
    infrastructure arranges redirection to actual entity especially appropriate for things that move

    Understanding Networked Applications

    20

    A First Course

    10

    Copyright 1998, David G. Messerschmitt. All rights reserved.

    4-Aug-99

    Reference Client Server

    address

    Understanding Networked Applications

    21

    A First Course

    Name services
    1. name 2. address or reference Name service 3. interaction

    Understanding Networked Applications

    22

    A First Course

    11

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