Amy Yu Shi Chia * Choo Yin Yin Feyza Kaya * Loo Ke Sin Low Chiao Yie * Marina Melissa

Ng Nermin Tunci * Sharon Pang Xie Mei Tan Chung Szuan * Tan Kai Chur Tan Shin Yen * Tian Zhong Weng Vilvilivyne Yusak

DR. JESSIE GRACE U. RUBRICO, Supervisor

TESL Program, Department of Language and Literacy Education Faculty of Education, University of Malaya Semester 2, AY 2009-2010

1. Introduction to CALL 2. Approach 3. Design 4. Modalities - Blog - Ustream - Skype 5. Conclusion

1. What is CALL 2. History - Behavioristic CALL - Communicative CALL - Integrative CALL- Multimedia - Web-based 3. Types of CALL - CALL Specific Software - Generic Software - Web-based Learning Program - Computer-Mediated Communication 4. Types of CALL Activities 5. Advantages of using CALL 6. Barriers of using CALL

 It started in the 1960s

Behavioristic CALL Communicative CALL Multimedia Interactive CALL Web-based

Types of CALL

1960s-1970s View of language: Structural English Teaching Paradigm: Grammar-Translation & Audio-Lingual Principle of computer use : Drill and Practice Principal Objective: Accuracy

 repeated

exposure to the same material ideal for carrying out repeated drills, since the machine (i) does not get bored with presenting the same material and ii) it can provide immediate non-judgmental feedback. Computer is used as a tutor

 1970s-1980s
View

of language: Cognitive English teaching paradigm: Communicative Language Teaching Principle of computer use: Communicative exercises Principal objective: Fluency

Grammar is taught implicitly rather than explicitly. Computers are used to stimulate discussion, writing or critical thinking. The programs avoid telling students that they are wrong. Flexible to a variety of student responses. Computers are used as a tool (e.g., word processors, spelling and grammar checkers) and the target language is used exclusively.

 1980s-present
View

of language: Sociocognitive English teaching paradigm: Content-based Principle of computer use : Authentic discourse Principal objective: Agency 2 types: Multimedia CALL (CD-ROMs) Web-based CALL (CMC & Internet)

 Creates

a more authentic learning environment using different media. Integrates language skills through multimedia. Allows students to have a high degree of control over their learning through hypermedia. Facilitates a principle focus on the content.

Computer Mediated Communication (CMC)

Characteristics

-provides authentic synchronous and asynchronous communication channels. -can be carried out in several forms: one-to-one one-to-many many-to-one.

The Web
Students

can search through millions of files around the world within minutes Students can use the Web to publish their texts or multimedia materials to share with partner classes or with the general public.

applications that designed to develop and facilitate the language learning such as CD-ROMs, web-based

interactive language learning exercises/ quizzes.

Generic software -Applications that designed for general purposes like Words, Powerpoint, Excel that can be used to support the language learning and teaching.

online dictionaries, online encyclopedias, online concordances, news/magazine sites, e-texts, web-quests, web publishing, blog, wiki, etc.

synchronous - online chat asynchronous - email discussion forum message board

 Multiple

choices Online communication Crossword puzzles Writing & word processing Web publishing Gap filling Web quests/ searching

1) Experiential learning 2) Motivation 3) Enhancement of students achievement 4) Authenticity 5) Greater interaction

6)
7)

6) 7)

8)

Individualization Independence from a single source of information Global understanding Adapting learning to the students Critical thinking skills

*Financial issues *Availability of computer hardware and software *Technical and theoretical knowledge

* Acceptance of technologies

* Lack of human interaction during study * Wrong perception of teachers and administrators *Teachers lack of training on creating CALL

* Lack of unified theoretical framework for designing and evaluating CALL systems

Theory of language: Functional view of language. It puts emphasis on the functions of language. It is the meaningful and interactive purposes within a social context. It is suitable for CALL. Theory of learning: Constructivism- includes the following principles: Learning is an active, social process; The learner is viewed as a unique individual; Learners background and culture are focused; Instructors act as facilitators; Authentic social context materials are used.

Objectives: 1) To facilitate experiential learning; 2) To motivate students to learn the language structure and grammar; 3) To enhance students achievement-(i.e., score better in exam); 4) To expose students to real life situation context (learning something they can use in daily life); 5) To bring about greater interaction by enabling students to share their opinion with their facilitator and classmates.

The Content: We use four main web-based modalities: Blog Ustream Skype

Types of learning techniques and activities Conversation Exercise Interesting learning activities Presentation Writing opinions

Introduction to Blog
A type of website maintained by an individual with regular entries
Commentary Descriptions of events

Getting popular nowadays express themselves

a tool to

impressed with its function suitable as a tool for language learning

Our groups thought (in consultation with Dr. Jessie)

Active involvement

Interact personally

Interesting exercises

Sharing opinion

Flexible learning

Interesting graphics

Studentcentered

Pros
Improve writing competencies

Actively
involved

Sight-seeing

Regular exercise

Playground

What say you?

* All pictures shown are for illustration only

Forum

Visit our blog site at:

English Garden http://tcfy.wordpress.com/
This blog is created especially for this group project as required by the facilitator/supervisor.

Sight-seeing
The section where : we post some images which we will use as tools to teach in the classroom. we post all the students work so that they will find meaning in doing their work.

Regular Exercise
a section where we post exercises for improving the four skills (writing, reading, speaking and listening). designed for students to practice the 4 skills answers are provided for them. if there is anything they do not understand, they can ask during class or post a comment on the blog

Playground
a section for the students to relax and read some interesting news and information.

all the news and information will be updated weekly.

What Say You?

a section
for polls where students freely vote on issues and we will let them know the results for sharing something new with the students

Forum
a discussion board where issues are posted weekly for students to comment on. students can discuss among themselves or with us.

Extra Application in the Blog

link to a free online dictionary.
i. check any words that they do not know

mini games to play such as Hangman, Matchup and Spelling bee chat box named Interaction Path
i. for students to chat with us personally ii. They can use a nickname or real name to chat with us iii. We will try our best to answer any queries from them.

It enables anyone with an Internet connection and a camera to engage their audience in a meaningful, instantaneous way.

It uses a one-to-many model, which means that the user can broadcast everything from high school sporting events to Hollywood movie premieres in a ground-breaking way from an audience to infinite size of audiences.

During the , the website was used by nearly all the major candidates to help their campaigns, by allowing a greater number of voters to ask questions.
Former and became the first candidate ever to stream an alternate on Ustream that allowed Sen. Gravel to respond to all of the questions being asked, as well as comment on the responses from the other candidates throughout a nationally televised debate.

The website has over 2,000,000 registered users who generate 1,500,000+ hours of live streamed content per month with over 75 million unique hits per month.

(source:

It opens up a new world of possibilities and experiences to broadcasters and viewers alike, which the pre-recorded static video that's predominated the Internet to date just can't provide. It presents great advantages to students who are now expected to develop skills valued by the international work community such as communication skills and global and cultural awareness.

Ability to interact in real time via Social Stream like Facebook, Twitter, Myspace, AIM and etc.
Embeddable player and interactive tool Customizable background image Ability to record footage streamed live and download afterward

Facebook integration and preferred partner for live events; Ustream on Facebook application development includes customized areas for graphics driving to websites of your choice like Twitter, websites, Itunes, blogs and more.

Featured shows are available on the Ustream iPhone viewing application (available through App Store), downloaded more than 1.5 million)

Ability to broadcast live from mobile devices with the free Ustream Live Broadcaster available for iPhone, Nokia and Android.
Ability to notify your audience that you are live via Twitter.

Ustream producer and Producer Pro desktop enables highest quality broadcasting and additional features with ease and simplicity; optimized for viewing on iPhone and Android live viewing application.

REGISTER Register for the Ustream.TV Developer Network

TRY Write a call to return Ustream.TV content. Check for some simple calls.

CREATE Develop your application.

SHARE Share your application through Ustream.TV.

Allows users to stream live video from the internet around the world totally free. Ranges from people life casting to showing sports events and even live TV shows as they go out on broadcast around the world. Provides an interactive video with a chat room facility for the viewers to interact with the caster. (real life audience).

 User friendly-Navigation is easy as links are

arranged in a neat order.

Various categories including sports, music,

animals, gaming, shows on news, politics and entertainment.

Great features which are not found in YouTube.

Ex: placing your mouse pointer on a thumbnail on Ustream will produce a pop-out window with a short description of the video. -number of people who has viewed the video and the username of the person who uploaded or broadcasted the video.

 24/7 option that allows live streams 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Easy to share a video you are watching. Serves as a tool to enable us to watch what we may not have been able to otherwise. Interact with other users, either as a broadcaster to many, or through live-broadcast discussions with other viewers or broadcasters. Anyone with an Internet connection can simply and quickly broadcast to a huge audience across the globe. Learning and entertainment opportunities from real people sharing real-life experiences and tips.

 Chat

facility can be abused by spammers. It does not have as many videos as YouTube. Low streaming-the quality of visuals and sound depends on the streamers internet connection.

In LANGUAGE TEACHING AND LEARNING

A software that allows free video calls over the Internet

Has room for Video Conferencing

What is Skype?
Featuring Instant Messenger Yahoo Messenger, MSN etc

Allows file transfer

Pros

Easy to install; its not complicated The slogan of Skype says it all: The whole world can talk for free. Allows communication with a large, authentic audience more sharing of information, experience and knowledge. Easy file transfer Language is optional Extras (Online Games)

Cons

Slow internet connection may hinder the use of voice calls. In that case, the sound may be unclear, shaky and transmission is delayed. Some school district IT personnel block the port used for programs like Skype to function

Skype is: free, popular, user-friendly. an information sharing platform for language learners. an attention grabber with the visual aids and authentic audience. interactive as it allows students to express themselves (ideas and experiences) Skype allows world-wide communication.

Using Skype once a week in the English Language Learning Classroom. Live video-conferencing using Skype - native speaker being the teacher. Students can ask questions or give comments after the video-conference.

-Learning Outcomes: Students learn the correct pronunciation from the native speakers. Exchange of different cultural perspectives between participants.

 Students

learn better via SKYPE as they get to participate actively in class through conversation with people. Active participation in class enhances learning. SKYPE acts as a worldwide information sharing platform students will get out of their geographical or cultural boundaries and get a broader view of the world outside. Therefore, SKYPE is an effective tool in language learning classes especially in enhancing ones listening and speaking skills.

bring about a more student-centered learning and engagement in the learning process; lead to a more active processing resulting in higher-order thinking skills and better recall; develop students confidence in directing their own learning; make learning more interesting; create motivation for the students; give a new perspective to teaching materials; make students learn faster and better with computermediated communication.

This is true for both language and non-language classrooms.

http://www.ustream.com http://www.skype.com http://www.wordpress.com http://tcfy.wordpress.com http://www.wikipedia.org http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computerassisted_language_learning

http://www2.nkfust.edu.tw/~emchen/CALL/unit1.htm

http://quizstar.4teachers.org/freetrial.jsp http://teachingtechnology.suite101.com/article. cfm/tips-for-using-skype-in-the-classroom

This project is done in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the course Language Learning and Language Use TESL Program Department of Language & Literacy Education Faculty of Education, University of Malaya

By Group 7
For: Dr. Jessie Grace U. Rubrico, Facilitator & the participants of PBET 2113 Semester 2, AY 2009-2010 08 April 2010