Natrium (Na)

Pemeriksaan natrium (Na) berguna untuk mengetahui konsentrasi Na (elekrolit dan mineral)
di dalam darah. Natrium berIungsi untuk menjaga keseimbangan air (sejumlah cairan di
dalam maupun di luar sel tubuh) dan elektrolit di dalam tubuh, mengontrol tekanan darah,
serta berperan penting dalam Iungsi kerja saraI dan otot. Konsentrasi Na banyak terdapat di
dalam darah dan cairan limIa. Keabnormalan Na dalam darah mengindikasikan adanya
gangguan kesehatan. Biasanya pemeriksaan ini dilakukan bersamaan dengan pemeriksaan
elektrolit darah yang lain seperti kalium (K), klorida (Cl), kalsium (Ca), dan magnesium (Mg)
Persiapan Pasien -
Persyaratan & Jenis Sampel Serum, Plasma lithium heparin
Natrium (Na), Urine
Pemeriksaan yang berguna untuk mengetahui jumlah Natrium (Na) di dalam urin. Natrium
merupakan suatu elektrolit dan mineral yang banyak ditemukan dalam darah dan cairan
limIa, berIungsi untuk menjaga keseimbangan air (sejumlah cairan di dalam maupun di luar
sel tubuh) dan elektrolit di dalam tubuh, mengontrol tekanan darah, serta berperan penting
dalam Iungsi kerja saraI dan otot. Keabnormalan Na dalam urin mengindikasikan adanya
gangguan kesehatan.
Persiapan Pasien -
Persyaratan & Jenis Sampel Urine 24 jam
Calcium
Pemeriksaan kalsium digunakan untuk mengukur konsentrasi kalsium (Ca) di dalam darah,
bukan yang tersimpan di dalam tulang. Kalsium merupakan suatu mineral yang paling umun
dan penting bagi tubuh, memiliki beberapa Iungsi yaitu membentuk dan memperbaiki tulang
dan gigi, membantu kerja saraI dan pembekuan darah, serta kerja jantung. Hampir seluruh Ca
di dalam tubuh tersimpan di dalam tulang, dan hanya sebagian yang ditemukan di dalam
darah.
Persiapan Pasien -
Persyaratan & Jenis Sampel 500 (250) uL Serum, Plasma Li-heparin/EDTA
hLLp//labsadewacom/faslllLas/vlew/13/elekLrollLhLml

A test Ior calcium in the blood checks the calcium level in the body that is not stored in the
bones. Calcium is the most common mineral in the body and one oI the most important. The
body needs it to build and Iix bones and teeth, help nerves work, make muscles squeeze
together, help blood clot, and help the heart to work. Almost all oI the calcium in the body is
stored in bone. The rest is Iound in the blood.
Normally the level oI calcium in the blood is careIully controlled. When blood calcium levels
get low (hypocalcemia), the bones release calcium to bring it back to a good blood level.
When blood calcium levels get high (hypercalcemia), the extra calcium is stored in the bones
or passed out oI the body in urine and stool. The amount oI calcium in the body depends on
the amount oI:
O Calclum you geL ln your food
O Calclum and vlLamln u your lnLesLlnes absorb
O hosphaLe ln Lhe body
O CerLaln hormones lncludlng paraLhyrold hormone calclLonln and esLrogen ln Lhe body
'itamin D and these hormones help control the amount oI calcium in the body. They also
control the amount oI calcium you absorb Irom Iood and the amount passed Irom the body in
urine. The blood levels oI phosphate are closely linked to calcium levels and they work in
opposite ways: As blood calcium levels get high, phosphate levels get low, and the opposite
is also true.
It is important to get the right amount oI calcium in your Iood because the body loses calcium
every day. Foods rich in calcium include dairy products (milk, cheese), eggs, Iish, green
vegetables, and Iruit. Most people who have low or high levels oI calcium do not have any
symptoms. Calcium levels need to be very high or low to cause symptoms.
It Is Done
A blood calcium test may be done:
O 1o check for problems wlLh Lhe paraLhyrold glands or kldneys cerLaln Lypes of cancers and
bone problems or lnflammaLlon of Lhe pancreas (pancreaLlLls)
O 1o flnd a reason for an abnormal elecLrocardlogram (LkC) LesL
O AfLer a kldney LransplanL
O 1o see lf your sympLoms may be caused by a very low calclum level ln Lhe blood Such
sympLoms may lnclude muscle cramps spasms and LwlLchlng and Llngllng ln Lhe flngers and
around Lhe mouLh
O 1o see lf your sympLoms may be caused by a very hlgh calclum level ln Lhe blood Such
sympLoms may lnclude weakness lack of energy noL wanLlng Lo eaL nausea and vomlLlng
consLlpaLlon urlnaLlng a loL belly paln or bone paln
O As parL of a rouLlne blood LesL
A blood calcium test cannot be used to check Ior a lack oI calcium in your diet or Ior the loss
oI calcium Irom the bones (osteoporosis). The body can have normal calcium levels even iI
your diet does not have enough calcium in it. Other tests, such as bone mineral density, check
the amount oI calcium in the bones.

ow To Prepare
Do not take calcium supplements Ior 8 to 12 hours beIore having a blood calcium test. Your
doctor will tell you iI you should not eat or drink anything beIore your test.
ow It Is Done
The health proIessional drawing blood will:
O Wrap an elasLlc band around your upper arm Lo sLop Lhe flow of blood 1hls makes Lhe velns
below Lhe band larger so lL ls easler Lo puL a needle lnLo Lhe veln
O Clean Lhe needle slLe wlLh alcohol
O uL Lhe needle lnLo Lhe veln More Lhan one needle sLlck may be needed
O ALLach a Lube Lo Lhe needle Lo flll lL wlLh blood
O 8emove Lhe band from your arm when enough blood ls collecLed
O uL a gauze pad or coLLon ball over Lhe needle slLe as Lhe needle ls removed
O uL pressure Lo Lhe slLe and Lhen a bandage
ow It Feels
The blood sample is taken Irom a vein in your arm. An elastic band is wrapped around your
upper arm. It may Ieel tight. You may Ieel nothing at all Irom the needle, or you may Ieel a
quick sting or pinch.
#isks
There is very little chance oI a problem Irom having blood sample taken Irom a vein.
O ?ou may geL a small brulse aL Lhe slLe ?ou can lower Lhe chance of brulslng by keeplng
pressure on Lhe slLe for several mlnuLes
O ln rare cases Lhe veln may become swollen afLer Lhe blood sample ls Laken 1hls problem ls
called phleblLls A warm compress can be used several Llmes a day Lo LreaL Lhls
O Cngolng bleedlng can be a problem for people wlLh bleedlng dlsorders Asplrln warfarln
(Coumadln) and oLher bloodLhlnnlng medlclnes can make bleedlng more llkely lf you have
bleedlng or cloLLlng problems or lf you Lake bloodLhlnnlng medlclne Lell your docLor before
your blood sample ls Laken
#esults
A test Ior calcium in the blood checks the calcium level in the body that is not stored in the
bones.
Normul
The normal values listed here-called a reIerence range-are just a guide. These ranges vary
Irom lab to lab, and your lab may have a diIIerent range Ior what`s normal. Your lab report
should contain the range your lab uses. Also, your doctor will evaluate your results based on
your health and other Iactors. This means that a value that Ialls outside the normal values
listed here may still be normal Ior you or your lab.
Ca|c|um |n b|ood
Adu|ts 8.8-10.4 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) or 2.2-2.6 millimoles per liter
(mmol/L)
Normal blood calcium values are higher in children because their bones are growing quickly.
Ca|c|um |n b|ood
Ch||dren 6.7-10.7 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) or 1.90-2.75 millimoles per
liter (mmol/L)

An ionized calcium test checks the amount oI calcium that is not attached to protein in the
blood. The level oI ionized calcium in the blood is not aIIected by the amount oI protein in
the blood.
on|zed ca|c|um
Adu|ts
4.65-5.28 mg/dL or 1.16-1.32 mmol/L
Ch||dren
4.80-5.52 mg/dL or 1.20-1.38 mmol/L
Y vuluex
High values oI calcium may be caused by:
O PyperparaLhyroldlsm
O Cancer lncludlng cancer LhaL has spread Lo Lhe bones
O 1uberculosls
O 8elng on bed resL for a long Llme afLer a broken bone
O ageLs dlsease
ow vuluex
Low values oI calcium may be caused by:
O A low level of Lhe blood proLeln albumln (hypoalbumlnemla)
O PypoparaLhyroldlsm
O Plgh levels of phosphaLe ln Lhe blood whlch can be caused by kldney fallure laxaLlve use
and oLher Lhlngs
O MalnuLrlLlon caused by dlseases such as cellac dlsease pancreaLlLls and alcohollsm
O CsLeomalacla
O 8lckeLs
at Affects te Test
#easons you may not be able to have the test or why the results may not be helpIul include:
O 1aklng calclum or vlLamln u ln any form lncludlng mllk anLaclds or supplemenLs rlghL before
Lhe LesL
O 1aklng medlclnes such as dlureLlcs Many medlclnes can affecL calclum levels ln Lhe blood
O Pavlng dlalysls
O Pavlng a hlgh volume blood Lransfuslon or many blood Lransfuslons ln a shorL perlod of Llme
at To Tink About
O More Lhan one blood LesL may be needed Lo see lf blood calclum levels are Loo hlgh
O Low blood levels of calclum may be caused by low levels of proLeln (albumln) ln Lhe blood
because abouL half of all calclum ln Lhe blood ls aLLached Lo albumln lor Lhls reason an
lonlzed calclum level (whlch ls noL aLLached Lo albumln) and a blood albumln level may also
be measured lor more lnformaLlon see Lhe Loplc 1oLal Serum roLeln
O CLher LesLs LhaL may be done Lo flnd Lhe cause of abnormal blood calclum levels lnclude
blood LesLs for paraLhyrold hormone (1P) chlorlde acld phosphaLase alkallne
phosphaLase and vlLamln u lor more lnformaLlon see Lhe Loplcs araLhyrold Pormone and
Alkallne hosphaLase
O Calclum levels can also be checked ln Lhe urlne lor more lnformaLlon see Lhe Loplc Calclum
(Ca) ln urlne
hLLp//wwwwebmdcom/aLozguldes/calclumcalnblood?page3

O Sebuah Les unLuk kalslum dalam darah memerlksa LlngkaL kalslum dalam Lubuh yang
Lldak dlslmpan dalam Lulang kalslum adalah mlneral yang pallng umum dalam Lubuh dan
salah saLu yang pallng penLlng kebuLuhan Lubuh unLuk membangun dan memperbalkl
Lulang dan glgl membanLu peker[aan saraf membuaL oLoLoLoL menekan bersamaan
membanLu pembekuan darah dan membanLu [anLung unLuk beker[a Pamplr semua darl
kalslum dalam Lubuh dlslmpan dalam Lulang Slsanya dlLemukan dalam darah

8lasanya LlngkaL kalslum dalam darah dlkonLrol secara cermaL keLlka kadar kalslum darah
mendapaLkan rendah (hlpokalsemla) kalslum Lulang rllls unLuk membawa kemball ke
LlngkaL darah yang balk keLlka kadar kalslum darah mendapaLkan Llnggl (hlperkalsemla)
kalslum eksLra dlslmpan dl Lulang aLau melewaLl keluar darl Lubuh dalam alr senl dan Lln[a
!umlah kalslum dalam Lubuh LerganLung pada [umlah

kalslum Anda mendapaLkan dalam makanan Anda
kalslum dan vlLamln u usus menyerap
losfaL dalam Lubuh
8eberapa hormon Lermasuk hormon paraLlrold kalslLonln dan esLrogen dalam Lubuh

vlLamln u dan hormonhormon lnl membanLu mengendallkan [umlah kalslum dalam Lubuh
Mereka [uga mengendallkan [umlah kalslum Anda menyerap darl makanan dan [umlah yang
lulus darl Lubuh dalam alr senl 1lngkaL darah darl fosfaL LerkalL eraL dengan LlngkaL kalslum
dan mereka beker[a dengan cara seballknya SaaL darah kadar kalslum mendapaLkan Llnggl
kadar fosfaL mendapaLkan rendah dan seballknya [uga benar

Pal lnl penLlng unLuk mendapaLkan [umlah yang LepaL kalslum dalam makanan Anda karena
Lubuh kehllangan kalslum seLlap harl Makanan kaya kalslum Lermasuk produk susu (susu
ke[u) Lelur lkan sayuran hl[au dan buah kebanyakan orang yang memlllkl LlngkaL rendah
aLau Llnggl kalslum Lldak memlllkl ge[ala apapun kadar kalslum harus sangaL Llnggl aLau
rendah unLuk menlmbulkan ge[ala
Mengapa Apa Adanya Selesal

Sebuah Les kalslum darah dapaL dllakukan

unLuk memerlksa masalah dengan kelen[ar paraLlrold aLau gln[al beberapa [enls kanker
dan masalah Lulang aLau peradangan pankreas (pankreaLlLls)
unLuk menemukan alasan unLuk Les (LkC) elekLrokardlogram normal
SeLelah kamera LransplanLasl gln[al
unLuk mellhaL apakah ge[ala Anda dapaL dlsebabkan oleh LlngkaL yang sangaL rendah
kalslum dalam darah Ce[ala LersebuL dapaL berupa kram oLoL ke[ang dan berkeduL dan
kesemuLan dl [arl dan seklLar muluL
unLuk mellhaL apakah ge[ala Anda dapaL dlsebabkan oleh LlngkaL kalslum yang sangaL
Llnggl dalam darah Ce[alage[ala LersebuL dapaL mencakup kelemahan kekurangan energl
Lldak lngln makan mual dan munLah sembellL kenclng banyak saklL peruL aLau saklL
Lulang
Sebagal baglan darl Les darah ruLln

Sebuah Les kalslum darah Lldak dapaL dlgunakan unLuk memerlksa kurangnya kalslum dalam
dleL Anda aLau unLuk hllangnya kalslum darl Lulang (osLeoporosls) 1ubuh dapaL memlllkl
LlngkaL kalslum yang normal bahkan [lka dleL Anda Lldak memlllkl cukup kalslum dl
dalamnya 1es laln seperLl kepadaLan mlneral Lulang memerlksa [umlah kalslum dalam
Lulang