American international University-Bangladesh (AIUB) Faculty of Engineering Industrial electronics (LAB)

Experiment No.1: Study of switching behavior of some power semiconductor devices 1.Objective:
To control electrical and electronic equipments such as light, motor, LED, etc using different types of triggering circuit.

2.Theory:
The solid-state devices SCR, TRIAC, DIAC have some feature by which we can use them to control the power input of electrical equipments. SCR can conduct currents from anode to cathode when it gets positive gate pulse. To stop the conduction of SCR we have to invert the polarity of the supply voltage or open the switch. In case of TRIAC, it can conduct current on both ways but the gate pulses have to reverse of each. As conduction from MT2 to MT1, we have to apply positive pulse and from MT1 to MT2, we have to apply negative pulse to the gate. The DIAC has no gate terminal but have the ability to conduct current on both ways. By the help of different types of triggering circuit we can control the conduction those devices as well as the equipments.

3.SCR switching in DC supply:

3.1. List of components, instruments and equipments required: -Resistances (9K ohm, 3K ohm, 100 ohm, 10K ohm) -LED -SCR -12 V lamp -12 V source -Trainer Board
100
S R C

1 K 0

1 V 2 3k L D E

Figure 1: SCR switching circuit

3.2. Procedure: 1. Connect the equipments on the trainer board according to the Figure 1. 2. Close the switch to fire SCR. 3. Do the same thing using 12V lamp instead of LED. 3.3. Report: 1. Draw the volt-ampere characteristics curve of SCR and indicate the holding and latching current. 2. When the SCR is under conduction, if we apply negative pulse on the gate then what will happen?

4. TRIAC switching in AC supply:

4.1. List of components, instruments and equipments required: -100K pot -0.01 F bipolar capacitor -TRIAC -DIAC -Lamp
10K Light

90K

TRIAC

DIAC 0.01u F

Figure 2: TRIAC switching to control the intensity of a lamp 4.2. Procedure: 1. Connect the equipments according to the above figure. 2. By varying the pot observe the intensity variation of light. 4.3. Report: 1. 2. Draw the wave shapes across Triac and lamp. Why dont we use UJT relaxation oscillator instead of Diac?

5. SCR switching using Relaxation Oscillator:

5.1. List of components, instruments and equipments required: -12V transformer (12V-0-12V) -UJT -SCR -Three diodes -1 F bipolar capacitor -LED -Resistances (2K, 5K, 1K, 2K ohm) -10K ohm pot

2K

5K 100

10K

1u F

2K 1K

Figure 3: SCR switching using UJT relaxation Oscillator 5.2. Procedure: 1. Connect the equipments according to the above figure.

2. By varying the pot observe the intensity variation of LED. 5.3. Report: 1. 2. 3. 4. Draw wave shapes at base-1 of UJT and across the SCR. Why is the rectifier circuit used here? What is the function of the diode here? Explain the circuit operation of the UJT relaxation oscillator.