Stat 1510 Class Survey Laura Lyons http://lauralyons.wikispaces.

com/

Abstract The purpose of this observational study is to determine if there is a relationship between different variables. The following questions will be addressed: Is there a relationship between a persons height and shoe size? Is there a difference in gross income based on gender? Is there a relationship between political party and if the respondent feels President Obama will be reelected? Is there a relationship between a persons current political party affiliation and whether or not they changed party affiliation or considered to? Is there a relationship between gender and political party? Is there a relationship between gender and being in favor of the death penalty? Is there a relationship between gender and being in favor of the heath care bill?

Introduction There are many biological and external factors that shape our views and our lives and through the use of a survey, we are able to make observations of how things such as gender, political party affiliation, or a persons income may influence a persons choices and life. Many statistical studies have been conducted to better understand these influences. One example of this is found in an existing statistical study that links gender to a persons income. In the current United States Population Survey, it shows the female-to-male earnings ratio at 0.77, reveling a females income is 23% less than a males. (http://www.bls.gov/cps/cpswom2010.pdf). This is just one example of how a survey can reveal important social and economic statistical information. By conducting an observational study through a survey of over 2,500 people of all ages, we were able to observe different areas of a persons life. We looked at quantitative variables such as physical attributes (weight, height, and shoes size), as well as a persons water consumption. Some qualitative variables observed were gender, political/moral thought, and political party affiliations. With the data collected we can explore which elements surveyed are in relationship to another and which variables are not.

Procedure The teacher of a college statistics course provided a questionnaire to his students. Each student was responsible for randomly selecting and surveying 10 people. The answers were then compiled into a shared database. For the analysis in this report, a simple random sample was calculated, making a sample size of 40 individuals, with an equal amount of women and men represented in the sample size. A select number of questions will be analyzed in this report. The variables we will be studying are as follows: height, height, weight, shoe size, income, gender, political party, Obamas re-election, Obamas healthcare bill, death penalty, water consumption, handedness, and current or change of political party affiliation. We are looking for any direct correlation between these different variables. Analysis Correlations were found with a persons height and shoe size. It was found that there was enough evidence to suggest a positive association between a persons height and a persons shoe size, regardless of gender (female data p=.009, male data p=.027). See the charts and graph following for more information regarding this observation. Womens Height Mean: 64.65 Min: 59 Q1: 63.5 Median: 64 Q3: 67 Max: 70 Mens Height Mean: 71.05 Min: 67 Q1: 69 Median: 72 Q3: 73 Max: 75 Womens Shoe Size Mean: 7.6750 Min: 4 Q1: 7 Median: 8 Q3: 8.75 Max: 11 Mens Shoe Size Mean: 10.8 Min: 8 Q1: 9.75 Median: 10.75 Q3: 11.75 Max: 15

Another observation was made to see if there is a difference in gross income based on gender. A median income of $32,500 was found for both male and female. A mean of $35,585 was found for females and a mean of $48,575 for males. See chart that follows. A Sample T-test was done to see if there was enough evidence to suggest there was a significant enough difference in income based on gender. With a p-value of .186 it was concluded that there was not enough evidence to make this assumption. Annual Gross Income Women 60000 35000 400 40000 40000 9000 80000 0 80000 3300 30000 150000 15000 10000 38000 4000 50000 2000 0 65000 Min: 0 Q1: 3650 M: 32500 Q3: 55000 Max:150000 Mean:35585 Men 51000 14000 13000 125000 15000 0 10500 12000 14000 63000 104000 30000 15000 150000 15000 175000 0 55000 75000 35000 Min: 0 Q1: 13500 M: 32500 Q3: 89500 Max:175000 Mean: 48575

The data shows 62.5% of sample group was in favor of the death penalty while 27.5% were not in favor and 10% were undecided. More men are in favor than women with 75% of men surveyed in favor and 50% of women surveyed in favor. A Test of Independence was done to see if there was a relationship between gender and being for the death penalty. With a p-value of .191 it wasnt possible to conclude that there is a relationship between these two variables. In addition to a Test of Independence, a 2 prop Z-test was done. A p-value of .051 was found, getting closer to reject the null hypothesis. It seems that there may be a correlation but with this small sample size, it isnt possible to statistically determine this relationship. Death Penalty Men: Women: Total: In Favor 15 10 25 Not in Favor 4 7 11 Undecided 1 3 4

45% of the sample group is in favor of the healthcare bill with 32.5% not in favor and 22.5% undecided. A 2 prop-Z test was performed to see if there was a relationship between gender and being for the health care bill. With a p-value of .263 it was determined that there isnt enough evidence to suggest that more women are in favor of the healthcare bill.

Health Care Bill Men: Women: Total: In Favor 8 10 18 Not in Favor 7 6 13 Undecided 5 4 9

In our sample group, 35% label themselves Republican, 40% Democrat, 7.5% Independent, and 17.5% Other. A Test of Independence was done to see if there was difference of political party affiliation based on gender. A p-value of .298 concludes that there isnt a relationship between political party and gender based on our data. Political Party Men: Women: Total: Republican 6 8 14 Democrat 7 9 16 Independent 3 0 3 Other 4 3 7

Over half (55%) surveyed believe that President Obama will not be reelected. 32% believe he will be and 12.5% are undecided. Will President Obama be Re-elected? Men: Women: Total: Yes 5 8 13 No 11 11 22 Undecided 4 1 5

Democrat: Republican: Independent: Other: Total:

Yes 7 3 2 1 13

No 7 9 1 5 22

Undecided 1 3 0 1 5

Conclusion Many of the variables in question were found to be independent and without relationship to the other. In some instances, such as a the relationship between gender and being for the death penalty, this may of been due to the small sample population being used for the test. One strong connection was made between the relationship of a persons height and shoe-size. After working with this sample, I would conclude that a larger sample size would be useful in determining more relationships between these surveyed variables. (Hardcopy of Appendix to be mailed separately)